Course No: CAP616T Course Title: COMPUTER GRAPHICS

Home Work No. I DOA: 22 jan, 2012 Part- A DOS: 29 jan,2012

Q1: List the operating characteristics for the following display technologies: raster refresh systems, vector refresh systems, plasma panels, and LCDs. Q2: List the different Input and output components that are typically used with virtual reality systems. Also explain how users interact with a virtual scene displayed with different output devices, such as two-dimensional and stereoscopic monitors. Virtual reality :- Virtual reality (VR), also known as virtuality, is a term that applies to computer-simulated environments that can simulate physical presence in places in the real world, as well as in imaginary worlds. Most current virtual reality environments are primarily visual experiences, displayed either on a computer screen or through special stereoscopic displays, but some simulations include additional sensory information, such as sound through speakers or headphones. INPUT DEVICES :3D MOUSE 3D DIZITIZER GLOVES OUTPUT DEVICES:MOTION DEVICES VISUAL DISPLAY AUDITORY INTERFACES Q3: Consider three different raster systems with resolutions of 640 by 400, 1280 by 1024, and 2560 by 2048. What size frame buffer (in bytes) is needed for each of these systems to store 12 bits per pixel? How, much storage is required for each system if 24 bits per pixel are to be stored? Frame Buffer needed for each of these systems to store 12 bits per pixel :(640*400*12) / 8 = 375 KB (1280*1024*12) / 8 = 1920 KB (2560*2048*12) / 8 = 7680 KB Similarly , Frame Buffer needed for each of these systems to store 24 bits per pixel :(640*400*24) / 8 = 750 KB

(1280*1024*24) / 8 = 3840 KB (2560*2048*24) / 8 = 15360 KB Q4: Differentiate between Raster scan systems and Random Scan systems? Raster scan system has less resolution while random display has higher resolution While the lines produced in raster scan are zigzag, they are smooth in random scan as electron beam directly follows the line path While it is difficult to achieve realism in random scan, a high degree of realism is achieved in raster scan with the help of advanced shading and hidden surface technique While random scan is costlier, decreasing memory cost in raster scan has made it popular Electron beam is swept across the screen, one row at a time from top to bottom in case of raster scan in the case of raster scan, while in the case of random scan electron beam directly to those parts of the screen where picture needs to be drawn Random scan draws component lines at the rate of 30-60 times each second, while refreshing on raster scan is carried out at a rate of 60-80 frames per second.

Q5: Indicate which raster locations would be chosen by Bresenhams algorithm when scan converting a line from pixel coordinate (4, 5) to pixel coordinates (11, 9).Also explain algorithmic steps. Q6: Define persistence, Resolution and Digitization Persistence :- The time it takes the emitted light from screen to decay one tenth of its original intensity. Resolution :- The maximum number of point that can be overlap on a CRT is known as resolution. Dizitization :-