Digestive System

Student 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12.

BIO140-Spring 2011 Hanson Lecture Guide

Learning O bjectives: Describe the structure and function of the organs of the digestive system. Distinguish between mechanical and chemical digestion. Describe the membranes of the digestive system (e.g. greater omentum). Describe the structural and functional features of the layers of the GI tract. Describe the changes that occur in the structure of the GI tract along its path, including structures that increase surface area, and relate these changes to the functions of the organs. Explain neural and hormonal regulation of digestion. Describe the source, amounts, composition, pH and function of the digestive juices. Explain the function of the assigned digestive enzymes. Describe the sites and mechanisms for absorption and transport of nutrients. Describe the types of motility that occur in each region of the GI tract. Describe the function and regulation of the sphincters of the GI tract. Describe the composition of feces and explain the defecation reflex.

Reading Assignment: Saladin A&P 5th edition: Chapter 25 Practice Problems: Chapter 25: Think About It: pp. 979, 990, 992, 999, 1001 Before You Go On: #1, 2, 4, 9-18, 20-23, 25, 27, 28 Testing Your Recall: #1, 3-6, 8-10, 12, 14-16, 19 True or False: #1, 4-10 Testing Your Comprehension: #1, 2, 5

L ecture O utline/Images: Digestive System

BIO140-Spring 2011 Hanson Lecture Guide

Basic Processes

Motility: Secretion: Function: Digestion: Absorption:

Chemical Digestion Macromolecules Carbohydrates Proteins Fats

Absorbable Units

BIO140-Spring 2011 Hanson Lecture Guide

Mesenteries

Histology of GI Tract

Regulation of G I T ract

BIO140-Spring 2011 Hanson Lecture Guide

Tour of the G ut: Mouth

Mastication

Salivary glands and saliva

Pharynx and Esophagus

BIO140-Spring 2011 Hanson Lecture Guide

Swallowing (Deglutition)

Stomach

BIO140-Spring 2011 Hanson Lecture Guide

Mucous cells Parietal cells Chief cells G cells

BIO140-Spring 2011 Hanson Lecture Guide

Gastric secretions: HCl

Functions:

Pepsin and Intrinsic Factor

Gastric Motility: Receptive relaxation

BIO140-Spring 2011 Hanson Lecture Guide

Peristaltic waves

Digestion and Absorption

Regulation of G astric F unction Cephalic phase

Gastric phase

Regulation of G astric F unction (cont'd): Intestinal phase "Enterogastric reflex"

BIO140-Spring 2011 Hanson Lecture Guide

Accessory O rgans to Small Intestine: Liver & G allbladder

BIO140-Spring 2011 Hanson Lecture Guide

Liver Secretions

Accessory O rgans: Pancreas

Activation of Proteolytic Enzymes

BIO140-Spring 2011 Hanson Lecture Guide

Regulation of Secretion

Small Intestine Duodenum Jejunum Ileum

BIO140-Spring 2011 Hanson Lecture Guide

Intestinal Secretions

Absorption

BIO140-Spring 2011 Hanson Lecture Guide

Digestion and Absorption: Carbohydrates

Proteins

BIO140-Spring 2011 Hanson Lecture Guide

Proteins (cont'd)

Fats

BIO140-Spring 2011 Hanson Lecture Guide

Fats (cont'd)

Vitamins, Minerals, Water Water-soluble vitamins: Fat-soluble vitamins: Minerals: Water:

BIO140-Spring 2011 Hanson Lecture Guide

Motility of Small Intestine Segmentation

Peristalsis: Migrating Motor Complex

L arge Intestine

BIO140-Spring 2011 Hanson Lecture Guide

Secretions: Digestion: Absorption: Motility:

Defecation reflex