February 25,2013 HCL Career development center

Sunday, 10 March 2013

Agenda
Problem/Background What is Green IT? Energy Efficient IT Architecture Advanced Power and Cooling Integration with Building and Landscape Architecture Using IT to enhance environmental education and responsibility Using IT to save energy Green IT Alliance Projects Thin-Client Computer Lab Grid Computer Project Solar/Wind Projects Ornamental Cooling Pond/Living Roof Interpretive Walk

Sunday, 10 March 2013

Data Center Problem

1 large, 100,000 sq ft Datacenter

30MW Power Consumption Equivalent Power Consumption of 60,000 individuals Equivalent CO2 Output of 6,700 Households or 23,000 cars Annual Power Bill
~$5.3M @ $0.02/kWhr (Quincy) ~$12.7M @ $0.05/kWhr (Eastern Washington) Wild Horse Wind Farm, ~ $0.09/kWhr (National Average) ~ ~$22.3M @ 230MW Peak, 100 MW average 8,600~$31.8M @ $0.12/kWhr TurbinePower Average) Acre Range, 167 Acre (Green Area, $380 Million Investment Solar @ $6/Watt, 30MW with Eastern Washington insolation ~ 300 Acres of Panel Area, $1.1B investment!
Sunday, 10 March 2013 3

Background

Washington State Governors Agenda Priorities supportive of Clean Technology Initiatives and Job Growth
I-937, LEED for Gov Bldgs, Bio-Diesel Initiatives, etc.

National Recognition of Huge Problem associated with Energy Demands for Power/Cooling of IT Infrastructure
Fastest Growing Segment of Energy Demand

Green Building/Sustainable Architecture is a Major National Thrust

Very Little Effort to Address IT Infrastructure

Ground Floor Opportunity Exists to Take a Leadership Position in Integrating Green IT Technologies into Green Building Practices

Sunday, 10 March 2013

Pullman IPZ
Pullman IPZ Strategy is to Focus on collaborative

projects in the following areas

Green IT Clean Technology Alternative Energy Sustainable Architecture

Execute High Profile Projects that Create Future

Economic Opportunity
Foster Innovation and Collaboration among the IPZ

Partners
Prioritize based upon Future Business Growth

Potential

Sunday, 10 March 2013

Technical Emphasis Areas

Energy Efficient IT Hardware/Software/ Network Architecture
Virtualization/Grid Computing/Thin Client

Power and Cooling Infrastructure

SprayCool/DC Distribution/Power Aware

Integration into Building/landscape Architecture

Modular Data Centers, Cooling Pond/Radiant

Floor Heat/Green Power

Sunday, 10 March 2013

Projects

IT Architecture
Thin Client/Virtualization Training Lab Workgroup Cluster Energy Productivity

Advanced Power and Cooling

Renewable Energy Powered IT Solar Project Wind Project Server Power and Cooling Liquid Cooling/Waste Heat Re-Use DC Distribution

Integration with Bldg and Landscape Architecture

Ornamental Cooling Ponds Living Roofs Interpretive Walk/Wetland Restoration

Sunday, 10 March 2013

Problem Statement
Why Data Centers?
Highly energy-intensive and rapidly growing
Consume 10 to 100 times more energy per square foot

than a typical office building

Large potential impact on electricity supply

and distribution
Used about 45 billion kWh

in 2005
At current rates, power

requirements could double in 5 years.

8 Sunday, 10 March 2013

Key Barriers

Lack of efficiency definitions for equipment and data centers (Being addressed by www.thegreengrid.org)
Service output difficult to measure, varies among applications Need for metrics and more data:
How do we account for computing performance?

