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Jolanta P
olk Reye
Name:
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Teacher:
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English 2 Medio Original text Jolanta Polk Teaching English as a Foreign Language, Dublin, Irlanda. Teacher training, translation and English Literature, University of Silesia, Poland.
2010 Ediciones Cal y Canto N de Inscripcin: 180.758 ISBN: 978-956-8623-65-4 Reimpresin 2011 Ediciones Cal y Canto N de Inscripcin: 180.758 ISBN: 978-956-8623-65-4 Reimpresin 2012 Ediciones Cal y Canto N de Inscripcin: 180.758 ISBN: 978-956-8623-65-4 Original illustrations Design General Publisher Publisher Assistant Publisher Designed by Cover designed by Layout by Proofreading Illustrations General Production Production Assistant Recording Producer Photos Ediciones Cal y Canto Ediciones Cal y Canto Jorge Muoz Rau Alicia Manonellas Balladares Gloria Caro Opazo Ly-Sen Lam Daz Mara Jess Moreno Guldman Mara Jess Moreno Guldman Rodolfo Acosta Castillo Juvenal Seplveda Aravena Thomas Connelly Venus Astudillo Cecilia Muoz Rau Lorena Briceo Gonzlez Rodrigo Gonzlez Daz Banco de Fotos Ediciones Cal y Canto
All rights reserved; no part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, transmitted in any form, or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the publisher. La materialidad y fabricacin de este texto est certificado por el IDIEM - Universidad de Chile.
Jolanta Polk Reyes Teaching English as a Foreign Language, Dublin, Ireland. Teacher training, translation and English Literature, University of Silesia, Poland.
SET UP Some interesting pictures to provide a setting and some simple exercises to activate your previous knowledge. You can also examine the objectives of the unit here.
READING The tasks will help you to develop strategies to improve your understanding of written texts. LISTENING The tasks will help you to develop strategies to improve your understanding of spoken messages.
take a Closer look Section designed to help you revise or discover a particular grammar structure. The activities are meant to promote independent learning. Play It Section designed to motivate you with various entertaining games. Fast CheCk These short evaluation activities allow you to analyse your performance. You complete the tasks within a time limit and check your points.
APPLY YOUR KNOWLEDGE These attractive and entertaining activities will motivate you to study and put into practice what you are learning.
Bear it in mind
Interesting bits of information on the topics of the lesson.
Mi d n
a t e se r
CHECK AND CORRECT A formal test at the end of the unit to evaluate your progress and help you to discover what you need to revise.
In this section you will find interesting stories and funny illustrations, connected with the topic of the unit.
Danger
This section will help you to be aware of the most common grammar errors. You can find additional information at the web site(s) suggested.
FINAL CHECK Guided analysis of your strengths and weaknesses, to help you to check your progress and find ways to improve.
NAME
PAGES 8 - 39
Reading We Are Happy To Announce . . 10 Decoding Writing . . . . . . . . . . 22 Two Announcements . . . . . . . 36 Listening Am I Getting Through To You?. . 16 Visible Body. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28 The Morse Code . . . . . . . . . . . . 37 Speaking To participate in a guided oral text imitating a model . . . . . . 14 To consolidate key expressions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 To talk about topics expressing their own ideas . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26 To imitate a model conversation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32 To imitate a model conversation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38 Writing To rewrite a passage using linking words . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 To write a short text consolidating language learnt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 To write a short report . . . . . . 27 To write a short paragraph . . 33 To rewrite a passage using linking words . . . . . . . . . 39
NAME
NAME
NAME
NAME
BIBLIOGRAPHY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .200
set UP
2 Look at the illustration below with your partner and answer these questions.
a. Why can they not understand each other? b. What languages are they speaking? c. What can they do to communicate? Mi d n a t e se r
Why do we communicate? People communicate with each other for many reasons. These are some of them. - They want to spread news. - They want to warn of dangers. - They want to pass on information. - They want to ask for help. - They want to express feelings.
THINK AHEAD
Danger
Why - Because Pay attention to these examples: Why do people need to eat? Because they need energy for their bodies. Why are you reading this book? Because it is interesting. Notice that we always use why to ask for the reason / purpose of an action and because to give the reason / purpose of an action. Why is the equivalent of Spanish por qu and because is the equivalent of Spanish porque.
o.uk 1stitch@yahoo.c
Gainsbo rough
Katie Price
1
NEEDED
SHORT ORDER CHEF FOR A BUSY MID-TOWN CHINESE RESTAURANT
CALL MR. WONG AT
On 13 March, the company N moved from 13 , Gainsborough Road to 245 Trafalgar Trafalga Street. r We hope to see you there. Management ITCI Centre
3
Dear customer s
245
0756 6789678
FOR MORE DETAILS
3 Which of the words in the box would you expect to find in a text
announcing the winner of a competition?
10
UNIT 1
GO AHEAD
Danger
Cognates help you understand a text. But watch out for false cognates or false friends. They can make a text more confusing because they are pairs of words in two languages that look and / or sound similar, but have different meanings. Examples: Spanish arena = sand (not arena, which is a sort of stadium). English balloon = globo (not baln) English introduce = presentar a alguien (not present a paper or a report). English competition = competencia (not competence = skills/abilities).
4 Have a quick look at the text. Why are some parts of it highlighted in bold
or written in a different colour? a. They are announcing the winners of the competition. b. They are the only important parts. c. They are more important than other parts.
5 Scan the text. What symbols can you find? List them in your notebook.
What do they mean?
6 Copy this diagram in your notebook. Scan the text again and complete
the diagram with the corresponding information.
Title of Competition Runner up 1 Judge 1 Winner Runner up 2 Judge 2
9 Find sentences in the text that mean the same as the following.
a. He lives in Edinburgh. b. Roland isn't interested in becoming a professional writer. c. The William Trevor is a competition organised every year. d. Roland is a doctor who looks after children. Find more false friends at: http://www.saberingles.com.ar/curious/falsefriends.html
11
ANNOUNCEMENT
2008 The organising committee of the Story Short Trevor William ce the Competition is pleased to announ test. And result of this year's con 1,000 although we received more than ee as the entries we chose just thr winning stories. Introducing The Winner s the The winner, Roland Brand, beside vices County Council Library & Arts Ser computer prize of 1,000 gets a laptop of contributed by PC Factory. The title re Road. the winning entry is The Wi About the Author ting, When not occupied with his wri rking in a Roland Brand is busy wo is a children's hospital. Roland be on call paediatrician and needs to rking day and night. Rolands wo is intense hours are long and the work to his but he still likes to dedicate time passion: writing. e a Roland doesn't want to becom with professional writer - he is happy write? He his career. But why does he The organising committee is also pleased to announce the next n International Short Story Competitio re to take place in 2012. If you need mo details access our new website m www.mitchelstownshortstoryprize.co r entries to from 1st May 2009. Send you shortstory@mitchelstown.com
king thinks that writing is a way of loo sonality. after the creative side of his per ners Introducing Runner up Prize Win 50 Runner up prizes of 150 each and to the book vouchers are awarded following contestants: Jo Campbell, London. ool Although by profession Jo is a sch lude bus driver, her other interests inc reading painting, walking her dog and like romantic fiction. She doesn't thinks watching television because she s she it is a waste of time. What doe time prefer? She prefers to spend her writing! Imelda Carroll, Bridgetown ides Imelda is a housewife who, bes ter short stories and poetry, loves win ntries sports, learning about exotic cou and jazz. is a The William Trevor Competition n 1,000 contest which attracts more tha yne entries each year. Judges Debby Ma ct the and J.A. Konrad helped to sele lished best stories. Ms Mayne is a pub luding author of five works of fiction inc d for The Last Dance - a book short-liste . She the National Children's Award band. lives in Cambridge with her hus gazine Mr Konrad is the editor of the ma s in True Stories and he reside of a Edinburgh. He is also the author ht. poetry collection entitled First Lig
and from the original Source: Adapted from Reader's Digest ion announcement, 2007. William Trevor Short Story Competit
12
UNIT 1
MAKE CONNECTIONS
take a Closer look
linking words 1. Read these sentences from the text and notice how we link sentences in English. a. Roland is a paediatrician and needs to be on call day and night. b. Although by profession Jo is a school bus driver, her other interests include painting, walking her dog and reading romantic fiction. c. She doesn't like watching television because she thinks it is a waste of time. d. Roland Brand, besides the County Council Library & Arts Services prize of 1,000 gets a laptop computer contributed by PC Factory. e. Roland's working hours are long and the work is intense, but he still likes to dedicate time to his passion: writing.
2. We usually use shorter sentences when speaking and longer sentences in writing. Linking words provide a text with cohesion and illustrate how the parts of the text relate to each other We use and to add extra information, but to contrast ideas, because to explain the reason, besides to say that there is something additional included and although to indicate a contradiction. 3. Go back to the text and copy all the sentences that contain these linking words into your notebook. Can you understand them better now?
11 Study these additional linking words and their function. Which sentences from
Exercise 10 can you rewrite using these options? In some cases you can / must switch the order of the sentences around (first sentence goes second).
Function To add a point To contrast two points To note consequences Middle of sentence and but because At the beginning to a new sentence In addition, also However, although So ...
13
have a Chat
12
Complete this dialogue about the text with a partner. Practise with the recording and then role play it in front of the class. A: B: A: B: A: B: A: B: Now that you have some information about the competition, can you tell me why Roland Brand gets 1,000 and a laptop computer? _________________________________________________________. And why does he not want to become a professional writer? _________________________________________________________. So, if he doesn't want to be a professional writer, why does he write? _________________________________________________________. And do you know why Jo Campbell doesn't like watching TV? _________________________________________________________.
13 Answer the questions and match your answers with the pictures.
a. Why do you need to put a stamp on the envelope? b. Why do you need to stop your car? c. Why do you need to use coins?
Fast CheCk
(10 points)
a. In order to communicate effectively, humans developed languages, signs and / but writing. b. Although / but sometimes people speak the same language they cannot communicate. c. You need to learn English and / because the world is becoming more and more globalised. d. It is easy to say I love you because / but more difficult to prove it. e. Although / besides a laptop the winner also gets a cash prize.
Your result: 0-5 Review the lesson 6-8 Quite good 9 - 10 Excellent
14
UNIT 1
WrIte It DoWn
15 Rewrite the passage below joining some of the sentences. Use linking
words such as but, and, because, although, besides and others you know.
Hi, my name is Joe. I am new to short story writing. I love writing. It is very relaxing. It helps me to rest after I come back from school. Sometimes I am really tired. I write stories anyway. I often read my stories several times. I correct them. It takes time to write. I try to write a few sentences every day.
Play It These are connectors tic-tac-toe. a. Play with a partner against another couple. b. Each pair must win three squares in a straight line to win the game, as in normal tic-tac-toe. c. Pairs win a square by saying a correct sentence with their chosen word, using a correct linking word. Example: I like watching documentaries and films on television.
1
CheCk It over!
4
I did OK I did really well!
Tick one box in each row according to your performance in this lesson.
I need more work Reading Speaking Writing
15
THINK AHEAD
Mi d n a t e se r
1 What do you think the expression get through in the title of the lesson means?
a. Contact / communicate b. Finish / terminate c. Succeed / triumph
For more rhymes you can visit the Rhyme Zone dictionary at www.rhymezone.com
16
UNIT 1
4 Answer the questions and write the words in the grids. Read each letter
marked in blue. The answer gives you the subject of the listening text. a. What do you use to send an e-mail? b. What do you use to call your friend in another city? c. What's another word for talk? d. What do you put in an envelope? e. What's another word for tell?
Mi d n
a t e se r
a. b. c. d. e.
Why do we listen? We listen for different reasons: for pleasure (music, bird song), to understand explanations, for instructions so that we know how to carry out a task, for information in the case of the news or the weather forecast, and also to get the main idea of a story or a narration.
GO AHEAD
Listen to the two recordings. Which one is a rap and which one is a poem? Listen again. Which of the two mentions different ways of communicating? Listen to the text you identified and in your notebook write at least four ways of communicating. Which expressions from Exercise 2 are mentioned in the second recording? Write them down in your notebook. What feelings do they express? Listen again and choose the best adjective to describe each piece of poetry. a. The first piece is i. sad ii. cheerful iii. critical
iii. descriptive
17
10
Listen again. Which of the two words is mentioned in each recording? Recording I a. i. rich b. i. feel ii. reach ii. fill Recording II a. i. will b. i. need ii. wheel ii. knit
11
Listen once more and choose one of these titles for each piece. a. A Lesson in Communication c. How I Miss my Little Girl b. Dance and Rap d. When I Grow up
MAKE CONNECTIONS
take a Closer look
Beside v/s besides 1. Read these sentences from the listening text. Pay special attention to the preposition in bold. a. We can sign a sign or write a little rhyme besides making a call. b. We can type on our computer besides using a fax or sending a scooter.
Bear it in mind
We use expressions such as Well done! or Wow, what a surprise! to express feelings of pleasure, surprise, interest etc. They are called interjections. There are other interjections such as Oh!, Um or Ah! and we use them quite often, usually more in speaking than in writing. People also use them when they don't know what to say, or to indicate that they are thinking about what to say.
2. Compare these sentences. a. We can sign a sign or write a little rhyme besides making a call to a friend down the hall. b. We can make a call to a friend who lives beside us down the hall. c. We can type on our computer besides using a fax or sending a scooter. d. We can use the fax that is beside the computer on the desk. 3. Besides is a preposition that means in addition to. Besides Paula she also invited Kate. 4. Besides is also an adverb that means also. The film was too long. Besides, it was very boring. 5. Beside is a preposition that means next to. Sit beside me, please! 6. Read the examples from the text again. How many actions can the speaker take in each case?
18
UNIT 1
12 Beside or besides?
a. You should sit beside / besides your brother. b. No one talked to her besides / beside her mother. c. The cinema is besides / beside the supermarket. d. She works all day. Besides / beside, she has to do the housework. e. When she is sad she doesn't like any company besides / beside her pet cat.
13 Form sentences putting these parts in the correct order. Change capitals
to small letter where necessary. a. Is good at math - Although he - Before tests. - He likes to review b. Janis also likes - Cooking - Besides reading - And jogging. c. Much money - Because she doesn't have - An economy ticket Grace is buying d. But she doesn't know - To speak French - Juliet knows how Much German.
14 The teacher will give you the transcript of the first recording. Practise it
with a partner. Then make a presentation to the whole class. The best presentation gets a good mark! have a Chat
15
Complete these dialogues expressing surprise, interest, sympathy or pleasure. Use the expressions in Exercise 2. Check with the recording and then practise the dialogues with your partner. Role play one in front of the class.
19
16 Fill in the gaps in this text about different ways of communicating with
the expressions in the box.
computer
gestures
photos
speaking
telephone
We use various ways of communicating with each other; the most effective are _________ and _________, but these types of communication require people to be present in front of each other. The problem arises when two people are at a distance. The invention of the _________ makes it possible to communicate even when people are far away from each other. Unfortunately, this channel only allows us to use our voice but not images. However, the invention of the _________ helps us share a huge amount of information through other types of data such as written messages, _________ and even videos.
Fast CheCk
(10 points)
Danny can't go to the park with us. Oh, now I understand. You divide the number by two and Wow, that's really great, Annie. subtract 10. I can speak Spanish and English!
Your result: 0-5 Review the lesson
20
UNIT 1
WrIte It DoWn
Mi d n
a t e se r
18 Work in pairs. Your friend is telling you about the way people
communicate. Write down what he / she tells you using sentences with linking words such as and, because, or, although, besides, and but. Example: Jorge says that sometimes people speak the same language BUT they don't communicate. We need to communicate BECAUSE we live in society. To communicate we can use different channels, for example the telephone, email OR letters.
We always talk like this, using our home telephone numbers.
Yes, but look at Standing Bear. He bought a mobile phone only yesterday!
a. Prepare cards with these linking words: although, besides, but, and, because and or. b. Place them face up on the table. c. Player 1 reads the first sentence and all the players must try to tap the right linking word . d. The Player who first puts his / her hand on the linking word says the complete sentence. If the sentence is correct, he / she wins 10 points; if it isn't, Player 2 reads the first sentence again. e. The game continues until all the sentences have been correctly completed. f. The winner is the player who has the most points. Sentences 1. There is bread ___ butter for breakfast. 2. His mother won't be there, ___ his father might. 3. They are tired ___ they worked all night. 4. ___ the sun was shining it wasn't very warm. 5. Is your sister older ___ younger than you. 6. ___ working as a teacher, he also writes poems in his spare time.
CheCk It over!
4
I did OK I did really well!
Tick one box in each row according to your performance in this lesson.
I need more work Listening Speaking Writing
21
DecoDInG WrItInG
READING
Lesson 3
THINK AHEAD
1 Can you match the examples of alphabets (1 - 5) with their names (a. - e.)?
Bear it in mind
When we give the reason for our actions, we use the word because. I am watching this film because I think it is interesting. We can also use since and as when the reason is known. Since I'm already in the cinema, I will watch the movie. As you already know, I like horror movies.
a. Arabic
b. Chinese
c. Cyrillic
d. Greek
e. Latin
3 Which culture do you think the pictures below represent? How do you
know? Give reasons. a. Ancient Egyptian b. Ancient Greek c. Ancient Maya.
4 Considering the pictures above and the information you have discussed,
what do you think the text you are going to read will be about?
22
UNIT 1
Ashmolean Museum Beaumont Street Oxford, UK OX1 2PH Tel: (01865) 278000 Fax: (01865) 278018 Report No. 23/ 2008 From: Prof, Geoff Harding To: Dr. Karen Rasmussen
on the brochure we are report to inform you of the progress As requested by you, I am writing this on the Mayan tablet about the investigation on the writing aring for the visitors to our museum and prep in the possession of our museum. need to write it in simple all ages, including school children, we Because the brochure is for tourists of We also need to it and make the best use of our work. e. This way, all readers can understand at. We need languag brochure user-friendly and nice to look pictures because we want to make the include lots of our own museum exhibits. sible and we need to include pictures of to get as many original pictures as pos helping ght because two graduate students are going very well and faster than we thou Our work is the brochure under the the pictures. I think it is best to write me with the preparation of the text and following headings: ideograms Composition - phonetic symbols and an writing Origin of May Recent discoveries Material used for writing e my work? stions and requests so that I can continu Can you please also answer a few que help with the brochure? 1. Are we getting any new students to ures? with all the equipment to take good pict 2. Are you sending us a photographer, I need to know because of copies of the brochure or only 3,000? 3. Are we printing more than 5,000 the costs. e but I need your reply as soon as possibl busy with the Roman Coin exhibition, I'm sure you are very because we are short of time. city of Palenque origin of the tablet, I believe that it is the second point of my report and the real ets found As to the we have looks very similar to other tabl duras or Guatemala because the tablet (1) and not Hon e soon because all the decode the message on the tablet quit at the location. And I think that we can s our theory. information we have so far corroborate . er to discuss new plans for the museum are meeting on Tuesday evening for dinn Please remember we Yours Prof. Geoff Harding
______________ ________________________________ the Mexican state of Chiapas. (1) Near the Usumacinta River in
t of Mesoamerican Studies, Source: Foundation for the Advancemen eum, Oxford, UK on-line bulletin, and Ashmolean Mus
23
GO AHEAD
5 Read the text on page 23 and check your predictions in Exercise 4. 6 As you can see, the report on page 23 is presented in four different
colours. Can you match each part with the corresponding topic? a. Progress report on the brochure b. Progress report on the investigation c. Introduction d. Questions and requests
7 Why are some parts in the text on page 23 marked with bullet points ()?
Mi d n a t e se r a. Because the writer wants to make the text more interesting. b. Because the writer wants to enumerate several ideas in a short way. c. Because the writer wants to show that he knows how to write a report.
8 What do we call the note indicated by the number (1) in the last paragraph
Why was the police officer under the blanket?
9 Read the text on page 23 again and choose the best option to complete
the sentences. a. Prof. Harding is working on the brochure i. alone. ii. with some students. b. The brochure will include i. text and pictures. ii. drawings and photos.
c. Mayan writing is composed by i. hieroglyphics and letters. ii. phonetic and other symbols.
d. Prof. Harding thinks the tablet he is investigating is from i. Mexico. ii. Honduras.
10 Read the text on page 23 again and find these reasons. Write sentences in
your notebook using because. a. Reason(s) for writing the report. b. Reason(s) for using simple language in the brochure. c. Reason(s) for including lots of pictures in the brochure. d Reason(s) why Prof. Harding needs a fast reply.
11 Now match Prof. Harding's questions in the text on page 23 (1. - 3.) with
Dr. Rasmussen's answers below (a. - c.). a. I think that we do not need too many copies of the brochure because it would be a waste of money. b. Gerald Standing is free to take photos next Thursday. c. I'm not sure if we can spare any extra people to help you any time soon.
24
UNIT 1
MAKE CONNECTIONS
take a Closer look
the Present Continuous 1. Read these sentences from the report on page 23. a. As requested by you, I am writing this report to inform you of the progress on the brochure. b. Two graduate students are helping me with the preparation of the text and the pictures. c. Are we getting any new students to help with the brochure? d. Are we printing 5,000 copies of the brochure?
2. What do the sentences above refer to? a. Activities happening right now. b. Activities happening in the present but not necessarily this very moment. c. Activities happening in the near future, especially planned future events. 3. All three answers are correct. Sentence a. refers to an activity happening right now. Sentence b. refers to an activity happening in the present but not necessarily at this very moment and sentences c. and d. refer to activities happening (or not) in the near future, especially in planned future events. 4. Go back to the text and find three more sentences in the Present Continous. What do they refer to?
25
16
Now listen to the conversation. Check your answers, practise with your partner and role play the conversation in front of the class.
17 Fill in the gaps in the e-mail with the verb in the Present Continuous to
refer to future plans.
______ to the South for the So, as you know I (a. go) ___ ause I ______ too many clothes bec weekend. I (b. not take) ___ ___ few days but I (d. take) ______ (c. go) _________ for only a t in case it rains. I (e. catch) a warm sweater and a raincoa the Central Station. It usually _________ the 5 pm bus from get there. Whenever I go to the takes around 8 to 10 hours to time, I ause the trip is so long. This south I try to read a book bec in the Rye by Salinger. I also (f. take) _________ Catcher dwich eat, such as crisps and a san (g. buy) _____ some stuff to . I usually get hungry on the bus
26
UNIT 1
Fast CheCk
18 Change the sentences in the negative form into the affirmative form
and the ones in the affirmative form into questions. (10 points) (+) (?) (+) (?) (+) a. He is not going to the doctor's tomorrow. b. Conrad is travelling to Miami with his friends. c. Geraldine is not meeting us for dinner. d. Jim's flight is at 6 p.m. so they are leaving him at the airport. e. They aren't planning to get married until next year.
