Design & Realization of Wireless Sensor Network Gateway Based on ZigBee & GPRS

Dr.S.B.Shivakumar M.Tech, Ph.D. shivashantala@gmail.com Principal, SJMIT, Chitradurga

ABSTRACT: This paper takes ZigBee wireless communication module and GPRS module as the basic, and takes S3C2440 microprocessor as the core device to analyze and design the wireless sensor network gateway. It realizes the complementary advantage of short-distance transmission of ZigBee and remote data transmission of GPRS, and it also achieved remote data transmission through combining the two networks by the gateway. Staff can log on the Internet through a variety of ways to check the working conditions of all wireless sensor network nodes, as a result, this system have a wide range of applications. 1. DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION

1.1 Design and Implementation This system uses ZigBee technology to transmit the data collected from the node network to the gateway. And communicates with monitoring center by GPRS mode through the gateway, thus build a wireless sensor network gateway based on ZigBee and GPRS. The combination of GPRS and ZigBee has a very important significance in the wireless sensor network gateway system. 1.2. Application of ZigBee technology used in Gateway In Wireless Sensor network[3],

nodes and gateways are usually placed in areas that are inconvenient to reach. Upon this, we use ZigBee[2] technology, which is the pronoun of IEEE802.15.4 protocol. Technology based on this protocol

regulation is a kind of short-distance and low-power technology. wireless communication

Fig. 1 Block diagram

1.3 Application of GPRS technology used in Gateway GPRS[4] is the shorted form of General Packet Radio Service, it is a breakthrough of GSM networks only circuit switched provided thinking mode, And realize packet switching only by increasing the functionality entities and transforming part of the existing base- station system. Data collected by ZigBee network is transmitted to monitoring center through GPRS network. 1.4.System character ZigBee network faces to the type of short-distance communication, while GPRS network faces to the they type of have

Internally, the system is made up of four

different types of machines, each fulfilling a different purpose: data acquisition (DAQ), control, system management (SYSM), and user interface (UI). the The components common

interconnect

using

most

interface and protocol available, TCP/IP over Ethernet. In this setup, the acquisition and control modules sit on a dedicated Ethernet link, while the user interface modules sit on another link. In addition to being the interface between the two links, the system control module provides an interface to the "outside world," which may be a corporate intranet, through a third link. The process being controlled here could be part of a factory, treatment facility, or something completely different, but this is of no importance to the main design being discussed, because all process control systems have similar architectures. To control a process, the system needs to know at all times the current state of the different components of the process. This is what data acquisition is for. Having acquired the data, the system can determine how to keep the process under control. The location where the analysis is control module

telecommunication,

complementary advantage, and can realize remote data transmission through the way of being combined by the gateway. 2.GENERAL ARCHITECTURE OF EMBEDDED SYSTEM

Fig.2 Embedded Linux system architecture

3.HARDWARE DESIGN

scans to find an active channel to join, then permits other devices to join End Device will always try to join an existing network. Devices discover other devices in the network providing complementary Services Service Discovery can be initiated from any device within the

network.Devices can be bound to other devices offering complementary services Fig.3 Architecture of ARM board Binding provides a command and control feature for specially identified sets of devices. 4.1 ZigBee Network Model

3.1 S3C2440 MODULE

The mini2440 is a practical low-cost ARM9 Single Board Computer (SBC) with a very high performance/cost ratio. With the Samsung S3C2440 microprocessor and the use of professional layout and quality peripheral chips, it is very robust. The Mini2440 uses a four-layer board design with gold immersion processing, and has high quality equal-length bus routing in timing critical areas. The production

environment and quality control are the same as those of modern high-speed motherboards. 4.How A ZigBee Network Forms? Devices are pre programmed for their network function Coordinator scans to find an unused channel to start a network. Router (mesh device within a network) Fig.4 ZigBee Network Model 4.2 ZigBee Devices There are three different types of ZigBee devices:
y

ZigBee coordinator (ZC): The most capable device, the coordinator forms the root of the network tree and might

bridge to other networks. There is exactly one ZigBee coordinator in each network since it is the device that started the network originally. It is able to store information about the network, including acting as the Trust Centre & repository for security keys.
y

GPRS (general packet radio service) is a packet-based data bearer service for wireless communication services that is delivered as a network overlay for GSM, CDMA and TDMA (ANSII36) networks. GPRS applies a packet radio principle to transfer user data packets in an efficient way between GSM mobile stations and external packet data networks. Packet switching is where data is split into packets that are transmitted separately and then reassembled at the receiving end. GPRS supports the Internet

ZigBee Router (ZR): As well as running an application function, a router can act as an Intermediate router,

passing on data from other devices.

y

ZigBee End Device (ZED): Contains just enough functionality to talk to the parent node (either the coordinator or a router); it cannot relay data from other devices. This relationship allows the node to be asleep a significant amount of the time thereby giving long battery life. A ZED requires the least amount of memory, and therefore can be less expensive to manufacture than a ZR or ZC. 5.GPRS TECHNOLOGY

world's

leading

packet-based

communication protocols, Internet protocol (IP) and X.25, a protocol that is used mainly in Europe. GPRS enables any existing IP or X.25 application to operate over a GSM cellular connection. Cellular networks with GPRS capabilities are wireless extensions of the Internet and X.25 networks. APPLICATIONS The applications for WSNs are varied, typically involving some kind of monitoring, tracking, or controlling. In a typical application, a WSN is deployed in a region where it is meant to collect data through its sensor nodes. y Home Automation Office Automation

Fig.5 GPRS Network Architecture

y y y y y y y y y y y

Industrial environmental monitoring & control Area monitoring

applications.The client is designed using QT and it can control the devices. BIBILIOGRAPHY

Environmental monitoring y Air pollution monitoring Forest fires detection Greenhouse monitoring Landslide detection Machine health monitoring Water/Wastewater monitoring y Landfill ground well monitoring and pump counter Agriculture level y y y Linux Installation and Getting Started by Matt Welsh Linux Kernel Module Programming Guide by Ori Pomerantz Linux Network Administrator's

Guide by Olaf Kirch and Terry Dawson Building Embedded Linux Systems By Karim Yaghmour S3C2440A 32-Bit CMOS

Microcontroller User's Manual y Building Embedded Linux Systems S3C2440 User Guide ARM System Developer's Guide: Designing and Optimizing System Software y y y y y y www.Kernel.org/pub http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ZigBee www.friendlyarm.net www.linux-drivers.org http://en.wikipidea.org/wiki/ethernet www.dacomwest.de/pdf/dm9000 an.pdf y www.arm.com/products/processors/c lassic/arm9/index.php y y www.linfo.org www.tenouk.com

CONCLUSION ZigBee wireless communication module and GPRS module as the basic, and takes S3C2410 microprocessor as the core device to analyze and design the wireless sensor network gateway. It realizes the complementary advantage of short-distance transmission of ZigBee and remote data transmission of GPRS, and it also achieved remote data y y

transmission through combining the two networks by the gateway. Staff can log on the Internet through a variety of ways to check the working conditions of all wireless sensor network nodes, as a result, this system have a wide range of