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Malcolm Baldrige era Secretario de Comercio de los Estados Unidos de 1981 hasta su muerte en julio de 1987. Baldrige era un defensor de la administracin de la calidad como una clave para la prosperidad y fortaleza a largo plazo de su pas. l tom un inters personal en la redaccin de un Acta de la mejora de la calidad y ayud en el borrador de una de las primeras versiones. En reconocimiento a sus contribuciones, el Congreso de E.U. denomin el Premio Nacional de Calidad en su honor.
El Premio Baldrige es dado por el Presidente de los Estados Unidos desde 1987 a negocios de manufactura, negocios de servicios, pequeos negocios, y desde 1999, a organizaciones educativas y de cuidado de la salud que aplican una evaluacin, donde se juzga si son sobresalientes en 7 reas: Liderazgo. Planeacin estratgica. Enfoque al cliente y al mercado. Medicin, anlisis y administracin del conocimiento. Enfoque al recurso humano. Administracin del proceso. Resultados. El premio reconocer a las organizaciones de E.U. por sus logros en la calidad y el desempeo y en elevar la conciencia acerca de la importancia de la calidad y el desarrollo de la excelencia como un aspecto competitivo.
Para muchas organizaciones, usar los criterios tiene como resultado mejores relaciones con sus empleados, ms alta productividad, mayor satisfaccin del cliente, incremento del mercado y mejora de las utilidades.
CRITERIOS DEL PREMIO MALCOLM BALDRIGE Los criterios de la excelencia del Premio Baldrige son un marco de referencia que cualquier organizacin puede usar para mejorar su desempeo en forma total. The Leadership Category examines HOW your organizations SENIOR LEADERS guide and sustain your organization. Also examined are your organizations GOVERNANCE and HOW your organization addresses its ethical, legal, and community responsibilities. The Strategic Planning Category examines HOW your organization develops STRATEGIC OBJECTIVES and ACTION PLANS. Also examined are HOW your chosen STRATEGIC OBJECTIVES and ACTION PLANS are deployed and changed if circumstances require, and HOW progress is measured. The Customer and Market Focus Category examines HOW your organization determines the requirements, needs, expectations, and preferences of CUSTOMERS and markets. Also examined is HOW your organization builds relationships with CUSTOMERS and determines the KEY factors that lead to CUSTOMER acquisition, satisfaction, loyalty, and retention and to business expansion and SUSTAINABILITY.
The Measurement, Analysis, and Knowledge Management Category examines HOW your organization selects, gathers, analyzes, manages, and improves its data, information, and KNOWLEDGE ASSETS. Also examined is HOW your organization reviews its PERFORMANCE. The Human Resource Focus Category examines HOW your organizations WORK SYSTEMS and your EMPLOYEE LEARNING and motivation enable all EMPLOYEES to develop and utilize their full potential in ALIGNMENT with your organizations overall objectives, strategy, and ACTION PLANS. Also examined are your organizations efforts to build and maintain a work environment and EMPLOYEE support climate conducive to PERFORMANCE EXCELLENCE and to personal and organizational growth. The Process Management Category examines the KEY aspects of your organizations PROCESS management, including KEY product, service, and organizational PROCESSES for creating CUSTOMER and organizational VALUE and KEY support PROCESSES. This Category encompasses all KEY PROCESSES and all work units. The Results Category examines your organizations PERFORMANCE and improvement in all KEY areasproduct and service outcomes, CUSTOMER satisfaction, financial and marketplace PERFORMANCE, human resource outcomes, operational PERFORMANCE, and leadership and social responsibility. PERFORMANCE LEVELS are examined relative to those of competitors and other organizations providing similar products and services.
The Malcolm Baldrige National Quality Award The Award crystal, composed of two solid crystal prismatic forms, stands 14 inches tall. The crystal is held in a base of black anodized aluminum with the Award recipients name engraved on the base. A 22-karat goldplated medallion is captured in the front section of the crystal. The medal bears the inscriptions Malcolm Baldrige National Quality Award and The Quest for Excellence on one side and the Presidential Seal on the other.