Your result: 0-5 Review the lesson 6-8 Quite good 9 - 10 Excellent
WrIte It DoWn
4
I did OK I did really well!
Tick one box in each row according to your performance in this lesson.
I need more work Reading Speaking Writing
27
VIsIble boDy
LISTENING
Lesson 4
THINK AHEAD
2 What part of the body do people most frequently use to express nonverbal communication? Rate from 1 (least common) to 5 (most common). Compare with a partner and discuss giving examples of non-verbal communication.
Mi d n
a t e se r
Some theories claim that people can communicate through the transfer of thoughts or feelings by means other than the five classical senses of sight, hearing, taste, smell and touch. This way of communication is called telepathy.
face
fingers
hands
legs
shoulder
28
UNIT 1
d. Everything in that new boutique iv. I love her more than anything else in the world. costs an arm and a leg. v. He talks too much and e. Mmm, give me some more cannot keep secrets. chocolate. I have a sweet tooth.
GO AHEAD
5 6
Listen and check your prediction in Exercise 4. What kind of programme is it? a. A radio talk show. b. A television talk show. c. A radio interview.
Listen again and write who expressed the feelings (speaker), and the expressions they used (expression).
Feeling Speaker Expression
29
Listen again. Are these statements true or false? a. Andrew Remington is a well-known actor. b. Gina Radcliff is preparing a new play. c. Only 7% of our communication is in words. d. More than half of our communication takes place through body language.
Listen once more and choose the correct word. a. I'm a little worried about the word export / expert. b. I also find / found it surprising. c. We're preparing a new play / plan.
MAKE CONNECTIONS
Bear it in mind
Try to learn and use these expressions to express feelings, which are important in everyday language. It worries me a little. It's really interesting. What a surprise! It's such a pleasure. Let me tell you how happy I am. I'm also glad to be here. It's a pleasure. I'm a little worried about her. I also find it surprising. How interesting!
the Present Continuous (Continued) 1. Read these sentences from the listening text. Pay special attention to the verb form in bold.
a. On Wednesday all actors are meeting to discuss how to express anger. b. For example, we're interviewing people about their gestures and facial expressions. c. Others are meeting with psychologists to discuss communication through body language. 2. The Present Continuous is used to talk about arrangements for events at a time later than now. There is a suggestion that more than one person knows about the event, and that there is some preparation for the event. a. Jim is going to Miami tomorrow so I am taking him to the airport - both Jim and I know about it and we have made the arrangements. b. I am leaving town next Monday - I already have my ticket. c. We are staying with friends when we get to Boston - both they and I agree to that. 3. Listen to the last two exchanges of the conversation. Find and write two more example with the Present Continuous. Do they refer to future arrangements? BE CAREFUL! The Simple Present is used when a future event is part of a programme or time-table. Notice the difference between: a. We're having a staff meeting next Monday. b. We have a staff meeting next Monday as we always do.(It's on the time-table.)
30
UNIT 1
11 What arrangements have they made for the future? Write the complete
sentences in your notebook.
12 Connect these sentences using and, or, but, because, although, besides.
a. He knows about body language. He is a drama teacher. b. They use different costumes in the play. They use make-up. c. Lisa likes playing the guitar. She doesn't have time to practise. d. You can use the telephone. You can use the fax machine if you prefer. e. They are doing interviews. They are also meeting with psychologists.
31
have a Chat
13
Copy and complete this conversation in your notebook, using the expressions in the box. Check with the recording.
How interesting! I'm glad It's so nice It worries me a little What a surprise!
Tricia: Nicola: Tricia: Nicola: Tricia: Nicola: Tricia: Nicola: Hi, Nicola! ____________ to see you again. Yes, ____________ to see you too. Jennifer is here too. ____________ Isn't she going to France in three day's time? Yes, she is; but she's here today because her boyfriend has a little role in a new film. ____________. Yes, and she thinks he can get her into a film too. ____________. She has really high hopes and may get disappointed.
14 Practise the conversation with a partner and then role play it in front of
the class.
15 Put the words in order and write the correct sentences in your notebook.
a. going / They /are / to / after / school / the / cinema. b. My / meeting / boss / is / some / people / important / tomorrow. c. She / is / month / taking / her / exams / English / next. d. The / is / on / visiting / a / salesman / client / Monday / new. Fast CheCk
(10 points)
a. What is Becky doing on Monday? i. Yes, in June or July I think. b. Is he flying to New York or Washington? ii. My friends - Karen and Sharon.
c. Are they getting married soon? iii. I'm not sure. I think she is going to a party. d. Why is Dell meeting Tom at the iv. Because he doesn't want to take a taxi. station? e. Who are you meeting after school?
Your result: 0-3 Review the lesson
32
UNIT 1
WrIte It DoWn
17 Observe your classmates and make notes of the body language they use.
Write a short paragraph listing the gestures and expressions they use and what they communicate with them. Example: Camila uses her hands a lot when she talks. She often says how interesting! when she listens to people.
onol og ue s d Tw o m
o not ma kea d ia
l o g u e.
CheCk It over!
4
I did OK I did really well!
Tick one box in each row according to your performance in this lesson.
I need more work Listening Speaking Writing
33
1 Look at the picture carefully. It is Mr. Brook Winston's living room. What does the picture tell you about
him? Use the correct linking words (and, or, but, although, besides, because, since, as) to connect the parts of the sentences. a. Mr. Winston lives in London ___________________ he works in Essex ___________________ usually travels to work by car. b. ________________ he is a well-known pizza chef, he doesn't like cooking at home ________________ he likes doing other things after work. c. Mr. Winston is married ___________________ he has two children. d. ___________________ playing the piano he also plays the violin, ___________________ he doesn't know how to play the trumpet. e. Mr. Winston paints beautiful pictures. He usually uses oil paints ___________________ water colours. f. ___________________ he speaks German very well he doesn't speak French ___________________ he is taking lessons ___________________ he has some friends in France. g. He plays tennis ___________________ he is not playing right now. h. Mr. Winston uses the computer to chat to his friends in France ___________________ Spain. i. ___________________ he is a chef ___________________ knows about nutrition, he likes to eat healthy food. He is eating a salad now ___________________ drinking a glass of milk.
34
UNIT 1
2 Read the letter below. With your partner fill in the gaps with the correct linking words and ask and
answer questions about Ciara and her plans for the future.
12, Clondalkin Road Walkinstown Dublin 12 Ireland Dear Salvador, My name is Ciara ____ I'm from Irel and. Originally, I'm from Galway ____ I am moving to Dublin next month ____ I got a job there as a nurse. ____ speaking English I also speak Gaelic - that's the original language of Ireland. When I get to Dublin I am plan ning to take Spanish lessons. ____ I like the language very much I would like to have a pen pal from South America ____ practise my Spanish. ____ I can play the tin whistle I can 't play the Bodhrn, which is a typica l Irish drum. Apart from Spanish I am plan ning to take Bodhrn lessons when I have a little more time - probably when I am already in Dublin. Next week, I am taking my final nursing exams ____ I am a little worried ____ the exams are so important. I and other students are getting tog ether this weekend to prepare for the exa ms. Can you tell me something about you? Do you play the guitar ____ any oth er instrument? What other languages do you speak apart from English ____ Spanish? I hope you will write to me soon. Love, Ciara.
35
I.
Zak and Theresa Jacob, from here on known as the proud parents, are delighted to announce the birth of their twins, Sahara and Aisha. We can hardly express our joy at the arrival of our baby girls - Sahara with 49 cm and 3.5 kilos and her sister Aisha with 48 cm and 3.2 kilos who are now happily at home and waiting for your visit. You can bring gifts but if you can't, just bring lots of joy and smiles. Blessed with two babies sweet as can be We love this addition to our family! Four more little hands Four more little feet now we can say Our family is complete!
Source: wwwhappygreetings.net
II. "Ladies and gentlemen, this is Jenny O'Connell, your Flight - Service Manager speaking. Please put away all your hand baggage in the overhead compartments or under your seats. The seat belt sign is on so you need to take your seat and fasten your seat belt. Also make sure the back of your seat is straight and trays are in their full upright position. If you are sitting next to an emergency exit, please read the special instructions card located by your seat. You can also ask the flight attendant to help you. You need to turn off all cellular phones, pagers, radios and remote controlled toys for the full duration of the flight because these items can interfere with the navigational and communication equipment on this aircraft. We remind you that this is a non-smoking flight. Smoking is prohibited on the entire aircraft, including the lavatories. If you have any questions about our flight today, please don't hesitate to ask one of our flight attendants. Thank you."
Source: www.airodyssey.net
36
UNIT 1
1 Read the two announcements and identify which one (I or II) shows these characteristics.
a. Formal language d. Serious b. Informal language e. Spoken c. Joyful f. Written
6 pts.
2 Read the announcements again and choose the best option to complete the sentences.
a. The twins were born with i. the same size and weight. ii. different size and weight. b. Visitors i. do not need to bring gifts. ii. need to bring gifts. c. The person speaking in the second announcement is i. the pilot. ii. The Flight Service Manager. d. The flight i. permits smoking. ii. does not permit smoking. e. Travellers i. can use their mobile phones. ii. can't use their mobile phones.
5 pts.
LISTENING - THE MORSE CODE 3 Listen to the recording. What kind of programme is it?
a. A TV programme b. A radio programme
1 pts.
Listen again and write down the following codes. a. Letter A: _______ c. Number 1: _______ b. Letter B: _______ d. SOS: _______
4 pts.
Listen once more and answer these questions. a. Is John a pilot or a naval officer? b. What forms of communication can be used in modern times? c. When was the Morse Code invented? d. How fast can good Morse code operators write?
4 pts.
37
5 pts.
7 Match the sentences (a. - d.) with the corresponding pictures (1 - 4).
a. Jenna and Gloria are going to an ice-cream parlour after school. b. So what time are you meeting John at the train station? c. Are you coming to the party on Thursday? d. I am playing football with some friends in the evening.
4 pts.
SpEAKING 8 Complete the questions in these dialogues using the clues provided. Role play the completed
dialogues with a partner. a. A: What colour / Marion / bedroom? B: She is painting it blue and red!
10 pts.
b. A: Where / Jordan and her friends / handball? B: They are playing in the school gym.
c. A: Why / Kate / eat only a small salad? B: Because she isn't hungry at the moment.
d. A: When / you and Lynn / plan to meet? B: We are planning to meet after school today.
38
UNIT 1
WRITING 9 Join the sentences in this text about communicating using linking words.
Communication is a process between at least two people. When you communicate you understand what other people want to tell you. You offer your own feelings and reactions. You are not born with communication skills. You learn communications skills. We learn communication skills observing other people. We use words and sounds to communicate. We also use other means such as gestures and facial expressions. Communication is important. It helps us understand each other.
10 pts.
Your result:
15 - 34 Acceptable
35 - 49 Great!
Total 49 pts.
FInal CheCk
Always Nearly Always Sometimes Never
44
Choose one alternative according to your performance. Speaking I use English structures correctly. I use varied and correct vocabulary. Others can understand me. Writing My writing is coherent and follows the central idea. I use the correct sentence formation and sentence structure. I use the correct spelling, punctuation, capitalisation and format. Reading I am aware of the differences in tenses, gender and number. I identify the main idea and understand the text as a whole. I can locate details and look for specific information. Listening I can get the general idea. I understand the details and identify speakers. I identify the source of listening texts and recognise the format. Group work I share my ideas with the group. I listen to and respect my partners' points of view. I help solve problems and contribute with relevant information.
Use this clue to work out your score Never = 0 Sometimes = 1 Nearly Always = 2 Always = 3 If you get:
0 - 10 = Watch out! You must look back
and review the whole unit. Ask your teacher and / or a classmate for additional help and remedial work. 11 - 22 = Not too bad, but there are areas you still have problems with. Identify those areas and ask your teacher and / or a classmate for additional help and remedial work. 23 - 34 = You are doing fine, but you can certainly do better. Get together with a classmate and review your weak points. 35 - 45 = Congratulations! Great progress - you may look ahead to the new unit and help your classmates who need to review.
39
40
Set Up
1 Where near your house do you need to go if you want to do the following?
Talk about your personal experiences. a. Get to a boat. c. Put up your tent. e. Have a picnic. b. Find a place to sleep. d. Ask for information. f. Get some food.
3 How good are you at spotting mistakes? Three of these headlines taken from newspapers have one
mistake each, and one of them has no mistakes. Find the mistakes and correct them. a. b. c. d.
4 There are six pairs of antonyms in the box. Can you form the pairs?
clever correct persistent sporadic familiar strange heavy stupid light ordinary wonderful wrong
You can find the 10 most common typos (typing mistakes) at http://www.hongkiat.com/blog/10-most-common-typos-in-blogging/
41
THINK AHEAD
Places
Things we do
People
ballroom chef dance drive golf course guide highway hill hotel life-guard manager maid receptionist restaurant sheep farm skydive stay swimming pool travel use village visit
3 Read the information in the chart. How long do the events last / take?
Say / Write sentences in your notebook. Example: A film lasts one and a half hours. A trip to Easter Island takes 5 hours. / It takes 5 hours to travel to Easter Island.
Duration One and a half hours 45 minutes 2 months 5 hours 2 hours 10 minutes
Event A film A class Our summer holiday A trip to Easter Island A pop concert Eating a pizza
42
UNIT 2
t o ur F ar it o n M o v ie Se t & Fa r M H o bb Ho ry Lord
r is a real must-do for eve The Hobbiton Movie Set & Farm Tou ugh New Zealand. There are just of the Rings (LOTR) fan travelling thro on our real-life sheep farm. Your so many things to do in Hobbiton and ugh the ten-acre site full of hills experienced tour guides take you thro The guides are happy to explain all where the LOTR films were made. tell you stories about the filming about the little people's village and full tour in a horse-drawn process. Optionally, you may take the facility located 3 miles from carriage and visit the cheese making biton tour is one and a half hours. Hobbiton. The duration of the Hob additional 45 minutes to an hour. The cheese farm tour might take an
you stay for at least a few days in After the tour, we recommend that ingual receptionists say hello to you our luxury hotel where our multi-l take a warm bath in a beautifully in four different languages. You may erienced staff who know how to decorated room prepared by our exp , we invite you to our gourmet make a guest welcome. After you rest native of Thailand, only 25 restaurant where it takes our chef, a may choose from a menu from minutes to prepare any dish and you t to try our delicious finger foods five continents. Or, you might wan a variety of dips. such as chips, vegetable sticks and
eo room or they may take the playground facilities or the vid how about children? Kids may use And rse. Adults may life-guard) and enjoy a mini-golf cou the indoor swimming pool (with a a swim in course. ballroom, or use the full-sized golf use the bar, dance in the 5 x 5 metre activities which include: Talk to our manager about other Hot Air Ballooning Tandem Skydives Paintball Shooting
S FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTION lities? ference faci Q.1: Does Hobbiton have con tions. dings, seminars and other celebra A.1: Yes, it's a great venue for wed es and excursions? itional activiti Q.2: Is there an extra charge for add on the activity. A.2: The costs depend Hobbiton? ch or three Q.3: How long does it take to get to might take up to four hours by coa hours by car from Auckland but it A.3: It takes two and a half hours by train. through a website? Q.4: Is it possible to book my visit , or by phone, fax or letter. A.4: Yes, bookings are on-line Room types: Double Single up to 6 people) Family can (might accommodate Hills. ay 27 and turn south after Bombay e from Auckland: Take State Highw How to get her Bookings at Ph: +64 (0) 7 888 9913 Fax: +64 (0) 7 888 7498 Email: office@hobbitontours.co.nz Website www.hobbitontours.com
43
Mi d n
a t e se r
GO AHEAD
5 Read the text and check your predictions in Exercise 4. 6 Read the text again and find the answers to these questions.
a. How long is the Hobbiton tour? b. How long might the additional sheep farm tour take? c. How long does it take the chef to prepare any dish? d. How long is the car journey from Auckland to Hobbiton? e. Does it take more or less time to go to Hobitton by train than by car? f. How long is the trip from Auckland to Hobbiton by coach?
The word holiday is a compound word made up of two other words - holy, meaning saintly, and day. So a holiday is originally a day on which people do not work to celebrate their religious beliefs.
7 Read the text again and write the name of the person in charge.
Person in charge Activities a. Cooking the food. b. Extra activities. c. Looking after children in the swimming pool. d. Preparing the hotel rooms. e. Telling tourists about the farm and the film making process. f. Welcoming the guests.
MAKE CONNECTIONS
9 Fill in the booking form for Hobbiton farm with your own personal details.
You can use your imagination!
____________________ First Name: ________________________________ Surname: ____________ Telephone Number: ____________ Full address: ___________________________________________ _____________________ Language spoken: ___________________________ E-mail address: ______ Form of payment (tick one): Credit card: ___ Cheque: ___ Cash: ___ ___ Telephone: ___ Booking form (tick one): Fax: ___ E-mail: ___ Website: ___ Letter: Type of room (tick one): Single: ___ Double: ___ Family room: ___ ________________________ Full tour or Hobbiton only? ____________________________________ ____________________ Extra attractions? ________________________________________________
44
UNIT 2
10 Write at least three other questions you could ask the Hobbiton Manager
before you book a holiday. Ask your partner to answer them.
Danger
Say and tell mean decir, but they are used differently. You say something but you tell someone something. I said goodbye / I said goodbye to Mary, but I am telling Mary a story. Certain expressions are always used with tell: tell jokes, tell the truth, tell a lie, while others are always used with say: say prayers, say good bye, say hello.
May / might 1. Study these sentences from the text paying special attention to the words in bold.
a. You may take the full tour in a horse-drawn carriage. b. Kids may use the playground facilities or the video room. c. The cheese farm tour might take an additional 45 minutes. d. It might take up to four hours by coach or three and a half hours by train. 2. What do the sentences express? a. Suggestion b. Polite request. c. Possibility.
3. The answer is c - we are expressing that something is possible (we are making a prediction) now or for the future. The only difference is the degree of possibility. a. It may rain tomorrow - it is quite possible it will rain tomorrow(+). b. It might rain tomorrow -it is less possible it will rain tomorrow(). 4. Go back to the reading text. Find and copy all the sentences with may or might. Can you identify the degree of possibility?
13 Make predictions using may / might and the prompts provided . Write the
sentences in your notebook. a. class / organise / picnic or a party b. you / study / gastronomy or marketing c. your friend / go to Arica or Calama d. petrol prices / increase or decrease e. you / see the film "Benjamin Button" on Saturday or on Sunday
45
Have a CHat
15 Match the expressions in the bubbles (a. - c.) with the pictures (1 - 3).
a. c.
b.
16 Use the information in the chart to answer the questions in the dialogue
on page 47.
Event Trip from home to airport Flight Manchester - London Bus trip from airport to uncle's house Whole trip Duration 50 minutes 1 hour 10 minutes 45 minutes ?
46
UNIT 2
So, how long does it take to get to the airport from your house? _____________________________________________________ And what's the duration of the flight from Manchester to London? _____________________________________________________ And then how long is the bus ride from the airport to your uncle's house? Susan: _____________________________________________________ Gordon: And how long does the whole trip take? Susan: _____________________________________________________ Gordon: Wow! That's really long!
17
Listen to the recording, compare your answers and practise the dialogue in pairs.
FaSt CHeCk
Write it DoWn
4
I did OK I did really well!
Tick one box in each row according to your performance in this lesson.
I need more work Reading Speaking Writing
47
THINK AHEAD
Bear it in mind
Why do we need to spell correctly? We need to spell correctly because: Poor spelling creates a bad impression. It is the first thing a reader notices. Examiners, teachers, and prospective employers pay attention to the way we write. Even in these days of word processors and spell checks there are times when we need to handwrite something.
d. If you want to get a good mark in the test you must spell corectly.
Mi d n a t e se r
Plis us the dor at the bak this won is brouken!
I think that
d.
In my opinion .
e.
According to
48
UNIT 2
4 Read the words in the box. Look up those you do not know in a
dictionary. Which ones would you expect to find in a listening text about strange things that we do?
GO AHEAD
5 6
Listen to the recording and check your predictions in Exercise 4. Choose the best title for each item of news. a. Eradicating Typos and Errors by All Means b. The Incredible Adventures of the Typo Man c. Teaching a Parrot to Speak d. Talking Parrot Finds his Way Home
America
Boston
China Santiago
Japan
Massachusetts
Tokyo
Washington
49
Listen once more and complete these sentences from the news. a. You might want to _______ some unusual but positive _______. b. According to Mr. Deck it's _______ to speak and _______ correctly. c. We, on our part, think it's _______ that Mr. Deck might be _______! d. He recited his _______ and address to a man in the _______. e. In my ______ it's ________. f. Its possible smart _______ like Yosuke might help Mr. Deck in his typo _______ campaign!
MAKE CONNECTIONS
10 Which sentences from Exercise 9 express a point of view? 11 The words highlighted in these sentences appeared in the items of news you
listened to, but they have been scrambled. Can you unscramble them? a. They travel around gnsiera typos and errors. b. The parrot followed the instructions of his msaert. c. The pomanlice took the bird to the owner. d. She is a very vepitios person. take a CloSer look
expressing possibility 1. We use may / might to express possible events in the present and the future. However, we can use other expressions. Read these examples from the recording paying special attention to the words in bold.
a. Maybe you want to hear = You might want to hear, some unusual but positive news. b. Language is an important part that possibly makes the difference = language is an important part that might make the difference, between humans and animals. c. We think it's possible that Mr. Deck is right = Mr Deck might / may be right. 2. Look at other examples. Maybe they will visit us next year = They may visit us next year. The train is possibly late = The train might be late. It is possible that he is lost = He might be lost. 3. It is possible to use may / might in short answers. A: Is Gina coming to the party? A: Are they at home right now? B: She might. B: They may be.
4. Listen to the second item of news again. Find three more sentences that express possibility and write them twice in your notebook, once using may / might, and once using maybe, possibly or its possible that.
50
UNIT 2
Write it DoWn
15 Choose one of the two stories you listened to and write a short paragraph
expressing your personal opinion about the situation described. Use the expressions in Exercise 3.
51
Have a CHat
16 Take turns to say the statements below with your partner, expressing your
opinion. You can use the openings in the bubbles.
I think that
In my opinion .
I believe that .
According to
It seems to me
17
Listen to the recording and compare your sentences. Then practise with the recording, paying special attention to accentuation and intonation.
