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II. GENERAL INFORMATION Learner Name: AbdulMonem AL Zidi ID Number: 08101034 Course Title: Quality Gurus and their Philosophies Article Title: Total quality management and the Deming approach to quality management Date of Submission: --------------------------------------------------------Date of Received Feedback: ------------------------------------------------

III. SUMMARY (100-200 words)

Provide a summary in your own words on the article you requested to read and analyze in the following space. The article talks about the famous quality gurus theories and their contribution to the field of quality management from W. Edwards Deming, Joseph M. Juran, Philip B. Crosby to others. The article provides full background and experience of those quality gurus and how their theories has evolved, their philosophy, and their approaches to Quality Management. The author attended to compare TQM with the Deming approach to quality management trying to address the differences between the two approaches to address the reasons why the practical application of Total Quality Management would fail in organizations. At the end the author identifies the reasons behind the failure of TQM

implementation and suggested how TQM implementation efforts can be successful. The author have also address the need to focus on real-world quality issues that continue to challenge management by studying the views of Deming and apply them

Copyright 2007 e-TQM College. All rights reserved

and maintain a constancy of effort to continuously improve organizations products and services.

IV. KEY LEARNING POINTS

Identify the key learning points in the read and analyze assigned activity.

zero defects management commitment Three Juran ((Quality planning , quality control ,quality Quality operation Quality College improvement))

Deming's Views Total Quality Management

TQM Consulting Industrial Engineering 14 steps of Quality improvement

Deming approach Deming's theory Juran Idea Crosby Philosophy Deming experience

Copyright 2007 e-TQM College. All rights reserved

V. RELEVANT STATEMENTS TO THE SESSION

While you reading, identify the relevant statements to the session and insert them in order in the following space.

them.

In this article a full explanation in the Deming approach to

total quality management, quality management and compare Many of Erhard's clients believed that his program made big Deming approach has achieved great success in the Ford was one of the first major US companies to "discover"

change in their live and improve it. operating sector Deming's expertise in quality management which make big change in the marketing. The major quality management gurus in the USA at the time were: W. Edwards Deming, Joseph M. Juran and Philip B. Crosby. Juran added to a large extent of information and knowledge of quality management and also pointed to the most important point of quality in each organization. Crosby is the owner of a popular figure in the movement of Deming moved to teach at New York University and held Deming introduced quality courses to 230 engineers in Juran create a three juran which change many thing in the total quality management and the separation points. this position for most of the remainder of his life. Tokyo and this thing make Deming a highly experienced. organization that follow three journ

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Deming on the theory of statistical quality control and philosophy in a significant impact on the

management

organizations and this by Shewhart Crosby followed 14 step in quality improvement.

VI. CRITICAL ANALYSIS

As there is a wide range of opinions on how to conduct Total Quality Management. It is true that TQM is being conducted differently by many consultants and organizations. Here, we have to tackle the reason behind the fail of TQM implementation and look for the right approach to the framework that ensures the success of TQM implementation. Where there is a range of differences within the theory and practice of TQM. We know that TQM is a general philosophy of management. It can be tailored for a particular environment, and there are as many ways to implement TQM. Top management would be the first responsible of TQM failure as the successful implementation of TQM requires a long-term commitment by top management. One negative aspect of TQM is that TQM's pragmatic approach often lacks a constancy of purpose as it adapts itself, in many cases, to the realities of its environment. Another negative aspect of TQM is that TQM approach lacks of the unified and integrated philosophy as it tends to emphasize process improvements and reductions in cycle time. Unlike the Deming approach of adopting a new philosophy that intended to transform the management style. This Deming philosophy is titled "Profound knowledge" and has four components: Appreciation for a system, Knowledge about variation, Theory of knowledge, and Psychology. I think that TQM is so much more than excellence in management and it should be a transformation and a way of thinking. TQM should not be considered as a recipe that can be applied and forgotten. Further, instead of solving problems as they occur, an effective quality effort should improve the system to prevent these problems in the first place. The effort here should be laid on the shoulders of top management as they need to change and improve the system and remove the common causes of variation rather than appearing on special causes of variation and search for errors caused by individual workers.