El Premio Deming se instituy en 1950 por la JUSE (Unin de Cientficos e Ingenieros Japoneses). Este premio se estableci en conmemoracin de los distinguidos servicios del Dr. W. Edwards Deming. El premio es administrado por la JUSE. JUSE fue creada en 1946 y en 1962 se consolid bajo la jurisdiccin de la Agencia de Ciencia y Tecnologa del Gobierno japons, para adaptarse al rpido avance de la sociedad. Hoy en da JUSE es ampliamente conocida dentro y fuera del pas como el "Centro de Gestin de Calidad en Japn" Este centro intercambia informacin con 270 instituciones y asociaciones ubicadas en 60 pases. Asimismo, facilita el intercambio de experiencias entre empresas japonesas y extranjeras.
Deming Prize
The Deming Application Prize. Given to companies or divisions of companies that have achieved distinctive performance improvement through the application of TQM in a designated year. Regardless of the types of industries, any organization can apply for the Prize, be it public or private, large or small, or domestic or overseas. Provided that a division of a company manages its business autonomously, the division may apply for the Prize separately from the company. There is no limit to the number of potential recipients of the Prize each year. All organizations that score the passing points or higher upon examination will be awarded the Deming Application Prize. The Deming Prize for Individuals. Given to individuals who have made outstanding contributions to the study of TQM or statistical methods used for TQM, or individuals who have made outstanding contributions in the dissemination of TQM. The Quality Control Award for Operations Business Units. Given to operations business units of a company that have achieved distinctive performance improvement through the application of quality control/management in the pursuit of TQM in a designated year.
Eligibility for the Prize The Deming Application Prize is given to an applicant company that effectively practices TQM suitable to its management principles, type of industry, and business scope. More specifically, the following viewpoints are used for the examination to determine whether or not the applicant should be awarded the Prize. 1.- Reflecting its management principles, type of industry, business scope, and business environment, the applicant has established challenging and customeroriented business objectives and strategies under its clear management leadership. 2.- TQM has been implemented properly to achieve business objectives and strategies as mentioned Item 1 above.
3.- As an outcome of Item 2, the outstanding results have been obtained for business objectives and strategies as stated in Item 1.
Evaluation Criteria Evaluation criteria consist of basic categories, unique activities and roles of top management.
Unique Activities Refer to the companys core quality related activities for its development that it focuses on, employs unique ideas to and achieves the favorable results from. The following lists some examples: Top management vision, business strategies and leadership. Creation of values for the customers. Remarkable improvement of organizational performance Establishment of the companys management foundations. Roles of top management As executives play such important roles in promoting TQM, the executive session intends to investigate (evaluate) their understanding, enthusiasm, establishing and deploying policies and reviewing activities through questions and answers in an informal manner. The following points are included:
1) Understanding of and enthusiasm toward TQM 2) Insights into top management leadership, visions, strategic policies and environmental changes 3) Organizational strength (maintenance and strengthening core technology, speed and vitality) 4) Employee development 5) Organization's social responsibilities
El Premio Deming: Ms orientado a procesos. La administracin de procesos se compone de varias categoras. Toma varios aos ser elegible para competir. Los criterios son algo restrictivos en reas de control estadstico y de calidad. Considera que la satisfaccin del cliente fluir del control del proceso.
Las mayores diferencias entre el Premio Malcolm Baldrige y el Premio Deming se resumen abajo:
Premio Deming
Orientado a resultados y logros Enfoque y despliegue comparten 55% del puntaje. Administracin del proceso es slo un criterio con un 10% de peso.
Orientado al proceso cuestiona en mayor profundiad en polticas, intencin, entendimiento, organizacin, claridad, mtodos, estandarizacin, mantenimiento, congruencia,determinaciones. La administracin del proceso est compuesto de varias categoras estandarzacin, aseguramiento de calidad, mantenimiento. El premio Deming dirige el liderazgo separadamente como una lista de verificacin total (mucho ms en profundidad mirando al liderazgo para incluir su profundo entendimiento). El premio Deming no dirige el enfoque al cliente separadamente (trata al cliente como una consideracin incluida).
El criterio para entrada a elegibilidad no es estricto. Los criterio no son restrictivos por diseo.
Toma varios aos llegar a ser elegible para la competencia (necesita ganar un rito de pasaje). El criterio es algo restrictivo en reas de estadstica y control de calidad.
Los resultados contra la Orientacin del Proceso Orientacin a resultados (Baldrige) Los resultados del negocio son cruciales. Las comparaciones competitivas son requeridas para resultados. Orientacin al proceso (Deming) El control de procesos produce resultados. Las polticas y la conformidad con estndares son clave.
Grado de Prescripcin
Prescriptivo (Deming) No prescriptivo (Baldrige)