Cng ngh FTTx v xu hng cho tng lai

Mng FTTx (Fiber-to-the-x) hin ang c xem l s ng mt vai tr quan trng trong 2-3 nm ti do tim nng cung cp bng thng cho khch hng ln hn so vi cp ng, p ng nhu cu truyn thoi, d liu v video trn nn IP. Cc cng ngh thng c s dng to dng cc mng FTTx, bao gm c cc mng quang th ng, cc ng dy thu bao s (DSL), v cc cng ngh nn video FTTx (Fiber To The x) l 1 thut ng ni chung ch mt kin trc mng s dng cp quang kt ni vin thng.

FTTx bao gm cc loi sau: FTTN (Fiber To The Node) FTTC (Fiber To The Curb) FTTB (Fiber To The Building) FTTH (Fiber To The Home).

Mt kt ni a dch v Hin nay, cng ngh FTTH (Fiber-To-The-Home l mng vin thng bng thng rng bng cp quang c ni n tn nh cung cp cc dch v tc cao nh in thoi, Internet tc cao v TV) ang c trin khai kh mnh m trn th gii. Khi dng cng ngh FTTH, ng truyn dn hon ton bng cp quang ti tn phng my ca ngi s dng. Cht lng truyn dn tn hiu bn b n nh khng b suy hao tn hiu bi nhiu in t, thi tit hay chiu di cp nh i vi ADSL. bo mt rt cao. Vi ADSL, kh nng bo mt thp hn v c th b nh cp tn hiu trn ng dy, cn vi FTTH th hu nh khng th b nh cp tn hiu trn ng dy. Vi cng ngh FTTH, nh cung cp dch v c th cung cp tc download ln n 10 Gigabit/giy, nhanh gp 200 ln so vi ADSL 2+ (hin ch c th p ng 20 Megabit/giy). Tc truyn dn vi ADSL l khng cn bng, c tc ti ln lun nh hn tc ti xung (Bt

i xng, Download > Upload) v ti a 20 Mbps. Cn FTTH cho php cn bng, tc ti ln v ti xung nh nhau (i xng, Download = Upload) v cho php ti a l 10 Gbps, c th phc v cng mt lc cho hng trm my tnh. FTTH c bit hiu qu vi cc dch v: Hosting Server ring, VPN (mng ring o), Truyn d liu, Game Online, IPTV (truyn hnh tng tc), VoD (xem phim theo yu cu), Video Conferrence (hi ngh truyn hnh), IP Cameravi u th bng thng truyn ti d liu cao, c th nng cp ln bng thng ln ti 1Gbps, An ton d liu, n nh cao, khng b nh hng bi nhiu in, t trng... Xu hng tng lai D kin FTTH s dn thay th ADSL trong tng lai gn mt khi bng thng ADSL khng sc cung cp ng thi cc dch v trc tuyn trong cng mt thi im. FTTH cung cp 1 IP tnh thch hp vi cc doanh nghip, t chc trin khai d dng cc dch v trc tuyn nh IP Camera, lu tr mail, truyn d liu tc cao... Theo mt bo co mi nht ca Heavy Reading, s h gia nh s dng kt ni bng rng FTTH trn ton th gii s tng trng hng nm trn 30% cho n nm 2012 v t 89 triu h khi . Hin Nht Bn, Trung Quc v M l cc quc gia i u trong lnh vc bng thng rng s dng cng ngh cp quang ny. Cng ngh FTTH c khong 20 triu kt ni ton cu, ch tnh ring 3 nc Nht Bn, Trung Quc v M c thm khong 6 triu thu bao, trong chu c nh gi l th trng c tim nng pht trin ln. Theo d on, vo cui nm 2012, ring chu s c 54 triu kt ni FTTH, tip theo l chu u/ khu vc Trung ng/ chu Phi vi 16 triu, ri n Bc M v Nam M vi 15 triu. Hin nay, qu trnh chuyn i sang FTTH ang c thc hin nhiu nc, gm an Mch, Php, Hng Kng, Nht Bn, Hn Quc, Thy in, i Loan v M. nh ngha v FTTx: FTTx l c t vit tt ca c t " fiber to the x" bao gm FTTH (fiber to the Home), FTTB (fiber to the buiding), FTTN (Fiber to the node), FTTC (Fiber to the carbinet). Ni theo ngha en FTTX l vic dn ng truyn cp quang ti mt im, im c th l h gia nh (home), ta nh (building) im (node), t (carbinet), thc cht FTTx l h thng cung cp Internet qua ng truyn cp quang ti cc im ni trn. Phn loi FTTx

