Water Treatment Plant

Why

i.

Why we treat water before use?

Commonly containing potentially harmful inorganic and organic compounds as well as pathogenic microorganisms which are unsuitable for human consumption, industrial and , commercial use. Presence of Acids ,Salts and Gases. Bacteria.

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Selection

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Selection of Raw Water.

Available throughout year. Must be the best available water quality. Near to water treatment plant. Easily accessible & possess adequate space and facilities for maintenance works

Selection

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Selection of Treatment Method.

Sources of water intake. Characteristic of water.Cost Cost.

Process
Screening. Aeration. Coagulation. Flocculation. Sedimentation. Filtration. Disinfection.

Screening

Aeration
Eliminate unneeded dissolved gases.

Remove unpleasant taste and odour-causing substances

Coagulation
Chemical coagulants are added to react with the particles in the water to form particles large enough to settle down. Rapid mixing distributes the coagulants evenly throughout the water removed by the subsequent settling or filtration process

Coagulation.

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Coagulants Used
Alum. (Almunium Sulphate) Poly Almunium Chloride. Ferric Chloride. Ferric Sulphate.

Flocculation.
Flocculation Basin gently mix the water with large submerged paddles so the smaller particles collide to form large particles called floc.

Sedimentation.

Floc settle down by gravity and the bottom of the sedimentation tank, clean water spill out to the filters.

Filtration.
Filtration removes any remaining particle. The force of gravitation moves the water through the filter media.

Filtration.

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Filtration Type
Slow Sand Filter Plant. Rapid Sand Filter Plant.

Filtration.
Slow Sand Filter

Slow Sand filtration was the first type of porous media filtration used in water treatment. This process is known for its simplicity and efficiency.

Filtration.
Rapid Sand Filter

Disinfection.
Chlorination is done for the disinfection, Chlorination is the application of chlorine after water has been treated but before the water reaches the distribution system. After flowing through the filter, water is chlorinated and then pumped to the clear well to allow a sufficient contact time for the chlorine to act. At this stage, chlorination is meant to kill pathogens and to provide a chlorine residual in the distribution system.

Properties

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Clean water
Colorless. Odourless. Tasteless. No Suspended Solids. No pathogen microorganism. No dangerous organic/inorganic compounds. Less mineral substances

Thank You For Your Attention.