52
UNIT 2
FaSt CHeCk
(10 points)
Your result:
9 - 10 Excellent
play it Find letters on the computer screen to complete these words from the lesson. Each letter can be used only once. A ___ A ___ I ___ G S M ___ ___ T U ___ ___ S ___ ___ L P ___ ___ U L ___ A R W ___ I ___ D O R ___ I N ___ R ___
Y A C U R R
E I Z D
M Y
A N E I
C E A E N
R A L
CHeCk it over!
4
I did OK I did really well!
Tick one box in each row according to your performance in this lesson.
I need more work Listening Speaking Writing
53
tWiSter, tWiSter
READING
Lesson 3
THINK AHEAD
2 Match the descriptions (a. - d.) with the words below (i. - iv.) and the
Mi d n a t e se r pictures of the natural phenomena (1 - 4). a. Visible and very fine water drops or ice particles suspended in the atmosphere at high altitudes. b. A visible flash of light happening when there is an abrupt natural electric discharge in the atmosphere. c. Frozen precipitation in the form of white hexagonal ice crystals falling down in soft, white flakes. d. Water condensed from atmospheric vapour and falling in drops. i. cloud ii. lightning iii. rain iv. snow
Danger
3 4
Not all plurals in English are formed by adding -s or -es. One irregular plural is the word phenomenon, whose plural is phenomena. Other words (mainly of Latin origin) that form their plural in the same way are: bacterium - bacteria criterion - criteria curriculum - curricula medium - media memorandum - memoranda symposium - symposia
Anemometer Barometer Thermometer Weather vane a. We use it to measure air pressure. b. We use it to measure the temperature of the air. c. We use it to measure wind speed. d. We use it to show which direction the wind is blowing from. You can find lots of words related to the weather, the climate and natural phenomena at www.weatherwizkids.com
54
UNIT 2
4 Which of the words in the box would you expect to find in texts about
natural phenomena?
Mi d n
a t e se r
break instrument
cyclone measure
GO AHEAD
5 Read the texts quickly and check your predictions in Exercise 4. 6 Read the texts again and identify the origin of each.
a. Text ___ is a part of a book. c. Text ___ is a part of a report. b. Text ___ is a part of a film script.
7 Read the texts again and match each text with a place.
Text I
Kansas
Text II
Kentucky
Text III
Oklahoma
We measure the intensity of tornadoes according to the Fujita Scale. Tornados can range from F0 - a mild tornado called the gale tornado with little damage to people and property through to F5, known as the incredible tornado, which can destroy strong houses, move cars into the air and uproot very big trees. There is also an F6 tornado called the Inconceivable tornado - it has not happened as yet in the world. You can see the full Fujita scale at http://www.tornadoproject.com/
9 Read the text once more and find at least three words to replace the word
twister.
twister
55
I.
II.
56
UNIT 2
III.
57
MAKE CONNECTIONS
10 Look back at the texts and decide who might have said the following
sentences, Dorothy, Professor Jones or Jo's father.
1
a. ________: If we hurry up we might make it to the cellar! b. ________: I wonder if I may ever get back home! c. ________: I saw big pieces of debris under the twister. take a CloSer look
the past Continuous tense. 1. Compare these sentences from the texts. a. In the far North the wind was whistling. b. Uncle Harry stood up. c. Dorothy was going up and up. d. The house whirled around two or three times.
2. All the sentences show actions in the past, but they use different tenses. We use the Simple Past tense (sentences b. and d.) when the action started and finished in the past. In sentences a. and c. we use the Past Continuous tense to indicate that the action was continuous.
3. Here are more examples of the Past Continuous tense. a. Uncle Henry was sitting on the doorstep. b. She was looking at the sky too. c. Prof. Jones and I were getting close to the National Weather Service. 4. Go back to the texts and find all the sentences in the Past tense or the Past Continuous tense. Which actions finished and which were continuous?
58
UNIT 2
Have a CHat
14
Mi d n
a t e se r
Complete the conversation about Prof. Jones's personal experience. Use words from the box and then check with the recording.
funnel
Reporter: Prof. Jones: Reporter: Prof. Jones: Reporter: Prof. Jones: Reporter: Prof. Jones: Reporter: Prof. Jones:
I understand it was your personal experience, Professor Jones. Yes, I _________ the tornado. So, were you scared, Professor Jones? I was _________. What did the tornado look like? It looked like a _________. What was the noise like? It sounded like a loud _________. How long did the twister last? It lasted _________.
Heve are some proverbs and saying about the weather: If birds fly low wind is going to blow. A sunshing shower wont last half an hour. The sharper the blast the sooner its past. When a cow tries to scratch her ear it means a shower is very near.
15
FaSt CHeCk
(10 points)
a. So what was she doing? i. She cooked dinner. ii. She was cooking dinner b. Were they standing or sitting? i. They were sitting. ii. They stood. c. Did she tell you about it? i. No, she didn't. ii. No, she wasn't telling me about it. d. Where were you going? i. I was going to the shop. ii. I went to the shop. e. What was she painting the picture with? i. She was using oil paints. ii. She painted the kitchen.
Your result: 0-5 Review the lesson 6-8 Quite good 9 - 10 Excellent
CHeCk it over!
4
I did OK I did really well!
Tick one box in each row according to your performance in this lesson.
I need more work Reading Speaking Writing
59
eYeWitNeSS rePortS
LISTENING
Lesson 4
THINK AHEAD
1 Look at these pictures. Which creatures do you think are real and which
ones are not? Why?
2. Owl cat
3. Sasquatch
4. Smiley fish
2 Look at the pictures below. Choose one and in pairs answer the questions
about the story they illustrate. As you are only guessing, express your opinion using the beginnings in the box. a. What time do you think it is? b. What is the weather like? c. Where are the people? d. What is happening? e. What is the end of the story?
60
UNIT 2
3 Find the words below in the Word Search Puzzle. Words can be placed
horizontally, vertically or diagonally, up or down.
aircraft
amazing
creature
excited
frightened
scared
shocked
a d c r e a t u r e
n b d g h a m a f h
o x p l p v i s r k
d i q s n r j x i p
a t w c s u e g z
f m x r y b r x h s
f v a w e t l c t c
j f z z v e k i e a
t m c f i u y t n r
y y s g d n b e e e
d f h o b c g d d d
s h o c k e d q t l
4 You will hear two people talking about things they saw with their own eyes.
a. What kind of things do you think they saw? b. How do you think they felt? i. Excited. ii. Shocked. iii. Scared. iv. Happy.
GO AHEAD
5 6
Listen to the two recordings and check your predictions in Exercise 4. How do we know that the two people in the recordings were the eyewitnesses of the events? Choose two best options. a. Because their account is in the first person. b. Because the account is in the Past tense. c. Because they use expressions such as: "with my own eyes", "personally". d. Because they use questions and answers.
61
Listen again and choose the best answer. Justify your choice. Conversation I a. Where does the conversation take place? i. In a school. ii. In someone's house. b. Who are the protagonists? i. A husband and wife. ii. Two friends. c. Where was the woman? i. In a park. ii. In the forest. d. What did the woman see? i. A farmer's dog. ii. A strange creature. Conversation II a. Where does the conversation take place? i. In a Military Academy. ii. At a police station. b. Who are the protagonists? i. A plane pilot and his boss. ii. Two police officers c. Where was the man? i. In an office. ii. On a plane. d. What did the man see? i. A hot air balloon. ii. A UFO.
Mi d n
a t e se r
Why are black cats such good singers? Because theyre very mewsical!
Listen to Conversation I again and choose the word you hear. a. You saw a ghost / goat. b. I was walking down the path / patch. c. We had nothing for desert / dessert. d. Let me guess / check. e. The creature looked human / horrid.
Listen to Conversation II again. Which of these expressions does the speaker use to state his personal opinion? a. I believe I saw b. I think they were c. From my point of view d. But I personally think . e. If you ask me f. According to me.
62
UNIT 2
MAKE CONNECTIONS
take a CloSer look
the past Continuous (continued) 1. Read these examples from the recording.
a. It wasn't walking on all fours like a dog. b. What were you doing in a forest? c. It wasn't moving or advancing. 2. Pay attention to the form. Like all verb tenses that use the verb to be we form the negative form adding not to the verb to be, and we form the interrogative form inverting the order. We were not paying attention. Subject + to be + not + -ing Were they playing football or rugby? To be + subject + ing ? 3. Listen to the recording again and find two more examples of negative Past Continuous. 4. Check all the exercises you have done in the lesson and write two questions using the Past Continuous.
11 Complete these short dialogues with a question referring to the part in bold.
a. A: ______________________________________? B: I was walking down the path in the forest. b. A: ______________________________________? B: The strange creature was standing. c. A: ______________________________________? B: Clark was cooking lunch in the camp.
63
aircraft aeroplane
creature beast
huge frightened
observe
scared watch
immense
Have a CHat
13
Jill is telling her friend Anne about her strange experience in the forest. Complete the conversation and then check with the recording. Anne: Jill: Anne: Jill: Anne: Jill: ____________________________________? I think it was more than two metres tall. ____________________________________? No, I believe it wasn't human. ____________________________________? In my opinion, it was the Sasquatch.
14
Listen and practise the conversation with your partner, taking turns to be Anne and Jill. Role play it in front of the class.
FaSt CHeCk
16 Put the words in the correct order to write sentences in your notebook.
The first word in the sentences is highlighted a. were to get They out of the trying plane. b. author was The signing for autographs her fans. c. was his Brendan brother with helping homework, his. d. you talking moment on the Were phone a ago? e. the parents were Sarah's getting for trip ready.
Your result: 0-3 Review the lesson 4-6 Quite good 7 - 10 Excellent
(10 points)
64
UNIT 2
Write it DoWn
17 Below there are four different instruments we use for measuring things.
Write sentences to indicate what we measure with them. Example: A thermometer is an instrument for measuring temperatures.
Scales
A calendar
A clock
A ruler
CHeCk it over!
4
I did OK I did really well!
Tick one box in each row according to your performance in this lesson.
I need more work Listening Speaking Writing
65
1 Luciana is preparing a programme for an important Australian visitor coming to Chile next month. She
wants the programme to be a mixture of business and pleasure. Look at the list of possible activities and how long they might take. Write sentences about them in your notebook. Use may, might, maybe, it is possible, and possibly. Example: First, our guest might meet Chilean politicians in Valparaso. The meeting might last 2 hours / The duration of the meeting might be 2 hours.
Activity Meeting with members of congress in Valparaso Seafood lunch in the port Go up the hills in a cable car Stay one night in Via del Mar Short swim in the Pacific Ocean Meet Minister of Education at La Moneda Palace Visit Mercado Central and have lunch there Afternoon meeting at a municipal school Visit Bellavista area Duration 2 hours 1 hour 30 minutes 1 night 20 minutes 40 minutes 1.5 hours 45 minutes 30 minutes
2 Now match the sentences you wrote with the pictures below.
66
UNIT 2
3 You are Luciana's boss and you are evaluating the programme she is proposing. Offer your personal
point of view / opinion about it. Use the expressions in the box.
4 Read the final version of the guest's programme and answer the questions below.
Day 1
10.00 Meeting with Chilean politicians Lunch at "Donde Pancho" in Valparaso Cable car ride to Cerro Placeres
Day 2
9.00 Meeting with Minister of Education Visit Mercado Central Lunch in Bellavista Talk to secondary school students about education in Chile
13.00
10.00 12.00
15.00
16.00
a. What was the guest doing at 11 o'clock on the first day of the programme? b. Was he having lunch or swimming in the ocean at 13.00? c. What was he doing at 15.00 on the first day? d. What was he doing in the morning of the second day? e. Was he having lunch or talking to students at 12.30 on the second day?
5 Invent two more questions about the programme. Ask and answer them in your group.
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AN ABSOLUTE MUST
Accommodation Whatever you might need - we have it! Maybe you want to stay in a hotel or you might prefer a hostel. Or maybe you'd love to get one of the cabins. Hotels Right in the centre of San Pedro de Atacama. This is the best choice for a tourist who visits alone or in small groups. The rooms are single, double and twin and besides, we also have triple rooms for small families. All rooms have a private bath and we also include buffet breakfast. Our staff who speak several languages can take you on a tour of the nearby geysers. Hostels Quite near the centre of the town. This is the best choice for group tourism and people on a budget. You may choose one of the several options we have on offer, starting from single rooms to rooms that accommodate up to six people. Single rooms have a private bath but the multiple guest rooms share a bathroom located in the corridor. Cabins Located 7 km from San Pedro de Atacama and 2 km from Tulor Village, the cabins are in the beautiful Ayllu de Coyo oasis, surrounded by native trees. The owners, native to San Pedro, offer a selection of cabins each with a double room, a private bath, a fully equipped kitchen and a barbecue.
Source. www.sanpedrochile.com
68
UNIT 2
1 Read the brochure and choose the best icon for each type of accommodation.
3 pts.
a. _____________
b. _____________
c. _____________ 6 pts.
Hotel Hostel Cabin
a. Located outside San Pedro b. Best for small groups or individual tourists c. Breakfast service included d. With a barbecue e. Great for bigger groups f. Located right in the middle of town
4 pts.
LISTENING - THE WEATHER REPORT 4 Listen to the recording and choose the best option.
a. The recording is a radio / TV programme b. The report is from the local government / National Weather Service. c. The people in the affected areas can go back to / need to leave their homes. d. The storm changed intensity from F0 to F2 / F2 to F0.
4 pts.
69
Match the times in column A with the events in column B. A 5.30 to 6.00 p.m. 8.30 p.m. 9 p.m. 9.30 p.m. B Data on rainfall was collected. People can tune in to another programme. The broadcast is transmitted to the public. The storm changed direction.
4 pts.
LANGUAGE
6 Say or tell? Watch out for the correct form of the verb.
a. So, do you want to come or not? What do you ________? b. John, it's necessary to ________ the truth. c. They ________ me to wait.
3 pts.
7 Complete these short dialogues with a question corresponding to the information in bold.
a. A: B: b. A: B: c. A: B: d. A: B: __________________________________? Miss Jefferson was correcting our English tests. __________________________________? Dennis was sitting in the living room. __________________________________? The boy was carrying a heavy bag. __________________________________? She was crying because she felt lonely.
4 pts.
8 Complete the following sentences using the Past Continuous tense of the verb in brackets.
a. She looked up at the sky to see if a storm _____________________. b. I tried to phone you all day yesterday. What _____________________? c. The twister _____________________ in the direction of Claire County. d. Amy________a nice dress when we saw her. (come) (do) (move) (wear)
4 pts.
4 pts.
WRITING 10 Write a short weather report for your area. Use words such as wind, temperature, rain,
humidity, etc.
6 pts.
70
UNIT 2
SPEAKING 11 Look at the pictures and express your opinion / point of view.
6 pts.
16 - 32 Acceptable
33 - 48 Great!
Total 48 pts.
44
Always Nearly Always Sometimes Never
Choose one alternative according to your performance. Speaking I use English structures correctly. I use varied and correct vocabulary. Others can understand me. Writing My writing is coherent and follows the central idea. I use the correct sentence formation and sentence structure I use the correct spelling, punctuation, capitalisation and format. Reading I am aware of the differences in tenses, gender and number. I identify the main idea and understand the text as a whole. I can locate details and look for specific information. Listening I can get the general idea. I understand the details and identify speakers. I identify the source of listening and recognise the format Group work I share my ideas with the group I listen to and respect my partners' points of view I help solve problems and contribute with relevant information
Use this clue to work out your score Never = 0 Sometimes = 1 Nearly Always = 2 Always = 3 If you get:
0 - 10 = Watch out! You must look back
and review the whole unit. Ask your teacher and / or a classmate for additional help and remedial work. 11 - 22 = Not too bad, but there are areas you still have problems with. Identify those areas and ask your teacher and / or a classmate for additional help and remedial work. 23 - 34 = You are doing fine, but you can certainly do better. Get together with a classmate and review your weak points. 35 - 45 = Congratulations! Great progress - you may look ahead to the new unit and help your classmates who need to review.
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72
Set Up
1 Can you guess the fruit and vegetables? Which ones do you like/prefer?
2 Copy the pyramid into your notebook and place the foods we should eat little of at the top and the
foods we should eat a lot of at the bottom. Compare your answers with the food pyramid on page 97.
apples bread butter cake carrots cereal cheese cherries chicken chocolate crisps eggs fish ice-cream lettuce milk oil pasta peppers plums potatoes red meat rice sweets yoghurt
73
THINK AHEAD
The Fruit Federation organised a competition for the most romantic fruit ever. And? Who was the winner?
1 Put the words in the box under these headings. Which words sound or
look similar in Spanish?
Fruit Vegetable Meat, fish and seafood Others
Mi d n
a t e se r
Vitamins and minerals are substances that are found in foods we eat. Our bodies need them to work properly, so that we grow and develop just like we should. When it comes to vitamins, each one has a special role to play. For example: Vitamin D in milk helps our bones. Vitamin A in carrots helps us see at night. Vitamin C in oranges helps our body heal if we get a cut. B vitamins in leafy green vegetables help our body make protein and energy.
protein vitamin banana lettuce garlic sweets chicken salmon cereal celery peanut butter biscuits chips meat carbohydrates sugar salt melon prawn strawberry iron raisin
2 Answer the questions and compare your answers with another student.
a. Do you prefer bananas or strawberries? b. Would you rather have chicken or meat? c. Which do you like better: cookies or candy? d. Which is your favourite vegetable? e. Would you rather eat something sweet or salty?
74
UNIT 3
Tip 1 First of all, you should get enough sleep for a young person who needs lots of energy in the morning. Next, get some good breakfast. Breakfast is a meal that fills your "empty tank" after a long night without food and it can help you do better in school. You can eat easy-to prepare breakfasts that include cold cereal with fruit and low-fat milk, whole-wheat toast, yoghurt with fruit, or an egg sandwich. Tip 2 Would you rather take a bus or ask your parents to drive you to school? But if your school is not too far why don't you invite a group of friends who can all walk with you when you go to school? It can be fun talking along the way. Tip 3 What's your favourite snack: chocolate or cookies? If you snack all the time on salty crisps or sugary cookies it's not the right kind of food in the middle of the morning. Choose snacks that come from different food groups which may be a glass of low-fat milk, an apple or celery sticks with peanut butter and raisins, or some dry cereal. If you eat smart at most meals then cookies, chips and candy are OK for occasional snacking.
Tip 4 Do you prefer exercising or sitting in front of a TV? Would you rather go for a bike ride or read a book? Vigorous work-out is good for you because when you breathe hard your heart works better, you have more energy and you look and feel your best. Start with warm-up exercises that stretch your muscles and include 20 minutes of aerobic activity, such as running or dancing. Do it in a gym or in the park, where you can also meet your friends. Tip 5 You don't have to give up foods like hamburgers, and ice cream to eat healthy. But choose the ones you like the best and be smart about how often and how much you healthily. Your body needs nutrients, which are products such as protein, carbohydrates, fat and many different vitamins and minerals such as vitamins C and A, iron and calcium from a variety of foods. You can talk to a nutritionist who can tell you about different types of food. Tip 6 Your dad is probably sitting in front of the TV and maybe your mum is reading a paper. Come on, mum and dad! Let's get going because being active is much more fun with friends or family. People who are active live longer and happier lives. Tip 7 A healthy eating style is like a puzzle with many parts. Each part is different. There are foods that have more fat, sugar or salt while others have more vitamins or fibre. Eat a little of all these foods because what makes a diet good or bad is how the foods fit together. Balancing your choices is important.
75
GO AHEAD
4 Read the brochure and check your predictions in Exercise 3. 5 Read the brochure again and give each tip a title.
a. Get Moving! c. Balance your food choices. e. Snack Smart. g. Foods aren't good or bad. b. Start your day with breakfast. d. Get fit with friends or family. f. Work up a sweat.
7 Read the brochure again and summarise each tip in one or two sentences.
Example: Tip 1 tells us about the importance of breakfast and how it helps us prepare for the day.
MAKE CONNECTIONS
Have a CHat
Your friend Gloria is asking you about your food preferences. Answer her questions. Gloria: Which do you prefer, fish or chicken? You: ______________________________________________________ Gloria: So do I. But do you like fried or roast chicken more? You: ______________________________________________________ Gloria: And would you rather eat pizza or a salad? You: ______________________________________________________ Gloria: Me too but it's not very healthy. And which do you like better: fizzy drinks or juice? You: ______________________________________________________
76
UNIT 3
10
Listen to the recording and practise the dialogue with a partner. Role play the dialogue in front of the class.
take a CloSeR look Relative pronouns which / that / who / when / where 1. Read the sentences from the text: a. People who are active live longer and happier lives. b. Invite a group of friends who can all walk with you when you go to school. c. There are foods that have more fat, sugar or salt while others have more vitamins or fibre. d. Do it in a gym or in the park, where you can also meet your friends. e. Your body needs nutrients which are products such as protein, carbohydrates, fat and many different vitamins. 2. What do you notice about the sentences above? When referring to a place, thing, animal or idea mentioned before as a subject of a sentence, we use relative pronouns that or which. 3. When referring to people mentioned before as a subject of a sentence, we use the relative pronouns that or who. We CANNOT use which when referring to people in similar sentences. 4. When referring to time we use when and when referring to a place we use where. 5. Go back to the text and copy all the sentences that contain relative pronouns. Can you understand them better now?
11 Look at the advice a nutritionist gave a teenager and complete using that,
which, who, when, where. You're a typical teenager with parents _____________ always talk to you about what you eat, how you eat and when you eat. Try to understand them - they are worried about your diet, _____________ may not be too healthy. Your body is growing and it needs certain nutrients ____________ can be found in some foods. One of the most important ingredients in your diet is protein, _____________ is a primary component of our muscles, hair, skin, eyes, and internal organs, especially the heart and brain. You need to feed your brain _____________ helps you think and solve problems so try to include some protein in what you eat. Then come the carbohydrates _____________ are our main source of energy. The people _____________ can tell you what and how much to eat are your doctor and maybe your school nurse. They can also tell you _____________ you can find more information.
77
12 Look at the pictures and finish the captions under each one.
Sushi is a type of food I prefer snacks that A bakery is a place where A chef is a person who ____________________ ____________________ which _______________ ____________________ FaSt CHeCk
13 Read the information on the left and match it with that on the right. (10 points)
A doctor is a person you see when Your body needs nutrients that Francisca is a school bus driver who Catalina is a computer engineer who Breakfast is a meal that can be found in certain foods. you are not feeling very well gives you energy for the day. drives a big yellow bus. is preparing a new software for schools.
6-8 Quite good 9 - 10 Excellent
Your result:
WRite it DoWn
be boiling drain hot water in olive oil metal pot mushrooms Parmesan cheese pasta sauce
First, you need a ___________ which you fill with ___________. Put the ___________ into the water, which must ___________. Prepare the ___________: slice some fresh ___________, fry them for two minutes in ___________ and add cream. When the pasta is 'al dente' __________ it and mix it with the sauce. Sprinkle ___________ on top.
