KenyaGAP

Addressing Small Scale Needs Within GLOBALG.A.P.

Dr Stephen Mbithi CEO, Fresh Produce Exporters Association of Kenya

(FPEAK) info@fpeak.org gsm +254 722 716956 GlobalGap conference -17 Oct 08 Koln

KenyaGAP-the Standard

Originated as FPEAK Code of Practice

existed for more than 12 years/ self regulation

Benchmarked to EUREPGAP in August 2007

Re- benchmarking now to GLOBALGAP

Innovative aspects included,

No Change to GLOBALGAP fundamentals

Enhanced aspects (beyond Globalgap scope) e.g. social chapter (CSR/HEBI aspects)

Implementation:

FPEAK organizes training/group or individual farmers capacity building Independent third Party audits No Duplication: GlobalGAP and KenyaGAP certification in parallel info@fpeak.org

Kenyan Horticulture at Glance

Total sector: about 2bn US$ value

Domestic and exports each about 1bn USD (2007 figures)

1.5 mil farmers total, 4.5 mil people dependent (direct and indirect)

About 150 000 farmers in export horticulture Small, medium, large and groups Flowers 55% value, and fruits and veges 45% Basis for small-scale compliance to KenyaGAP

240 exporters,

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Standards- the basis for Trade

Standards are passport to trade

They are necessary, in local and domestic markets

kenyaGAP now contracted by Domestic Supermarket to implement standards on fruits and veges Without it, small scale would be out of international trade
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They are the Basis for BULKING,

The Small Scale- Export Challenge

Organized Efficient

Centralization and uniformization necessary

For economies of scale, and for Standards
Not producing then seeking markets, but the market organizes production

Large-Scale-small-scale cooperation

Or independent groups Main Difference in large, the players are called workers, and in small, they are owners

Large-Small :

(in Kenya, for large scale its 1.5people per acre, and small scale is about 3 people per acre)

Small Scale: resource limited

Use of plant production products limited to absolutely necessary Interceptions and exceedances so far not different for the two groups
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Small Scale: Necessary and Unavoidable

Landholding decreasing

Kenya-About 2.5-4 acres in high potential areas

High value crops the only socio-economic answer Expansion of large farms most feasible through large-small collaboration

Its bite-size.

Horticulture is resource and knowledge intensive

Developing countries credit system not ready for numerous large scale farming systems Kenya experience: profit per kg highest in under 4acres or over 50 acres

Agriculture, still Africa's Economic mainstay

Our chance to participate in globalization, (sun and water plenty and soils are good

Needed, a definite strategy to integrate Small Scale

Into global trade. Carbon Miles debate unfortunate

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KenyaGAP-GLOBALGAP Cooperation

Globalgap too critical for our farmers trade

Criticizing within the family, not from outside

Active encouragement by Globalgap

Independent tough- benchmarking process

Stakeholder collaboration essential

National taskforce (Govt-private sector) International best practices

Was an expensive process PIP collaboration and funding played a critical role PIP,GTZ and DFID creating a pool of knowledge/ consultants Structured input to the formal process
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GlobalGAP Smallholder consultation is Key

The Unfinished Business

The High Costs Issue

Focusing on compliance

Modifying certification process

Certification should never be a bigger business than farming itself

The Duplication, multiplicity issue

Lets compete on compliance, not compliance methods (variety of standards) The EU DG-Dev/Unctad process The WTO SPS Committee Consultations

13 standards in Kenya horticulture, more coming

Pros and Cons of private standards

The Complexity issue

A measure, and way of attesting it, commensurate to the hazard, not more restrictive Structured engagement with small scale in Developing Countries
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In Conclusion.

Small Scale Export Farmers

Are organized, efficient They DO MEET GLOBALGAP standard KenyaGAP GlobalGAP collaboration is working The horticulture export figures and growth of the sector is evidence and MRL/interception reports show that small scale is not higher risk
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AHSANTE
(Thank You)

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