INTRODUCTION

A growing concern is made up of people. People are the most vital part of enterprise in producing goods and the people do services, Selling of the product and making profit. Hence no business enterprise can exist without People .An organisations qualitiy of work and its effectiveness depends upon the employees who constitute its workforce. Of all the factors of production, human factor is by far the most important one; the success of a business depends on the human element.

The Factories Act (1948) lays important on the working condition in regards to various matters relating to the health, safety and welfare of the workers. These provisions impose upon the Employers certain obligations. That is., To protect workers, unwary as well as negligent from accidents. To secure for them employment condition conductive to their health, safety and welfare.

These provisions also acquires the managers to maintain inspection staff and make provision for maintenance of health, cleanliness, prevention of overcrowding and amenities like lighting, ventilation, drinking water etc.

The act requires the appointment of the welfare officer and safety officers in all establishment employing more than 300 workers in a factory. The Workmans Compensation Act (1923) entitles workers to compensate any injury arising out due to his employment and certain industrial decreases, so the employers carry out the provision of the act for the well being of the workers. The main aim of the Factories Act is to protect employees from being subjected to unduly long hours of body strain or mental work.

SCOPE OF THE STUDY

The scope of the project Employee Safety and Health at Rallifan power Appliaances private Limited is to identify the nature of safety and health policies existing inside the company. An accident free plant with healthy workers enjoys certain benefits, major one being substantial saving in costs, productivity.

The function of safety programme will be effective only when comprehensive and effective system is incorporated for reporting all accidents causing damages or injury. Adequate accident records and statistics. Systematic procedures for carrying out safety checks, inspection and investigation.

Methods for ensuring that safety equipments is maintained and used. Safety has to be provided by the management to ensure the continuing good health of their employees. The study identifies the cause for occurrence of major accidents, frequency of occurrence of accidents, satisfaction level of employee towards health inspection and policies. Employees opinion towards discomfort in doing routine job is observed. Effective Safety and Health measures leads an organisation to achieve its goal.

OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY

PRIMARY OBJECTIVE
To analyse Employee Safety and Health measures existing in the organisation.

SECONDARY OBJECTIVES
To find out the satisfaction level of employees towards safety and health measures provided by the company. To find out the cause for the occurrence of accidents.

REVIEW OF LITERATURE
The literature review is a critical look at the existing research that is significant to the work that the researcher is carrying out. Generally, the purpose of a review is to analyze critically a segment of a published body of knowledge through summary, classification, and comparison of prior research studies, reviews of literature, and theoretical articles. A review may be a selfcontained unit -- an end in it -- or a preface to and rationale for engaging in primary research. The literature review provides the context for the research by looking at what work has already been done in the research area. It is not supposed to be just a summary of other people's work. The following studies indicate survey report on the employees safety and health made by different companies in different countries and other related reports.

2005 Employee Benefits Report,Employee benefits have been at the forefront of political debates and labor negotiations for quite some time. The lack of information relating to employee benefits has left Rhode Island employers asking many questions regarding where they stand in comparison with other employers in the state.

The Rhode Island Department of Labor and Training, Labor Market Information unit recently conducted a survey of businesses operating in Rhode Island to determine the type and frequency of benefits offered to workers in the Ocean State . According to the survey, the most commonly offered benefits are Health Insurance and Vacation/Consolidated Paid leave, followed by Retirement Plans and Dental Benefits.

The 2005 Rhode Island Employee Benefits Report provides interesting insight into the types of benefits employers offer to full- and part-time workers in the Ocean State . It can be a valuable tool for both employers and employees to use during contract negotiations and for evaluating job offers. This Employee Benefits Report is based on a survey of nearly 2,000 Rhode Island

private sector employers having three or more employees. The sampled firms represented over 226,500 employees.

Responses were received from 1,257 firms providing information for over 130,000 employees. i Training division, district and plant management the same way ensures that all employees hear a consistent safety message from the Company. That's why teams of trainers hit the road to spread the safety and health message. Taking safety training on the road is the best method for reaching plant management and providing them with guidelines and resources for communicating the safety and health message.