78
UNIT 3
play it Five teens are shopping and each one is choosing one product. Use the clues to guess which person is buying which product. Copy the chart into your notebook, write the name of the product and tick the right column. Who can do this the fastest in your group? a. Jenny is a strict vegetarian and she does not eat any meat, fish or poultry. Additionally, her favourite colour is red so she's getting this vegetable which is an intense red and is often used in salads. b. Jeremy has a sweet tooth and although his mum says he should eat more fruit, Jeremy ignores her advice and is buying a product made of flour, sugar, cream and jam. c. Charlene is an athlete and she has just come back from a cross-country race. She is very thirsty. She doesn't like soft drinks so she's buying this product that is generally made from fruit. d. Gemma's mother is organising a barbecue for Gemma's dad. Lots of guests are coming and they will eat salads and this grilled product. e. Mike is going for a picnic tomorrow and he wants to take something that he can pack easily and eat without using a plate. He is planning to put some cheese and ham on it.
CHeCk it oveR!
Tick one box in each row according to your performance in this lesson.
I need more work Reading Speaking writing I did OK I did really well!
79
EDIBLE ART
LISTENING
Lesson 2
THINK AHEAD
1 Look at the food art pictures. What types of food can you identify in each?
Check with another student.
2 Read the list of ingredients to prepare Greek salad and answer the
questions. Bear it in mind
We use many food words in everyday expressions. Here are a few. Can you guess their meaning from the context? a. This baby is so sweet and beautiful. She's such a cutie pie! b. If I can't solve this maths problem I think I will go bananas! c. I will tell you a secret but you must promise not to spill the beans. d. Do you think that kayaking is hard? On the contrary, I think it's a piece of cake. e. Do you like salsa? No, it's not really my cup of tea.
b. c. d. e. a. The baby is nice and sweet. I think I will go crazy. Not to tell anyone. It is vary easy. I do not like it.
Ingredients
Green pepper (1) Red onion (1) Tomatoes (2) Olives (60 grs.) Feta cheese (200 grs.) Lemon juice (1/4 cup) Virgin olive oil (1 tbs.) Fresh oregano, salt and pepper (to taste)
a. How much lemon juice do you need? b. How many tomatoes are necessary? c. How much olive oil is required? d. How many peppers do you need? e. What quantity of fresh oregano is necessary?
3 You will hear an interview with Carl Brown, a food artist. Why do you
think he only works with food? Choose one alternative. a. Because he likes to eat his creations. b. Because his parents are chefs. c. Because food is an important part of our lives. d. Because food is more versatile than paints.
80
UNIT 3
GO AHEAD
4 5
Listen and check your prediction in exercise 3. Listen again and tick the foods mentioned by Carl.
________________
________________ ________________
________________ ________________
________________
________________ ________________
broccoli butter fish lettuce mushrooms olives pasta pizza spaghetti tomatoes
Listen again and check which art forms listed below Carl has used during his career. a. collage c. landscape e. portrait g. seascape b. d. f. h. graffiti mosaic sculpture still life
Listen once more and choose the best option. a. When Carl was a child his father i. had an Italian restaurant. b. Food is as important as i. air and water. ii. worked in an Italian restaurant.
c. When creating his food art Carl can take i. a few days. ii. seven to ten days. d. Carl started working with food because he got i. food art as a Christmas present. ii. a commission from a supermarket.
81
MAKE CONNECTIONS
take a CloSeR look
Countable / uncountable nouns + quantifiers 1. Pay attention to the following sentences from the recording. a. Use a little cheese. b. We eat so much food during our lives. c. A lot of images that I make can take many days to complete. d. I have a few plans.
2. What kind of word follows the words in bold? Can you count the items? 3. Nouns are divided into countable - which you can count - and uncountable - which you cannot count. Countable nouns are things you can count, for example tomatoes, pizzas, olives, days, etc. They can be used in plural and singular. Uncountable nouns cannot be counted as units. They are used only in singular, for example pasta, butter, bread, spaghetti, cheese. (Careful with the word fish. It is usually used in singular. For example: I bought some fish for dinner. But when we refer to different species of fish we can say: The fishes in the lake were salmon, eel, trout and carp.) 4. To indicate quantities related to these items we use many and a few with countable nouns. I don't need many tomatoes. How many olives did you eat? Give me a few ideas. We use much and a little with uncountable nouns. How much food did you buy? The pizza didn't have much cheese. I need to drink a little water. 5. We use a lot of for both countable and uncountable nouns. Add a lot of cheese. Use a lot of tomatoes. 6. Classify all the food you can find on pages 80 and 81 into countable and uncountable. Then write some sentences indicating quantity.
8 Countable or
uncountable? Identify the foods in the fridge as countable or uncountable.
82
UNIT 3
9 Complete these sentences using much, many, a few, a little and a lot of.
a. Holland is a country with only __________ mountains. b. I don't like __________ salt in my soup. c. It's very sad but in Africa children have __________ food to eat. d. How much sugar do you want in your tea? Only __________, please
10 Ask questions about the parts in bold using how much or how many.
The big day is finally here. We are going on a trip to the lake. We are going for 5 days. The tickets cost 2,500 pesos each. Two of our classmates are not going because they have the flu. We are not taking a lot of luggage - just one backpack each - because the weather is nice so we don't need many clothes. People say that the level of water in the lake is very low because it is so hot. We must protect ourselves from the sun and use a lot of sun block.
Have a CHat
12 Complete the second part of the conversation between the reporter and
food artist Carl Brown. Choose expressions and words from the box. Check with the recording.
a few a lot of how much landscape many picture portrait spill the beans
Reporter: Carl: Reporter: Carl: Reporter: Carl: Reporter: Carl: So, what kind of _________ is the Mona Lisa? It's a _________ because it shows the face of a person. _________ pasta do you need to make it? It's big so I need _________ pasta shapes. Do you have any other plans apart from the Mona Lisa? It's still a secret. If I tell you, you can't _________. I promise. I am planning to make a huge _________ of New York with lentils, peas, nuts and _________ other seeds for a very important client. Will you be working alone? No, I will need _________ helpers to complete it.
Reporter: Carl:
13
Listen to the completed conversation. Practise it with a partner and then role play it in front of the class.
83
FaSt CHeCk
14 Look at the ingredients for a lasagne and ask questions about the
quantities.
200 grams of dry lasagne 1 tablespoon of olive oil 250 grams mozzarella cheese 1/2 cup chopped onion 2 cloves garlic, minced 1/2 kilo of meat 2 large tomatoes 1 basil leaf 1 cup of tomato sauce 1/2 cup of cream
(10 points)
a. _____________ dry lasagne do you need? b. _____________ spoonfuls of oil do you need? c. _____________ cheese is needed? d. _____________ cups of chopped onion will you use? e. _____________ garlic cloves are needed? f. _____________ meat do you need? g. _____________ tomatoes will you put in the lasagne? h. _____________ basil leaves are required? i. _____________ tomato sauce is needed? j. _____________ cups of cream will you use?
Your result: 0-5 Review the lesson 6-8 Quite good 9 - 10 Excellent
WRite it DoWn
15 Here is another picture by food artist Carl Brown. Describe it and name all
the types of food he used.
84
UNIT 3
play it Find the names of these foods in the Word Search Puzzle. The words may go in any direction.
A P E S E E V G H S I F S
F U C R L E C A T C E T T
B S I R S I E H E T Y E E
R N R N A M O R E R T G E
E P A S T A E L T E E G W
V E G E T A B L E S S S S
B S G R L I U G M T E E A
N T B S N O U T R U G O Y
M V R R P U R R U H I E T
A S E E I L T E F I F A L
F E A R A F S S Y A E T F
U S D M I L K R T M U F I
L L S E E S E S S S E S R
CHeCk it oveR!
Tick one box in each row according to your performance in this lesson.
I need more work Reading Speaking writing I did OK I did really well!
85
EATING OUT
READING
Lesson 3
THINK AHEAD
1 Match the titles (a. - d.) with the cookery books (1 - 4).
a. Fast Food - Good Food b. Healthy Food for your Dog c. Making Faces Edible d. One Hundred and Fifty Ways to Cook Fish
3 Read this conversation and guess what the two people are planning.
Colleen: Larry: Colleen: Larry: Colleen: Larry: Colleen: Larry: So, is 8 p.m. OK? Let's make it 8.30. How about the booking? I'll phone and check if they have any tables. How far is it? Shall we take a taxi? It's near my house; we can walk. Do you think they have any food I'm going to like? Relax! They have local and international cuisine.
86
UNIT 3
ome people say that being a restaurant reviewer is the best job in the world but sometimes it's not. Visiting The Crazy Cows was a disappointing experience. And the decoration was crazy too - metal seats in repulsive black and white leather and pictures of cows on the walls. Although I had a booking for a table for two it took the staff 20 minutes to accommodate me and my partner. "We have too many guests and not enough waiters," the manager explained. The appetiser arrived half an hour later a cold tomato soup with some old bread. When the steak came (well- done, please, I asked) it was still red and looked uncooked. I asked for some garlic sauce for the meat but they didn't have any! The experience was too bad to wait for dessert. "Do you have any fresh coffee?" I asked. And guess what? They didn't have any. But I was really shocked when I received the bill. It was too expensive. I didn't leave tip and left the restaurant very angry. It was a wasted evening. Take my suggestion and don't visit The Crazy Cows!
he second restaurant was El Mariscal. It has some potential because of its great location and an exceptional selection of ingredients. The food is excellent and the service impeccable, the staff are friendly, well-presented and very polite. The decoration is cheerful with lovely photos of the ocean and some green transparent fish on the wall; the place has a great atmosphere. In general, it was the best meal I've had for a long time. It was well-cooked and it came very quickly. First of all, I had mussels with some parmesan cheese. They were delicious and really fresh. And, for the second course, I chose salmon which came with butter and pepper sauce and some spicy potato pure and asparagus. Last, I had some lovely dessert - passion fruit mousse and, to top it off, I drank a cup of strong black coffee. Only one thing was not quite right - they didn't have any artificial sweetener for coffee - just sugar. The meal was not too expensive either. I would definitely recommend El Mariscal for a delicious meal.
af Dolce Vita is a lively and authentic Italian restaurant with a typical decoration of simple tables covered with cheerful red tablecloths and pictures of Italian landmarks such as Rome and Venice. The best thing about the restaurant is the price! If you order before 7 p.m. you get two dishes for the price of one - a really good offer if you consider their size. I had some Pasta Alfredo and my partner had cannelloni with spinach and a little cheese. We had some tiramisu for dessert - really delicious. The restaurant didn't get full marks because the service was not very good - the waiter was too slow. But overall, I would recommend the place mainly because when we finished the food I felt really good and I thought that this is what restaurants are all about - a good meal.
Sources: adapted from the New Yorker, The Guardian and Time Out
87
GO AHEAD
Bear it in mind
Too and enough are adverbs used to modify adjectives and indicate degree. Too means more than necessary and it precedes the adjective. Enough means sufficient and it usually follows the adjective. He is too old to play this children's game. He is old enough to buy a car. Enough can also be used with nouns. In such cases, enough usually precedes the word. I have enough money for the CD player. There aren't enough people for the football team. In some cases, enough can stand alone. I have had enough of this nonsense
5 Read the restaurant reviews and check your predictions in Exercise 4. List
all the elements mentioned. Which ones were not mentioned?
7 Read the text again and identify which restaurant each pictures illustrates.
Danger
Too is also an adverb that means also. It is used in positive sentences to indicate a coincidence. We place it at the end of a sentence. Jane speaks French. Sam speaks French too. I love chocolate and I love pizza too.
8 Read the reviews again and write the name of the restaurant(s).
a. The writer would recommend _________________________________. b. He would not recommend ____________________________________. c. He loved the decoration in ____________________________________. d. He hated the decoration in ____________________________________. e. The food was too expensive in _________________________________. f. The food was good value in ___________________________________. g. The service was excellent in ___________________________________. h. The service was not too good in ________________________________.
88
UNIT 3
MAKE CONNECTIONS
some / any 1. Read the examples from the texts. a. I asked for some garlic sauce for the meat but they didn't have any! b. Do you have any fresh coffee? c. I had mussels with some parmesan cheese. d. They didn't have any artificial sweetener.
2. What do you notice about the sentences above and the words in bold? When do we use some? When do we use any? We use some in affirmative sentences and any in interrogative and negative sentences to express a certain amount / an unspecified quantity of something. 3. Here are more examples: I have some friends but not many. You don't need any sugar to make pancakes. Do you have any ideas for your project? 4. Go back to the text and find four more examples with some and any. How do they illustrate the explanation in Point 2. above?
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Have a CHat
13
Michael is telling Sandra about his visit to a Chinese restaurant. Complete the conversation using the sentences provided (a. - e.). Check with the recording.
a. How many dishes did you have? b. How long does it take to get there? c. How about dessert? Did you have any? d. Did you get any fortune cookies? e. How much was the bill? Sandra: Michael: Sandra: Michael: Sandra: Michael: Sandra: Michael: Sandra: Michael: ____________________________________________________ It depends, it takes about ten minutes by car or underground and around 25 minutes if you walk. ____________________________________________________ We had a starter and the main course. ____________________________________________________ Yes, and mine said: good luck in your professional life. ____________________________________________________ No, the meal was so big that we didn't want any dessert. ____________________________________________________ Not really expensive. We paid ten pounds each, including the tip.
14
Listen to the recording and practise the conversation with a partner. Role play it in front of the class.
FaSt CHeCk
(10 points)
a. A: Do we have _____________ lemons? B: No, we don't have _____________. What do you need them for? b. A: I want to make _____________ lemon pie. B: There are _____________ bananas. How about making _____________ banana pie instead?
Your result: 0-5 Review the lesson 6-8 Quite good 9 - 10 Excellent
90
UNIT 3
WRite it DoWn
10
20
50
1. Have you got_____posters on your bedroom walls? 2. There are ______ interesting new books in the library. 3. There aren't _____ oranges in the fruit bowl. 4. There is ______ fresh fruit in the fridge. 5. I have _____ new CDs of my favourite band. 6. My brothers and I don't drink ____ alcohol. 7. My best friend doesn't eat ____ meat. 8. There are ____ people at the front door.
CHeCk it oveR!
Tick one box in each row according to your performance in this lesson.
I need more work Reading Speaking writing I did OK I did really well!
91
THINK AHEAD
Danger
Countable versus uncountable Remember that uncountable nouns (such as some foods) are always in singular. To use them in plural you must use words such as slice, piece, bit, spoonful,etc. For example a slice of bread, a piece of meat, a spoonful of vinegar.
1 Look at the pictures and say what can be divided into slices, pieces,
spoonfuls, grains, a pinch, a handful. Ask your teacher to help out with the vocabulary or use a dictionary.
2 Put the sentences in order to create a dialogue with two end results
following the diagram provided. Mi d n a t e se r a. Yes, why not. We could ask people for some money. b. Then why don't we make a collection and ask everyone to contribute? c. OK, then you invent something interesting. d. How about organising a picnic for the whole class? e. A collection? That's another silly idea. f. Thanks - you are a good sport. Let's start working then. g. You always try to impose your ideas on me! And besides we don't have any money to buy the ingredients.
X asks Z Z refuses giving a reason X tries to persuade Z Z agrees Z doesn't agree
Read these expressions related to food. a. Just a spoonful of sugar makes the medicine go down. - song from the film Mary Poppins. b. Take it with a pinch of salt - an idiom meaning it might not be quite true c. There is a grain of truth in it - an idiom meaning part of it might be true. d. This child is quite a handful - meaning that the child is difficult to manage. e. The best thing since sliced bread - meaning a very good thing.
X thanks Z
X gives up
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UNIT 3
3 Role play the dialogue with the two different endings. 4 Which words from the box would you expect to find in a text about
cooking a soup?
carrot delicious fire hot hungry nutritious onion pot stone taste
meat tasty
money village
GO AHEAD
5 6
Listen and check your predictions in Exercise 4. What is the moral of the story? a. When people are really hungry they will eat anything. b. When we work together we can accomplish many things. c. When someone is smart he or she can cheat people.
How do people express their thanks in the story? List at least three expressions. Put the pictures in the order the events happened in the story.
93
Listen again and choose the correct option. a. Can you give me something to eat / some meat? b. I'm poor / I've poured it myself. c. Why is there a spoon / a stone in the pot? d. I'm preparing a delicious stone soup which I'll be happy to show to you / to share with you. e. There is / isn't enough for everybody.
MAKE CONNECTIONS
Bear it in mind
Clauses are groups of words which have meaning, but are often not complete sentences. Some clauses begin with the word when. Examples: when she was a girl / when I saw him. Other clauses begin with while. Examples: while I was walking / while she was sleeping. When we talk about things that happened in the past, we usually use the Simple Past tense after when; while, which expresses the idea of "during that time" is usually followed by the Past Continuous. I was cooking when she came in. She came in while I was cooking.
X
Past Present Future 4. Read some other examples. a. I was not doing anything when you phoned. b. What were you doing when the postman came? c. It started to rain while we were walking on the beach. 5. We can also express parallel actions happening in the past.
Past Present a. I was studying while he was making dinner. b. Were you listening while he was talking?
Future
6. Look at the pictures illustrating the story on page 93 again. Can you write two more sentences about them using the Past Continuous? Can you identify the two actions in each?
94
UNIT 3
b. A: ___________________ the doctor ________________ when the lights went out? (operate) B: No, he __________________________ the instruments. (put away) c. A: Did she find her glasses? B: No, she________________still___________when I left. d. A: What happened to the Titanic? B: It struck an iceberg when it ____________ the Atlantic.
(look)
(cross)
95
Have a CHat
13
Use the visual clues to complete the conversation. Check with the recording.
Oh, I see. And why was your little brother crying when I arrived?
14
Listen to the recording and practise the dialogue with a partner. Role play it in front of the class.
96
UNIT 3
FaSt CHeCk
(10 points)
a. She was living in Barcelona __________ her younger sister was born. b. I was having a shower __________ the phone rang. c. __________ I was travelling in China I learned a few words in Chinese. d. I fell asleep __________ I was watching the film. e. Jonathan was parking his car __________ he heard a crash at the back.
Your result: 0-3 Review the lesson 4-6 Quite good 7 - 10 Excellent
WRite it DoWn
What were you doing when Barack Obama became the 44th US President?
What were you doing when Madonna came to Chile to give some concerts?
What were you doing when the latest Chilean Telethon announced they had reached their goal?
What were you doing when the clock struck 12 on New Year's Eve last year?
Tick one box in each row according to your performance in this lesson.
I need more work Reading Speaking writing I did OK I did really well!
97
1 There were ten people at this party. Look at the picture and identify the guests. What were they doing
when Tony took the photo? Follow the example and write sentences in your notebook. Stella was eating a sandwich while George was holding a drink .
a. Stella was eating a sandwich. b. George was holding a drink in his left hand. c. Edna and Robert were dancing. d. Jimmy was sitting in an armchair. e. Deborah was standing next to the window. f. Greg and Isabel were talking. g. Duncan was opening presents.
98
UNIT 3
Ingredients:
3 Complete the instructions in this recipe using a few, a little, a lot of, any,
some.
2 cups sifted flour 2 tsp. baking powder 4 tablespoons butter 1/2 tsp. salt 3/4 cup milk (approx.) Jam and / or cream to serve
Mix flour, __________ baking powder and __________ salt. Add the butter (this is where I use my hands by rubbing the butter into the flour). Add milk gradually, stirring until soft dough is formed. Turn out on slightly floured board and lightly "knead" for __________ seconds, enough to shape. Roll 1/2 inch thick and cut with a biscuit cutter. Bake on ungreased sheet in a hot oven for 12-15 minutes. Makes 12 big biscuits or __________ tiny tea biscuits. Notice that we do not put __________ sugar into the dough, but we add __________ jam and / or cream at the table. These are great served with tea.
4 Inspector Dell is investigating a robbery at Mr. Rich's house. A diamond ring worth 30,000 Euros was
stolen! Look at the pictures, and ask and answer the questions. Can you guess what happened to the ring? Example: Inspector Dell: Miss Rich, what were you doing at eight o'clock last night when the ring was stolen? Miss Rich: I was listening to music.
Mr. Rich
Mrs. Rich
Johnny Rich
Judy Hill
Greg Jones
99
100
UNIT 3
1 Read the text and give one of these headings to each paragraph.
a. The origin of sushi b. General impressions of decoration and price c. Arriving at the restaurant
1 pt.
2 Are these statements true or false? Correct two of the false statements.
a. Tomoe Sushi is in Tokyo, Japan. b. The reviewer ate six pieces of Trout Roses. c. The reviewer is an expert at eating with chopsticks. d. Sushi is originally from Japan. e. At first, people made sushi to preserve fresh fish. f. The waiters at Tomoe were slow and rude.
8 pts.
LISTENING - wHAT A CHEF HAS TO SAy 3 Listen to the recording once. What type of text is it?
a. A telephone conversation. b. An interview. c. A monologue. 1 pts.
Listen again and complete these sentences. a. ________________________________________ when you were growing up? b. _____________________________________________, my parents always told me I should be passionate about making a living. c. While she was upstairs, _____________________________________________ d. When you feed people, _____________________________________________
5 pts.
Listen again and number these sentences in the order you hear them. a. Cooking was natural for me. b. Can you tell us a funny kitchen incident? c. The most important thing you give them is love. d. Finally, after giving me some bread with a little ham and cheese she told about the dog! e. A few simple points.
5 pts.
101
3 pts.
7 Ask questions about the sentences using the words in the box.
How much How many How long How far
a. The village where Zajac grew up is 150 kilometres from the capital. b. It takes 4 hours to get from my town to Santiago. c. We need 2 litres of milk to make this big cake. d. We only have a little time to do this exercise.
4 pts.
8 Match the two parts of the sentences. Several options are possible.
While she was driving the car When she stopped the car While they were looking for the place When she finally found the place her husband was sleeping in his seat. her husband was looking at the map and giving her directions. a policeman came to ask her for her documents. it started to rain.
2 pts.
9 Fill in the spaces with some, any, a few, a little, much or many.
So, how _______ tomatoes do you need to make this salad? The number is not specified but use _______ red tomatoes and _______ green tomatoes. Then cut _______ onions into pieces and add _______ to the tomatoes. Keep the rest of the onions for the onion soup we are going to make later. Finally, add a _______ olive oil and a pinch of salt and the salad is ready.
3 pts.
wRITING
10 Write 4 questions you would ask a professional chef about your favourite recipe.
8 pts.