Split incentives
Disconnect between IT and facilities managers

Risk aversion
Fear of change and potential downtime; energy efficiency perceived as a change with uncertain value and risk

EPA Report: Call for Pilot Projects, Test Centers, Federal Leadership by example
9 Sunday, 10 March 2013

Energy Efficiency Opportunities

Power Distribution & Conversions

Server Load/ Computing Operations

Cooling Equipment

10 Sunday, 10 March 2013

Data Center Energy Use

Typical Data Center Energy End Use
100 Units Power Conversions & Distribution

35 Units Cooling Equipment Server Load /Computing Operations 33 Units Delivered

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Typical Energy Flow/Use

Power Conversion & Distribution Fuel Burned at Power Plant Electricity Generation & Transmission Losses Cooling Equipment Server Load/ Computing Operations

Delivered Power

12 Sunday, 10 March 2013

Typical Energy Flow/Use

Power Conversion & Distribution Fuel Burned at Power Plant

Electricity Generation & Transmission Losses

Cooling Equipment

Server Load/ Computing Operations

On-Site Generation further reduces losses and emissions! ultimately reducing fuel burned at the power plant Reducing power demand and losses Lowering power conversion losses Will reduce cooling needs Reducing server power requirements

Delivered Electricity

13 Sunday, 10 March 2013

Energy Efficiency Opportunities

Cooling Server On-site generationLoad/ Equipment Computing CHP applications Operations Waste heat for cooling Use of renewable energy Load management Fuel cells Better air management distribution Server innovation High voltage Move to liquid cooling Use of DC power Optimized chilled-water plants Highly efficient UPS systems Alternative Use of free cooling Efficient redundancy strategies Power Power Conversion & Distribution Generation

14 Sunday, 10 March 2013

Thin Client Training Lab

Standard PC Thin Client

Server UPS Meter

Server UPS Meter

Sunday, 10 March 2013

15

140 120 100 System Idle

PC Power Only
Monitors Off

Power (W)

Start Hibernation Screen Saver On Start Standby Mode

80 60 40 20 0 16:00:29 16:02:30 16:04:31 16:06:32 16:08:33 16:10:34 16:12:35 16:14:36

Full Hibernatio n Mode

Time (hr:min:sec)
Sunday, 10 March 2013 16

180 160 140

PC with Single LCD Monitor

Syste m Idle Screen Saver On Start Standby Mode

Power (W)

120 100 Monitor s Off

80
60 40 20 0 15:00:00 15:02:01 15:04:02 15:06:03 15:08:04 15:10:05 15:12:06 15:14:07

Full Hibernatio n Mode Start Hibernation

Time (hr:min:sec)
Sunday, 10 March 2013 17

PC with Single CRT Monitor

250 System Idle Screen Saver On 200 Monitors Off

Power (W)

150

100 Full Hibernatio n Mode

50

Start Standby Mode

11:58:16 12:02:18

0 11:54:14

Start Hibernation 12:06:20

12:10:22

12:14:24

Time (hr:min:sec)
Sunday, 10 March 2013 18

350 300 250

PC with Dual CRT Monitors

System Idle Screen Saver On Monitors Off

Power (W)

200 150 100 50 Start Standby Mode Full Hibernatio n Mode

Start 0 Hibernation 10:52:34 10:54:35 10:56:36 10:58:37 11:00:38 11:02:39 11:04:40 11:06:41

Time (hr:min:sec)
Sunday, 10 March 2013 19

Thin-Client Cluster Monitoring

Sunday, 10 March 2013

20

Thin Client Testing

Tested two exciting new Architectures

Cloud Computing Model Managed desktop, reboot to restore, hosted model ~70% energy reduction, 25% installed cost reduction
X550 Five head Graphics Adapter style Standard Windows PC architecture\ Transparent to user ~70% energy reduction, 60% installed cost reduction

Sunday, 10 March 2013

Both Solar power compatible

21

IT Metering/Energy Productivity

Sunday, 10 March 2013

22

Energy Productivity
Power vs. CPU Utilization
180 160 140 120 100 80 60 40 20 0 0 20 40 60 80 100
01:26.4 00:00.0 0 20 40 60 80 100 11:31.2 10:04.8