Systematic training of industrial employees is necessary if they are to do their jobs effectively and safely. This is an inescapable requirement, regardless of how carefully employees are selected or how much aptitude and experience they may have for the jobs to which they are assigned. Jack B.Re .Velle ,Joe Stephenson- Before any employee starts a job that is new to him or her, it is the companys responsibility to provide safety and health training for that specific job. The safety and health training is required for new employee, an employee who is changing jobs has been changed. The immediate supervisor is the best person to provide safety and health training for employee starting job new to them, because this individual knows the most about the hazards involved in the jobs under his or her supervision ii.

Labour Welfare refers to betterment of work for employees that relates to taking care of the wellbeing of workers by employers, trade unions, and governmental and non-governmental agencies.

i The Rhode island Employee Benefits Report,2005.

ii Jack B.Re .Velle,Joe Stephenson, Safety Training Method:Practical Solution For The Next Millennium, Wiley Interscience Publication,7th Edition,P-11.

The Labour Investigation Committee(1946) defines ,Labour Welfare Work as anything done for the intellectual, physical, moral, and economic benefits of workers whether by employer ,by government, by other agencies over and above what is laid down by law, what in normally expected as part of the contractual benefits for which the worker may have bargainediii .

Safety programme deals with the prevention of accidents and with minimizing the resulting loss and damages to persons and property. Providing safety to the employees has moral dimension, in addition to being a legal requirement. Thomas R. Krause (1995),Practices and procedures that are prejudicial to sustained high safety performance may still be present in the system, and these must be considered along ... ignore this fact and proceed on the basis of incident rates. Analogous to defining the physical health of an individual as the ... stress. Managers, supervisors, and wage-roll employees almost always know it when their facility has bad safetyiv.

Stress is negatively related to performance. Higher the stress level, lower will be the performance.To reduce the harmful effects of stress the cause should be identified and then should be modified or eliminated. Fred Luthans(1998),Stress is an adaptive response to an external situation that results in physical, psychological and/or behavioral deviations for organisational participantsv. A safety and health policy specifies the companys goals and designates the responsibilities and authority for their achievement.

iii The labour investigation committee report, 1946, p-336

iv

Employee-Driven Systems for Safe Behavior : Integrating Behavioral and Statistical

Methodologies (Industrial Health & Safety) by Thomas R. Krause (29 May, 1995) Wiley. v Fred Luthans,Organisational Behaviour,McGraw Hill,1998,P.330

Victor Kanikkai Raj(1992) in his study job satisfaction of textile mill employees with references to units in Coimbatore city .stresses that the employee have to be provided with as many as health and safety facilities which are necessary satisfaction .
vi

for their betterment and job

In safety inspection a report of the findings is made to the management .Inspection varies in intensity and scope, but the procedures and objective remain the same.

Hazards news(2006) feels thatWorkplace safety inspections in the UK have plummeted to a new low, increasing the chances of workers being killed, made ill or injured by their jobs, according to new official figures released by TUCvii . The previously unpublished figures were obtained by the TUC-backed safety journal Hazards from the Health and Safety Executive (HSE), which originally denied recording the information.

Safety plants are efficient plants .It spend less time worrying about employees safety and wellbeing.

M.V.Moorthy(1968) Opinions that Safety refers to the absence of accidents. Stated differently, safety refers to the protection of workers from the dangers of accidentsviii.

The well-being of the employee in an industrial establishment is affected by accidents and by ill health; physical as well as mental .Health service has to be provided by the management to ensure the continuing good health of their employees. vi Victor kanikkai raj job satisfaction of textile mill employee1992
vii

Hazards, Number 94, April-June 2006- Hazards news, 20 May 2006, Hazards Magazine. M.V.Moorthy,Principles of Labour Welfare,Gupta Brothers,1968,p.148

viii

Corporate Responsibility Report (2005) states that Our occupational health programme aims to promote the health and safety of our employees. This means ensuring a good fit between the person and the job and recommending any suitable adjustments. Our approach is to take action through practical support and training and by raising awareness of work-related health issues ix. Corporate Responsibility Report (2005),In 2005 health and safety performance improved in most parts of the business. Substantial progress was made towards our targets and with our preventive programmes, and there was a general reduction in the frequency of workplace injuries and ill health. Our upstream businesses achieved excellent performance standards, a sign of our employees commitment and the impact of our safety programmesx .

ix Corporate Responsibility Report 2005.

Corporate Responsibility Report 2005, http;//www.CR Report 2005-employee-safety and

health-occupational health.com.