102
UNIT 3
SpEAKING
11 Complete the conversation between two chefs using the questions provided. Then role
play it with a partner. a. How much time do we have to cook? b. How far is the hotel from here? c. How long is the party going to last? d. How many people are coming? Chef A: ___________________________________________________________________ Chef B: About two hours. The guests are coming at around 9 p.m. Chef A: ___________________________________________________________________ Chef B: Ten, five men and five women. Chef A: ___________________________________________________________________ Chef B: I'm not sure but I think until midnight. Chef A: So we will need to book a cab to take us back to the hotel. Chef B: ___________________________________________________________________ Chef A: Only about 20 blocks. Your result: Final CHeCk
Always Nearly Always Sometimes Never
8 pts.
17 - 33 Acceptable
34 - 48 Great!
Total 48 pts.
44
Choose one alternative according to your performance. Speaking I use English structures correctly. I use varied and correct vocabulary. Others can understand me. Writing My writing is coherent and follows the central idea. I use the correct sentence formation and sentence structure I use the correct spelling, punctuation, capitalisation and format. Reading I am aware of the differences in tenses, gender and number. I identify the main idea and understand the text as a whole. I can locate details and look for specific information. Listening I can get the general idea. I understand the details and identify speakers. I identify the source of listening texts and recognise the format Group work I share my ideas with the group I listen to and respect my partners' points of view I help solve problems and contribute with relevant information
Use this clue to work out your score Never = 0 Sometimes = 1 Nearly Always = 2 Always = 3 If you get:
0 - 10 = Watch out! You must look
back and review the whole unit. Ask your teacher and / or a classmate for additional help and remedial work. 11 - 22 = Not too bad, but there are areas you still have problems with. Identify those areas and ask your teacher and / or a classmate for additional help and remedial work. 23 - 34 = You are doing fine, but you can certainly do better. Get together with a classmate and review your weak points. 35 - 45 = Congratulations! Great progress - you may look ahead to the new unit and help your classmates who need to review.
103
104
Set Up
10
105
Mi d n
a t e se r
THINK AHEAD
1 Read the adjectives in the box. Can you place them along the line according
Guinness World Records is an annual reference book which contains an international collection of world records, including human successes and the extremes of the natural world.
to size, starting with the smallest on the left to the biggest on the right?
Smallest
Danger
We use the verb do a. when someone performs an action, activity or task: do a crossword; do the washing. b. when referring to work of any kind: do your work; do homework. c. when speaking about things in general. I am not doing anything today. We use the verb make for constructing, building or creating: make a dress; make food, make breakfast. These activities usually create something that you can touch.
Biggest
3 You are going to read two texts related to these pictures. What do you
think they are going to be about?
106
UNIT 4
GO AHEAD
107
Bear it in mind
Compare these sentences. You've got to do it right. ~ You have to do it right. Both sentences express an obligation, something that is needed or necessary. They can be used interchangeably. Here are some more examples. We've got to hurry up. ~ We have to hurry up. She's got to study more. ~ She has to study more.
5 Read the two texts and check your predictions in Exercise 3. 6 What is the source of the two stories?
a. An encyclopaedia. c. A scientific magazine. b. A newspaper. d. A website.
7 Why did the protagonists of the two stories decide to do something big?
a. They want to help other people. b. They are following their dreams. c. It is a family tradition. d. They want to break a world record.
8 Read the text again and write down what the numbers in this chart refer to.
9 13 100 150 318 700
9 Which of the ingredients in the pictures are not needed for the giant scone?
10 Read the stories again. Use the question words below as clues to
summarise them.
Story I Who? When? What? Where? Why? Story II
108
UNIT 4
MAKE CONNECTIONS
take a CloSer look
Going to + infinitive 1. Read these sentences from the text. a. We are going to donate this gigantic scone to the event. b. I'm going to make a really enormous scone. c. In two days time Jenny Rush is going to witness an unusual and spectacular event.
2. What kind of actions do they refer to? a. Planned actions for the future b. Unplanned actions in the future. Going to + infinitive is used to refer to planned actions in the future. 3. Go back to the text. Find and copy all the sentences that refer to planned actions in the future.
11 Put the verbs in brackets in the correct form to indicate planned future
actions. a. It _______________ a sunny day tomorrow. b. They _______________ lunch quite soon. c. Sue says she _______________ her snack with me. d. The school _______________ in the competition this year. (be) (eat) (share) (take part) Bear it in mind
One of the most common suffixes (particles we add to the end of words to make new words) is the suffix -er. It means the doer or maker of something and is frequently used with professions: baker, farmer, teacher, waiter, writer. Other common suffixes to indicate professions are -or, -ist, -ant, and -man/woman: creator, director, supervisor; dentist, journalist, scientist; accountant, assistant, attendant; barman, fireman, policewoman.
13 Go back to the text and find all the words denoting professions or
peoples activities. Copy them into your notebook using have got and have to.
14 Re-write the sentences in your notebook using have got to and have to.
Example: It's necessary to use some butter and milk. You've got to use some butter and milk. You have to use some butter and milk. a. Our car is so dirty. It's necessary to wash it. b. We are late. It's necessary to hurry up. c. Don't lie. It's necessary to tell the truth. d. Ken wants to land safely. It's necessary to shoot 50 balloons one by one.
109
FaSt CHeCk
15
Complete this conversation about plans for the future using the verbs in brackets. (10 points) Jack: Bella: Jack: Bella: Jack: Bella: Jack: Bella: Jack: Bella: Have you made up your mind yet? Yes, we _________ a picnic. (organise) Good idea. How about the food? We _________ some simple finger food: sandwiches, veggie sticks and soft drinks. (buy) And the guest list? We _________ the whole class and a few teachers. (invite) The only problem is transport. Greg's mother has a minibus and she _________ us all. (take) Well, everything's solved then! Oh, no! Look at the clouds, Jack! It looks as if it _________ ! (rain)
0-5 Review the lesson 6-8 Quite good 9 - 10 Excellent
Your result:
Have a CHat
16
Listen to the conversation in Exercise 15 and check your answers. Then listen, practise and role play the dialogue in front of the class.
17 Complete these summaries of the two stories. Notice that they are in the
first person singular. Mrs Hallet: I'm a ____________ and I have a little bakery in ____________. I usually make normal ______________ and ______________, but this year I want to make a giant ______________ which ______________ going to donate to the Torquay Food Festival. This ______________ going to be the _____________ scone in the world and I'm ______________ to be in the Guinness ______________ of Records. Ken Crouch: I'm a garage ______________, but I've always wanted to _____________. So I'm going to fly across the _____________ in a chair tied up to lots of huge party ______________. I'm going to ______________ softly on a field by ______________ the balloons one by one. My ______________ and son are ______________ to follow my journey overland in a ______________. After I land I'm going to be interviewed by national and ______________ journalists.
110
UNIT 4
WrIte It DoWn
18 Use the pictures below to write the ending to Story II you read in this lesson.
play It a. The table has 10 words related to making the biggest scone in the world. b. Hop from space to space but only to spaces immediately adjacent to each other to discover all the words. c. List them in your notebook.
oven chair butter bake flour travel baker balloon jam mountains fly scone dream cream child desert milk sugar air shoot
CHeCk It over!
4
I did OK I did really well!
Tick one box in each row according to your performance in this lesson.
I need more work Reading Speaking Writing
111
THINK AHEAD
1 Put the instructions in the correct order. Use the pictures to help you.
a. i. Insert the pendrive into the USB drive. ii. Get your pendrive ready for use. iii. Locate the USB drive on the computer or laptop.
b. i. Open the microwave. ii. Prepare the plate with food. iii. Programme the microwave and close the door. iv. Do not use any metal objects.
112
UNIT 4
4 Considering the exercises on page 112 and the title of the lesson, what do
you think the listening text will be about? a. How to use a microwave. b. How to follow instructions. c. How to make a phone call.
GO AHEAD
5 6
Listen and check your predictions in Exercise 4. Put the pictures in the order you hear the instructions.
113
Listen again and put the instructions (a. - f.) in order; then match them with the pictures in Exercise 6 (1 - 6). a. Fold the top and bottom of the head away from you. b. Put the coloured side face down on the table. c. Fold the corners together and unfold. d. Draw eyes, a nose and a mouth. e. Fold the dog's ears down. f. Fold the paper along the diagonal line.
Listen again. Which of the words in the box does the instructor use to indicate a sequence of events? Write them in your notebook.
after that finally first last next second then to begin with
now
Cause If you put the coloured side face down on the table We're going to fold the paper along the diagonal line Fold the corners together and unfold You can draw eyes, a nose and a mouth.
10
Listen again and complete these sentences. a. I hope that you are all ________________________________________. b. Can you tell us about ________________________________________? c. I'm going to show ___________________________________________.
11
Listen again and answer the questions. a. What is the name of the art of paper folding? b. Where is it originally from? c. Who took this art to Japan? d. What is the plan for the first class?
12
Listen once more and check which expressions from Exercise 3 were used in the listening text.
114
UNIT 4
MAKE CONNECTIONS
take a CloSer look
Going to + infinitive (continued) 1. Read these sentences that express plans or intentions. We're going to travel to Europe. We're going to see lots of old buildings and museums. (a plan for the future). I'm going to be a famous scientist when I finish school. (this is my intention for the future).
2. Read these sentences that express certainty for the future. Watch out! That tree is going to fall! Don't worry. I know you are going to pass the exam. The sky is very dark; it's going to rain tonight. 3. Read these sentences from the recording. Which one expresses a plan or intention and which one certainty for the future? a. We are not going to do anything complicated. b. Careful with the scissors! They are going to fall from the desk!
Danger
You have probably heard the expression: I'm gonna .. I'm gonna do it. Or I'm gonna come. It means: I am going to . This is a slang expression some English speakers use. You should be aware that it exists but try not to use it, especially in formal situations.
14 Fill in the blanks in this story with last, first, next, second.
Susan's going to make a peanut butter and jelly sandwich. __________, she's going to put peanut butter on one slice of bread. __________, she's going to spread jelly on another slice of bread. __________, she's going to put the two slices of bread together. __________, she's going to eat her sandwich. I'm sure it is going to be delicious.
115
Have a CHat
15
Billy and Joel are talking about Billy's plans for next Saturday. a. Put the pictures in the order the actions are mentioned in the conversation.
b. Complete Billy and Joels conversation and then check with the recording. Joel: ______________________________________________? Billy: Well, first of all I'm going to sleep a lot. Joel: ______________________________________________? Billy: Second, I'm going to have a big breakfast! Joel: ______________________________________________? Billy: After that, I'm going to watch some TV, read the morning papers, go for a long walk and then I'm going to have a nice lunch. Joel: ______________________________________________? Billy: Next, I'm going to get together with some friends to play cards and video games. Joel: ______________________________________________? Billy: Finally, I'm going to go to a party or a disco and I'm going to dance all night long. Joel: I see that your weekend is going to be very busy. Billy: I hope so!
116
UNIT 4
16
Listen to the recording and practise the conversation with a partner. Take turns to be Billy and Joel. Role play the conversation in front of the class, including as much true information about yourself as possible.
FaSt CHeCk
WrIte It DoWn
18 Choose one of the following objects and write the instructions to use it.
a. A DVD.
b. A webcam.
c. A food mixer.
d. A video recorder.
CHeCk It over!
4
I did OK I did really well!
Tick one box in each row according to your performance in this lesson.
I need more work Listening Speaking Writing
117
THINK AHEAD
1 Match the pictures (1 - 3) with the titles (a. - c.). Do you know any other
Greek myths? Which ones? Tell your classmates. Mi d n a t e se r
Greek is an Indo-European language spoken in Greece, Cyprus and the Middle East. English has borrowed a large number of words from Greek. They can be grouped into several categories: Educational and sporting: gymnasium, mathematics. Mythology: amazon, Pegasus. Social and political: democracy, demographic. Terms from Christianity: Eucharist, catholic. Theatrical: drama, chorus. Animals: buffalo, crocodile. Place names: Egypt, Ethiopia. The vast majority of Greek borrowings are scientific terms: astronomy, geography, biology, anthropology, and many, many others. Can you add more words to this list?
a. "Part-human and part-horse" b. "Zeus and the gods of Mount Olympus" c. "The Trojan Horse"
2 Which Chilean myths do you know? Describe one in your group. 3 Read the words in the box. Which ones do you think have a positive
connotation, which ones a negative and which ones a neutral connotation? Use a dictionary if necessary.
apple basket chief favour fine naive quiet smart terrible vengeful
Positive Negative Neutral
lie weight
4 Which words from Exercise 3 would you expect to find in a myth about a
Greek giant?
You can check the origin of a word (its etymology, also Greek origin!) at the following site: http://www.etymonline.com
118
UNIT 4
Source: The Complete World of Greek Mythology by Richard Buxton (Hardcover - Jun 28, 2004), published by Thames and Hudson.
119
Bear it in mind
Do you know what a heading is and what role it has in a text? How is it different from a title? While a title is an identifying name given to a book, play, film, musical composition, or other work or part of work (for example a chapter) a heading is usually a line of text serving to indicate what the passage below is about. A title can be a longer line of text or just one word, for example "Jaws" or "The Wonderful Adventures of Alice in Wonderland", but a heading is a summary of what a given text or a piece of text is about.
GO AHEAD
5 Read the text and check your predictions in Exercise 4. 6 Read the text again and choose one heading (a. - d.) for each paragraph
(I - III). There is an extra heading you do not need to use. a. How Atlas defeated the dragon. b. Smart Hercules - silly Atlas. c. Hercules asks for a favour. d. Atlas's crime and punishment.
7 Some sentences (a. - d.) have been removed from the paragraphs. Can
you put them back into the corresponding spaces (1) - (4)? a. In two days he returned with a full basket. b. Its an ideal job for a giant like you. c. For a long time he was not sure how to punish Atlas. d. Let him hold it for ever.
8 Look at the expressions in bold in the text. Who do they refer to?
Paragraph I a. with him i. Atlas Paragraph II b. who lived i. the nymphs c. from him i. Atlas Paragraph III d. his nose i. Atlass
ii. Zeus
ii. Hercules
120
UNIT 4
MAKE CONNECTIONS
take a CloSer look
wish 1. Read these sentences from the text. a. I wish I knew what kind of punishment to give you. b. I wish I were somewhere else, but I'm here. c. I wish I could scratch my nose.
2. What do the sentences express? We use this structure when we would like things to be different from what they actually are. We use the verb wish to refer to how we'd like things to be in the present or to talk about how we would like things to be in the future. 3. The general concept is sometimes known as 'wishful thinking' and often coincides with the use of ojal in Spanish. Here are more examples: I wish you were here. It's so hot today. I wish we had a cold drink. 4. Notice that we use the Past Tense after the verb wish.
10 Read these extracts from the text and write how Atlas would express
his wishes. a. So one day he decided to lead a revolt against the Mount Olympus gods and take the throne by force for himself. _________________________________________________________. b. And from that day on Atlas had to stand in the middle of the universe, all alone. _________________________________________________________. c. He couldn't drop the weight. _________________________________________________________.
11 According to the text, who do you think could ask these questions: Zeus,
Hercules or Atlas? a. _____________: What are you going to do with the apples? b. _____________: How am I going to punish you? c. _____________: So, are you going to help me?
121
13 Read the myth quickly again and find all the expressions with do or make.
Danger
Examine more expressions with make and do.
do one's best make plans make an do good exception do harm do a favour make arrangements do business make a telephone call make a decision make a mistake make noise make money make an excuse make an effort
15
Complete this interview with young athlete, Jenna. What are her wishes / regrets? Use the verbs in the box. Check with the recording.
can
Reporter: Jenna: Reporter: Jenna: Reporter: Jenna: Reporter: Jenna:
have
know
speak
So Jenna, do you speak any foreign languages? Only English, but I _____________ French and Spanish. Why Spanish? Because I _____________ travel around South America, but in fact I can't. What's stopping you? As an athlete I spend most of my time practising. I _____________ more time for a few hobbies. When do you think you'll have more time? I _____________ ! I'm really busy now with the London Olympics coming.
Have a CHat
16
Listen to the recording and practise the interview. Role play it in front of the class.
122
UNIT 4
FaSt CHeCk
(10 points)
a. I don't have a dog, but I _____________________________________. b. Today is Thursday, but I ______________________________________. c. I can't speak German but I ___________________________________. d. It is cold and rainy outside; I __________________________________. e. I'm really hungry! I _________________________________________.
Your result: 0-5 Review the lesson 6-8 Quite good 9 - 10 Excellent
WrIte It DoWn
Make an exception
Do a favour
Do my best
Make a decision
Do harm
Make a bed
CHeCk It over!
4
I did OK I did really well!
Tick one box in each row according to your performance in this lesson.
I need more work Reading Speaking Writing
123
ID LIKE TO APPLY!
LISTENING
Lesson 4
THINK AHEAD
1 Match the words in the box with the definitions (a. - d.)
applicant apply for interview interviewer
a. To request or look for assistance, employment, or admission. b. A formal meeting in person, especially one arranged to asses the professional competences of a person. c. A person who wants to get a job and asks for it. d. A person conducting an interview.
2 What do these people want? Match the pictures (1 - 4) with what the
people say (a. - d.).
a.
b.
c.
d.
124
UNIT 4
3 Read the list of duties below. Which ones do you think are the duties of a
receptionist? a. Answering calls and taking messages. b. Cooking the boss's lunch and dinner. c. Dealing with phone enquiries. d. Driving the company car. e. Greeting visitors and directing them to the correct person or department. f. Issuing security passes. g. Keeping the reception area tidy. h. Keeping the visitors' book. i. Providing information to visitors.
GO AHEAD
4 5
Listen to the two interviews and check your predictions in Exercise 3. Listen again and fill in this file for each person interviewed.
Interview II
Listen to the interviews again. One person uses quite informal language. Which one? Make a list of the informal terms he / she uses. Listen again. Which word is being used? Choose the best alternative. a. I wish to apply for the job I saw in the art / ad. b. I have been a receptionist for a law / lawn firm c. How are your computer skills / skips? d. I'm quite useless / useful at languages.
MAKE CONNECTIONS
8 In pairs discuss both interviews. Who do you think should get the job?
Give reasons. Compare with other pairs.
125
expressing what we want 1. We can express what we want using two expressions: want to and would like to. Examples: I want to be a fire fighter when I grow up. I would like to be a pop singer when I'm older.
2. The only difference between the two is that would like to is more polite or tentative than want to. 3. We sometimes use wish + infinitive as a formal alternative to want to or would like to with reference to present and future wish situations. Examples: I wish to make a complaint and I would like to see the manager. I do not wish to renew my subscription; I want to cancel it right now. I wish to remove my name from your database. I want a solution now. I don't ever wish to see you again! 4. We can also use wish to express good wishes. Examples: We wish you a merry Christmas. We wish you a speedy recovery. I wish you all the best on your birthday. 5. Read these examples from the recording. Which of them can you rewrite using would like to and want? I wish to apply for the job. We wish you lots of luck. Why do you wish to change jobs?
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UNIT 4
10 Ask and answer these questions with your partner, providing true
information about yourself. a. What would you like to drink? b. Where do you want to go after school? c. What do you wish to change about yourself? d. What would you like to study? e. Where do you wish to live in the future? f. Why do people want to be popular? Have a CHat
11
Listen to the recording and practise the dialogues with your partner. Replace the parts underlined with your own ideas. Role play one in front of the class. I Glen: Do you ever wish you were someone else? Ross: Yes, sometimes. Glen: Who would you like to be? Ross: Sometimes I want to be a football player and sometimes I want to be a rock star. Glen: Yeah, I wish I could be a famous guitar player or a drummer in Cold Play. Ross: There is a Cold Play concert next week. I would like to go. Glen: If you want we can try to get tickets. II Mr. Drake: I would like to see the shop manager. Assistant: What is it about, Sir? Mr. Drake: I wish to make a complaint about the refrigerator I bought from the shop. Assistant: What seems to be the problem? Mr. Drake: I want to change it because it isnt working properly. Assistant: Would you like to take a seat, please? The manager will see you in a moment.
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12 Work with a partner and choose one of the jobs advertised here. Follow
the prompts to role play the interview. Take turns to be the interviewer and the candidate. Interviewer: You: Interviewer: You: Interviewer: You: Interviewer: You: Interviewer: You: Interviewer: You: Interviewer: You: Interviewer: Greet and invite candidate to sit. Respond. Ask candidate which position he / she is applying for. Reply Ask candidate's name and age. Reply Ask candidate about his / her experience. Mention your past and present jobs and the languages you speak. Ask candidate about his / her duties Answer. Ask candidate about his / her computer skills. Answer. Ask candidate any other relevant question(s). Answer. End the interview.
We are seeking new faces for catalogue, magazine shoots, TV adverts, movies, Billboards, and posters.. You could earn 100 to 600 per day working as a fashion model...Urgently seeking extras for movies and commercials. For an appointment pls call 0207 736 9768 and 0207 736 1661 or email us with your picture (doesnt have to be professional) You can email us as well (due to high volume of applicants only successful candidate will be contacted) Age 16+ no height or race restriction, all nationalities welcome, no experience necessary. Thanks
We are the first building on your left called HURLINGHAM STUDIOS
1
Location: Kensington, West London (W10) Map - Salary: 9.80p/h Company: Brampton Training & Consultancy Ltd - Job type: Contract Description: To work closely with library/information managers in the day-to-day running of a library or information service.This involves assisting service users to locate information and resources, often requesting items held in other libraries; there is considerable contact with people in other departments, as well as the public. Hours as follows: Tuesdays 1-3; Thursdays 1-3 Fridays 9-2; Saturdays 9-1=13 hours per week. Applicants to have library and customer service experience
Date posted: Monday 16th February Location: West London (Kensington) Please reply to this add ONLY if you comply with all requirements: We are looking for a responsible and confident nanny to look after our 9-month old baby on a PART-TIME basis. We are located in Kensington (W8). MUST HAVE: British Nationality (English as a native language) Non-smoker Excellent references Previous experience with babies Look forward to hearing from you.
2
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UNIT 4
FaSt CHeCk
13 Complete these sentences with the correct structure after wish (past
simple or infinitive) (10 points) a. Winter is beautiful in this city, but I wish we _________ some snow! (have) b. If you wish _________ to the director send him a letter first. (talk) c. I'm quite short; I wish I _________ taller. (be) d. On their next trip to Asia they wish _________ the Great Wall in China. (visit) e. I can't understand Franoise! I wish _________ some French. (know)
Your result: 0-5 Review the lesson 6-8 Quite good 9 - 10 Excellent
WrIte It DoWn
14 Read this advertisement for the position of waiter / waitress. Write a list of
questions you would ask a candidate for the job. Compare with another student.
