I.

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II. PREFACE:
Architecture is an expression of human experience in
the creation of usable space. It cannot fail to express the
experience and aspirations of the people. It arises not
only for the idea and wishes and visions of its designer,
but from the wishes and needs of the people who are going
to use it.
In every case the story of monumental architecture is
expresses the impulse of the people with power to
perpetuate or to glorify. Next to this is the architecture
of power which represents the huge complexes enshrining
government and administration, and most extraordinarily of
all in our time, is housing.
The characters of architecture in the different parts
of the world are influenced by its geography or location.
Next is the climate where the style of architecture in the
cold areas are different from those with warm or arid
climates, but the one that influences the most in
architecture is the availability of the materials or in
this case the geological condition of the country. The
basic materials are relatively simple the stone, clay,
wood, skins, grass, leave and other indigenous materials.
Until about two hundred years ago such materials and their
ready availability dictated to a large extent the local
vernacular architecture. However with the development of
communications and transportation, vernacular architecture
died a victim of industrial revolution as new materials
are now manufactured then shipped and brought to the new
building site.


III. ABSTRACT:
Preserving an old structure or houses is a way to
practice the people to protect and preserve sites,
structures or districts which reflect elements of local or
national cultural, social, economic, political,
archaeological or architectural history. Preservation has
many diverse purposes and rewards, including the
strengthening of local economies, stabilization of property
values, the fostering of civic beauty and community pride,
and the appreciation of local and national history.
Preservation is a public purpose that advances the
education and welfare of citizens, while providing economic
and aesthetic benefits as well.
The research is about the ancestral or old houses that
been part of our history that needed to be maintained
and/or restore. The researchers problem is how they can
help or suggest anything to preserve those said houses.














IV. INTRODUCTION:
Old structures and houses relate a story. Their
make and design could tell much about the way of life of
the people who lived in them and paint the Filipinos
cultural transformation. They could also show their
original owners social status their wealth, influence
and power.
In almost every town, there is an old house which was
once the towns center of social and political activity. In
those houses lived trendsetters, leaders and revolutionary
thinkers. In past struggles, they blazed the trail with
their heroic deeds.
Shortly thereafter, some of the houses were honored,
saluted and revered, for heroes were born and lived in
them. Through time however, the heirs and relatives of the
former owners abandon the houses. Town leaders and the
community ignore them. Private ownership and the menu for
caring heritage houses do not seem to fuse beautifully.
Although some of the old houses are well maintained
and has been restore - a process in which an object or
structure is restored with an eye to its historic
character, rather than just with the goal of restoring
functionality. But most of these houses had been in a state
of neglect and disrepair. Whether these houses are painted
inappropriately or neglected and left at the mercy of
termites and harmful elements, it shows that we do not
cherish the value and importance of these ancestral homes.


V. DISCUSSION:
V.1. ABOUT NUEVA ECIJA:
Nueva Ecija occupies an area of 550,218 hectares
populated by 1,659,883 people as of 2004. It has 27
municipalities: Aliaga, Bongabon, Cabiao, Carrangalan,
Cuyapo, Gabaldon, General Natividad, General Tinio, Guimba,
Jaen, Laur, Licab, Llanera, Lupao, Nampicuan, Pantabangan,
Pearanda, Quezon, Rizal, San Antonio, San Isidro, San
Leonardo, Sta. Rosa, Sto. Domingo, Talavera, Talugtog and
Zaragosa, and 5 cities: Cabanatuan, Gapan, the Science City
of Muoz, Palayan and San Jose.

As the cradle of heroes, Nueva Ecija is linked to the
historical events that led to the founding of the First
Republic of the Philippines. General Mariano Llanera of
Cabiao immediately responded to Andres Bonifacios call to
rise against the Spaniards by besieging Factoria, the more
popular name then of San Isidro, at that time the capital
of Nueva Ecija, on Sept. 2 to 3, 1896. This was the "First
Cry of Nueva Ecija." Other Novo Ecijanos joined the
revolutionary ranks such as Generals Mamerto Natividad, Jr.
of Cabiao, Manuel Tinio of Aliaga and Pablo Padilla of
Pearanda. General Emilio Aguinaldo subsequently honored
Nueva Ecija as one of the eight rays of the Philippine
Flag, symbolizing the first eight provinces that revolted
against Spanish rule.

