GII THIU Tn hiu PCM l chui cc bit 1 v 0. Vic truyn tn hiu ny (t mt b ghp knh n b ghp knh cp cao hn, n gi my viba, hoc n gi my ca thit b quang) cho d c ly ngn nhng cng c th nhn chng b sai nu truyn khng ng dng line coding. Chuyn t mt dng m ny sang dng m khc trong thit b truyn PCM code converter.
GII THIU (tt)
Vic chn m ng truyn phi lu n:
Thnh phn dc. Tn hiu nh thi ng b my pht v my thu. Bng thng. Gim st c cht lng.
GII THIU (tt)
Yeu cau oi vi ma ng truyen (line code): Khong co thanh phan mot chieu (dc). Nng lng tn s thp phi nh. C nhiu cnh xung: khi phc xung clock b thu. Tn hiu m ho phi c kh nng gii m duy nht thnh tn hiu gc. Dai tan hep tiet kiem dai thong ng truyen. Bien oi co quy luat sao cho may thu kiem soat c loi bit.
CC LOI M NG TRUYN C hai loi m ng truyn chnh: Unipolar. Bipolar.
Trn quan im mch: m NRZ l dng thng dng nht ca tn hiu s (ON-OFF). M NRZ c s dng trong thit b ghp knh, viba s, truyn dn quang. Tn hiu c m ha thnh 2 mc : +Bit 1 c m ha bi mc in p dng. +Bit 0 c m ha bi mc 0.
CC LOI M NG TRUYN (tt) NRZ (100 % unipolar) (tt)
CLOCK T 1 V V/2 0 AMPLITUDE DC NRZ SPECTRUM 0 1 0 NRZ SIGNAL f=1/T
f/2
3f/2
2f
5f/2
3f
FREQUENCY
CC LOI M NG TRUYN (tt) NRZ (100 % unipolar) (tt)
Ph c thnh phn DC. Gi tr trung bnh ca DC ph thuc vo t s s bit 1/0 ca chui tn hiu (t 0 volt V volt). V d: chui 10101010 c thnh phn DC l V/2. Thnh phn tn s c bn: f/2. Ch c hi bc l. Khng c bin tn hiu tn s clock (f) nn kh tch xung clock u thu. Nu c nhiu tc ng ln th khng th tch c.
CC LOI M NG TRUYN (tt) NRZ (100 % unipolar) (tt)
M NRZ khng ph hp cho ng truyn cp ng. M NRZ c s dng cho h thng tc cao nh SONET/SDH (155Mbit/z hoc cao hn) nhng phi c ngu nhin ho (Scrambled)
M NRZ lng cc M ha vi hai mc in p + v Bit 1 tng ng mc in p + Bit 0 tng ng mc in p Mi xung c rng 1 chu k bit
CC LOI M NG TRUYN (tt) RZ (50 % unipolar)
Ging nh m NRZ nhng rng xung gim cn mt na.
M RZ n cc M ha vi hai mc in p +, 0 Bit 1: na chu k u mc +, na chu k sau mc 0. Bit 0: mc 0. Mi xung c rng na chu k
M RZ lng cc M ha vi ba mc in p +, 0 ,Bit 1: na chu k u mc +, na chu k sau mc 0. Bit 0: na chu k bit u mc -, na chu k sau 0. Mi xung c rng na chu k
CC LOI M NG TRUYN (tt) RZ (50 % unipolar) (tt)
CLOCK T 1 V DC AMPLITUDE DC RZ SPECTRUM 0 1 0 1 1 0 RZ SIGNAL
2f
3f
4f
5f
6f
FREQUENCY
CC LOI M NG TRUYN (tt) RZ (50 % unipolar) (tt)
Cng tn ti thnh phn DC. Tn s c bn by gi trng vi tn s xung clock ca tn hiu c th tch xung clock u thu khi khng tn ti chui bit 0 ko di. Khng th pht hin li khi c nhiu. s dng c gii hn. Nhng m RZ bipolar c s dng rng ri.
CC LOI M NG TRUYN (tt) Alternative Mark Inversion AMI (bipolar code) Ma hai cc oi dau lan lt o rong xung bang na chu ky bit Khong cha thanh phan mot chieu Quy tac chuyen oi: Bit 1 trong ma goc chuyen thanh cac xung +V va V. rng xung: 50%. Bit 0 trong ma goc chuyn thnh 0 volt.
Cha giam c so bit 0 lien tiep Ch dung trong he thong 1,544Mbit/s (G.703)
CC LOI M NG TRUYN (tt) AMI (bipolar code) (tt)
CLOCK T +V 1 0 1 0 1 1 0 AMI CODED SIGNAL
-V
AMPLITUDE
AMI SPECTRUM
f/2
3f/2
2f
5f/2
3f
FREQUENCY
MA NG TRUYEN TRONG PDH
HDB-3 (High density binary) Ma hai cc co mat o xung dong cao o rong xung bang na chu ky bit Quy tac chuyen oi: + Bit 1 trong ma goc chuyen thanh bit ngc dau vi bit trc o + Day 3 bit 0 tr xuong lien tiep trong ma goc van gi nguyen + Day 4 bit 0 tr len lien tiep th chia thanh tng nhom 4 bit 0 va chuyen thanh 4 bit A00V hoac 000V (A la bit trai dau vi bit trc o, V la bit cung dau vi bit trc o) theo quy nh sau: o 000V neu bit ng trc day 4 bit 0 trai dau vi bit V ng trc gan nhat o A00V neu bit ng trc day 4 bit 0 cung dau vi bit V ng trc gan nhat
MA NG TRUYEN TRONG PDH
Ch ton tai cac day co 3 bit 0 lien tiep tr xuong Khong cha thanh phan mot chieu Ma HDB-3 co so bit 0 lien tiep t nhat so vi cac ma khac (mat o xung dong cao) Dung trong he thong 2Mbit/s va 34Mbit/s
CC LOI M NG TRUYN (tt) Coded Mark Inversion CMI (biphase)
Cc bit 1 lun phin o trng thi dng v m. Cc bit 0 trng thi m na chu k u v i trng thi na chu k cn li. M CMI c s dng trong cc h thng 139,264Mbit/s (G.703) v SDH 155,52Mbit/s giao tip in (STM-1e)