Waiter/waitress needed
Your duties will be: Provide excellent customer service. Assist customers with special needs. Inform customers of daily specials and prices. Suggest menu selections to customers. Operate a cash register. Promptly remove dishes and glasses from the tables.
Must be over 18 as alcoholic drinks are served on the premises. Our restaurant, which opens between 5 p.m. and 2 a.m., has a large number of Italian customers. CHeCk It over!
4
I did OK I did really well!
Tick one box in each row according to your performance in this lesson.
I need more work Listening Speaking Writing
129
1 Carol and Greg are planning their wedding party. They are preparing a list of things they are or are not
going to do. Use their notes to write full sentences. Use going to + infinitive to write the sentences.
Yes 4 Make a guest list 4 Rent a salon for the wedding 4 Get a music band 4 Buy flowers 4 Order food and drink 4 Buy dress for Carole 4 Buy suit for Greg 4 Buy wedding rings 4 Write invitations No 8 Rent a limousine 8 Go on a honeymoon 8 Invite people we don't like 8 Worry about problems!
130
UNIT 4
2 Carol and her friend Gina are discussing the wedding. Using the list in Exercise 1 and your sentences
prepare a conversation between the two friends with Gina asking questions and Carol answering them. Example: Gina: Are you going to rent a limousine? Carol: No, we aren't. We are going to use my car.
3 Match the two parts and write the complete sentences in your notebook.
If you are going to do something If you are going to drive If you are going to travel abroad If he is going to keep shouting at me If John is going to come to the party If she is going to study languages I am definitely not coming; I can't stand him! I will just leave the room. she should watch foreign films. make sure that you do it well! make sure you don't drink any alcohol. don't forget to take your passport.
4 What is Davina's life like and what would she like it to be? Fill in the blanks in her story.
My name is Davina but I really don't like my name. I wish _________. I am really very tall and I wish ____________________ ____________________. My parents and I live on a farm in the country, but I wish __________. On the farm I spend a lot of time looking after the animals; I wish ____________________. All my best friends live very far away and I wish ______________. Next week there is a rock concert in Colchester but I can't go. I wish ____________.
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1 Read the text and these sentences that were removed from it. Put them back in their
corresponding places (1) - (5). a. is taking us around Calbuco b. parties to thank mother nature for good weather c. The biggest curanto in the world d. we took a boat tour e. where people do winter sports
5 pts.
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UNIT 4
5 pts.
city tour.
Concn. Via del Mar. e. They saw the spectacular view from
Farellones.
Valle Nevado.
133
4 pts.
LISTENING - HOW TO USE IT 4 Listen to the recording and choose the best option.
a. The first recording provides instruction for the use of a cash machine / video recorder. b. The second recording provides the instructions for the use of a microwave oven / a payphone. c. The first set of instructions is recorded by a restaurant / a bank. d. The second set of instructions is recorded by a shop customer service / phone company.
4 pts.
Listen to the second set of instructions again and complete them. a. First, you __________________________________________________________________. b. Then, you _________________________________________________________________. c. After that you ______________________________________________________________. d. Later, you __________________________________________________________________. e. Then, you _________________________________________________________________. f. Finally, you ________________________________________________________________.
6 pts.
LANGUAGE 6 Write questions for the underlined parts using the question words in brackets.
a. Jackie is going to visit her grandparents in Torquay (who). b. Torquay is a nice little town on the coast. (where). c. She is going to drive (how). d. Before she goes, she is going to buy them a box of chocolates (what). e. She is going to buy the present because it is her grandmother's birthday. (why). f. She and her grandparents are going to have lunch at a restaurant by the sea (where).
6 pts.
4 pts.
8 Complete the sentences with wish + Simple past tense or wish + infinitive.
a. She wishes __________ the first woman to stand on the Moon. b. I'm so busy. I wish I __________ more time to myself. c. She is a good athlete but she wishes she __________ much better. d. Dear sir, the reason I'm writing this letter is because I wish __________ a reservation. (be) (have) (be). (make)
4 pts.
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UNIT 4
SPEAKING 9 Complete this conversation with the corresponding questions. Then role play it with a partner.
A: B: A: B: A: B: A: B: ________________________________________________________________________? I think the hotel is 3 kilometres from the city centre. ________________________________________________________________________? It takes 10 minutes by car and 45 minutes walking. ________________________________________________________________________? The taxi fare is around 2,000 pesos. ________________________________________________________________________? We are going to stay in the city for 5 days.
10 pts.
WRITING 10 Imagine that you have found a magic lamp and you can ask the genie for five wishes. What
would they be? Write them down using wish + Simple Past tense.
10 pts.
20 - 39 Acceptable
40 - 58 Great!
Total 58 pts.
44
Always Nearly Always Sometimes Never
Choose one alternative according to your performance. Speaking I use English structures correctly. I use varied and correct vocabulary. Others can understand me. Writing My writing is coherent and follows the central idea. I use the correct sentence formation and sentence structure. I use correct spelling, punctuation, capitalisation and format. Reading I am aware of the differences in tenses, gender and number. I identify the main idea and understand the text as a whole. I can locate details and look for specific information. Listening I can get the general idea. I understand the details and identify speakers. I identify the source of the listening text and recognise the format. Group work I share my ideas with the group. I listen to and respect my partners' points of view. I help solve problems and contribute relevant information.
Use this clue to work out your score Never = 0 Sometimes = 1 Nearly Always = 2 Always = 3 If you get:
0 - 10 = Watch out! You must look back
and review the whole unit. Ask your teacher and / or a classmate for additional help and remedial work. 11 - 22 = Not too bad, but there are areas you still have problems with. Identify those areas and ask your teacher and / or a classmate for additional help and remedial work. 23 - 34 = You are doing fine, but you can certainly do better. Get together with a classmate and review your weak points. 35 - 45 = Congratulations! Great progress - you may look ahead to the new unit and help your classmates who need to review.
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136
Set Up
2 Match the words in the box with the definitions (a. e.).
life lifestyle live (adj.) living still-life
a. a means of maintaining life, for example earning an income. b. a state that distinguishes organisms from non-living objects, such as non-living, and dead organisms. Organisms in this state are capable of growth and reproduction. c. a way of life or style of living that reflects the attitudes and values of a person or group. d. a work of art depicting mostly inanimate objects such as food, flowers, plants, etc . e. show, programme, news, etc. made or done at the time something is actually happening.
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ALTERNATIVE LIFESTYLES
READING
Lesson 1
THINK AHEAD
extraordinary
2 Which pictures below show an alternative lifestyle? Express your point of view.
Bear it in mind
To narrate personal experiences we usually speak in the first person, singular (I) or plural (we). We also use possessive adjectives such as my or our, and possessive pronouns such as mine and ours. Some expressions we can use are: I knowWe saw. I experienced, etc.
Use the expressions below: In my view / in my opinion/ from my point of view/ I feel /I believe
3 What kind of family is your family? Talk to the people in your group. 4 Considering the pictures, the title of the lesson and the exercises above,
what do you think the texts will be about?
138
UNIT 5
I.
I know this guy whose name is Gregory Pike. He is famous because a video about him and his pets Mousey, Kitty and Booger - is posted on YouTube and it is visited by many people every day. In the video you can see the animals standing one on top of the other and they all look happy and friendly! You can see that Greg loves his pets because they are well looked after. Pike seems to be a strange guy, but who cares? It doesnt matter if you or I approve of his lifestyle or not because as I see it, we are free to live our lives the way we want to. In Santa Barbara where he lives as a homeless person he is treated with respect and admiration and wherever he goes he is greeted and offered small presents, and restaurants keep leftover food for him. He keeps some of it for himself, gives a little to the animals and offers the rest to other homeless guys he knows from the streets of Santa Barbara, which proves once again that humanity is the message.
y his wife Sandra, lived a happ g time my friend Jorge and II. For a lon and raising were busy doing their jobs life in Santiago, Chile. They city the blue, they decided that ughter, but one day, out of their da ir decision t they were not sure about the life was not for them. At firs y made ra got sick with asthma so the but then their daughter Isido untains. ir bags and moved to the mo up their minds, packed the nking t is built of adobe and the dri They now live in a house tha m a nearby and washing is pumped fro water they use for cooking f of the ted by solar panels on the roo stream. Electricity is genera the rest for ables they eat and exchange house. They plant the veget who is a e. From time to time Jorge, things such as beans and ric puters. to fix or programme a few com computer engineer, is asked is a some money; Sandra, who He goes into town and earns and so they -made jams and preserves fantastic cook, sells her home and ts were annoyed with Jorge the bills. At first, their paren can pay Jorge and vinced it is a good lifestyle. Sandra, but now they are con ole family. sitive experience for the wh Sandra say this is a very po le helped healthy and stress-free lifesty They also believe that their a. cure their daughters asthm
III. This girl I know, Tony a Kay is a professional da ncer and she has worked in film and theatr e since she was 15. She be lieves that we are what we eat and she says that she prefers to be an apple and not a steak! Tonya says tha t it was difficult for her be cause she grew up on a farm and ha d to watch the workers kil l animals that were then sold to local su permarkets. Her parents were really annoyed with her for her radical views but when sh e was 8 she decided to become a vege tarian and for the last 11 years she has been a vegan - a strict vege tarian who eats no animal food or dairy products and does not us e products such as leathe r. It is very important for her to follow her ideals. She says that an imals are killed by humans for foo d but in fact we could all just eat vegetables and fruit and still live happy and healt hy lives. She says that she is the best example of a healthy person who never eats animal products. She insist s that she hasnt been sick since becoming a vegan and, as an athlete, her body recov ers in half the time it used to.
Sources: YouTube, La Tercer a, http://www.rawfoodplane t.com
LIFE AS WE KNOW IT
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GO AHEAD
5 Read the text and check your predictions in Exercise 3. 6 Match the pictures with the stories and choose a title for each.
a. Friends for ever b. Living a simple life c. Staying healthy and athletic
7 Read the text again and choose the best answer to these questions.
a. What is the general mood of the three articles? i. pessimistic ii. critical iii. positive iv.indifferent b. Why did the people in the three articles decide on an alternative lifestyle? i. They had the obligation to do it. ii. It was their choice. iii. It was a family tradition. iv.They were bored.
9 Read the text again and indicate which of these sentences express a fact
and which ones an opinion. a. In Santa Barbara, where he lives as a homeless person, he is treated with respect and admiration. b. As I see it, we are free to live our lives as we want to. c. They now live in a house that is built of adobe. d. They also believe that their healthy and stress-free lifestyle helped cure their daughters asthma. e. She believes that we are what we eat. f. Tonya Kay is a professional dancer.
140
UNIT 5
MAKE CONNECTIONS
take a CloSer look
the passive Voice 1. Read these sentences from the text paying special attention to the verb form in bold. a. The pets are well looked after. b. The drinking water they use for cooking and washing is pumped from a nearby stream. c. A video about him and his pets is posted on YouTube. d. It is visited by many people every day.
2. Notice that in sentences a., b. and c. we do not know who carried out the actions, although in some cases we can guess. a. The pets are well looked after by their owner / by Gregory. b. Water is pumped from the stream by Jorge and Sandra. 3. Notice that in sentence c. we know who carries out the action, but what is important is the action itself and not the people who do it. 4. Study the form of the Passive Voice. The animals are abandoned in the streets of Santa Barbara. Object + is/are + past participle. 5. Go back to the text and find three more sentences in the Passive Voice. Is the performer of the action stated explicitly? If not, can you guess? Copy the sentences in your notebook; underline the elements in Point 4. in different colours.
Danger
Compare the sentences in A and B. A The pets are abandoned. The boy is punished. The girls are invited to a party. B The pets are frightened. The boy is bored. The girls are interested in that film. The structures of the two groups of sentences look identical but they express different ideas. The sentences in A are in the Passive Voice, while the sentences in B use the verb to be and an adjective.
11 Which of these sentences are in the Passive Voice and which ones use adjectives?
a. We are pleased to know that you can come. b. I am shocked by your action. c. Two million bikes are produced each year by that company. d. She is worried she cannot get there on time. e. Hundreds of people are offered new houses. f. Copper is exported from Chile to all parts of the world.
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13 These books are commonly read by people all over the word. Who are
they written by? Say / write the sentences. Example: Harry Potter and the Philosophers Stone is written by J.K. Rowling.
a. J.K. Rowling Harry Potter and the Philosophers Stone b. J. R.R. Tolkien The Fellowship of the Ring c. C.S Lewis - The Chronicles of Narnia d. Isabel Allende The House of the Spirits e. Gabriel Garca Mrquez 100 Years of Solitude f. Allegra Goodman - Intuition
15
Read Lisa Buckleys school report card and prepare a conversation about the teachers opinions. Compare with the recording. Example: A: What does Mrs. White think of Lisa? B. Lisa is described by Mrs. White as talented but a bit lazy. Or B: In Mrs. Whites opinion Lisa is talented but a bit lazy.
142
UNIT 5
16
Listen and practise the dialogue with your partner. Role play it in front of the class.
FaSt CHeCk
(10 points)
a. Every year, somebody makes a white and pink cake for my birthday. b. Somebody cuts the grass in our garden every month. c. The volunteers cook dinner for the whole group. d. People send lots of greeting cards for Christmas. e. That technician repairs at least five computers every day.
Your result: 0-5 Review the lesson 6-8 Quite good 9 - 10 Excellent
Write it DoWn
CHeCk it oVer!
4
I did OK I did really well!
Tick one box in each row according to your performance in this lesson.
I need more work Reading Speaking Writing
LIFE AS WE KNOW IT
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THINK AHEAD
Sorry! Sorry! Sorry! Sorry! Sorry! Sorry! Sorry! Sorry! Sorry! Sorry! Sorry! Sorry! Sorry! Sorry! Sorry! Sorry! Sorry! Sorry! Sorry! Sorry! Sorry! Sorry! Sorry! Sorry! Sorry! Sorry! Sorry! Sorry! Sorry! Sorry! Sorry! Sorry! Sorry! Sorry! Sorry! Sorry! Sorry! Sorry! Sorry! Sorry! Sorry! Sorry! Sorry! Sorry! Sorry! Sorry! Sorry! Sorry! Sorry! Sorry! Sorry! Sorry! Sorry! Sorry! Sorry! Sorry! Sorry! Sorry! Sorry! Sorry! Sorry! Sorry! Sorry!
1 2 3
2 Read this list of song titles. Which one would you like to dedicate to a
friend? Why? a. The Power of Love - Celine Dion b. Stand by Me Ben. E. King c. All I Want is You U2 d. She will be Loved Maroon Five e. Ill be There for you from the series Friends f. Other (name the title and the singer)
144
UNIT 5
3 You will hear a radio programme where a young man is dedicating a song
to a girlfriend. Why do you think he is doing this? Choose one alternative. a. He needs to say he is sorry. b. He would like to see her again. c. He wants to tell her he loves her. d. He wishes she didnt have to go away.
GO AHEAD
Danger
Learning English through songs is a very good and fun idea. However, you should be careful because often song lyrics contain very colloquial, abbreviated and sometimes even incorrect expressions such as cause, I aint, I wanna, Im gonna, etc.
Listen to the first part of the programme and check your prediction in Exercise 3. Listen again and find the answers to these questions. a. What time is the programme on? b. Who is the programme for? c. How much time does the listener have to talk about his problem? d. What would he tell his girlfriend if she was listening to the programme?
Listen again and complete these sentences. a. Others would like to say ______________________________________. b. I just need to tell someone ____________________________________. c. I have to get in touch with her _________________________________. d. I have to tell her to think of the things ___________________________.
Listen to the second part of the programme and check your prediction in Exercise 4. Listen to the song again. What kind of song is it? a. Happy. c. Funny. e. Sad. g. Bitter. b. d. f. h. Nostalgic. Tragic. Nice. Warm.
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10
Listen to the song once more and identify the word you hear. a. In my life / time I loved them all. b. There is no one compares with her / you c. When I think of love as something new / true d. And I know Ill never lose affection / attention
MAKE CONNECTIONS
take a CloSer look
Want to, need to, have to, would like to 1. Study the sentences from the recording. a. Some need to say I love you. b. You want to say youre sorry. c. I have to get in touch with her. d. Id like to dedicate this song .
2. We use these verbs to express something we want, need or have an obligation to do. 3. Need to, want to, and have to are used in the same way as other verbs. They form the negative form with dont / doesnt and the interrogative form with do / does. Their past tense is needed, wanted, had. 4. Pay attention to would like to. I would not like to sing that song. Would you like to play a musical instrument? 5. Rewrite the sentences from the song in Exercise 7 using the different verbs in this section. How does their meaning change?
11 Complete these sentences with need, would like, want or have to.
a. What ________ you ________ to drink, orange juice or mineral water? b. If you want to pass the test you ________ pay attention to what the teacher is saying. c. I ________ to be a pilot when I finish school. d. You ________ to be more careful when you cross the street. e. I dont ________ your help, thank you. I can do it on my own.
146
UNIT 5
12 Change these sentences into the negative form. Use the correct tense.
a. She wanted to invite 50 guests to the party. b. I need to get ready for the trip. c. They would like to ask you for help. d. She had to pay for the holiday with her credit card. e. They need to revise for the test. f. We want to collect a lot of money for the class trip.
HaVe a CHat
13
Use the visual clues to complete the conversations. Check with the recording.
Diana: If you were a famous pop star, who would you like to be? You: ______________________________________________________ Diana: When you finish school, where would you like to live? You: ______________________________________________________ Diana: What do you want to eat, pizza or pasta? You: ______________________________________________________ Diana: Do you have to study chemistry or physics? You: ______________________________________________________ Diana: To make a brownie, do I need milk or water? You: ______________________________________________________
14
Listen to the recording and practise the dialogues with a partner. Answer using your own ideas. Role play the conversations in front of the class.
LIFE AS WE KNOW IT
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a. I'm sorry, sir, but I need to see your ticket. b. We need to buy some weed killer. c. Would you like to take a seat?
FaSt CHeCk
(10 points)
c. How ___________ you ___________ your coffee: white or black? i. would like ii. would need d. They ___________ come with us. They said they were too busy. i. dont want to ii. didnt want to e. You ___________ to buy us a present, but thank you very much! i. neednt ii. didnt have
Your result: 0-5 Review the lesson 6-8 Quite good 9 - 10 Excellent
148
UNIT 5
Write it DoWn
a. Work in groups of 5 - 8 students and collect 10 15 small objects (keys, pens, pictures, rubbers, sweets, etc.). b. Put them on the desk in a specific order and then look at them very carefully, trying to memorise the positions. c. Ask one person to move away from the group and change the position of two of the objects. d. The person who has moved away has to discover which objects changed positions and where. Example: The key ring was next to the red pen; now it is next to the sweets. CHeCk it oVer!
4
I did OK I did really well!
Tick one box in each row according to your performance in this lesson.
I need more work Reading Speaking Writing
LIFE AS WE KNOW IT
149
LIFE AS wE kNEw IT
READING
Lesson 3
THINK AHEAD
1 Do you know these famous places? What are their names? Where are they?
2 Copy this word map into your notebook. Classify the words in the box
into the corresponding categories.
Structures
Man - made
Natural
Modern
Ancient
Water
Solid
Buckingham Palace Easter Island Mount Everest Mount Rushmore Niteroi bridge San Cristbal hill The Alhambra The Antarctic Peninsula The Atacama Desert The Bo Bo river The Central Valley The Channel Tunnel The Colosseum The Eiffel Tower The Empire State Building The Entel Tower The Forbidden City The Maipo Canyon The Moon The National Stadium The Nile The Pacific Ocean The Sphinx The Statue of Liberty The Tinguiririca Bridge The Yangtze River dam
You will find hundreds of famous man-made structures at http://www.teachnet.ie/roleary/index.html with the corresponding descriptions and pictures.
150
UNIT 5
3 Which words from Exercise 2 would you expect to find in a text about life
on earth without human population?
Bear it in mind
Have you noticed that some of the words in exercise 2 use the definite article the and some don't? We use the before: names of rivers, oceans and seas (the Nile, the Pacific) points on the globe (the Equator, the North Pole) geographical areas (the west) deserts, forests, gulfs, and peninsulas (the Sahara, the Black Forest, the Persian Gulf, the Iberian Peninsula) buildings (The Empire State Building) We do not use the before: names of countries (Italy, Mexico) except the Netherlands and the USA. names of cities, towns, or states (Seoul, Manitoba, Miami) names of streets (Main Street, Cedar Street) names of lakes (Lake Titicaca, Lake Michigan) names of mountains (Mount Everest, Mount Aconcagua) except with ranges of mountains like the Andes, the Alps names of continents (Asia, America) names of islands (Easter Island, Staten Island) except with island chains such as the Canary Islands
GO AHEAD
4 Read the text and check your predictions in Exercise 3. 5 Four important landmarks in the pictures below were mentioned in the
text. Which ones? Which ones are not mentioned?
6 Read the text again. Notice that parts of it have been taken out (a. f.).
Choose the replacement from the options provided (i. or ii.). a. i. our staff reporter b. i. everything intact c. i. were ancient Egyptians d. i. no more gas e. i. former domestic pets f. i. only cities will be left ii. Prof. David Gellibrand ii. almost nothing ii. 20th century American ii. no more power ii. dolphins and sharks ii. nothing will be left
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I. A warm welcome to all readers. Its been a few months since our last newsletter. First of all, we would like to greet and thank all our contributors who support it with their kind donations. Please notice that from next month on you should send your donations to our new account in Barclays Bank. You may also send checks but please do not send any cash in your letters. This month, the main article for the newsletter is written by the well-known anthropologist Professor Gellibrand. If you want to contact him you ought to send your mails to dgellibrand@gmail.com. Hell be happy to answer all your questions about Earth when we are gone. Pictures are provided by the National Geographic. Earth without us, by (a.) _____________________________
II. Welcome to Planet Earth : Population 0. When you loo k around all you can see is abandoned buildings - now they are v ertical ecosystems complete with birds, rodents and even pla nt life. Bears and foxes walking down the streets in California where once Hollywood stars walked. Ou r cars are turned into piles of dust, our house pets replaced by all kinds of animals, the sky da rk without any lights on. This is what it may look like without inh abitants, meaning us humans. The images you can see in the bro chure are created to illustrate what wo uld happen if human life sto pped tomorrow, if, for whatever reason (nuclear disaster, Wo rld War III, a plague, or a super volcanic eruption) mankind disappe ared. If we disappeared what wo uld happen to our cities? How much would we leave behind? What might an alien visito r learn about us when landing on our pla net a century or more aft er we vanish from it? The answer, astonishingly, is: (b.) ____________. With in a hundred years most traces of our modern-day lives might not be visible at all - destroyed by weather, corrosion, ea rth tremors, surviving animals, insect s and bacteria. How do we know that? We know it must be true becau se we can see it from previous experi ences, with Pompeii devoure d by a volcano and Machu Picchu, which disappeared under jungle plants. The 1986 nuclear power pla nt accident at Chernobyl and its terrible consequences prov ides an interesting case stu dy of what happens to big cities after they are abandoned by hu man inhabitants. Based on thi s experience, we think tha t an alien visiting Earth might belie ve that the last civilization on the planet (c.) ___________.
