Presente simple

I, we, you, they he, she, it subject + 1 subject + 1 > s 1 go 2 went 3 gone

Affirmative I go You go He goes She goes It goes We go You go They go

Negative I don't go You don't go He doesn't go She doesn't go It doesn't go We don't go You don't go They don't go

Interrogative Do I go ? Do you go ? Does he go ? Does she go ? Does it go ? Do we go ? Do you go ? Do they go ?

subject + 1 > "s" (he, she, it)

Affirmative I go to New York - Voy a New York He goes to New York - El va a New York Negative I don't go to New York - No voy a New York

subject + don't / doesn't + 1

He doesn't go to New York - El no va a New York Interrogative Do I go to New York ? - Voy a New York ? Does he go to New York ? - Va l a New York ? Usos del presente simple Acciones habituales (estilos de vida, hbitos, rutina diaria). Lucas gets up at 9:00 am. Lucas se levanta a las nueve. Paul and I do a lot of things every day. Paul y yo hacemos muchas cosas a diario. Hechos o verdades generales. The sun sets in the west. El sol se pone por el oeste. The Earth goes around the sun. La Tierra gira alrededor del sol. Situaciones permanentes. Maria lives in Buenos Aires. Mara vive en Buenos Aires. It costs a lot of money to stay at the Hilton. Cuesta mucho dinero alojarse en el Hilton Primer condicional If you heat butter, it melts. Si calientas manteca, sta se derrite. Contact me if you need any help. Ponte en contacto conmigo si necesitas ayuda. expresiones usuales del presente simple often - generally - usually - always - never every day - every week - every month - every year - sometimes Do / Does + subject + 1 ?

Simple present perfect

subject + have / has + 3 1 go 2 went 3 gone

Affirmative I have gone You have gone He has gone She has gone It has gone We have gone You have gone They have gone Affirmative

Negative I haven't gone You haven't gone He hasn't gone She hasn't gone It hasn't gone We haven't gone You haven't gone They haven't gone

Interrogative Have I gone ? Have you gone ? Has he gone ? Has she gone ? Has it gone ? Have we gone ? Have you gone ? Have they gone ? subject + have / has + 3

I have gone to New York - He ido a New York He has gone to New York - El ha ido a New York Negative subject + haven't / hasn't + 3 I haven't gone to New York - No he ido a New York He hasn't gone to New York - El no ha ido a New York Interrogative Have I gone to New York? - He ido a New York ? Has he gone to New York? - Ha ido l a New York? Have / Has + subject + 3 ?

usos del presente perfecto simple Por regla general, se lo utiliza para describir acciones que empezaron en el pasado y que an no han finalizado o que guardan alguna relacin con el presente. Con el adverbio just: acciones que acaban de ocurrir. The President has just arrived from the US. El Presidente acaba de llegar desde EEUU. They both have just left for Bogota. Ambos acaban de partir para Bogot. Con las preposiciones for y since. We have lived in Italy for three years. Hemos vivido en Italia durante tres aos. I haven't heard from you since 1990!! No he tenido noticias tuyas desde 1990!! Con los adverbios yet y already. They haven't taken the Basic Exam yet. No han rendido el Examen Bsico an. I have already taken the Intermediate Exam. Ya he rendido el Examen Intermedio. Con el grado superlativo de un adjetivo. OM Smiles has always been one of the funniest sections in OM Personal. OM Smiles ha sido siempre una de las secciones ms divertidas de OM Personal. Con las expresiones: It's the first, It's the second, etc. It's the first time I have flown United. Es la primera vez que vuelo por United. It's the second time she has had lunch today. Es la segunda vez que almuerza hoy. expresiones usuales del presente perfecto simple since - for - just - ago - lately yet - already - never - ever - recently

Simple conditional
subject + would + 1 1 go 2 went 3 gone

Affirmative I would go You would go He would go She would go It would go We would go You would go They would go

Negative I wouldn't go You wouldn't go He wouldn't go She wouldn't go It wouldn't go We wouldn't go You wouldn't go They wouldn't go

Interrogative Would I go ? Would you go ? Would he go ? Would she go ? Would it go ? Would we go ? Would you go ? Would they go ?