CPU cycles vs CPU Utilization

CPU Cycle Count

Power (Watts)

08:38.4 07:12.0 05:45.6 04:19.2 02:52.8

CPU Utilization (%)

CPU Utilization

Energy USe vs. Cycle Count

16

Energy (Watt Hours)

14 12 10 8 6 4 2 0 00:00.0 02:52.8 05:45.6 08:38.4 11:31.2

16 14 12 10 8 6 4 2 0 00:01.9 idle 03:51.1 benchmark 03:29.4 apps 04:55.6 50 09:51.0 100

CPU Cycle Count

Sunday, 10 March 2013

Energy (Watt Hours)

23

Energy Use by Application

Application Energy Use (Watt-hours)
1.04 1.67 5.43 0.12 0.34
cpuSucker RpcSandraSrv Visual Studio ccApp Norton explorer Background

9.11

Average Utilization (44.98%)

35.43

Sunday, 10 March 2013

24

Green Grid Computer

Supercomputer Cluster up!

WSU paid for fiber connection between

WSU and GITA GITA bought additional switch gear to create grid cluster WSU Added nodes with user demand

Future Directions
Add long-haul connections between other

campuses and PNNL Add advanced architectures

Sunday, 10 March 2013 25

Green Grid Cluster

Sunday, 10 March 2013

26

Expanded Cluster

Sunday, 10 March 2013

27

Thin Client Training Lab

Standard PC Thin Client

Server UPS Meter

Server UPS Meter

Sunday, 10 March 2013

28

Renewable Energy Powered Enterprise IT Concepts

Use Renewable Energy as part of mission critical power infrastructure for Enterprise IT Networks
Test Grid-Tie Systems with Battery Back-

up to act as the UPS/Back-Up Generation for Enterprise IT Infrastructure Test Thin-Client Architectures with DC Distribution and Battery Back-UP

Sunday, 10 March 2013

29

Project Objectives

Solar/Wind Project
Install Real Time Weather Monitoring Wind Speed, Direction, Incident Solar Radiation, Temperature, Humidity, Pressure, etc.
Install All Solar and Wind System Compare Power Distribution Architectures Integrate Smart Grid Technology Create Test Lab for Technical/Economic Assessment Conduct Education/Outreach and Business Development Power Data Center/Plug-In Vehicle Charging

Sunday, 10 March 2013

30

Renewable Energy Project

Renewable Energy Remote Site Grid Transmission

High Voltage Transmission

~ ~

DC/AC

Building Conversion and Distribution

208V or 120V

UPS 480V 3 AC/DC DC/AC 480V 3

PDU

Power Supply DC/DC AC/DC DC/DC DC/DC

DC Energy Store Server

DC/DC

DC/DC

Sunday, 10 March 2013

31

Renewable Energy Project

UPS 480V 3 AC/DC DC/AC 480V 3

PDU

208V or 120V

Power Supply DC/DC AC/DC DC/DC DC/DC

DC Energy Store Server

DC/DC

DC/DC

Traditional Installation ~ $11,000/Server Installation Cost

Cut out 5 conversion steps, should improve efficiency by 50% or more

Proposed Installation ~ $6,700/Server Installation Cost*
Sunday, 10 March 2013 32

Architecture Option
Server Cluster Direct Coupled to Renewable Energy Using Existing Power Distribution Infrastructure
Solar Generator Grid Smart Strip Feed A
text text text text

120 V AC

UPS Power Supply A

text text text

150 VDC to 380 VDC Power Supply B Smart Strip Feed B

Smart Strips are software controlled to perform maximum power point tracking (MPPT) by switching load between AC and DC sources.

Server Cluster

Smart Strips are software controlled to divert excess power to a bank of batteries. The servers can draw from the batteries when solar production decreases.