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In summary, We can say that many TQM efforts failed because they lacked a welldeveloped philosophy. In addition, many of these efforts, especially those conducted on an ad hoc basis, were doomed to failure because of their temporary nature and a loss of their client's interest as other events and other attractive management approaches diverted the attention of top management. For TQM to be successful it must be adopted throughout the organization and it requires a long-term commitment from the top down. Organizations need to focus on real-world quality issues that continue to challenge management applying the right approach and maintain a constancy of effort to continuously improve organizations products and services.

VII. PRACTICAL IMPLICATIONS

The article has many concepts, methodology, theories, and approaches that can be applied in a real business case. For instance, the Zero Defects concept which was pioneered by Philip Crosby as a business practice which aims to reduce and minimize the number of defects and errors in a process and to do things right the first time. The concept can be applied by any manufacturing organization, for instance it can be applied by Nokia to improve quality and reduce cost. Nokia have to establish the right conditions to allow this to take place. A process, system or method of working has to be established which allows for the achievement of zero defects. Nokia can achieve the desired objective of zero defects if this process and the associated conditions are created. Then it will be possible to measure the cost of none conformance in terms of wasted materials and wasted time. Nokia have to make sure that any process that is to be designed to include this concept must be clear on its customer expectations and desires. Nokia has to aim for a process and finished product that conforms to customer requirements and does not fall short of or exceed these requirements. Zero defects require a top down approach. Therefore, to implement the zero defects concept Nokia management must commit to zero defects. As the main topic of the article is Total quality management and the Deming approach to quality management. Nokia can apply Deming approach to quality management and his system of profound knowledge which provides solid theoretical framework to practical application. Nokia to unified and integrate their quality

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philosophy that intended to transform the management style emphasize process improvements and reductions in cycle time. For Nokia to implement TQM it has to be more than excellence in management and it should be a transformation and a way of thinking. Nokia should not consider TQM as a recipe that can be applied and forgotten. Nokia have to make an effective quality effort to improve the system to prevent problems in the first place. TQM it must be adopted throughout Nokia and it requires a long-term commitment from the top down. Furthermore, Nokia has to focus on its quality issues that challenge its management by studying the views of Deming and apply them and maintain a constancy of effort to continuously improve organizations products and services.

VIII. LEARNING REFLECTIONS

I have learnt valuable information from this article. The article helped me to understand the approaches and the views of major contributors to quality management. It has detailed information of the theories, approaches, and the application methodologies of Juran, Crosby, and Deming. Providing a full background and experience of those quality gurus and how their theories have evolved. Juran has significantly added to the body of knowledge for quality management. Juran's trilogy is notable contributions to the quality management field. Juran's trilogy is used to explain the interrelationship of three processes used to manage quality: quality planning, quality control, and quality improvement. Which considers systems rather than individual functions. This provides an understanding of the system and subsequently furnishes substantial increases in quality. Where, quality improvement is the most significant because improvements in the system

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substantially reduce chronic waste and allow us to gain lessons learned for improving the system. Another lesson can be learnt from Juran contribution is the Company-wide quality management theme that systematic approach needed to set and meet quality goals throughout the company by addressing and measuring quality management with attention to details. I have learnt from Crosby quality philosophy the concept of zero defects and the absolutes of quality management which contains that the system of quality is prevention, the standard of performance should be zero. I have learnt that there is no such thing as a 'quality problem' which has purpose of pinpoint problems. The article provided me a clear picture of the differences between TQM and Deming approach. I have learnt the reasons of failed practical application of Total Quality Management. I have learnt from the article that the successful implementation of TQM requires a long-term commitment by top management. I have learnt that TQM's pragmatic approach often lacks a constancy of purpose. Where, it adapts itself, in many cases, to the realities of its environment. The TQM approach lacks of the unified and integrated philosophy as it tends to emphasize process improvements and reductions in cycle time. Unlike the Deming approach of adopting a new philosophy that intended to transform the management style. I think that TQM is so much more than excellence in management and it should be a transformation and a way of thinking. TQM should not be considered as a recipe that can be applied and forgotten. Further, instead of solving problems as they occur, an effective quality effort should improve the system to prevent these problems in the first place. I have learnt from the article that many TQM efforts failed because they lacked a well-developed philosophy and many of these efforts has failed because of their temporary nature. I have learnt that for TQM to be successful it must be adopted throughout the organization and it requires a long-term commitment from the top down.

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IX. e-TUTOR COMMENTS AND FEEDBACK

Mark:

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