Affirmative I would go to New York - Yo ira a New York He would go to New York - El ira a New York Negative I wouldn't go to New York - Yo no ira a New York He wouldn't go to New York - El no ira a New York Interrogative Would I go to New York ? - Ira yo a New York ? Would he go to New York ? - Ira l a New York ?

subject + would + 1

subject + wouldn't + 1

Would + subject + 1 ?

usos del condicional simple Comentarios acerca de algo que no es real en el presente pero que puede ser posible. I would visit her if I had time. (I haven't got time but I might have some time) Yo la visitara si tuviese tiempo. (Realmente no tengo tiempo pero podra tenerlo) Comentarios acerca de una situacin que no es real en estos momentos y que nunca podra serlo. If I were you, I would give up smoking. (but I could never be you). Si estuviera en tu lugar, dejara el cigarrillo. (pero nunca podra estar en tu lugar) Segundo Condicional (Condicional tipo II). If I were a plant, I would love the rain. Si fuera un rbol, me encantara la lluvia. If you really loved me, you would buy me a Mercedes XL600. Si realmente me amaras, me compraras un Mercedes XL600. expresiones usuales del condicional simple If I were ... - If she were ...

Progressive Conditional What would you be doing? Qu estaras haciendo?

1 go 2 went 3 gone

subject + would be + 1 > "ing" Affirmative I would be going You would be going He would be going She would be going It would be going We would be going You would be going They would be going Negative I would not be going You would not be going He would not be going She would not be going It would not be going We would not be going You would not be going They would not be going

Interrogative Would I be going ? Would you be going ? Would he be going ? Would she be going ? Would it be going ? Would we be going ? Would you be going ? Would they be going ?

Affirmative

subject + would be + 1 > "ing"

I would be going to New York - Yo estara yendo a New York He would be going to New York - El estara yendo a New York Negative subject + wouldn't (would not) be + 1 > "ing" I wouldn't be going to New York - Yo no estara yendo a New York He wouldn't be going to New York - El no estara yendo a New York Interrogative Would + subject + be + 1 > "ing" ? Would I be going to New York ? - Estara yo yendo a New York ? Would he be going to New York ? - Estara l yendo a New York ? usos del condicional continuo Hechos o situaciones incompletas o contnuas, probablemente como resultado de una condicin irreal. I would be working in New York by now if I spoke American English. (but I don't speak American English at all, so I am not working in New York). Estara trabajando en Nueva York en estos momentos si hablara Ingls Americano. (pero no hablo Ingls Americano, por lo tanto no estoy trabajando en Nueva York). Mabel would be living with Fernando if she wasn't living with her parents. (but Mabel is living with her parents, so she's not living with him). Mabel estara viviendo con Fernando si ella no estuviese viviendo con sus padres. (pero Mabel est viviendo con sus padres, por lo tanto no est viviendo con l). I wouldn't be eating this horrible cake if I wasn't extremely hungry. (but I'm starvng now, so I'm eating it). No estara comiendo esta espantosa torta si no tuviese tanto apetito. (pero me estoy muriendo de hambre, por lo tanto la estoy comiendo). expresiones usuales del condicional continuo If I had... I would... - I wouldn't... if I had...

Simple present perfect

What have you done que has hecho?

1 go 2 went 3 gone

subject + have / has + 3

Affirmative I have gone You have gone He has gone She has gone It has gone We have gone You have gone They have gone Affirmative

Negative I haven't gone You haven't gone He hasn't gone She hasn't gone It hasn't gone We haven't gone You haven't gone They haven't gone

Interrogative Have I gone ? Have you gone ? Has he gone ? Has she gone ? Has it gone ? Have we gone ? Have you gone ? Have they gone ?

subject + have / has + 3

I have gone to New York - He ido a New York He has gone to New York - El ha ido a New York Negative subject + haven't / hasn't + 3 I haven't gone to New York - No he ido a New York He hasn't gone to New York - El no ha ido a New York Interrogative Have / Has + subject + 3 ? Have I gone to New York? - He ido a New York ? Has he gone to New York? - Ha ido l a New York?

usos del presente perfecto simple Por regla general, se lo utiliza para describir acciones que empezaron en el pasado y que an no han finalizado o que guardan alguna relacin con el presente. Con el adverbio just: acciones que acaban de ocurrir. The President has just arrived from the US. El Presidente acaba de llegar desde EEUU. They both have just left for Bogota. Ambos acaban de partir para Bogot. Con las preposiciones for y since. We have lived in Italy for three years. Hemos vivido en Italia durante tres aos. I haven't heard from you since 1990!! No he tenido noticias tuyas desde 1990!! Con los adverbios yet y already. They haven't taken the Basic Exam yet. No han rendido el Examen Bsico an. I have already taken the Intermediate Exam. Ya he rendido el Examen Intermedio. Con el grado superlativo de un adjetivo. OM Smiles has always been one of the funniest sections in OM Personal. OM Smiles ha sido siempre una de las secciones ms divertidas de OM Personal. Con las expresiones: It's the first, It's the second, etc. It's the first time I have flown United. Es la primera vez que vuelo por United. It's the second time she has had lunch today. Es la segunda vez que almuerza hoy. expresiones usuales del presente perfecto simple since - for - just - ago - lately yet - already - never - ever - recently

