Drug Study

DRUG CLASSIFICATI ON Oral antiseptic

Belongs to the class of local anti-infective and antiseptic preparations. Used in the treatment of diseases of the mouth. Synthetic oral antiseptic with broad-spectrum bactericidal and fungicidal activity upon topical application.

ACTION

DOSAGE

INDICATION

CONTRAINDICATI ON Lesions and ulcerations of oral/buccal mucosa.

NURSING RESPONSIBILIT Y
If prompt relief is not obtained, or if soreness persists, worsens or spreads, discontinue use and consult a doctor. Fever, headache, nausea, and/or vomiting usually indicate sever infection requiring advice from a doctor. Supervise children ages 6 to 12 years when using Bactidol. Do not administer to children under six years of age unless directed by a doctor.

Generic Name: Hexetidine Brand Name: Bactidol

Due to a particular tropism for the proteins of the mucous membrane, hexetidine activity lasts for 12 hrs. Pharmacology: Hexeti dine, a hexahydropyrimidine, arrests the thiamine metabolism of microorganisms, thereby inhibiting their growth. Hexetidine has both antibacterial and antifungal properties in vivo and possesses a broad spectrum of activity against both gram-positive and gramnegative organisms that cause mouth and throat infections. Hexetidine has been proven to exhibit an analgesic property. It possesses an antiinfective (preventive and curative) property. It has been shown to have a cicatrizing action. It also exhibits a mild hemostatic action.

Gargle with half a mouthful of Bactidol for 30 sec, 2-3 times a day for a week, until symptoms disappear. No need to dilute. General Oral Hygiene: Gargle once in the morning and before retiring at night.

For topical use in dentistry and in the treatment of sore and infected throat. General Oral Hygiene: Bactidol controls bad breath, tooth decay and promotes healthy gums. Daily use does not lead to overgrowth of bacteria and fungi. Oral Infections: Bactidol significantly reduces the degree of infection in gingivitis, stomatitis, periodontitis, aphthae and pericoronitis. Throat Infections: Bactidol will safely soothe and give temporary relief of minor sore throat. It is also indicated for the treatment of tonsillitis and pharyngitis wh ere it is known to result in marked beneficial effects among patients. Prophylactic Purposes: Bactidol accelerates healing and effectively controls unpleasant mouth odors if used after dental extraction and surgical procedures. It reduces inflammatory symptoms of bleeding, redness, pain and foul taste. Bactidol is a useful adjunct in minor oral surgery.

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DRUG
Generic Name: Hydroxyzine Brand names: Atarax

CLASSIFICAT ION
First Generation Anti-Histamine

ACTION
Hydroxyzine reduces activity in the central nervous system. It also acts as an antihistamine that reduces the natural chemical histamine in the body. Histamine can produce symptoms of sneezing and runny nose, or hives on the skin.

DOSAGE
10mg/tab

INDICATION
Hydroxyzine is used as a sedative to treat anxiety and tension. It is also used together with other medications given for anesthesia. Hydroxyzine may also be used to control nausea and vomiting. Hydroxyzine is also used to treat allergic skin reactions such as hives or contact dermatitis.

CONTRAINDICA TION
You should not use this medication if you are allergic to hydroxyzine, or if you are pregnant. If you have certain conditions, you may need a dose adjustment or special tests to safely use this medication. Before you take hydroxyzine, tell your doctor if you have: epilepsy or other seizure disorder; asthma, emphysema, or other breathing problem; glaucoma; heart disease or high blood pressure; stomach ulcer, blockage in your stomach or intestines; thyroid disorder; enlarged prostate or problems with urination; liver disease; or kidney disease.

ADVERSE REACTION
Hydroxyzine can cause side effects that may impair your thinking or reactions. Be careful if you drive or do anything that requires you to be awake and alert. Stop using hydroxyzine and call your doctor at once if you have a serious side effect such as tremors, confusion, seizures, or restless muscle movements in your eyes, tongue, jaw, or neck. Avoid drinking alcohol. It can increase some of the side effects of hydroxyzine.

NURSING RESPONSIBILITY
Take this medicine with a full glass of water. Measure liquid medicine with a special dosemeasuring spoon or cup, not a regular table spoon. If you do not have a dosemeasuring device, ask your pharmacist for one. Seek emergency medical attention if you think you have used too much of this medicine. Overdose symptoms may include extreme drowsiness, nausea, vomiting, feeling like you might pass out.

