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walking
tires
brakes
sand on icy streets
If it is not moving, then there is no friction until an applied force acts on the object! What if it is moving?
Ff F
1. Sliding Friction occurs when two solid objects slide over each other.
b. The coefficient of Friction ( k < s, unitless) The texture of the surfaces. The stickiness between surfaces.
or
Ff = FN
Static - s Kinetic - k
Which would have greater friction force sand paper or a waxed floor? Why?
What about surface area? Which would have a greater friction force?
Friction force does not depend on the area of contact. Same FN and !
Gases
Hammer
Feather
Blockhawk Stephen Hawking is moving a 100 kg block from one side of his laboratory to the other. To accomplish this he ties a rope to the block and then ties it to his wheelchair such that the rope is pulled horizontally to the floor. If the coefficient of sliding friction is 0.35, what force must Mr. Hawking apply to the rope to move at constant speed? Ans: 343 N
Warm Up
1. A 30 N block has a coefficient of friction of 0.26. What force is required to slide it along a level surface at constant velocity?
2. A 35 kg crate requires a force of 110 N to slide at an acceleration of 2 m/s2. What is the coefficient of friction?
In the figure below the coefficient of friction is 0.25. Find the tension in the rope then find the acceleration of the 18 N block.
A crate having a mass of 60 kg falls horizontally off the back of a truck which is traveling at 30 m/s. Compute the coefficient of kinetic friction between the road and the crate if the crate slides 45 m on the ground with no tumbling along the road before coming to rest. Assume that the initial speed of the crate along the road is 30m/s.
30 m/s
Ans. 1.02
Atwood Again
A cord running over a pulley connects two objects. The coefficient of friction between the object and the table is 0.33. Find the acceleration of the system and 7 kg the tension of the rope.
5 kg
How does pulling a block at an upward angle change the normal force?
friction force?
FN F
y x
Fg
How does pulling a block at a downward angle change the normal force? friction force?
FN
x
y Fg F
If all the boxes are the same, which requires a greater force to pull? Why?
F F F
Warm-up
A 925 N crate is being pulled across a level floor by a force of 325 N at an angle 25 above the horizon. The coefficient of kinetic friction between the crate and the floor is 0.25. Find the acceleration of the crate.
325 N 25 925 N
Answer: 1.034 m/s2
If you were sledding down a hill would mass affect your acceleration?
There are always at least two forces acting upon any object that is positioned on an inclined plane - the force of gravity and the normal force. The force of gravity (also known as weight) acts in a downward direction; yet the normal force acts in a direction perpendicular to the surface.
FN F 30
Ff
Fg
Fg-y
Fg-x
- Rotate the x & y axis - Break Fg into x and y components - Angle between Fg and y is equal to the angle of the incline
Inclined to be Friction Old Grandma Jones is trying to load a wooden crate full of apples into her truck. To accomplish this, she plans to slide the crate up along a board. If the crate has a mass of 50 kg and the board is at a 30 incline, what is the maximum force she must apply parallel to the board to move the crate at constant velocity into her truck if the coefficient of friction is .25?
a. Draw a force diagram showing all the forces acting on the car. b. Determine the acceleration of the car if the coefficient of friction between the road and the tires is 0.55. c. If the cat is 25 m away, and David is going 10 m/s when he slams on the brakes, does he hit the cat?
Quiz part 2
1. The block given an initial velocity of 10 m/s is sliding down the hill and will come to a stop due to friction (k=.7). Hint (The only force acting on the block down the hill is Fgx)
Quiz: Part 3 Atwood Again A cord running over a pulley connects two objects. The coefficient of friction between the object and the table is 0.33. Find the acceleration of the system and 7 kg the tension of the rope.
5 kg
The brakes are slammed on a speeding truck and it skids to a stop. If the truck were heavily loaded so it had twice the total mass the skidding distance would be: a) the same b) 1 times as far c) twice as far d) four times as far
Answer: a) the same Twice the mass means the skidding tires will bear against the road with twice the force, which results in twice the friction. Twice as much friction acting on twice as much mass produces the same deceleration and hence the same stopping distance.