BIO-CONCRETE Prabhat kumar sahu 0901109200 Civil engg

Concrete is the most widely used material for

construction. It has low tensile strength than compressive strength. So is most effective when reinforced by steel bars. Concrete is a brittle material with low tolerance for strain.

 So it forms cracks, leading to

corrosion water ingress Decrease in durability increasing maintenance cost self healing concrete is a solution to all above. Here we will induce self healing property using JC3 (Bacillus subtilis) bacteria.

Bacillus subtilis(JC3)
JC3 is a gram +ve

bacteria Can be cultivated easily in lab with minimum cost It is nonpathogenic

 Objectives

Experimental procedure
Chemical reactions Experimental results

 Analysis of compressive strength with varying

bacterial con. Analysis of split tensile strength . Effect of bacterial conc. on different grades of concrete

 JC3 bacteria is added to concrete with Calcium lactate

as feeding material. The conc. of JC3 bacteria is proportional to H2O conc. Calcium lactate & JC3 mixture is added in form of palates . Initially JC3 bacteria spores remain in dormant state These spores germinate when come in contact with H2O in temp around 25deg.

 When cracks are formed ,the local palates also breaks

releasing JC3 Water also seeps through cracks Bacterial spores germinates when comes in contact with H2O JC3 feeds on Calcium lactate forming CaCO3 which precipitates on cracks. This process is known as Microbiologically Induced Calcium Carbonate precipitation(MICCP)

 MICCP involves a complicated chain of reaction.

But can sum up to following two steps

Ca2+ + Cell Cell-Ca2+ Cell-Ca2+ + CO32- Cell-CaCO3

Cell Conc./ml of water NIL 10^4 10^5 10^6 10^7

Compressive strength (28 days)(Mpa) 51.81 58.02 61.79 57.21 54.66

% increase

_ 11.99 16.15 10.42 5.51

Grade of concrete

Controlled concrete (Mpa)

Bacterial concrete (Mpa)

% increase

M 20
M 40

28.18
51.19

32.74
60.17

16.18
17.54

M 60
M 80

72.61
93.8

94.21
119.2

29.75
27.08

No of days

Controlled concrete (Mpa) 3.78

Bacterial concrete (Mpa) 4.30

%increase

13.75

14

4.62

5.28

14.28

28

4.85

5.74

18.35

 The use of Self healing concrete has been very

limited world wide . The concept is still in developing stage & on the way to large scale use. In India no use of this has been done. A group of professors in JNTU are researching on bacterial concrete.

Based on the present experimental investigations, the following conclusions are drawn:
decrease of permeability of water and other liquids in

concrete. increases the compressive strength of concrete. The compressive strength Splitting tensile strength is increased All over maintenance cost is minimized

 From all above results we can consider non pathogenic

bacteria as a major material for inducing self healing property in concrete. Now self healing concrete can be said to be future material.

 Wang,

J., Van Tittelboom, K., De Belie N., and Verstraete, W.. "Use of Silica Gel or Polyurethane Immobilized Bacteria for Self-healing Concrete." Construction and Building Materials 26.1 (2012): 53240.Print. Li, V., University of Michigan, Self-healing concrete for safer, more durable infrastructure. Science Daily,22 Apr. 2009. Web. 28 Feb. 2012. Jonkers, H. M., A. Thijssen, G. Muyzer, O. Copuroglu, and Schlangen, E. "Application of Bacteria as Selfhealing Agent for the Development of Sustainable Concrete." Elsevier. Elsevier B.V., 30 Dec. 2008. Web. 25Feb. 2012.

 Brownell, Blaine. "Self-Healing Concrete." Architect, The

AIA Magazine (2011): 90-91. Print. O'Driscoll, Cath. "Bacteria Fill in the Gaps in Concrete." Chemistry & Industry (2010). Web. 11 Feb. 2012. Zwaag, S. Van Der, and Schmets A. J. Self Healing Materials: An Alternative Approach to 20 Centuries of Materials Science. Dordrecht, The Netherlands: Springer, 2007. Print. Yonkers, H. M., and E. Schlangen. "Crack Repair by Concrete-immobilized Bacteria." Proc. of First International Conference on Self Healing Materials, Delft University of Technology, Noordwijk Aan Zee. Springer, 2007. Print