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DRUG
Generic Name: Sodium chloride Brand Name: Muconase

CLASSIFICATI ON
Respiratory/Coug h & Cold Preparations/Nasa l Decongestants,

DOSAGE
Apply 2-4 sprays in each nostril three times a day

INDICATION
Relief of nasal congestion due to dry, irritated, crusty or inflamed nasal passages, low humidity, heat, environmental factors & air travel.

CONTRAINDICATI ON
allergic to this drug.

ADVERSE REACTION
Side effects usually do not occur with use of this product. However, if the inside of your nose is very dry and irritated, stinging may occur. If this effect persists or worsens, tell your doctor or pharmacist promptly. If your doctor has directed you to use this medication, remember that he or she has judged that the benefit to you is greater than the risk of side effects. Many people using this medication do not have serious side effects. A very serious allergic reaction to this drug is rare. However, seek immediate medical attention if you notice any symptoms of a serious allergic reaction, including: rash, itching/swelling (especially of the face/tongue/throat ), severe dizziness, trouble breathing.This is not a complete list of possible side effects. If you notice other

NURSING RESPONSIBILITY
Spray this product into each nostril as needed or as directed by your doctor. This product may also be given into the nose as drops or a stream. Follow all directions on the product package. If you are uncertain about any of the information, consult your doctor or pharmacist. Try not to touch the container tip to the inside of your nose. If this happens, rinse the tip with hot water and dry with a clean tissue before recapping the container. If your condition persists or worsens, or if you think you may have a serious medical problem, seek immediate medical attention.

Do Drug Study not use if you are

This product is used to treat dryness inside the nose (nasal passages). It helps add moisture inside the nose to dissolve and soften thick or crusty mucus. In babies and young children with stuffy noses who cannot blow their noses, using this product helps to make the mucus easier to remove with a nasal bulb syringe. This helps relieve stuffiness and makes breathing easier. This product contains a purified gentle salt solution (also called saline or sodium chloride solution). It does not contain any medication.

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DRUG
Generic Name: Paracetamol Brand Name: Biogesic

CLASSIFICAT ION
It belongs to a class of drugs called analgesics (pain relievers) and antipyretics (fever reducers).

ACTION
It relieves pain by elevating the pain threshold, that is, by requiring a greater amount of pain to develop before a person feels it. It reduces fever through its action on the heat-regulating center of the brain. Specifically, it tells the center to lower the body's temperature when the temperature is elevated. The FDA approved acetaminophen in 1951.

DOSAGE
The oral dose for adults is 325 to 650 mg every 4 to 6 hours. The maximum daily dose is 4 grams. The oral dose for a child is based on the child's age, and the range is 40-650 mg every 4 hours. Client: 500mg/tab PRN

INDICATION
To relieve mild to moderate pain due to things such as headache, muscle and joint pain, backache and period pains. It is also used to bring down a high temperature. For this reason, paracetamol can be given to children after vaccinations to prevent postimmunisation pyrexia (high temperature). Paracetamol is often included in cough, cold and flu remedies.

CONTRAINDICA TION
Hypersensitivity to acetaminophen or phenacetin; use of alcohol.

ADVERSE REACTION
Side effects are rare with paracetamol when it is taken at the recommended doses. Skin rashes, blood disorders and acute inflammation of the pancreas have occasionally occurred in people taking the drug on a regular basis for a long time. One advantage of paracetamol over aspirin and NSAIDs is that it doesn't irritate the stomach or causing it to bleed, potential Side effects of aspirin and NSAIDs.

NURSING RESPONSIBILITY
Assessment & Drug Effect: Monitor for S&S of: hepatotoxicity, even with moderate acetaminophen doses, especially in individuals with poor nutrition. Patient & Family Education Do not take other medications (e.g., cold preparations) containing acetaminophen without medical advice; overdosing and chronic use can cause liver damage and other toxic effects. Do not self-medicate children for pain more than 5 d without consulting a physician. Do not use for fever persisting longer than 3 d, fever over 39.5 C (103 F), or recurrent fever. Do not give children more than 5 doses in 24 h unless prescribed by physician.