In tourism, God has richly endowed Nueva Ecija with
magnificent and varied scenery that constitute its tourist
attractions. Sightseers do appreciate the natural scenic
spots such as the Minalungao National Park in Gapan and
General Tinio, which is a large forested area along the
Sierra Madre mountain range with its stiff ravine and rock
formations placing the park in the tourism map of the
country. There is also the cool climate in Barrio Puncan in
Carrangalan. For such, Puncan has earned the name of
"Little Baguio" of Nueva Ecija for its cool breeze, the
fresh atmosphere and the scent of pine trees in the air.

Other places to see or to enjoy that may compare with
the wonders of the country are: Fort Magsaysay, home of the
Philippine Army Training Command in Palayan City, which has
become a popular tourist destination area of World War II
veterans and their families; Camp Pangatian Shrine in
Cabanatuan City; the phenomenal Pantabangan Dam; the big
pasture lands of Laur and Rizal; and the Central Luzon
State University (CLSU), in the Science City of Muoz,
considered one of the best and most scenic agricultural
institutions in the country, definitely Nueva Ecijas
pride. The CLSU campus is a landscape of full-grown, shady
trees, a sight to behold indeed. It beckons all to come,
see and study at the CLSU.

Another memorable historical spot is the monument
dedicated to General Antonio Luna seen poised atop his
horse on the very place where he was assassinated in
Cabanatuan City. Though not a Novo Ecijano, Nueva Ecija has
formally adopted him as one of its illustrious sons.

Palayan City, the present capital of Nueva Ecija, with
its new, modern and beautiful capitol building plus the
exotic campsites of the Boy Scouts and Girl Scouts of the
Philippines are worthwhile visiting. Then there is the
beautiful and only rubber dam in Llanera, the first and
largest rubber dam in the Philippines.

Finally, one cannot avoid mentioning Nueva Ecija
without touching the Nueva Ecija High School (NEHS), which
began in San Isidro as the Wright Institute in 1904-1905.
It was later transferred to Cabanatuan City in June 1927
built in the style of Gabaldon- type high schools all over
the country. From it have graduated the provinces "Hall of
Fame" (Bulwagan ng Dangal) and "Most Distinguished Alumni"
honorees, conferred by the Nueva Ecija High School Alumni
Association, Inc. (NEHSAA) the association of Sedfrey A.
Ordonez, Consuelo Villamor-Asis, Guillermo A. Pecache,
Pedro O. Sanvicente, Paterno V. Viloria, Damiana L.
Eugenio, Saturnino A. Abesamis, Rafael M. Ileto, Luis T.
Santos, Melencio S. Magno, Felipe A. Estrella, Julieta R.
Jalbuena, Florino A. Francisco, and Pacifico M. Fajardo to
mention a few. They contributed immensely to the honor and
prestige not only of their Alma Mater, but also of Nueva
Ecija and the Philippines.

In the intellectual and cultural arena, Nueva Ecija
occupies a prominent place. Its sons rank among the
countrys intellectual elite, among them: Epifanio delos
Santos, writer and literary genius; Sedfrey A. Ordonez,
statesman and poet; Lazaro Francisco, novelist; Paz
Policarpio-Mendez, educator; Leopoldo Serrano, writer and
historian; Gaudencio Antonio, senator; and Ponciano B.P.
Pineda, linguist and Tagalog poet.

Nueva Ecija is also blessed with illustrious and
prominent political figures who contributed to the growth
and prosperity of the province. There was, again, Epifanio
C. delos Santos, the first governor of the province during
the onset of the American colonial administration; Isauro
Gabaldon, and Hermogenes Concepcion, Sr. who, in their
respective terms represented Nueva Ecija admirably in the
Philippine Senate. Other governors with equal records of
contributions to making what Nueva Ecija is today include
General Manuel Tinio, Leopoldo D. Diaz, Amado Q. Aleta and
Eduardo L. Joson. Their dedication and patriotism made
history for Nueva Ecija in the political arena. Their
strong and visionary leadership was a significant factor in
their governance of the province, thus spurring its
unprecedented economic development.

"Nueva Ecija" exactly expressed the distinction of the
provinces sceneries, sound financial resources, dedicated
provincial, city, municipal, and barangay leaders,
educational institutions, and the cradle of noble heroes,
historians, scientists and writers. In a few words, it is a
glorious and wonderful province.







