1.

Structures that allow the cell to move through fluids, rather than forcing fluids to pass over the cell, are: Flagella 2. The cell structure that acts as the janitor for the cell is the: Lysosome 3. The power plant of the cell is the: Mitochondria 4. The movement of water from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration is: Osmosis 5. Which of the following transport mechanisms requires a helper molecule? facilitated diffusion 6. The final stage of cell division is: Telophase 7. The stage of cell division when the cell begins to form spindle fibers and the chromosomes duplicate each other is: Prophase 8. The cellular structure responsible for the formation of the spindle apparatus associated with the movement of DNA strands is the: Centriole 9. All of the following are true of the Golgi apparatus: It receives protein from the endoplasmic reticulum It prepares and stores protein for distribution It packages proteins in sacs called vesicle 10. A patient experiences cerebral edema. In an effort to reduce the swelling of the brain, what type of solution might be given? Hypertonic 11. The number of cells in the body number in the trillions 12. The genetic disorder caused by cell membrane channels, which do not allow chloride and sodium ions to diffuse normally, is called cystic fibrosis 13. The type of passive transport, which involves substances that travel from an area of higher concentration to one of lower concentration is called Diffusion 14. Which type of passive transport involves forcefully pushing water and dissolved materials across a membrane? Filtration 15. Which mechanism is used by a cell to remove large substances outside of the cell across the membrane? Exocytosis

1. Every human body contains approximately 7.5 trillion cells. True 2. All bacteria cause disease. False 3. Viruses are treated with antibiotics False 4. Fungi are always one-celled organisms that cause disease. False

5. Protozoa are plant cells that cause an infection, such as thrush with overgrowth. False 6. Diffusion moves a substance from an area of greater concentration to one of lower concentration. true 7. Osmosis moves water from an area of greater concentration to one of lower concentration. true 8. Active transport pumps move substances from an area of lower concentration to one of higher concentration. True 9. Exocytosis moves substances outside of the cell. True 10. A pathogen is an organism that causes disease. True 11. Adenosine Triphosphate is the energy molecule produced from glucose by the mitochondria. True 12. The only difference between type I and type II diabetes is whether or not the patient is using insulin. False 13. Eukaryotic cells are bacteria. False 14. Interphase is the longest part of the cell reproductive cycle, and is also called the resting phase. True 15. Mitosis is the process by which most of the body cells reproduce. True

1.

Diffusion is an example of _PASSIVE_________ transport.

2.

Facilitated diffusion is an example of ___PASSIVE_______ transport.

3.

Osmosis is an example of __PASSIVE________ transport.

4.

Filtration is an example of __PASSIVE________ transport.

5.

Endocytosis is an example of ACTIVE___Transport.

6.

Exocytosis is an example of _ACTIVE__ transport.

7.

When a cell ingests a solid particle, is it called _PHAGOCYTOSIS_________.

8.

When a cell ingests a liquid particle, is it called PINOCYTOSIS.

9.

Within the nucleus of each cell is a _NUCLEOLUS__ that helps to synthesize RNA, or ribonucleic acid.

1 0.

Within the nucleus of each cell is CHROMATIN, which contains DNA, or deoxyribonucleic acid.

1 1.

_CYTOLOGY_ is the general term for the study of cells.

1 2.

The organelle, which contains the DNA, or brains of the cell is called the NUCLEUS__.

1 3.

The abbreviation RNA stands for RIBONUCLEIC ACID__.

1 4.

The powerhouse of the cell, or MITOCHONDRIA , is an organelle that produces the energy the cell needs to carry out its functions.

1 5.

Cells that need to move have long whip-shaped tails called FLAGELLUM__________.

Option

Your Answer:

cell membrane cytoplasm nucleus mitochondria centrosomes Golgi apparatus bacteria virus fungi protozoa

D. boundary that surrounds and protects the cell E. environment within the cell F. control center of the cell A. generates the energy to power the cell B. builders of new structures within each cell C. processes, stores, and transports proteins B. small organisms that can be either harmless or pathogenic, and can be killed with antibiotics A. Tiny, infectious particles with a core containing genetic material, which use the body cells to reproduce C. one-celled or multicelled plantlike organisms that cause infections such as thrush or athlete's foot D. one-celled organisms in water or soil; sometimes transmitted by a vector, such as a mosquito

rough endoplasmic reticulum

D. synthesizes protein

smooth endoplasmic reticulum lysosomes cytoskeleton vesicles flagella

B. synthesizes lipids (fats) C. use digestive enzymes to break down unneeded particles E. provides shape to the cell A. transport carriers of various substances F. tails that provide movement to certain cells

Option

Your Answer: C. The breaking off and spreading of malignant cells. D. Glucose cannot get into cells without facilitated diffusion because insulin is either absent or the cells are insensitive to insulin A. A genetic condition where patients are missing an enzyme called phenylalanine hydroxylase. B. Incurable, fatal genetic disorder caused by the malformation of membrane channels for chloride and sodium ions. E. A solid particle is being transported into the cell; a form of endocytosis.

1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5

metastasis diabetes mellitus phenylketonuria cystic fibrosis phagocytosis

Option

Your Answer: C. Caused by a missing enzyme in the lysosomes of cells in the nervous system. E. Cancerous. B. Condition in which blood cholesterol is too high. D. Non-cancerous, non-malignant. A. A prokaryote, grows rapidly and reproduces by splitting in half.

2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5

Tay Sachs malignant hypercholesterolemia benign bacteria