III. So what might hap pen if we stop existing? First of all, ligh ts will start going out around the wor almost immediately. There will be (d.) ld ____________. Fire will consume imp ortant cities such as Rome and New York City might very well fall into pieces. After only six months, urb an areas may become repopulated but not by humans but by wild animals, including (e.) _________ ______. Ten years later, vegetation will cover important landmar ks such as Buckingham Palace, the Kre mlin or the Empire State Building. Within 20 years wolves , lions, foxes and bears will be the mas ter species, walking the streets. Buildings made of wood will be the first victims of humidity and plan t life - they will be the first ones to fall. After 40 to 50 years met al structures such as the Eiffel Tower in Paris, Christ the Redeemer in Rio de Janeiro and the Stat ue of Liberty in New York will corrode and fall down. And with time, (f.) ______________. It must be a pretty sad vision - what onc e was a wonderful man-made civilisa tion will become nothing but an overgrown jungle where anim als once again are kings. Maybe we oug ht to sit down and think about what the future holds for us. Ma ybe we should think how to prevent such a disaster.
Source: TV documentary, Life After Peop le, by Gordon Masterton, former president of the Royal Institution of Civil Engineers.
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UNIT 5
7 Some words in the text are in bold. Read again and find out what they
refer to. a. Paragraph I it refers to _______________ him refers to _______________ b. Paragraph II it - refers to _______________ c. Paragraph III they refers to _______________
8 Read the text once more and decide if these statements are true or false.
a. We have previous experience with disappearing civilisations. b. Weather, corrosion and earth tremors might destroy our cities within 5 years. c. Nearly immediately there will be no lights. d. Within 20 years humans will still be the master species. e. What may finally remain will be an overgrown jungle.
MAKE CONNECTIONS
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Modal Verbs 1. Study these examples from the text paying special attention to the words in bold. a. It must be true because we have previous experience. b. New York City might very well fall into pieces. c. You should send your donations to our new account in Barclays Bank. d. We ought to sit down and think about what the future holds for us.
2. Which sentence expresses a. possibility? b. suggestion / recommendation? c. certainty? 3. We use might to express that something is possible. We use must to express that something is fairly certain. We use ought to / should to express a suggestion / recommendation. 4. Notice that ought to, unlike other modal verb, is used with to, which is an integral part of the verb. 5. Find more sentences with these modals in the text. Can you identify what they express?
154
UNIT 5
HaVe a CHat
12
Look at the pictures (1 - 4) and complete the dialogues. What do the people want, need or wish for? a. A: B: b. A: B: c. A: B: d. A: B: Well, we definitely have a problem. ____________________________________________________ Isnt this weather awful? ____________________________________________________ Are we going to have some watermelon? __________________________. _________________________ Which of the toys would you like to have? ____________________________________________________
1
13
Listen to the recording and check your dialogues. Then practise them with a partner.
FaSt CHeCk
14 Fill in the blanks in these sentences with a suitable modal verb, must,
might, ought to, or should. (10 points) a. A: Its five oclock and he is still not here. B: He _______ be lost without a map. b. If you want to pass your test you _______ study more. c. A: Where are my glasses? B: I think they _______ be in your handbag. d. A: What do you suggest I do in London? B: You _______ visit Buckingham Palace and the Tower of London. e. A: Look at Denis. His face is red and he is coughing. B: He _______ have a bad cold.
Your result: 0-5 Review the lesson 6-8 Quite good 9 - 10 Excellent
Write it DoWn
15 Choose a city you know well or do some Internet research. Describe the
city and suggest things to do there. Use might, ought to and should). CHeCk it oVer!
4
I did OK I did really well!
Tick one box in each row according to your performance in this lesson.
I need more work Reading Speaking Writing
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LIFE AS IT wILL BE
LISTENING
Lesson 4
THINK AHEAD
1 Which of these images do you think reflect life in the future? Explain your
choice.
156
UNIT 5
3 Humans must abandon the Earth because of a natural disaster and live in space.
Look at the questions and answer them in your group. Use ought to / might.
Sleep
How can they sleep when they are floating in space?
Sickness
What do they do if they get sick in space?
Entertainment
How do they spend their free time?
3
Food
What do they eat in space?
Clothes
Do they need special clothes while living and working inside the space shuttle?
Bath
Do they take baths while living and working in the space shuttle?
6
Exercise
Do they not need to exercise in space?
7
Cleaning
Do they sweep and clean up the inside of the space shuttle?
4 You will listen to a text about protecting the Earth from a possible future
disaster. Which words from the box would you expect to hear?
accident tragedy
GO AHEAD
Listen to the recording and check your predictions in Exercise 4. List all the words from the box mentioned in the recording. Are they synonyms? Which of these old proverbs is mentioned in the recording? What does it mean? a. Once bitten twice shy. b. One bird in the hand is worth two in the bush. c. Better to be safe than sorry.
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Identify five types of vegetables that are mentioned in the recording and one that is not. Write the names in your notebook.
Who said these sentences, the teacher or one of the students? a. _____________: Noah was an old man who saved all the animals on earth from a flood. b. _____________: Can we store enough food for everybody? c. _____________: The cave is called the Doomsday Vault. d. _____________: But what if the seeds go bad? e. _____________: The seeds are stored at temperatures of -18C.
Listen again and complete these sentences. a. We have to prepare for __________, maybe for a __________ war. b. Swedish __________ say that the best way to prepare for a __________ is to store __________. c. They are preparing a very __________ chamber in a __________ in a remote Arctic __________. d. This chamber, wich looks like a long tunnel is very big and it can store __________ seeds.
10
Listen once more and answer these questions. a. What nationality are the scientists developing the Doomsday Vault? b. What does Doomsday mean in old English, Judgement day or Salvation day? c. How long may the seeds in the vault last?
158
UNIT 5
MAKE CONNECTIONS
11 Use the information you collected in the listening activities to label this
illustration.
c. Location _____________
d. Capacity _____________
12 Ask and answer these questions in your group. Share and compare your
conclusions with your classmates. a. What Chilean seeds would you store in the Doomsday Vault? b. If you were a modern Noah, what animals would / wouldn't you save?
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Modal verbs must / have to 1. Read these sentences from the text. a. Do we have to prepare for a flood? b. Do we have to build a boat? c. We have to prepare for global warming. d. We must do something to prevent the disaster.
2. What difference do you notice between must and have to? The modal verb must does not use to, while the modal verb have to does. a. Obligation b. Possibility c. Suggestion Both modals express obligation. We use have to in the past, present and future tenses to express responsibility, necessity or obligation made for us by somebody or something else. We use must to express something that is considered very necessary or a strong obligation. 3. What do these modal verbs express? Here are more examples: I wish you were here. It's so hot today. I wish we had a cold drink. 4. Revise the information you collected in the listening activities and write two more sentences expressing our obligations in connection with a possible future disaster.
13 Fill in the gaps in these sentences with must or have to in the correct form.
a. Look here, young lady, you ______________ be home before midnight. Do you understand? b. He __________________ take a bus today because his car broke down. c. We _____________________________ be more careful with our planet. d. I _____________________________________ go now. It is getting late. e. ______________________________________ catch the 5 oclock train?
160
UNIT 5
HaVe a CHat
15
In your notebook, copy and complete this conversation about helping to protect the planet. Then check with the recording. Elizabeth: Howard: Elizabeth: Howard: Elizabeth: Howard: Elizabeth: Howard: So, what do you think we should do? __________ less energy. And what could we do at school? __________ recycle soft drink cans. How about planting trees in the school garden? First __________ collect some money. Do you think we could prepare an ecological newsletter? Good idea, but we __________ find someone to write it.
FaSt CHeCk
16 Deborahs parents are going on a short holiday. They have left her a list
of things she has to do while they are away. Write the complete sentences. (10 points) a. Answer the phone and write down messages b. Buy food at the supermarket c. Check all doors before going out d. Clean and tidy up before we arrive. e. Feed the cat f. Phone grandparents g. Switch off lights before going to bed h. Take out the rubbish i. Take the dog out for a walk j. Water the plants
Your result: 0-5 Review the lesson 6-8 Quite good 9 - 10 Excellent
Write it DoWn
17 Write a list of things you have to do every day. Compare with another student.
CHeCk it oVer!
4
I did OK I did really well!
Tick one box in each row according to your performance in this lesson.
I need more work Reading Speaking Writing
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161
1 Tonga, the African country produces lots of fruits and vegetables. Look at the graph and say how many
tons of each product were produced in the month of June. Example: Twenty tons of mango were produced in Tonga in June.
Orange 15
2 Each fruit was sent to a different country. Look at the table below and write sentences to indicate the
destination of the fruit. Investigate the country the flag represents and how to say and write the plural of the fruit. Example: Cherries were sent to the United Kingdom
162
UNIT 5
3 Digby Jones was ill he had his appendix taken out. Read his doctors instructions and write sentences
in your notebook. Example: Digby must rest for three days. He should get up on the 4th day.
Must Rest for 3 days Avoid too much effort Eat 3 small meals a day Avoid carbohydrates Visit doctor in a week
Should get up on day 4 Do light exercise on day 4 drink lots of water eat fresh fruit and vegetables go back to work in 2 weeks
4 Look at the pictures and say / write what each person would like to do / be.
Camila
Dennis
Stella
Bruce
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163
5 pts.
164
UNIT 5
4 pts.
4 pts.
Listen again and complete the sentences. a. High clouds are called __________. b. Clouds that produce snow are called __________. c. Clouds named because of their appearance are __________ and __________. d. Middle clouds are called __________.
5 pts.
LANGUAGE 5 Re-write these sentences to form a paragraph about recycling paper using the Passive
Voice. Use sequence words such as first, second, next, etc. The school collects all unwanted paper in big cardboard boxes. A charity truck collects the boxes and takes the paper to a recycling plant. In the plant, a machine mixes the paper with water and chemicals and converts it into a pulp. A press removes the water from the pulp. Chemicals remove colouring and hard parts from the pulp. Another machine converts the pulp into sheets of recycled paper.
6 pts.
4 pts.
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165
7 Three friends are celebrating their birthday on the same day. Read each friends
description and choose the most appropriate presents. Complete the sentences using ought to and might. Gabriella is sporty; she plays tennis or goes swimming every day. Diana likes to read detective novels and she is a good painter. Becky is interested in classical music and loves to see modern plays.
3 pts.
a. We ______________ for Gabriella. She ______________. b. We ______________ for Diana. She ______________. c. We ______________ for Becky. She ______________.
8 Provide instructions for the situations in the pictures using must / have to.
3 pts.
a. _______________ (put)
b. _____________ (hurry)
c. _______________ (call)
SPEAKING 9 Look at the pictures and complete the conversations according to the situations. Role play
the conversations with a partner.
8 pts.
That's Ok.
166
UNIT 5
WRITING 10 Write a short paragraph about the things you want to do, must do, should do and need to
do during the next few months.
8 pts.
13 - 24 Acceptable
25 - 50 Great!
Total 50 pts.
44
Always Nearly Always Sometimes Never
Choose one alternative according to your performance. Speaking I use English structures correctly. I use varied and correct vocabulary. Others can understand me. Writing My writing is coherent and follows the central idea. I use the correct sentence formation and sentence structure I use the correct spelling, punctuation, capitalisation and format. Reading I am aware of the differences in tenses, gender and number. I can identify the main idea and understand the text as a whole. I can locate details and look for specific information. Listening I can get the general idea. I understand the details and identify speakers. I identify the source of the text and listening and recognise the format. Group work I share my ideas with the group. I listen to and respect my partners points of view. I help solve problems and contribute with relevant information.
Use this clue to work out your score Never = 0 Sometimes = 1 Nearly Always = 2 Always = 3 If you get:
0 - 10 = Watch out! You must look back
and review the whole unit. Ask your teacher and / or a classmate for additional help and remedial work. 11 - 22 = Not too bad, but there are areas you still have problems with. Identify those areas and ask your teacher and / or a classmate for additional help and remedial work. 23 - 34 = You are doing fine, but you can certainly do better. Get together with a classmate and review your weak points. 35 - 45 = Congratulations! Great progress - you may look ahead to the new unit and help your classmates who need to review.
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167
168
Set Up
2 Which activities in the pictures are traditional in Chile? Do you celebrate / practise them in your family /
region?
3 Why are traditions important? Exchange opinions about the following points in your group.
a. The value of traditions comes from what they can give each person. b. Traditions keep memories alive. c. Traditions preserve national and family values. d. Traditions give us an identity as a group: family, nation, race, etc. e. Traditions provide a rest period in a stressful life.
169
LET'S CELEBRATE
READING
Lesson 1
Mi d n
a t e se r
THINK AHEAD
1 Match the words (a. - c.) with their definition (i. - iii.).
I hatched from an Easter Egg.
a.
celebration
b.
festival
c.
party
i. an occasion for celebrating, especially a day or time of religious significance that happens at regular intervals ii. a social gathering of many people who meet for pleasure or amusement iii. the act of showing joy and happiness at a special event
2 Which of the words in the box look or sound similar in Spanish? Check
the meaning of the other words in a dictionary.
3 Match the questions in A with the answers in B to form three short dialogues.
A a. Have you been waiting long? b. How long have you known John? B i. We've been friends since primary school. ii. We stayed a week at the seaside and five days doing things at home. iii. For about twenty minutes.
4 You will read four texts about different festivals and celebrations. Look at
the cards and guess what the festivals are about.
170
UNIT 6
GO AHEAD
5 Read the texts on pages 172 and 173 quickly and check your predictions
in Exercise 4.
6 What type of texts are those? Choose one alternative for each text.
a. An advertisement. c. A carol / christmas song. b. An article. d. An e-mail.
8 Match the pictures (1 - 3) with the sentences taken from the texts (a. - c.).
a.
Join us this time and have some fun with the Marching Band.
b.
c.
Every household burns special Diwali clay lamps to light the way for the goddess Houses, shops, and public places are decorated with small oil lamps called diyas.
9 Read the texts again and tick the correct column or columns.
Which text mentions the participation of a family member? the name of a goddess? the name of a saint? the reason for the celebration? the exact date and time of the celebration? I II III IV
Danger
Costume versus custom Watch out for the use of these two words. Study these examples. a. Ayelen, our model, is wearing a typical Mapuche costume which includes a headband called trarilonko and silver earrings called chaway. b. One of the most important Chilean customs is the celebration of Independence Day on 18th September.
10 One of the texts uses very informal language. Which one? Can you give a
few examples from that text?
11 Fill in the gaps in these sentences with words from the texts.
favourite popular tradition costume
a. The festival has been a great ___________ with children. b. It has been one of the most __________ festivals in India. c. Each Halloween we make scary __________ to go trick and treating. d. They have celebrated this great Irish __________for many centuries.
TRADITIONS, TRADITIONS
171
LET'S CELEBRATE
I.
Diwali, the Hindu festival of lights, has been for centuries the most popular of all the festivals im South Asia. It is a five - day celebration which occurs on the fifteenth day of the Hindu month of Kartika (during October / November in our calendar). The fourth day of Diwali is the Hindu New Year. The word Diwali means rows of lighted lamps because people light hundreds of small oil lamps (called diyas) They place them around the home, in courtyards and in gardens, as well as on roof-tops and outer walls. The festival of lights is held in honour of Lakshmi, the Hindu goddess of wealth and prosperity. Hindus pray to Lakshmi to bring them good luck in the coming year. Homes are cleaned to welcome the New Year and windows are opened so that Lakshmi can enter them. It is believed that she cannot enter a house which is not lit up, so every household burns special Diwali clay lamps to light the way for the goddess. For many years this festival has been very popular with children because they have a holiday from school. Additionally, for many years now people have used colourful fireworks so children are really delighted with the noise and colours. And apart from that, kids get presents and adults cook delicious holiday food. New clothes and jewellery are worn, many parties are organised and games are played. The last day of the holiday is a special day for brothers and sisters. Brothers give special presents to their sisters, who cook for them and look after them. But most importantly the festival celebrates the victory of good over evil, light over darkness, and knowledge over ignorance.
II.
Ive seen mummy kissing Santa Claus Underneath the mistletoe. She cant see me go down the stairs to peek, I should be up in my bedroom, In my bed fast asleep Then Ive seen my mummy tickle Santa Claus Underneath his beard so snowy white. What a laugh it would be If daddy could only see Mommy kissing Santa Claus tonight!
III.
Lisa Great time at Halloween!
Hi Lisa, today? Have you dressed up and gone How are you? Finally its Halloween! Have you done anything spooky I could burst like a bubble! To start with trick or treating? Because Ive had a blast! In fact, its been so great sister Jennas a fairy. And I have weve made some really awesome costumes! Im a scary witch and my and Ive got so many yummy things eaten so many sweets that I think I am going to get sick. Both Jenna that wed better leave some for next week. kids walking around with their We have not visited all the houses in our street yet and I can see other Love and XXXXX goodie bags so Id better run or all the sweeties will be gone.
172
UNIT 6
IV.
2009 New York City Saint Patrick's Day Parade Tuesday, March 17th, 2009 11:00 a.m. Starting @ 44th Street and Fifth Avenue So far, the Traditional New York Parade has marc hed 247 times - this year we are marching once again . How many times have you watched us on TV from the comfort of your sitting room? How many times have you wanted to be part of us? So come and join us this time and have some fun with the Marching Band . Year after year we have celebrated this great Irish tradition right in the heart of New York. This time , come and celebrate with us. Be proud of your Irish roots - be part of this great festival. For those of you who are not Irish, we should expla in why we celebrate. Saint Patrick's Day, colloquial ly St. Paddy's Day or Paddy's Day, is an annual festivity which has for centuries celebrated Saint Patrick, one of Ireland's patron saints. Get up! Get out! Put on your leprechaun suit! Fly your Irish flag! Come and join us in this wonderful festival of peac e and joy.
MAKE CONNECTIONS
take a CloSer look
the present perfect 1. Read these sentences from the texts. a. Diwali has been for centuries the most popular of all the festivals from South Asia. b. We have not visited all the houses in our street yet. c. How many times have you wanted to be part of us?
2. Which time do the sentences express? a. The past b. The present c. Neither
3. The sentences in Point 1 use the Present Perfect tense, which indicates that an action happened at an unspecified time before now; the exact time is not important. 4. We CANNOT use the Present Perfect with specific time expressions such as: yesterday, one year ago, last week, when I was a child, when I lived in Japan, at that moment, that day, one day, etc. We CAN use the Present Perfect with unspecific expressions such as: ever, never, once, many times, several times, before, so far, already, just, yet, etc. 5. Examine the structure and the examples. Subject + has / have (not) + past participle We haven't seen Tina has made
6. Go back to the text and find more examples of the Present Perfect tense. Identify the elements and copy them into your notebook. Use color pencils to identify the components.
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173
12 Tom Warwick has travelled to a lot of countries. Look at his passport and
answer the questions. a. Has Tom visited Poland? c. Has he visited the Czech Republic? e. Has he been to Switzerland? g. Has he been to Great Britain?
b. Has he been to Russia? d. Has he been to Latin America? f. Has he visited the USA? h. How many countries has Tom been to?
r epu bli
ka
Ces
2005 1-10-
25 Jugos - 0 lavij 8- a 20 07
31 - 01 -
Great B ritain
2008
U SA
Poc chr
9-9
- 20 04
9-9-2004
13 Complete this paragraph with the correct form of the Present Perfect
tense (affirmative, negative or interrogative). The Christmas tree today is a common custom to most of us, but a. __________ (you ever wonder) about its origin? When did the tradition start? How long b. __________ (it last)? We now know that c. __________ (it be) around as a tradition for many centuries. One of the most important aspects of the Christmas tree is its colour. For years, having a green tree full of lights inside your home d. __________ (symbolise) life in the middle of a cold winter. Probably there is no one on the planet who e. __________ (not hear) about the Christmas tree tradition.
14 Work with a partner. Read the results table and ask each other questions.
Examples: How many games has Man United played in total? They have played 6 games in total. How many games have they won and lost? They have won 4 games and lost 2.
Team Manchester United West Ham Chelsea Liverpool Sheffield United Total games played 6 5 6 7 5 Games won 4 3 5 4 2 Games lost 2 2 1 3 3
174
UNIT 6
have a Chat
15
Listen to the recording and practise saying these questions. Then ask and answer them with a partner. a. How long is the Chilean National Day celebration? b. How long have you known your best friend? c. How many days a week do you go to school? d. How long does it take to go from your house to your school? e. How long have you studied English? f. How long have your parents lived in the same house? g. How many hours have you spent at school today? h. How long has it taken you to answer all the questions?
FaSt CheCk
16 Today is Monday, December 8 and Mrs Carlow has planned many things to
do. Look at a page from her diary and write sentences about the things she has already done (4) and the things she has not done yet (8). (10 points)
Monday, 8 December 2008 4 Take children to school 4 Buy Christmas decorations 4 Visit James in hospital 8 Go jogging in park 4 Call Susan about party
Your result: 0-5 Review the lesson
4 Write e-mail to Lucy's teacher 8 Send Christmas cards 8 Make chocolate cake for tea 4 Read the papers 8 Collect children from school
6-8 Quite good 9 - 10 Excellent
Write it DoWn
17 Does your family celebrate some kind of tradition or festival? What is it?
How long does it last? Since when have you celebrated it? Write a short paragraph about why you celebrate it and how. CheCk it over!
4
I did OK I did really well!
Tick one box in each row according to your performance in this lesson.
I need more work Reading Speaking Writing
TRADITIONS, TRADITIONS
175
PROUD TO BE
LISTENING
Lesson 2
THINK AHEAD
1 Who are these native inhabitants of Chile? What are the names of their
ethnic groups?
3 The following words are taken from the text you are going to listen to. All
the vowels (a, e, i ,o ,u) have been removed. Can you guess the words and put the vowels back? Write the correct words in your notebook and check their meaning in a dictionary. a. r __ __ t s d. __ m __ g __ s b. __ r __ g __ n e. c __ l t __ r __ c. t __ t t __ __ e. s p __ r __ t __ __ l
176
UNIT 6
GO AHEAD
5 6
Listen to the conversation and check your predictions in Exercise 4. Each speaker mentions three traditions. Listen again and identify the tradition from the pictures (i. or ii.) a. Ariki i. ii.
b. Millaray
i.
ii.
c. Urichi
i.
ii.
