Documentos de Académico
Documentos de Profesional
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Examples of action verbs are: to determine, to compare, to verify, to calculate, to describe, to assess, to ascertain, to establish, to derive, to analyze, to identify, etc... Avoid the use of vague non-action verbs such as: to appreciate, to understand, to appreciate, to motivate, or to study.
Hint!: Always give an overall objective before giving specific objectives. This will help you explain much more clearly to your reader what your work aimed to accomplish.
SMART
Specific Objective 1
Specific Objective 2
Specific Objective 3
Research Design
Results
General Objective To identify mismatch in skills of semiconductor manufacturing technicians by comparing the semiconductor management expectations of graduate skills with students perceptions of the skills that semiconductor managers valued.
Methodology
Results and Discussions Conclusion and Recommendations
Introduction Review of Literature Conceptual Framework Methodology Results and Discussions Conclusion and Recommendations
Specific Objectives To describe the profile of the respondents; To define skill standards for entry-level semiconductor manufacturing technicians focused on skills needed in the first six months on the job;
To determine the management expectations and students perceptions in terms of delivering the skill sets needed in semiconductor manufacturing;
To compare the semiconductor managers expectations of technology graduate skills with students perceptions of the skills that semiconductor managers valued; and To derive implications related to the policies of technical schools and semiconductor companies in meeting the specialized skills of semiconductor manufacturing
To increase the income and productivity of the urban hawkers for improved quality of family life.
Simple vs. Complex Simple: two variables Complex hypothesis: more than two variables Causal vs. Associative Causal Cause and effect Researcher controlled Associative Relationship between variables
Nondirectional Hypothesis Attitudes of pediatric nurses toward mentally retarded clients are related to number of years
in practice.
Research (Alternative) vs. Statistical (Null) Hypothesis Research hypothesis: states what researcher thinks is true Statistical (null) hypothesis: states that no difference or relationship exists
Ex. a) There is no significant difference between the productivity of men and women in manufacturing companies b) There is no relationship between price of mines and stock returns.
Research hypothesis
Cancer patients with chronic pain who listen to music with positive suggestions of pain reduction have less reported pain than those who do not listen to music.
Operational, Alternative, Deductive or Directional Stated in the affirmative manner There is a stated direction Ex. a) There is a significant difference between sales of Shakeys and Pizza Hut b) Advertising cost (X) has a positive effect on sales (Y)
Descriptive - declarative proposition that predicts the existence, size, form and distribution of variables, or characterizes what is typical in a group. Example: Ho: The effectiveness of TV advertisement is 60%
Hypothesis Formats
Descriptive Hypothesis Research Question What is the market In Manila, our Oishi products share for our Oishi market share products in Manila? stands at 13.7%. The Philippine Are Philippine cities are cities experiencing experiencing budget difficulties? budget difficulties.
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Relational Hypotheses
Correlational Young women (under 35) purchase fewer units of our product than women who are older than 35. The number of suits sold varies directly with the level of the business cycle. Causal An increase in family income leads to an increase in the percentage of income saved. Loyalty to a grocery store increases the probability of purchasing that stores private brand products.
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Hypotheses have to be explicit Expressed in comparative, correlational, and causal/relational researches The subproblems or specific questions raised before the start of the investigation and stated under the statement of the problem served as the hypotheses
Chapter 1: Introduction
Review of Literature
It is hypothesized that there is a Conceptual significant difference between Framework semiconductor managers expectations Methodology of technology graduate skills and Results and Discussions students perceptions of the skills that Conclusion and semiconductor managers valued. Recommendations
defines where and when the study was conducted and who the subjects were. sets the delimitations and establishes the boundaries of the study
Delimitations
boundaries beyond which the study is not concerned
Limitation
tells the weaknesses of the study those conditions beyond the control of the researcher that may place restrictions on the conclusions of the study and their application to other situations phases or aspects of the investigation which may affect the result adversely but over which the researcher has no control It is like a disclaimer for the research: it tells the reader what you could not investigate, what problems hindered you on the way...