V.2. ABOUT OLD STRUCTURES AND HOUSES IN DISTRICT 4 OF NUEVA
ECIJA:
Filipinos indeed had many traditions and customs which
create our culture that had been influence by the
colonizers and some originally came from them (Filipinos)
specially those traditions and customs which had been
practice by the tribal groups who lives in mountainous and
autonomous regions of the country.
Culture of Filipinos during the past are can be seen
through the type or style of the building constructed
during that time. Yet, Filipino Architecture starts from a
simple hut that had been developed into a house that is
made of stone. Although we had been influenced by the
different western colonizers and Asian conquerors, we still
manage to make or construct the buildings in our own way,
not that literal, because although our ancestors that time
doesnt have capabilities to design buildings they still
constructed those buildings whole-heartedly which made that
building more beautiful. Thats why when you enter an old-
traditional dwelling house of a Filipino, you will not just
be amazed because of the classical beauty of its forms but
you will also feel the emotions of the contractors who made
the Spanish plans into reality.
Old traditional Houses or Buildings of the Philippines
are indeed beautiful because of the uniqueness of its forms
and aesthetics. It can be classified as the Classical
Architecture of the Philippines which had been influenced
by the Spaniards.
Numerous old structures are can be found at the fourth
district of Nueva Ecija, the owner may or may not be that
well known person, and are remarkable because of their
aesthetics that been preserved although some of them was
already renovated you can still see and feel the
story/history that lived in there. Although we are now in
modern times and some of the old structures are demolished
because the materials that been used are already weak, we
could still manage to preserve those said structures.
One of the remarkable structures we had research is
the house of Emilio Aguinaldo that is situated at San
Isidro. It is said to be one of Aguinaldos Residence but
according to the owner of one of the neighbouring houses of
that structure it is not really Aguinaldos property but
rather Aguinaldo only stayed at that house just for a week
or days the real owner of the house only said that it was
Aguinaldos property for his own benefits.
Also the old house who owned by Vice Mayor Esquivel
the son of Apolinario Esquivel. We all know the novel of
our national hero, Dr. Jose P. Rizal; the Noli Me Tangere
and the El Filibusterismo. Those novels was really indeed
beautiful not only because of the story and the truth that
was written in there but also the way the story plays your
imagination while reading the description of the setting of
the story, and those description are almost the same
setting that you will see inside the house.(see pictures at
the appendix)
The Penaranda Church and the Divina Pastora Church at
Gapan City, which had gone through generations of Spanish
friars before it was completely done or erected.
The priests house located at the property line of the
Divina Pastora Church, which is also known as the WHITE
HOUSE because of its colour. According to its caretaker,
the house has a secret attic where their ancestors gone
through to hide to the Japanese soldiers whenever theres a
house inspection.
Those are some of the remarkable houses and structures
that we had been research. Every structures tells a story,
stories even not been foretold its remains still been part
of our history.





VI. CONCLUSION:
Architecture in the Philippines reflects our history
and tells different stories from the different period of
time which also serve as evidence of our culture that still
been practice these days. But, Architecture is not just
considering the adaptation of culture but also the changes
in our environment and the development of time.
Although we reach the development that we need today,
we still have those structures that been preserve yet not
that properly because those who preserve the structures or
house could not find the same quality of materials that
been used or some of the materials are really rare
nowadays.

VII. RECOMENDATION:
The majority of the people nowadays follow age-old
traditions as well as contemporary lifestyles and trends.
And also, some of us like the old way of our Architecture
so some of them where constructing their house which is
alike to the old ones. It is nice isnt it? Because some of
us value our history and culture so they are trying to make
structures of those kinds. Maybe their motto is if we
cannot preserve it, we can make another kind of it, well
it is not impossible for us not to construct another house
that look likes the house of the old time because we
already have capabilities to make it and through our modern
technology it is possible.
The combination of new and modern kinds of materials
and old but durable materials will be effective in
restoring and preserving the old structures. And with the
cooperation of the architects or any kind of builders to
the government, the restoration and preservation of the
historical structures and houses will be more effective.








XI. BIBLIOGRAPHY:
http://www.google.com.ph
http://en.wikipedia.org


















REPu8LlC 0F TlE PllLlPPlNE3
Nueva Ecija University of Science and Technology
COLLEGE OF ARCHITECTURE


(RESEARCH PAPER)

SUMITTED BY:
CYRA FAYE VERONIQUE P. AGUSTIN
KIMBERLY Q. AGUILAR
R-GINE CALICA
CHRISTIAN PAOLO MENDEZ
SARAH JANE M. PAJARILLGA
ROSALIE O. PITALLANO
ART LESTER SALAZAR
ARLENE JOY RESURRECIION C. VILLAS
AR 3 A/B

SUMITTED TO:
ARCH. CORINA V. PADILLA
INSTRUCTOR