Management Information System

Recommended Books: Management Information Systems (Strategy and Action) 2nd Edition by Charles Parker Management Information Systems (Managing Information Technology in the E-Commerce Enterprise 5th Edition by James A. O Brien Management Information Systems for the Information Age 3rd Edition by Haag, Cummings, McCubbrey www.google.com

Management

Management is the process of designing & maintaining an environment in which an individual work together in a group efficiently and effectively and achieve their selected goals/objectives. The process of Planning, Organizing, leading and Controlling work activities so that they are completed efficiently and effectively with and through other people.

Efficiency
Getting the most output from the least amount of input

Effectiveness
Completing activities so that organizational goals are attained

Information
Data: Collection of raw facts and figures is called data. For example when you fill out a form it is
considered raw material or unprocessed facts (data) it is then used to maintain a record and create information.

Information: Processed data in called information. Data are filtered through one or more processors so that they take on both meaning and value to a person, they become information. People use to make decision

Data are. Stored facts Inactive Technology based Gathered from various Sources

Information is. Presented facts Active Business based Transformed from data

Data

Information

Manager

Decision

System
System is a set of interrelated elements which works together to achieve a selected goals/objectives.

Management Information System

A system designed by an organization to collect and report information on a program, and which allows managers to plan, monitor, and evaluate the results.

MIS (cont.)
MIS to be any system that provides people with either data or information relating to an organizations operations. MIS support the activities of employees, owners, customers, and other key people in the organizations environment either by efficiently processing data to assist with the transaction work load or by effectively supplying information to authorized people in a timely manner

MIS Subsystems
Management Information Systems (MIS) Management Reporting Systems (MRS)

Transaction Processing Systems (TPS)

Decision Support Systems (DSS)

Office Information Systems (OIS)

1. Transaction Processing Systems

TPS is the routine, day-to-day accounting
operations
e.g. TPS of a department store can record customer purchases, prepare billings to customers and order merchandise from suppliers. e.g. TPS of university, tasks as enrolling students courses, billing students for tuition Include accounts receivable, accounts payable, inventory control, and many other operations.

2. Management Reporting System

MRS generates the preplanned printed reports for decision making purposes. MRS provides predefined types of information to management, the main output of the MRS is hardcopy summary MRS = IRS (Information Reporting System) e.g. continuously scrolled displays at airport showing arrivals and departures of planes e.g. brokerage houses showing changes in stock prices

3. Decision Support Systems

DSS as a system that provides tools to mangers to assist them in solving structured, semi-structured and unstructured problems in their own way. GDSS: that support the activities and decision making of entire work teams, rather than just individuals.

4. Office Information Systems

OIS include the use of such computer based, office oriented technologies as word processing, desktop publishing, electronic mail, video teleconferencing and so on.

Information Resource Management

IRM: a concept that recognizes information as a key resource that should be properly managed. e.g. the business field of organizational behavior and HRM are based on the recognition of an organizations employees as key assets.

Information Technology Fundamentals

Components of Computer Based information System Hardware Software Data Procedures People

Processor Unit

Control Unit

Input Device

Arithmetic/ Logic Unit

Output Devices

Primary Memory

Secondary Storage Devices

Batch vs. Real-Time Processing

Batch Processing: Systems have been around for the longest time and represent one of the least expensive ways to update. In these system, transactions are collected, or batched, and periodically processed against a master file. e.g. Banks collect records of customer deposits made throughout the day and batch these nightly against the master file of account balances.

Real-Time Processing: with real-time processing, updates are made to files or databases as soon as they take place. e.g. airlines passenger reservations systems. As soon as a seat is sold on a flight, for instance, the flights remaining seat count is updated immediately so that all agents using the system will know exactly how many seats are left on the flight.