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Objectives
Describe LTE development and features Outline LTE network architecture Explain LTE key technologies Describe LTE protocol and channel Describe LTE deployment
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Contents
1. LTE System Overview 2. LTE Key Technologies 3. LTE Protocol and Channels 4. LTE Deployment
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Contents
1. LTE System Overview 2. LTE Key Technologies 3. LTE Protocol and Channels 4. LTE Deployment
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Contents
1. LTE System Overview
1.1 LTE Development 1.2 LTE Network Architecture 1.3 LTE Operating Bands and Channel Bandwidths
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LTE in R8
~100 ms DL: ~14.4Mbps UL: ~5.76Mbps DL: ~42Mbps UL: ~11Mbps
HSPA+ in R7/R8
HSPA in R5/R6
~70 ms DL: ~384Kbps UL: ~384Kbps ~45 ms DL: ~144-360Kbps UL: ~144-360Kbps
3G-WCDMA in R99/R4
~20ms
GPRS/EDGE
Year 2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012 or later
LTE is the next step in the evolution of 3GPP Radio Interfaces to deliver Global Mobile Broadband.
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There are at least three major key drivers for LTE mobile broadband networks:
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Contents
1. LTE System Overview
1.1 LTE Development 1.2 LTE Network Architecture 1.3 LTE Operating Bands and Channel Bandwidths
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GPRS
BTS
BSC/PCU
Iu S3 S6d S6a
HSS
PCRF
S9
S10
UMTS
NodeB
RNC
S1-MME
MME
S12 S11
S4 Gx S5/8
E-UTRAN
S1-U
SGi
Internet
eNodeB
A10/A11
Serving GW
S2a
PDN GW
cdma2000
BTS
BSC
PDSN
Corporate Internet
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Contents
1. LTE System Overview
1.1 LTE Development 1.2 LTE Network Architecture 1.3 LTE Operating Bands and Channel Bandwidths
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LTE supports both FDD mode and TDD mode. 3GPP defines many bands for LTE.
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LTE must support the international wireless market and regional spectrum regulations and spectrum availability. To this end the specifications include variable channel bandwidths selectable from 1.4 to 20 MHz, with subcarrier spacing of 15 kHz.
Channel bandwidth BWChannel [MHz] Transmission bandwidth configuration NRB 1.4 6 3 15 5 25 10 50 15 75 20 100
Contents
1. LTE System Overview 2. LTE Key Technologies 3. LTE Protocol and Channels 4. LTE Deployment
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OFDMA: Orthogonal frequency division multiple access SC-FDMA: Single carrier-frequency division multiple access
64QAM
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OFDMA is used as multiple access technology in downlink. OFDMA is a variant of orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM), a digital multi-carrier modulation scheme.
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s(t)
S/P Transmitter
IFFT
P/S
Channel Receiver
r(t) n(t)
P/S
FFT
S/P
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The high peak-to-average ratio (PAR) associated with OFDM led 3GPP to look for a different transmission scheme for the LTE uplink. SC-FDMA is used in uplink as multiple access technology.
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Overview of MIMO
Transmitter
Wireless Channel
Receiver
M
Channel Condition Feedback
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Transmitter
Wireless Channel
Receiver
Data Stream 2
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In downlink LTE can use 2*2 or higher order MIMO to increase date rate.
With MU-MIMO the uplink peak data rate of single user can not be doubled.
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the radio-link data rate is controlled by adjusting the modulation scheme and/or the channel coding rate
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Contents
1. LTE System Overview 2. LTE Key Technologies 3. LTE Protocol and Channels 4. LTE Deployment
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Contents
3. LTE Protocol Stacks and Channels
3.1 LTE Protocol Stacks 3.2 LTE Channels 3.3 LTE Radio Frame
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DL
Physical Broadcast Channel (PBCH) Physical Control Format Indicator Channel (PCFICH) Physical Downlink Control Channel (PDCCH) Physical Hybrid ARQ Indicator Channel (PHICH) Physical Downlink Shared Channel (PDSCH) Physical Multicast Channel (PMCH)
UL
Physical Uplink Control Channel (PUCCH) Physical Uplink Shared Channel (PUSCH) Physical Random Access Channel (PRACH)
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Physical layer transport channels offer information transfer to medium access control (MAC) and higher layers
DL
Broadcast Channel (BCH) Downlink Shared Channel (DL-SCH) Paging Channel (PCH)
UL
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Logical channels are offered by the MAC layer Control Channels: Control-plane information
Broadcast Control Channel (BCCH) Paging Control Channel (PCCH) Dedicated Control Channel (DCCH) Multicast Control Channel (MCCH Dedicated Control Channel) Common Control Channel (CCCH)
Dedicated Traffic Channel (DTCH): transmission of all uplink and nonMBMS downlink user data Multicast Traffic Channel (MTCH): transmission of MBMS services
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Channel Mappings
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Frame Structure
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Resource Grid
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Bandwidth Configuration
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Contents
1. LTE System Overview 2. LTE Key Technologies 3. LTE Protocol and Channels 4. LTE Deployment
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FE/GE RNC/BSC
FE/GE o/e
IP/Ethernet Network
Legacy 2G/3G
eNB FE/GE
FE/GE
eN B FE/GE
BTS/Node B
eNB FE/GE
FE/GE
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2
BBU
uniNodeB
3
Platform
GSM/TD-SCDMA/WCDMA/CDMA/LTE Unified All-IP Base Station Architecture Using BBU plus RRU and RFU leads to a flexible configuration for Distributed and Macro. Modularization Supports Different Modes
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Modularization
Multimode
Software upgrade
RRU
Adding LTE RRU
GSM/HSPA(+)/LTE RRU
LTE RRU
BBU
Same band
LTE RFU
LTE Card
Radio units for GSM/UMTS and LTE are inter-changeable in the same frequency band Baseband boards in multi-mode BBU are inter-changeable between GSM/UMTS and LTE
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UMTS/HSPA rollout
GSM&UMTS operator UMTS roll out will reduce GSM U U U G GG expansion + + + SSS investment at H H H MMM hot spot
UMTS/HSPA + GSM
G GG L L L SSS T TT MMM E E E
LTE
Operator issue New business ALL IP service
GSM update/rollout
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Summary
Standardization in the form of 3GPP Release 8 Support for both FDD and TDD.
ARQ within RLC sublayer and Hybrid ARQ within MAC sublayer
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http://www.3gpp.org/ftp/Specs/archive/36_series/
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Thank you
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