A.

Leibowitz SSA 4/26/00

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Environmental Health and Safety
Metrics
Performance Indices for the Future
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Metrics Purpose
Evaluation and control of dynamic
systems.
Graphical representation of non-intuitive
data
Management/customer communication
Speak their language
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What Gets Measured
Gets Managed
- business mantra
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Metrics Description and
Definitions
How are metrics used by other functional
areas?
Operations planning
Strategic planning
Quality control
Personnel compliance
Product pricing
Market evaluation
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Data Collection
Sources of Information
Department Data Examples Use
Accounting Sales, budgets Normalization of data,
evaluation of resource
allocations
EHS Sampling results, notices
of violation
Compliance
documentation, program
administration
Maintenance Equipment maintenance
logs, contractor training,
energy usage
Accident investigation,
evaluation of conservation
efforts
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Data Collection
Sources of Information (cont.)
Department Data Examples Use
Medical Injuries, training attendees Accident and regulatory
compliance analysis
Operations Departmental audit
summaries, manufacturing
costs, management goals
Policy deployment review,
total costs of accidents
Personnel Total number of employees,
hourly/salaried,
departmental/trade
breakdowns, lost time
Normalization of data,
identification of trade or
departmental trends
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Data Collection
Collection Methods
Direct Measurement
Data Logging
Field Monitoring
Surveys
Data Collection Forms
Public/Private Databases
Document Repositories
Agency
Internal
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Data Collection
Collection Form
Data Jan Feb Mar Apr May
Injury/illness cases
Days away from work Cases
Total Days away from work
Average # of Employees
Employee Hours
Fires or Other Damage(>$1K)
Reportable Releases
Amount Released ( lb.)
EHS Agency Visits
Non Compliance Notices
Fines (US $)
Open Action Items
Delinquent Action Items
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Data Collection
Collection Form (cont.)
Data Jan Feb Mar Apr May
Complete On Time Items
Purchased Chemicals (lb.)
Haz.Waste Disposal Cost ($)
Haz. Waste Disposal Amt. (lb.)
Nonhaz. Waste Disp. Cost ($)
Nonhaz. Waste Disp. Amt. (lb.)
Recycled Material (lb.)
Electricity (KWH)
Natural Gas (ft
3
)
Fuel Oil (Gallons)
Water (Gallons)
Sales (US$)
Local Metrics (IE. First aid)
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Data Collection
Internet Sources
EPA Center for Environmental Statistics
http://www.epa.gov/ces/
Air Quality
Water Quality
Waste Management
Pesticide Use and Management
Production and Use of Toxic Substances
Emergency Response and Remediation
Chemical Emergency Prevention and Preparedness
Underground Storage Tanks
Environmental Indicators
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Data Collection
Internet Sources (cont.)
The Bureau of Labor Statistics
http://stats.bls.gov/oshhome.htm
Census of Fatal Occupational Injuries
Occupational Injuries and Illnesses (Annual)
Occupational Injuries and Illnesses by Selected
Characteristics
Health Care Expenditures (Annual)
Case and Demographic Information - Nonfatal
Industry Incidents Information - Nonfatal
Occupational Injury and Illness Classification Manual
National Compensation Survey
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Data Collection
Data Validation
Manual/Electronic Calculation
Check Formulas/Algorithms
Evaluation of Alternate Information
Sources
Parallel Collection
Evaluate Data Assumptions
Sublevel Elements
Definitions
Units of Measure
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EHS Metrics
General
Safety Metrics - the standard
Environmental Metrics -a growing
assortment
Industrial Hygiene Metrics - Limited
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EHS Metrics
General
Inspections
Records Maintenance
Budget Status
Action Item Status
Notices of Violation
Outside Agency Interaction
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EHS Metrics
General (cont.)
Training
Disciplinary Action
Departmental Goals Established
Management Participation/Performance
Measurement
Audits
Legal Costs
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EHS Metrics
Normalization Data
Population (direct, indirect, field,
temporary)
Hours Worked (regular, overtime)
Sales (fixed accounting)
Articles Produced
Degree Days
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Safety Metrics
Basics
First Aid Cases
Recordable Injuries/Illnesses
Lost and Restricted Days
Worker's Compensation Costs
Property Losses
Regulatory fines
Catastrophic events
Root Cause Analyses
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Safety Metrics (cont.)
Job Safety Analyses
Near Misses
Safety Meetings Conducted
Attendance at Safety Meetings
Cascade Instructors Trained
Test Scores
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Safety Metrics (cont.)
Work Orders Written/Completed
Number of Employee Raised Safety
Issues
Ergonomic Concerns
Identified/Corrected
Incident Reporting Efficiency
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Environmental Metrics
Basics
Reportable Releases
Chemical Purchases
Chemical Disposal
Permit Compliance
Energy Use
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Environmental Metrics (cont.)
Monitoring Completion
Risk Assessments Completed
Control Equipment Efficiency
Treatment plants, scrubbers etc.
System Availability
Frequency of upsets, repair delays
Drinking Water Testing
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Environmental Metrics (cont.)
Emergency Response
Plans, response time
Permit Preparation
Timely, Accurate
Regulatory Impact Analyses
Waste Minimization Programs
TSDF Audits
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Industrial Hygiene Metrics
Hazard Assessments
MSDS
Availability, Training
Monitoring Procedures
Calibration, media selection, documentation
Physical Agents
Noise, Radiation
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Industrial Hygiene Metrics
(cont.)
Biological Monitoring
Air Contaminants
Personal Protective Equipment
Use, training, selection
Corrective Actions
Employee Notifications
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Example Formulas
Incidence Rate
the number of injuries and illnesses per 100
full-time workers and were calculated as:
(N/EH) x 200,000
where N = number of injuries and illnesses EH = total hours
worked by all employees during the calendar year 200,000 =
base for 100 equivalent full-time workers (working 40 hours per
week, 50 weeks per year).
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Example Formulas (cont.)
|njury Frequency (|F} = ((A+} x 100}|0
A = lrjury/ l||ress Cases
8 = 0ays AWay Fror wor| Cases
0 = Average Nuroer ol Erp|oyees |r |re per|od
12 - Honth Runn|ng Average:
|F
R
= 8um ((A+}
1
.... (A+}
12
} X 100
8um (0
1
.... 0
12
}
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Rolling Average Chart
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
1s t Qt r 2nd Qt r 3rd Qt r 4t h Qt r
Rolling Avg.
Quart er
Goal
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Example Formulas (cont.)
|njury 8ever|ty (|8} = C x 100
0
C = Los| wor| 0ays
0 = Average Nuroer ol Erp|oyees |r |re Per|od
Average 0ays Crarged = C/ 8
C = Los| wor| 0ays
8 = 0ays AWay Fror wor| Cases
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Example Formulas (cont.)
0uant|ty of waste (0w} = 0+8
Y
0 = |azardous was|e 0|sposa| Arour|
3 = Nor-razardous was|e 0|sposa| Arour|
Y = Norra||za||or Fac|or
Vo|ume of Hater|a|s of 6oncern (VH6} = H
Y
V = Va|er|a|s ol Corcerr Purcrased or used
Y = Norra||za||or Fac|or
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Metrics Examples
Display and Interpretation
Injury Frequency Index
0.00
0.05
0.10
0.15
0.20
0.25
0.30
0.35
0.40
0.45
J
A
N
F
E
B
M
A
R
A
P
R
M
A
Y
J
U
N
J
U
L
A
U
G
S
E
P
O
C
T
N
O
V
D
E
C
1997
0.00
1.00
2.00
3.00
4.00
5.00
6.00
1995 1996 YTD.
GOAL
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Metrics Examples
Display and Interpretation
Waste Disposal Costs
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
900
1, 000
1993 1994 1995 1996*
K

