History Of Graphic Design (AGD 1222) Lecturer : Pn.

Rosyida Binti Mohd Rozlan

When?
A.D 1000 12th Century : Romanesque Period A period where Romanesque style was spread widely for the sake of glory and christianity. 12th Century 15th Century : Gothic Period A period where romanesque period evolved into gothic style.

Where?
Romanesque style was the first style to spread across the Europe. And widely spread to England, France, Germany, Spain and Italy and the style is involve within it.

Who?
Romanesque art is spreading into Europe by Hiberno Scottich mission on the purpose of spreading religious/Christianity. The people who developed the art is roman people. The manuscripts usually created by monks in the early of middle ages, and most of the manuscripts were created by more than one person. In 15th Century artist began takeover the work. Tax records the artist were often women.

 Christine de Pisan, the first female writer to earn a living from her pen, defended the status of women.

Who?

In this illustration, she depicts women who have served the cause of women(female warriors, politicians, goodwives, lovers, and inventors, among others).

What?
Romanesque Illuminated manuscripts are book written by hand with the decoration, such as decorated initial, border and miniature illustration. Embellishment of text with gold or silver gave the impression that the page had been literally illuminated.

Romanesque figures are very similar to Byzantine art being produced in the Eastern Empire. It is flat, with extremely distorted, flat perspective -the feet are turned to the side, but the body is flat, similar to Egyptian heiroglyphs.

What?
The most lavishly decorated manuscripts of the period were mostly bible or psalters. Rich people sometimes commissioned scribes and artists to produce books for them called psalters. These books contained the person's favorite psalms (religious songs that were sung or chanted in church).

What?
During the Gothic period, 1220-1500, manuscripts were produced in all parts of Europe, and many contained secular art. After the Black Death in the 1340s, the people that were left had more income and less faith in the church, so the new middle class could purchase manuscripts.

What?
Figures became more animated, and had much more depth. Perspective became more realistic, though still very distorted by Renaissance standards.

Gothic art, has a real background, not a flat surface. Though the people are stacked up a bit, they are overlapping, with more depth to their bodies.

It is easy to see the difference in Romanesque figures and Gothic figures. Romanesque

Gothic

What is Romanesque Unicial?

Romanesque Unicial/Rustic capital is informal style handwritten of Roman capital letter. After the 5th century, rustic capitals began to fall out of use, but they continued to be used as a display script in titles and headings, along with uncial as the script of the main text. In this time, Ascenders had already been use. Ascenders is a part of letter that extends. (as shown in the right picture with red circle is called ascenders.)

Why?
Romanesque art spread widely on the purpose of educational and religious purpose. To teach illiterate people about christianity.

How?
In the making of an illuminated manuscript, the text was usually written first. The following steps outline the detailed labor involved to create the illuminations of one page of a manuscript:
1) Silverpoint drawing of the design were executed. 2) Burnished gold dots applied. 3) The application of modulating colors. 4) Continuation of the previous three steps in addition to the outlining of marginal figures. 5) The penning of a rinceaux appearing in the border of a page 6) The final step, the marginal figures are painted. (P.S : its much the same in the note on page 26-29 in Topic 3 Development of European Graphic Design:Illuminated Manuscripts by Pn. Rosyida)