Battery Bank

Sunday, 10 March 2013

33

Input Power (W)

100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500 50 0

Preliminary Results

Sunday, 10 March 2013

192.04

Server 1 with both Power Supplies on AC

DC Power (W)

Server 1 AC Power (W)

Server 2 AC Power (W)

172.62

Server 1 with one Power Supply on AC

114.82

73.86

Server 1 with one Power Supply on DC and one Power Supply on AC

162.39

One Server with one Power Supply on DC

172.161

214.896

Two Servers, Each with one AC Feed

112.792

83.368

248.54

Two Servers, Each with one Power Supply on AC and one on DC

303.03

112.7

Two Servers, One with Single DC feed and one with AC and DC Input

34

Preliminary Results
Testing

Direct Server Coupling

~2-3% Efficiency Gain ~50% Installation Cost Reduction

Testing

UPS DC Operating Characteristics/Efficiency

Project Updates

Solar Project Progress

Procured 54 Solar Panels, Outback Inverter, Battery Backup System Tested three architectures new architectures

Direct Server Coupling at high voltage Low voltage distribution for client terminals Grid-tie with battery back-up installed as Server rack UPS

Installation Underway

Issues/Risks

Code compliance for new architectures/UL Certification of designs, new components

Sunday, 10 March 2013

36

Traditional Architecture
UPS Standard PC Clients

Sunday, 10 March 2013

37

Grid-Tie Solar as IT UPS

Grid-Tie Inverter

Charge Controller

Battery Back-Up

Sunday, 10 March 2013

38

DC Thin Client Architecture

4 to 8 times Less Power than Standard PCs

Grid-Tie Inverter Charger

Charge Controller
Battery Back-Up

Sunday, 10 March 2013

39

Solar PC Cluster
250

UPS AC Power Draw (W)

Battery disconnected from UPS charging system. 16 W draw is UPS 200 parasitic power draw. DC Computer run off of UPS battery

PV Disconnected UPS Disconnected from AC Source, Both Cumputers Running Off Battery and PV

150
AC computer turn on to boot up

100

PV Panels Connected AC and DC systems separated Fluctuations due to passing clouds AC and DC systems separated

50

Both cumputers running on AC and PV/battery in parallel

0 11:22:34

11:29:46

11:36:58

11:44:10

11:51:22

11:58:34

12:05:46

12:12:58

Time (hr:min)
Sunday, 10 March 2013 40

Solar Installation

Sunday, 10 March 2013

41

Metered Charging

Sunday, 10 March 2013

42

Advanced Liquid Cooling

The use of liquid cooling of servers enables reductions in power by rejecting heat directly outside into ornamental cooling ponds, or the re-use of heat for office heating in the winter.

Sunday, 10 March 2013

43

Ornamental Cooling Ponds

Traditional Approach

Replace Tower with Pond, in Summer. In Winter, re-use Heat for Office Spaces

Sunday, 10 March 2013

44

Ornamental Cooling Pond

Sunday, 10 March 2013

45

Server Heat Re-Use

Water Line

HEAT

Sunday, 10 March 2013

46

Wind Power

Sunday, 10 March 2013

47

Weather Monitoring and Data Collection

Sunday, 10 March 2013

48

Living Roof

Sunday, 10 March 2013

49

Interpretive Walk Restoration

Self Contained Solar Power Kiosk

Sunday, 10 March 2013

50

Green Wireless
Rural Broadband Wireless Access/Subscriber Computing
Partners Green IT Alliance - Integration, Power Testing Galexis Technologies - Wireless System Design/Integration/Service First Step Internet - ISP Safedesk - Low Power Computer Platform
Sunday, 10 March 2013 51

Interpretive Walk Restoration

Solar Powered Irrigation System

Sunday, 10 March 2013 52

Conclusions

Green IT
IT is a major power consumer
A significant percentage of the power is

wasted Opportunities exist to dramtically improve IT energy efficiency IT can be a very beneficial part of the Green movement

Sunday, 10 March 2013

53