Hin nay FTTx c nhiu cc phn loi khc nhau, mi cch u c lch s pht trin ca n. Tuy nhin n gin chng ti xin mn php phn loi FTTX nh sau: - FTTx theo cu trc dng Point to Point: Theo phng n kt ni ny, t nh cung cp s dn mt ng cp quang ti tn nh khch hng, ng quang ny s chuyn i ngc li thnh tn hiu in v cp cho khch hng. Theo phng n ny, th s s n v phn ra lm hai loi:

Loi 1: Kt ni vo h thng IP-DSLAM: bng vic mua thm 1 card m rng ca h thng IP-DSLAM, vic kt ni Loi 2: lp thm Ethernet Switches layer 2 ti nh cung cp chuyn i thnh tn hiu quang cp cho khch hng.

- Cu hnh Point to Multipoints: Theo kin trc ny ti nh cung cp t mt thit b lm vic theo chun PON, cn gi l OLT, t OLT tn hiu quang s c chia ra thng qua cc b chia quang v n u khch hng thng thng OLT lm vic trn 1 si quang v 1 card lp ti OLT s qun l khong 64 thu bao. u ngc im: Vic dng theo kin trc v phng n theo phn loi trn hin nay vn tn ti trn th trng Vit nam, bi chng vn c nhng u im ca ring mnh. 1.
o

i vi cu hnh point to point: u im: cu hnh n gin, r lp gip, khng cn o to

chuyn su nhiu, thit b c gi thnh r, c th tn dng nhng vt t hin c. c bit u th trong giai on u ca mng FTTH hay FTTX
o

Ngc im: Khi s lng thu bao ln ln, kin trc ny

khng cn ph hp na bi vic qun l ng truyn vt l thu bao s rt phc tp v tn km. 2. i vi cu hnh Point to multi-points:

u im: kin trc n gin, d qun l, chi ph c bit t

r u th khi s lng thu bao cho mt khu vc ln. Vic s dng cu hnh c l khng cn ph hp, kin trc ny c s dng trong giai on pht trin ca h thng FTTH hay FTTX.
o

Ngc im: thit b u cui, vt t, nguyn liu c gi

thnh cao, hn na kin trc ny i hi phi c qu trnh o to chuyn su cho cc n v thc hin. Bn cht h thng FTTH hay FTTX: Ban u thot ngha khi nim FTTH, hay FTTX l mt h thng ht sc phc tp gm nhiu thit b kt ni vi nhau thng qua chun truyn thng kinh in g ...??? Khng !!!! thc cht ca mng Internet hin nay l mng ca cc my tnh, tc l thc cht l mng kt ni cc my tnh vi nhau, n gin th n hao hao ging mng LAN hin ti, tt nhin n cng c rt nhiu yu cu thm pht sinh khi ngi ta kt ni s lng ln cc my tnh vi nhau trn mt phm vi ln - phm vi ton cu. Vic pht trin h thng internet cp quang hon ton da theo chun Ethernet hay IEEE 802.xx, ban u nh trn chng ti ni cu hnh point-point cng da trn Ethernet v chun phia sau l PON cng l bin th s dng chun Ethernet.

FTTx l g?

FTTx (Fiber to the x) l mt thut ng chung cho kin trc mng bng rng s dng cp quang thay th tt c hay mt phn cp kim loi thng thng dng trong mch vng chng cui ca mng vin thng. M hnh mng trin khai si quang