D
o
l
l
a
r
s
Unit A
Unit B
Unit C
Unit D
Unit E
Tot al
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Metrics Examples
Display and Interpretation
Waste Disposal Costs
0
200
400
600
800
1,000
1993 1994 1995 1996*
K
$
Uni t E
Uni t D
Uni t C
Uni t B
Uni t A
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Metrics Examples
Display and Interpretation
1998 Waste Disposal Costs
Scrubber
15%
Remediati on
48%
Etchi ng
10%
Plati ng
13%
Wastewater
14%
Other
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Metrics Examples
Display and Interpretation
CHEMICAL REDUCTION
0
100
200
300
400
1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993
YEAR
T
H
O
U
S
A
N
D

P
O
U
N
D
S
Nitric
Acid
HCl
H2SO4
Copper
NaOH
Freon
1,1,1-TCA
Chlorine
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Metrics Examples
Display and Interpretation
1997 - $19.4 Billion
14.2%
21.5%
11.4%
8.1%
16.1%
1999 - $22.0 Billion
13.7%
23.0%
9.1%
7.7%
16.0%
Nat ural Gas
Oil
Electric
Water
Solar
-10%
-5%
0%
5%
10%
15%
N
a
t
u
r
a
l

G
a
s
O
i
l
E
l
e
c
t
r
i
c
W
a
t
e
r
S
o
l
a
r
A
t
o
m
i
c
Growth by Segment (%)
1996 1997 1998 1999
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Misuse of Metrics
Comparison of data prepared using
different criteria
Assumption of trends
Assumption of relationships
Extrapolation (logic flaws)
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Innovative Ideas and Future
Uses of Metrics
Life Cycle Costs
Cost Avoidance
Employee Participation
Supervisor Participation
Inter/Intranets
Real Time Data Display