Lista de verbos irregulars Forman el pasado y participio pasado de manera irregular. Para el presente se comportan como los verbos regulares, aadiendo '-s' a la tercera persona singular (excepto 'to be' y 'to have').
INFINITIVO Arise Awake Be/ am, are, is Bear Beat Become Begin Bend Bet Bind Bid Bite Bleed Blow Break Breed Bring Broadcast Build Burn Burst Buy Cast Catch Come Cost Cut Choose Cling Creep Deal Dig Do (Does) Draw Dream Drink Drive Eat Fall Feed Feel Fight Find Flee Fly Forbid Forget Forgive Freeze Get Give Go (Goes) Grow Grind Hang Have PASADO SIMPLE Arose Awoke Was / Were Bore Beat Became Began Bent Bet Bound Bid Bit Bled Blew Broke Bred Brought Broadcast Built Burnt /Burned Burst Bought Cast Caught Came Cost Cut Chose Clung Crept Dealt Dug Did Drew Dreamt / Dreamed Drank Drove Ate Fell Fed Felt Fought Found Fled Flew Forbade Forgot Forgave Froze Got Gave Went Grew Ground Hung Had PARTICIPIO PASADO Arisen Awoken Been Borne / Born Beaten Become Begun Bent Bet Bound Bid Bitten Bled Blown Broken Bred Brought Broadcast Built Burnt / Burned Burst Bought Cast Caught Come Cost Cut Chosen Clung Crept Dealt Dug Done Drawn Dreamt / Dreamed Drunk Driven Eaten Fallen Fed Felt Fought Found Fled Flown Forbidden Forgotten Forgiven Frozen Got / Gotten Given Gone Grown Ground Hung Had

Hear Hide Hit Hold Hurt Keep Know Kneel Knit Lay Lead Lean Leap Learn Leave Lend Let Lie Light Lose Make Mean Meet Mistake Overcome Pay Put Read Ride Ring Rise Run Say See Seek Sell Send Set Sew Shake Shear Shine Shoot Show Shrink Shut Sing Sink Sit Sleep Slide Smell Sow Speak Speed Spell Spend Spill Spin Spit Split Spoil Spread Spring

Heard Hid Hit Held Hurt Kept Knew Knelt Knit Laid Led Leant Leapt Learnt / Learned Left Lent Let Lay Lit Lost Made Meant Met Mistook Overcame Paid Put Read Rode Rang Rose Ran Said Saw Sought Sold Sent Set Sewed Shook Shore Shone Shot Showed Shrank Shut Sang Sank Sat Slept Slid Smelt Sowed Spoke Sped Spelt Spent Spilt / Spilled Spun Spat Split Spoilt / Spoiled Spread Sprang

Heard Hidden Hit Held Hurt Kept Known Knelt Knit Laid Led Leant Leapt Learnt / Learned Left Lent Let Lain Lit Lost Made Meant Met Mistaken Overcome Paid Put Read Ridden Rung Risen Run Said Seen Sought Sold Sent Set Sewed / Sewn Shaken Shorn Shone Shot Shown Shrunk Shut Sung Sunk Sat Slept Slid Smelt Sowed / Sown Spoken Sped Spelt Spent Spilt / Spilled Spun Spat Split Spoilt / Spoiled Spread Sprung

Stand Steal Stick Sting Stink Stride Strike Swear Sweat Sweep Swell Swim Swing Take Teach Tear Tell Think Throw Thrust Tread Understand Undergo Undertake Wake Wear Weave Weep Wet Win Wind Withdraw Wring Write

Stood Stole Stuck Stung Stank/Stunk Strode Struck Swore Sweat Swept Swelled Swam Swung Took Taught Tore Told Thought Threw Thrust Trod Understood Underwent Undertook Woke Wore Wove Wept Wet Won Wound Withdrew Wrung Wrote

Stood Stolen Stuck Stung Stunk Stridden Struck Sworn Sweat Swept Swollen Swum Swung Taken Taught Torn Told Thought Thrown Thrust Trodden Understood Undergone Undertaken Woken Worn Woven Wept Wet Won Wound Withdrawn Wrung Written