Thut ng chung ny bt ngun nh mt s tng qut ha mt vi m hnh mng trin khai si quang (FTTN, FTTC, FTTB, FTTH,), tt c bt u bng FTT nhng kt thc bi cc k t khc nhau, c thay th bng x mang tnh cht tng qut ha. Ngnh cng nghip vin thng phn bit mt vi m hnh ring bit, r rng. Trong c s dng rng ri nht hin nay l: - Fiber To The Home (FTTH): si quang c dn ti ranh gii khng gian sng, nh mt hp cp quang c t trn tng bn ngoi ca mt ngi nh. - Fiber To The Building (FTTB): si quang c dn ti chn ca mt ta nh cao tng, t thng qua phng tin chuyn i (quang-in) u ni ti tng ngi s dng ring bit. - Fiber To The Curb (FTTC): si quang c dn ti t cp t trn l ng cch khu vc khch hng gn hn 300m,t s dng cp ng u ni ti ngi dng. - Fiber To The Node (FTTN): si quang c dn ti node, n cng tng t nh FTTC, nhng khong cch t node ti khu vc khch hng th xa hn, c th ti vi kilomet. Tc download gp 200 ln so vi ADSL 2+

Hin nay, cng ngh FTTH (Fiber-To-The-Home l mng vin thng bng thng rng bng cp quang c ni n tn nh cung cp cc dch v tc cao nh in thoi, Internet tc cao v TV) ang c trin khai kh mnh m trn th gii. Khi dng cng ngh FTTH, ng truyn dn hon ton bng cp quang ti tn phng my ca ngi s dng. Cht lng truyn dn tn hiu bn b n nh khng b suy hao tn hiu bi nhiu in t, thi tit hay chiu di cp nh i vi ADSL. bo mt rt cao. Vi ADSL, kh nng bo mt thp hn v c th b nh cp tn hiu trn ng dy, cn vi FTTH th hu nh khng th b nh cp tn hiu trn ng dy. Vi cng ngh FTTH, nh cung cp dch v c th cung cp tc download ln n 10 Gigabit/giy, nhanh gp 200 ln so vi ADSL 2+ (hin ch c th p ng 20 Megabit/giy). Tc truyn dn vi ADSL l khng cn bng, c tc ti ln lun nh hn tc ti xung (Bt i xng, Download > Upload) v ti a 20 Mbps.

Cn FTTH cho php cn bng, tc ti ln v ti xung nh nhau (i xng, Download = Upload) v cho php ti a l 10 Gbps, c th phc v cng mt lc cho hng trm my tnh. FTTH c bit hiu qu vi cc dch v: Hosting Server ring, VPN (mng ring o), Truyn d liu, Game Online, IPTV (truyn hnh tng tc), VoD (xem phim theo yu cu), Video Conferrence (hi ngh truyn hnh), IP Cameravi u th bng thng truyn ti d liu cao, c th nngcp ln bng thng ln ti 1Gbps, An ton d liu, n nh cao, khng b nh hng bi nhiu in, t trng... FTTH s dn thay th ADSL D kin FTTH s dn thay th ADSL trong tng lai gn mt khi bng thng ADSL khng sc cung cp ng thi cc dch v trc tuyn trong cng mt thi im. FTTH cung cp 1 IP tnh thch hp vi cc doanh nghip, t chc trin khai d dng cc dch v trc tuyn nh IP Camera, lu tr mail, truyn d liu tc cao... Theo mt bo co mi nht ca Heavy Reading, s h gia nh s dng kt ni bng rng FTTH trn ton th gii s tng trng hng nm trn 30% cho n nm 2012 v t 89 triu h khi . Hin Nht Bn, Trung Quc v M l cc quc gia i u trong lnh vc bng thng rng s dng cng ngh cp quang ny. Cng ngh FTTH c khong 20 triu kt ni ton cu, ch tnh ring 3 nc Nht Bn, Trung Quc v M c thm khong 6 triu thu bao, trong chu c nh gi l th trng c tim nng pht trin ln. Theo d on, vo cui nm 2012, ring chu s c 54 triu kt ni FTTH, tip theo l chu u, khu vc Trung ng Chu Phi, vi 16 triu, ri n Bc M v Nam M vi 15 triu. Hin nay, qu trnh chuyn i sang FTTH ang c thc hin nhiu nc, gm an Mch, Php, Hng Kng, Nht Bn, Hn Quc, Thy in, i Loan v M. TiVit Nam xu hng chuyn sang s dng FTTH ang ngy cng th hin r, c bit l nhm i tng l cc doanh nghip, t chc v h gia nh c nhu cu s dng ng truyn cht lng cao. y cng chnh l sn phm chin lc thng hiu GigaNet ca CMC TI tung ra trn th trng vin thng.