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GROUNDING 101
WHY DO WE GROUND?
SAFETY
Protect
People
Protect
WHY SHOULD WE GROUND? Electricity will always follow the path of least resistance to ground.
Proper circuit grounding will keep electricity from using your body to get to ground
Grounded Circuit Requirements: Path is continuous and permanent Ample capacity Low Resistance Circuit parts are bonded together
Grounding 101 Summer 2007 - TS 4
WHAT DO WE GAIN?
Provides Provides
Controls
Provides
LIGHTNING PROTECTION
LIGHTNING
FACTS
Packs between 35,000 and 40,000 amperes Generates temperatures as high as 50,000 C Travels as far as 40 miles Strikes somewhere on the earth every second Kills 100 people each year in the U.S.A.
STATIC DISCHARGE
THE
UNWANTED SPARK
Grounding Locations
COMPRESSION
EXOTHERMIC
(weld)
MECHANICAL
10
Makes a secure connection using bolts or other hardware to bind conductors in place.
Range Taking
No special tooling Inexpensive Removable
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12
CONNECTOR CATEGORIES
BUS
GB
GBM
GZ
13
CONNECTOR CATEGORIES
BUS
GCM
GL
GC
Eye in basket
QGFL
14
CONNECTOR CATEGORIES
BUS
GKA
KPB
Servit post
KC
15
GK
Two cable Perpendicular
GP
GD
Cable to rod
GAR
16
CONNECTOR CATEGORIES
FENCE
GG
GAR-TC
Servit post
KC
Cable at 45 90 degrees
17
GC-A
Duel rated pipe clamps
18
CONNECTOR CATEGORIES
GROUND
RODS / REBAR
GRC
Cable to rod
GAR
GP
Two cable perpendicular
GK
Three cable parallel
19
GROUND
GIE
Raised flooring
GP-G1
Raised flooring
GRF
20
& BRAID
Braid
Cable or braid to rod
GG
Cross connection
GX
Tap to run
KA
21
& BEAM
KC QGFL
J&RGC
Servit post
Cable to H beam or tube
Eye in basket
GA-H
22
AVAILABLE FROM
#2 TO 500 kcmil
UL Listed for
direct burial
23
24
25
26
27
28
Can be used on round or square pedestals Accommodates one or two grounding wires
29
QUESTION:
WHEN
ANSWER:
When a permanent connection is called out,
or When connection is exposed to severe conditions such as extreme vibration
30
MECHANICAL QUESTIONS?
31
BURNDYWELD
32
BURNDYWELD
USES
AN EXOTHERMIC PROCESS TO JOIN COPPER A SOLID COPPER IRREVERSIBLE BOND NOT LOOSEN OR CORRODE AT THE WELD
PROVIDES
WILL
33
EXOTHERMIC PROCESS
The
exothermic process is a simple, efficient method of welding copper to copper or copper to steel.
process uses a high temperature reaction of powdered copper oxide and aluminum. takes place in a graphite mold.
This
system is very field friendly, since it is light and portable and requires no outside power.
34
Open mold using handle clamp, and insert the conductors as desired Insert steel disc into the mold cavity Pour powdered metal into the mold cavity Close the lid
MOLD
35
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Grounding 101 Summer 2007 - TS 36
6.
WELD TO REBAR
37
38
SINGLE SHOTS
PROVIDES
THE SAME WELD RESULT IN A COST EFFECTIVE, ONE TIME USE PACKAGE
39
WELD QUALITY
40
WELD QUALITY
Many
WELD INSPECTION
42
Unclean Unclean
Mistakes
43
44
COMPRESSION
45
COMPRESSION THEORY
CREATION
OF A HOMOGENEOUS MASS
46
HY-GROUND SYSTEM
47
BURNDY HAS DEVELOPED AN IRREVERSIBLE COMPRESSION GROUND SYSTEM WHICH MEETS THE STRINGENT SAFETY AND PREFORMANCE REQUIREMENTS UL AND IEEE.
CONNECTORS EMPLOY WELL PROVEN DESIGN PRINCIPLES AND TECHNOLOGY THAT HAVE BEEN IN EXISTENCE FOR OVER 60 YEARS.
48
COMMON APPLICATIONS
Where
HY-GROUND is used
49
50
COMPONENTS OF HY-GROUND
WHATS
NEEDED
51
CONNECTORS
CONNECTION
COMPONENTS AVAILABLE
52
MEETS REQUIREMENTS
UNDERWRITERS
NATIONAL IEEE UL96
LAB TESTS
ELECTRICAL CODE
837 REQUIREMENTS
CANADA
STANDARDS ASSOCIATION
FOR DIRECT BURIAL
APPROVED
53
UL LISTINGS
Rigorous
54
SUPERIOR CONNECTION
PRE-FILLED
Superior connection
55
PENETROX E FILLED
Air
SHOWS
Gaps
Penetrox
EASY TO INSPECT
DIE
INDEX EMBOSSMENT. Match embossed number to the number listed the on connector.
57
Installs
In Wet Environments
58
YGLR-C
Ground rod to grid
YGHC-C
Figure C
YGL-C
Cross connection
YGHP-C
Figure 6
59
YGHP-C YGHR-C
Figure 8 Crimp to structure Ground rod or tap Wire third hand
H-Tap YGIB
Splice or tap
60
YGHS HGS
Splice- heavy duty / standard
YGHA
Hylug
GSTUD-HY
Versitail weld on
YGF
Grounding plate
61
YGHC-C
62
63
Y750HS PAT750XP
Y46
1 Y45
HYPRESS
2 Y46
U-C
U-C
U-C
U-O
U-O
U-O
66
COMPRESSION
EXOTHERMIC
(weld)
67
CONNECTION APPLICATIONS
TEL-COM
TOWER
68
CONNECTION APPLICATIONS
CENTRAL
Grounding 101 Summer 2007 - TS
OFFICE SITE
69
ALWAYS
WIRE GAGE
KEEP
71
AVOID CORROSION
USE PENETROX-E OXIDE INHIBITOR ON COPPER CONNECTIONS
72
TECHNICAL
73