Los verbos regulares en Ingls son aquellos que para formar su pasado y su participio se le aade la terminacin ed a su tiempo presente. A continuacin una lista de los verbos regulares ms comunes con su significado. INF.PRESENT PAST TENSE P. PARTICIPLE GERUND SPANISH accept accepted accepted accepting aceptar answer answered answered answering contestar arrive arrived arrived arriving llegar ask asked asked asking preguntar belong belonged belonged belonging pertenecer change changed changed changing cambiar clean cleaned cleaned cleaning limpiar climb climbed climbed climbing trepar/escalar close closed closed closing cerrar consider considered considered considering considerar cook cooked cooked cooking cocinar count counted counted counting contar dance danced danced dancing bailar dare dared dared daring atreverse date dated dated dating fechar/salir deliver delivered delivered delivering enviar dress dressed dressed dressing vestir end ended ended ending terminar enjoy enjoyed enjoyed enjoying disfrutar erase erased erased erasing borar expect expected expected expecting esperar fill filled filled filling llenar

finish follow help hurry intend jump learn like listen live look love miss name need open order plan plant play point practice push rain remember rent repeat resist show smoke start stay stop study talk travel try turn use visit wait walk want wash wish work

finished followed helped hurried intended jumped learned liked listened lived looked loved missed named needed opened ordered planned planted played pointed practiced pushed rained remembered rented repeated resisted showed smoked started stayed stoped studied talked traveled tried turned used visited waited walked wanted washed wished worked

finished followed helped hurried intended jumped learned liked listened lived looked loved missed named needed opened ordered planned planted played pointed practiced pushed rained remembered rented repeated resisted showed smoked started stayed stoped studied talked traveled tried turned used visited waited walked wanted washed wished worked

finished following helping hurrying intending jumping learning liking listening living looking loving missing naming needing opening ordering planning planting playing pointing practicing pushing raining remembering renting repeating resisting showing smoking starting staying stoping studying talking traveling trying turning using visiting waiting walking wanting washing wishing working

terminar seguir ayudar apurar tener la intencin de brincar aprender gustar escuchar vivir ver amar extraar nombrar necesitar abrir ordenar planear plantar jugar apuntar practicar empujar llover recordar rentar repetir resistir mostrar / ensear fumar empezar quedar parar estudiar hablar viajar intentar voltear / cambiar usar visitar esperar caminar querer / desear lavar desear / querer trabajar

Simple Modals What (can/could) you do? Qu (puedes/podras) hacer? What (may/might) you do? Qu (puedes/podras) hacer? What (must/should) you do? Qu (debes/deberas) hacer?
1 go 2 went 3 gone

subject + modal + 1

Affirmative I can go I could go I may go I might go I must go I should go Affirmative

Negative I can't go I couldn't go I may not go I might not go I mustn't go I shouldn't go

Interrogative Can I go ? Could I go ? May I go ? Might I go ? Must I go ? Should I go ? subject + modal + 1

I can go to New York - Puedo ir a New York (posibilidad fsica, conocimiento) I could go to New York - Podra ir a New York (alternativa) I may go to New York - Puedo ir a New York (permiso) I might go to New York - Podra ir a New York (posibilidad) I must go to New York - Debo ir a New York (obligacin) I should go to New York - Debera ir a New York (obligacin moral, consejo) Negative I can't go to New York - No puedo ir a New York I couldn't go to New York - No podra ir a New York I may not go to New York - No puedo ir a New York I might not go to New York - No podra ir a New York I mustn't go to New York - No debo ir a New York I shouldn't go to New York - No debera ir a New York Interrogative Can I go to New York ? - Puedo ir a New York ? Could I go to New York ? - Podra ir a New York ? May I go to New York ? - Puedo ir a New York ? Might I go to New York ? - Podra ir a New York ? Must I go to New York ? - Debo ir a New York ? Should I go to New York ? - Debera ir a New York ? modal + subject + 1 ? subject + modal + not + 1

Progressive Modals What (can/could) you be doing? Qu (puedes/podras) estar haciendo? What (may/might) you be doing? Qu (puedes/podras) estar haciendo? What (must/should) you be doing? Qu (debes/deberas) estar haciendo?
subject + modal + be + 1 > "ing" 1 go 2 went 3 gone

Affirmative I can be going I could be going I may be going I might be going I must be going I should be going Affirmative

Negative I can't be going I couldn't be going I may not be going I might not be going I mustn't be going I shouldn't be going