TRADITIONS, TRADITIONS
177
Listen again and write the name of the speaker, Ariki, Millaray, Urushi, or Jane. a. _______: b. _______: c. _______: d. _______: e. _______: f. _______: g. _______: I think it's important to know where you come from. We ought to know our roots. I've heard of the ancient cult to the Pachamama. This month we are celebrating an important holiday I've never been to the north but I know it's very dry. It also brings our people together. It's always been important to look after both the body and the soul
Listen again and complete these sentences. a. How do you feel about your __________________________________? b. Millaray means ____________, Ariki means ____________ and Uruchi means ____________. c. ____________ make our skin sacred and help us __________________. d. This cult has helped my people to ______________________________. e. We are certain that the most common __________________________.
Listen once more and find the answer to these questions. a. What kind of pictures do Rapa Nui tattoo artists use? b. What is the name of the Aymara holiday mentioned? c. According to Millaray, what happens when your mind is not well?
MAKE CONNECTIONS
take a CloSer look
the present perfect - continued 1. Read these sentences from the text. a. I've been a tattoo artist since I was sixteen. b. For centuries we have believed that tattoos make our skin sacred.
2. What do you notice about the use of for and since? We use for with a period of time, for example: a few days, half an hour, two years. We use since with the time when the action started, for example: last year, June 8, when I met you. 3. Pay attention to the structure and examples. Subject + has/ have + (not) + past participle Our people have lived They have lived
178
UNIT 6
10 Complete sentences a.- d. with for or since according to the clues (i. - ii.).
a. I haven't phoned home (i.) __________ Christmas, (ii.) __________ three weeks now. b. She has been here (i.) __________ half and hour now, (ii.) __________ 9.15 a.m. c. George has lived in Madrid (i.) __________ a very long time, (ii.) __________ 1982. d. Amelia has been my best friend (i.) __________ kindergarten, (ii.) __________ almost twenty years.
b. A: What have you made for dinner? B: i. I ate some spaghetti. ii. Meat? I don't like meat. iii. Glenn and I have prepared some pasta.
c. A: He's been a tattoo artist for five years, hasn't he? B: i. No, he's been in this business for much longer. ii. Yes, he is an artist. iii. No, he doesn't do this.
d. A: You've bought a computer! How great! B. i. Our old one is good. ii. And I've learned how to use it, too. iii. No, it's very small.
e. A: How long have you been here? B: i. I came last month. ii. No, I've come just now. iii. Yes, five hours ago.
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179
Have a CHat
12
Jane and Millaray are talking during the morning break. Use the information you collected in the listening exercises and your imagination to complete it. Jane: Millaray: Jane: Millaray: Jane: Millaray: Jane: Millaray: Jane: Millaray: Jane: Millaray: Jane: Millaray: Have you ever been to see a Machi? _____________________________________________________ How long have you lived in Santiago? _____________________________________________________ Have you already seen most of Santiago? _____________________________________________________ Have you been back to see you relatives in the south? _____________________________________________________ How many hours does it take to get there? _____________________________________________________ Have you done anything interesting recently? _____________________________________________________ And what have you done just now? _____________________________________________________
13
Listen to the recording and check your answers. Practise the conversation with a partner and then role play it in front of your classmates.
Fast CHeCk
14 Use the clues provided to write sentences using the Present Perfect
tense and for or since. (10 points) a. I - know Sebastian - we were in primary school. b. We - discuss the plans for the party - five weeks. c. This festival - be popular with school children - a long time. d. We - look for the information - the teacher gave us the questions. e. Frances - study Spanish - two years. f. Peter - do karate - he was a little boy. g. Harry and Kim - be on the island - three weeks. h. Tammy - play chess - she was 12. i. Rick - live in Japan - two months. j. My parents - work in the same school - they finished university.
Your result: 0-5 Review the lesson 6-8 Quite good 9 - 10 Excellent
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UNIT 6
WrIte It DoWn
Play It Play the BLIP game (sometimes known as COFFEE POT). 1. Play in groups of six students. 2. Choose a verb from the box below that indicates something that you have done recently. 3. The group must discover the verb through YES / NO questions using mainly the Present Perfect tense, but other tenses can be accepted. 4. The nonsense word "BLIP" should replace your chosen verb until a player asks a question using the real verb. If this is correct, it is that player's turn to choose a verb. 5. The aim of the game is not to guess the meaning of the word "Blip" straight away. When you think you know the meaning of the word "Blip", you could ask further questions which make the meaning of the word "Blip" clear to the rest of the group or which amuse the student who is answering the questions. Here are some sample questions. Have you blipped in the living-room / dining room / garden / street / kitchen / in a restaurant? Have you blipped with a friend / your teacher / your family / alone ? Have you blipped since you arrived at school / in the last twenty-four hours / this month / this year? Do you feel tired / happy / sad / angry / hungry / thirsty after you have blipped? Do you like blipping? Do you often blip? Did you blip yesterday? Are you blipping now?
cook cry dance draw dream drink drive eat fight fly iron joke jump kiss knit move paint read rest run scream sew shout sing sleep smile swim talk think win
CHeCk It over!
4
I did OK I did really well!
Tick one box in each row according to your performance in this lesson.
I need more work Listening Speaking Writing
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THINK AHEAD
10
182
UNIT 6
3 Match the expressions in the bubbles (a. - c.) with the pictures (1 - 3).
a.
b.
That's really awful! Some people have no respect for their environment.
c.
4 Which objects from the picture would you choose to decorate your room?
5 Match the professionals in the box with the descriptions (a. - e.).
architect carpenter house painter interior decorator landscape artist
a. person who specialises in designing interiors and furnishings b. someone who creates plans to be used in making something (such as buildings, houses, etc.) c. person who paints walls and ceilings d. skilled worker who makes, finishes, and repairs wooden objects e. person who specialises in designing gardens and outdoor spaces
TRADITIONS, TRADITIONS
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GO AHEAD
Sunday, 29 September 2008
Decorators Weekly
By Glenda Spurns
22
184
room? Glenda: So, what can we see in this family room. Its a typical 5 Lawrence: Well, this is our beige and white x 4 metre rectangular room with basic ed window that colours where there is one good-siz overlooks the garden. see today? Glenda: And what are we going to l have a charming rience. The room Lawrence: When weve finished wel Altogether it was a very interesting expe le family can relax and feel they what it was place where the who definitely looks completely different from Later we asked want to spend quality time together. when we arrived. we first saw it. ? Glenda: How nice! Do you have a plan py with the change Lawrence if his teenage sons were hap of all, Im going to ask Andy, the painter Lawrence: First and he said that they both loved it. on these walls to remove all the old wallpaper that has been ellyn-Bowen. Changing Rooms, with Lawrence Llew Fuente: Based on the BBC programme:
UNIT 6
7 Read the text and check your predictions in Exercise 6. 8 As you can see the text is written in two different colours. How are the
two parts different? Why?
10 Copy this rectangle into your notebook but make it bigger. Read the text
again to complete it. a. Colour the walls the correct colour. b. Place the furniture and objects in the places where Lawrence will put them. c. Compare your picture with the plan on page 187.
door window
MAKE CONNECTIONS
Have a CHat
11 Complete the conversation using the expressions in the bubbles (a. - e.).
a. b. You should
How interesting!
c. Im so glad.
d. How awful!
e. What a pity!
Donna: Last week I had nothing to do so I decided to visit the Design Museum to see the new interior decoration exhibition. Rose: _____________________________________________________ Donna: And I booked and paid for my tickets on-line. But when I got to the museum the tickets were not there! Rose _____________________________________________________ Donna: I spoke to the man in the ticket office and he told me to ask the manager. And fortunately the tickets were in his office. Rose _____________________________________________________ Donna: Yes, so I finally got to see the Victorian collection and it was great. Rose: _____________ tell Emma about the museum. She is really into design. Donna: Emma is away on holiday now and the exhibition ends this week. Rose: _____________________________________________________
12
Listen to the recording and check your answers. Practise the complete conversation with a partner and then role play it in front of your classmates.
TRADITIONS, TRADITIONS
185
reported speech 1. Read these sentences from the text. a. Lawrence told us he was the personal decorator for the British Prime Ministers. b. He told us he would not put any curtains in the window. c. We asked Lawrence if his teenage sons were happy with the change.
2. The sentences above are written in Reported Speech, which is used to express what others have said. a. Lawrence: I am the personal decorator for the British Prime Ministers. b. Lawrence: I will not put any curtains in the window. c. Glenda: Are your teenage sons happy with the change? 3. To introduce Reported Speech we use words such as asked, said, told, answered, etc. 4. When changing sentences from Direct to Reported Speech tense changes take place. Some of these changes are: Present Past Present / Perfect / Past Past Perfect will would can could may might 5. Analyse what happens when we are reporting questions.
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UNIT 6
Fast CHeCk
15 Rewrite this part of the interview on page 184 using Reported Speech.
Use different reporting verbs and pay attention to the changes you will need to make. (10 points) Glenda: So, what can we see in this room? Lawrence: Well, this is our family room. It's a typical 5 x 4 metre rectangular room with basic beige and white colours where there is one good-sized window that overlooks the garden. Glenda: And what are we going to see today? Lawrence: When we've finished we'll have a charming place where my whole family can feel relaxed and wanting to spend quality time together.
Your result: 0-5 Review the lesson 6-8 Quite good 9 - 10 Excellent
Play It Play Describe and Draw with your partner. a. Make a simple drawing of a room (it can be your bedroom). b. Ask your partner to take a piece of paper and turn around. c. Describe the positions of the furniture in the room for your partner to draw. d. After he or she finishes compare your picture with his or hers. e. Change roles.
WrIte It DoWn
4
I did OK I did really well!
Tick one box in each row according to your performance in this lesson.
I need more work Reading Speaking Writing
TRADITIONS, TRADITIONS
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CHANGING LANGUAGE
LISTENING
Lesson 4
Mi d n
a t e se r
THINK AHEAD
Do animals and humans communicate? Yes, they do and we can see it every day in our interactions with our pets. When an owner gets angry with her / his dog the pet does not necessarily understand every word but is able to understand the message by interpreting cues such as the owner's position, her / his tone of voice, and body language. In exchange, the owner knows that her / his dog is happy when it wags its tails or that it is hungry when it tries to open the bag where its food is kept.
1 Match the words in the box with the definitions below (a. - c.).
linguist native speaker polyglot
a. a person who speaks many languages. b. a person who studies a language or languages, mainly their form and behaviour. c. a speaker of a particular language who has spoken that language since he or she was a child.
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UNIT 6
Danger
False cognates are pairs of words in different languages that are similar in form but have a different meaning, that is to say they appear to be or are sometimes considered cognates when in fact they are not. One example is the word lecture which looks similar to the word lectura in Spanish; however, a lecture is a presentation on a given subject delivered before an audience or a class, as for the purpose of instruction.
acceptable American Australian billion Briton communicating completely consonant different difficult expect express human information language lecture linguist million minority native personal plural present pronounce question respectively sign similar singular symbol system traditional verb version
4 Considering the title of the lesson and the exercises you have done, what
do you think the listening text will be about? a. How all languages change with time. b. What the changes in English will be like. c. Why languages change with time.
GO AHEAD
5 6
Listen to the recording and check your predictions in Exercises 3 and 4. Copy this chart into your notebook. Listen again and complete it with the changes linguists think will take place in English.
Now th in this th in think Information Furniture He runs She walks Friend Send In the future
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189
Listen to the lecture again and answer these questions. a. What are the two answers the audience give when the lecturer asks What is language? b. What will the name of the new language be? c. What does the word pan mean in Greek? d. Why will the changes in English take place? e. Can the lecturer say when the changes will take place? f. Can native speakers of English prevent the changes?
Listen once more and fill in each blank in these sentences with one word only. a. Is language _________ or not? b. We think that the language once used by great _________ such as Shakespeare, Dickens and, more recently, J.K. Rowling will look completely different. c. By 2012 around two billion people will speak English as a _________ language. d. Linguists say the new language will lose some of the English sounds which non-native speakers find difficult to _________.
MAKE CONNECTIONS
take a Closer look
the simple Future 1. Read these sentences from the listening text. a. The language will look completely different in a very short time. b. Will it happen fast? c. The change will not happen because of Britons.
2. In the sentences above the Simple Future is expressing predictions. 3. The Simple Future can also express that a speaker will do something voluntarily. I will bring some strawberry ice-cream. 4. The Simple Future can also express a promise. I will help you when I finish my work. 5. Notice the structure of the Simple Future and the examples. Affirmative/ Subject + will (not) + infinitive Negative: I + will (not) + speak. Interrogative: Will + subject + infinitive? Will + the change + happen soon? 6. Very often in spoken English the subject and the word will are contracted. I'll talk to her tomorrow. We'll send them some flowers. That'll be all for now. Henry'll be here soon.
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UNIT 6
9 You are asked to make predictions for the changes in Spanish in the future.
Develop them using the Simple Future tense. Use these and your own ideas. a. favour short forms like in text messages b. incorporate more jargon c. incorporate words from English d. invent new words related to science and technology e. simplify orthography f. simplify verb tenses
10 Write five sentences about what you think will be true about yourself in
10 years' time. The photos can give you some ideas. Example: In 10 years' time I will be married.
11 Can you decipher this electronic message? Write it in your notebook and
check in your group.
Sorry 4 not answering b4. Yes, Id love to CU face2face. IC that U like chatting, too. B back tonite. CU soon
TRADITIONS, TRADITIONS
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12 Read the statements (a. - d.) and match them with the pictures (1 - 4).
a.
c.
d.
Have a CHat
13
You are a fortune teller and a new client is asking you to make predictions about her / his future. Answer the questions using your imagination. Client: You: Client: You: Client: You: Client: You: Client: You: Client: You: Client: You: What will I study after I finish school? _____________________________________________________ Will I travel a lot in the future? _____________________________________________________ Will I meet some important people there? _____________________________________________________ Will I meet someone who will love me very much? _____________________________________________________ And how about my future job? _____________________________________________________ Do you think I will be rich? _____________________________________________________ Just one more question, will people in the future be immortal? _____________________________________________________
14
Listen to the recording and check your answers. Then listen and practice the conversation with a partner. Role play it in front of your classmates.
192
UNIT 6
Fast CHeCk
15 Look at the pictures and make five predictions for the future.(10 points)
Your result:
9 - 10 Excellent
WrIte It DoWn
4
I did OK I did really well!
Tick one box in each row according to your performance in this lesson.
I need more work Listening Speaking Writing
TRADITIONS, TRADITIONS
193
1 Look at the official results of an international sports competition that is taking place this week. Ask and
answer the questions in your notebook.
GOLD COUNTRy SILvER BRONZE TOTAL
36 51 23
38 21 21
36 28 28
110 100 72
18 15
13 10
15 20
47 45
a. Which country has won the most gold medals? b. How many medals has Great Britain won in total? c. Which country has won more silver medals, than China? d. How many gold medals has Russia won? e. Has Chile won more or fewer bronze medals than Great Britain? f. Which country / countries have / has won 21 silver medals?
2 Gregory and Peter, two office workers, have been stuck in a lift for the
last 3 hours. Complete the conversation using the Simple Future tense. Gregory: Peter: Gregory: Peter: Gregory: Peter: Gregory: Peter: Gregory: Peter: _____________________________________? No, I don't think we will stay here the whole day. _____________________________________? Yes, I think they will rescue us soon. _____________________________________? I'm not sure they will call the fire brigade. _____________________________________? No, I don't think our families will be waiting for us outside. _____________________________________? Of course we will not be in the 9 o'clock news!
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UNIT 6
3 Look at The New Fashion Museum programme for the year 2011. What events will take place and when?
4 Read the quotations below and report what some famous people said.
Example: I often think that the night is more alive and more richly coloured than the day. Vincent van Gogh Vincent van Gogh said that he often thought that the night was more richly coloured than the day.
The real question is not whether machines think but whether men do. B. F. Skinner
If help and salvation are to A man who is not afraid of come, they can only come the sea will soon be drowned. from the children, for the J. M. Synge children are the makers of men. Maria Montessori
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1 Find the items in the pictures in the poem and write the correct number.
4 pt.
196
UNIT 6
6 pts.
LISTENING - THE RIGHT CLOTHES 3 Listen to the conversation and identify which clothes you would take to the south of
Chile and which clothes you ought to take if you go to Easter Island.
8 pts.
5 pts.
LANGUAGE
5 Write questions and answers in the Present Perfect tense using the clues provided and the
words in the box.
8 pts.
ever
for
just
never
recently
since
a. know Greta? Seven years. b. have this car? Brand new! c. see such a beautiful thing in your life? First time d. Work with Peter?2008
TRADITIONS, TRADITIONS
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4 pts.
b. Where will you go on holiday? i. I will not have any days off. ii. I have been to Berlin.
c. Will you call the police or shall I? i. I have already called them. ii. I am speaking to him.
d. Will you go to the party tomorrow? i. No, I wont. ii. Yes, she will.
4 pts.
SPEAKING 10 Express surprise, interest, sympathy or joy. Use one of the expressions in the bubbles.
a. b. c. d.
8 pts.
How wonderful!
How interesting!
What a pity!
i. I am feeling really bad. I think Im getting a bad cold. ii. Mum, I have passed my final exam! iii. Did you know that the Pacific is the biggest ocean in the world? iv. It says here that there are two million words in the English language.
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UNIT 6
WRITING 11 Look at the pictures and describe the clothes the people are wearing.
8 pts.
23 - 44 Acceptable
45 - 59 Great!
Total 59 pts.
44
Always Most of the time Sometimes Never
Choose one alternative according to your performance. Speaking I use English structures correctly. I use varied and correct vocabulary. Others can understand me. Writing My writing is coherent and follows the central idea. I use the correct sentence formation and sentence structure I use the correct spelling, punctuation, capitalisation and format. Reading I am aware of the differences in tenses, gender and number. I identify the main idea and understand the text as a whole. I can locate details and look for specific information. Listening I can get the general idea. I can understand the details and identify speakers. I can identify the source of a listening text and recognise the format Group work I share my ideas with the group I listen to and respect my partners points of view I help solve problems and contribute with relevant information
Use this clue to work out your score Never = 0 Sometimes = 1 Most of the time = 2 Always = 3 If you get:
0 - 10 = Watch out! You must look
back and review the whole unit. Ask your teacher and / or a classmate for additional help and remedial work. 11 - 22 = Not too bad, but there are areas you still have problems with. Identify those areas and ask your teacher and / or a classmate for additional help and remedial work. 23 - 34 = You are doing fine, but you can certainly do better. Get together with a classmate and review your weak points. 35 - 45 = Congratulations! Great progress - you may look ahead to the new unit and help your classmates who need to review.
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bIbLIOGRApHy
BOOKS ESCOTT. J.H.; 2008. HANNAH AND THE HURRICANE. Penguin Readers, BK/CD. England, Pearson Education Limited. RABLEY, S.T.; 2008. BETWEEN TWO WORLDS. Penguin Readers, BK/CD. England, Pearson Education Limited. RABLEY, S.T.; 2008. BILLY AND THE QUEEN. Penguin Readers, BK/CD. England, Pearson Education Limited. RABLEY, S.T.; 2008. DINOS DAY IN LONDON. Penguin Readers, BK/CD. England, Pearson Education Limited. RABLEY, S.T.; 2008. THE FIRE BOY. Penguin Readers, BK/CD. England, Pearson Education Limited. RABLEY, S.T.; 2008. FLYING HOME. Penguin Readers, BK/CD. England, Pearson Education Limited. RABLEY. S.T.; 2008. THE PEARL GIRL. Penguin Readers, Bk/CD. England, Pearson Education Limited. SMITH, R.D.; 2008. TOM CRUISE. Penguin Readers, Bk/CD. England, Pearson Education Limited. SMITH. B.D.; 2008. THE LAST PHOTO. Penguin Readers, BK/CD. England, Pearson Education Limited. SMITH. B.D.; 2003. DAVID BECKHAM. Penguin Readers, BK/CD. England, Pearson Education Limited. SMITH, R.D.; 2008. TOM CRUISE. Penguin Readers, Bk/CD. England, Pearson Education Limited. DICTIONARIES HAMEL, B.D.; 1998. DICTIONARY OF ENGLISH SPANISH COGNATE WORDS; 1st Edition. USA, Bilingual Book Press. MASCULL, B.L.; 1997. COLLINS COBUILD KEY WORDS IN SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY; 1st Edition. England, Heinemann Publishers. MURPHY, R.M.; 1997. ESSENTIAL GRAMMAR IN USE; 2nd Ed. Great Britain, Cambridge University Press. READING ATWELL. N.C;. et al.; 1998. IN THE MIDDLE: NEW UNDERSTANDING ABOUT WRITING, READING, AND LEARNING (WORKSHOP SERIES) s.e. s.l., Heinemann. BURKE. J.M;. et al.; 2003. READING REMINDERS: TOOLS, TIPS, AND TECHNIQUES, s.e.s.l. PEREGOY. S.F;. et al.; 2005. READING, WRITING AND LEARNING IN ESL 3rd Ed. England, Allyn & Bacon, Pearson. LISTENING PENNY, U.R. et al; 1991. TEACHING LISTENING COMPREHENSION, Cambridge Handbooks for Language Teachers; s.e. s.l, PORTER, G.L. et al; 1991. ROLE PLAY- Resource Books for Teachers; s.e ,s.l. RICHARDS, J.K. et al; 1997. DEVELOPING TACTICS FOR LISTENING; 1st Edition. England, Oxford University Press. SPEAKING HADFIELD, J.L.; 1992. CLASSROOM DYNAMICS; 4th Ed. England, Oxford University Press. PALIM, J.V. et al; 1992 TOMBOLA, Communication Activities for Teenagers; 3rd Ed. England, Addison Wesley Longman. GRAMMAR AND VOCABULARY REDMAN, S. et al; 1996 A WAY WITH WORDS; 1st Edition. Great Britain, Cambridge University Press. RINVOLUCRI, M. et al; 1995 MORE GRAMMAR GAMES; 1st Edition. Great Britain, Cambridge University Press. WRITING MILLN, N. et al; 1996 ON THE JOB; 1st Edition. Espaa, Mcgraw-Hill Interamericana. PENNY, U.R; 1996. A COURSE IN LANGUAGE TEACHING; 1st Edition. Great Britain, Cambridge University Press. RICHARDS, J.K et al; 1998. ESTRATEGIAS DE REFLEXION SOBRE LA ENSEANZA DE IDIOMAS; 1st Edition. Espaa, Cambridge University Press.
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