Conjunctions (Conjunciones)

Las conjunciones son empleadas para enlazar entre s las palabras y/o oraciones. Hay dos tipos de conjunciones y la posicin que tiene dentro de una oracin depende del tipo. Adems, hay tres formas de conjunciones. Las conjunciones ms comunes son "and," "but" y "or".

Ejemplos: She works at a bank and goes to university. She works at a bank and goes to university. (Trabaja en un banco y va a la universidad.)

I like to swim in the ocean, but only if the water is warm. I like to swim in the ocean, but only if the water is warm. (Me gusta nadar en el ocano, pero slo si el agua es caliente.)

We can study now or later. We can study now or later. (Podemos estudiar ahora o ms tarde.)

Types of Conjunctions (Los tipos de conjunciones)

1. Conjunciones coordinantes: Este tipo de conjuncin se utiliza cuando queremos enlazar dos frases que tienen el mismo valor. o Ejemplos: o She likes to sing and dance She likes to sing and dance. (Le gusta cantar y bailar.)
o

I want to move to London so I am studying English. I want to move to London so I am studying English. (Quiero mudarme a Londres, por lo tanto estoy estudiando ingls.)

They are moving to Barcelona, however they really like Madrid. They are moving to Barcelona, however they really like Madrid. (Se mudan a Barcelona sin embargo les gusta mucho Madrid.)

and, but, however, or, so, then, therefore, yet.... Posicin: Siempre van entre las frases o palabras.

2. Conjunciones subordinantes: Se utiliza este tipo de conjuncin cuando una de las frases depende de la otra (frase subordinada). La frase subordinada no tiene sentido sin la otra. La mayoria de conjunciones son subordinantes. o Ejemplos: o I have been working at the bank since 2005. I have been working at the bank since 2005. (Llevo trabajando en el banco desde 2005.)
o

She is studying English so that she can move to London. She is studying English so that she can move to London. (Est estudiando ingls para que pueda mudarse a Londres.)

They went to the beach although it was raining. They went to the beach although it was raining. (Fueron a la playa aunque estaba lloviendo.)

although, as, after, before, if, since, so that, until, when... Posicin: En general van adelante de la frase subordenada. Nota: Hay tres formas de conjunciones: simple (de una sola una palabra), compleja (ms de una palabra y generalmente seguido por "as" o "that") o correlativa (rodean a un adjetivo o a un adverbio, tales como "if...then"). Ingls after after although although and and as as as as as...as as long as as long as as soon as as soon as as well as as well as because because Espaol despus de aunque y como, cuando, mientras tan...como siempre que, con tal de que en cuanto, tan pronto... como adems de, as como, tambin porque X X X X X X X Coordinante Subordinante X X

before before both and both...and but but either or either...or even if even if even though even though however however if if in case in case in order to in order to moreover moreover neither nor neither...nor nevertheless nevertheless nor nor now that now that or or once once since since so so so that so that then then

antes de no slo, sino tambin, tanto...como pero, sino o...o aunque aunque sin embargo si en caso de que, por si para, con objeto de adems ni...ni sin embargo, no obstante ni ahora que o una vez que desde que as que para que entonces X X X X X X X X X X X

X X

X X X

X X

therefore therefore though though unless unless until until when when whereas whereas whether whether whether or whether...or yet yet

por lo tanto, por consiguiente aunque a menos que hasta que cuando mientras que si si...o sin embargo, no obstante

X X X X X X X X X