Chapter 5 Terms accommodative party system-party leaders try to bridge large social divisions

authoritarian party system-parties attempt to direct society

closed-list PR system-voters have no say in their representatives

competitive party system-parties primarily try to gain electoral support

conflictual party system-opposite of consensual, parties are at opposite extremes consensual party system-parties are very similar and trust each other

consociational-see accommodative party system (see above)

double-ballot-same as majority runoff (see below) Duvergers Law-plurality single-member election district systems tend to create

two-party systems and proportional representation creates multiple parties

effective number of parties-a measurement of effectiveness that parties have in

comparison to how many parties there are

electoral authoritarianism-allows other political parties as long as they dont

challenge the one in charge

electoral system-the rules that elections tend to follow

exclusive governing party-wants almost complete control of political resources

inclusive governing party-accepts and recognizes other political parties

institutional groups-bureaucratic agencies or military factions

interest aggregation-how demands are made into policy programs

majoritarian two-party system-system is dominated by two parties

iron law of oligarchymajority runoff- 2 elections, if you win the first, you then have to win the 2 nd with

more votes than everyone else combined

majority-coalition system-voters know which parties are going to form a

government because of preelectorial coalitions

mechanical effect-how different political systems convert votes to seats

median voter result-two-party systems will exhibit a centrist pull

military governments-when the government is run by military personnel

multiparty system-no party has a majority

open-list PR system-voters give preference to candidates they want

party system-a government that has political parties

patronclient networks-when benefits are given out for loyalty and support

primary elections-election of candidates for office (in the USA)

proportional representation(PR)- the percent of votes a parties representatives

get is the percent of seats in legislature they get

psychological effect-both voters and candidates anticipate the mechanical effect

single-member district (SMD)-Party officials select candidates for office single-member district plurality (SMDP)-first past the post finish ahead of

others

election rule-the means of which important elections are run by

strategic voting-giving support to someone who isnt your first choice, so that a person who you dont want to win, doesnt.

two-party system-a political system that has two primary political parties