Interrogative Can I be going ? Could I be going ? May I be going ? Might I be going ? Must I be going ? Should I be going ?

subject + modal + be + 1 > "ing"

I can be going to New York - Puedo estar yendo a NY (posib. fsica, conocimiento) I could be going to New York - Podra estar yendo a NY (alternativa) I may be going to New York - Puedo estar yendo a NY (permiso) I might be going to New York - Podra estar yendo a NY (posibilidad) I must be going to New York - Debo estar yendo a NY (obligacin) I should be going to New York - Debera estar yendo a NY (oblig. moral, consejo) Negative subject + modal + not be + 1 > "ing" I can't be going to New York - No puedo estar yendo a NY I couldn't be going to New York - No podra estar yendo a NY I may not be going to New York - No puedo estar yendo a NY I might not be going to New York - No podra estar yendo a NY I mustn't be going to New York - No debo estar yendo a NY I shouldn't be going to New York - No debera estar yendo a NY Interrogative modal + subject + be + 1 > "ing" ? Can I be going to New York ? - Puedo estar yendo a NY ? Could I be going to New York ? - Podra estar yendo a NY ? May I be going to New York ? - Puedo estar yendo a NY? Might I be going to New York ? - Podra estar yendo a NY ? Must I be going to New York ? - Debo estar yendo a NY ? Should I be going to New York ? - Debera estar yendo a NY ?

Desde luego, cualquier listado de este tipo es incompleto y subjetivo. Por otra parte, con el tiempo te dars cuenta que tu propia actividad, estudios o distracciones te irn sealando cules son los verbos frasales de mayor utilidad en tu caso. Este es slo un listado general y no hemos incluido necesariamente los frasales ms fciles (wake up, get out) porque generalmente no presentan problemas entre los estudiantes. Hemos utilizado estas abreviaturas en el texto: so. por someone (alguien) y sth. por something (algo).

be over

(intransitive) have finished. e.g. You're late the meeting is already over. (intransitive) stop functioning properly (if we're talking about a machine), or, lose control of your emotions and start crying (if we're talking about people). e.g. He broke down when he saw that the coffee-machine had broken down and he couldn't get his dose of caffeine! care for, educate in a specific set of ethical ideas and prepare so. for adult life. e.g. She was brought up by her aunt after her mother died. (literally) reach the place where so. else is, by going faster than him/her (e.g. in a race). (metaphorically) reach the level of more advanced learners by studying faster than them. e.g. I worked hard to catch up with the other students because I didn't want to repeat the course the following year. discover information. e.g. I only found out later that he had lied to me. (intransitive) stop trying. e.g. This is too difficult, I give up! give yourself up means to surrender (to the enemy or the police). e.g. The bandit gave himself up to the police. give sth. up (transitive) means to stop doing (an activity) or to surrender an object. e.g. I'm going to give up smoking in May. try to find. e.g. Excuse me, I'm looking for Mr Page, the cashier.

break down

bring so. up

catch up with so.

find (sth.) out

give up

look for sth. / so.

look sth. up

try to find (in a book or on a list). e.g. Look up the words you don't know in a dictionary. establish, create. e.g. In 1999 they set up their own company; now they are rich. continue. e.g. He carried on making noise as if nothing had happened. perform, undertake, execute (instructions). e.g. I told him to carry out your orders to the letter. back return. e.g. You promised to give the CD back last week and I still haven't got it! delay. e.g. I was held up in the traffic jam for an hour and missed the meeting.

set sth. up

10

carry on (doing)

11

carry sth. out

12

give sth. back

13

hold so. / sth. up

14

put sth. off

postpone. e.g. The decision has been put off until next month. put s.o. off means distract, break so.'s concentration. e.g. The noise of TV put me off and I couldn't concentrate start to wear (clothes). e.g. Put your jersey on, Jimmy. It's getting cold. The opposite is to take sth. off. extinguish (fire, lights, etc.). e.g. Put that cigarette out! You can't smoke in here. tolerate, accept. e.g. I'm not going to put up with his insolence any longer. use completely, finish. e.g. We have run out of bread! What are we going to offer our guests for breakfast? activate. e.g. She turned on the music centre. turn so. on means to excite (sexually). The opposite of both meanings is turn sth. / off. weaken, deteriorate. e.g. That jersey has worn out at the elbows, throw it away. wear so. out means to exhaust. e.g. Looking after the children really wears me out.

15

put sth. on

16

put sth. out

17

put up with so. / sth.

18

run out of sth.

19

turn sth. on

20

wear sth. out