gisTUTORIAL Workbook

ArcView 9.0
1st Edition
WILPEN L. GORR AND KRISTEN S. KURLAND

Copyright 2004

Table of Contents
Preface................................................................................................................................. i
Approach to Learning GIS ............................................................................................... i
Installation of the gisTUTORIAL CD............................................................................. ii
ArcView 9 System Requirements .................................................................................... ii

gisTUTORIAL 1 : Introduction .................................................. 1

Launch ArcMap ................................................................................................................ 2
Map Layers........................................................................................................................ 4
Turn a Layer On.............................................................................................................. 4
Turn a Layer Off ............................................................................................................. 4
Add a Layer..................................................................................................................... 5
Change a Layers Display Order..................................................................................... 7
Change a Layers Color .................................................................................................. 8
Change a Layers Outline Color ..................................................................................... 9
Zoom and Pan ................................................................................................................. 10
Zoom In......................................................................................................................... 10
Fixed Zoom In............................................................................................................... 10
Zoom Out ...................................................................................................................... 11
Fixed Zoom Out............................................................................................................ 11
Pan................................................................................................................................. 11
Zoom to Full Extent ...................................................................................................... 12
Zoom to the Previous Extent......................................................................................... 12
Zoom to the Next Extent............................................................................................... 12
Magnifier Window .......................................................................................................... 14
Opening the Magnifier.................................................................................................. 14
Magnifier Properties ..................................................................................................... 15
Overview Window........................................................................................................... 16
Spatial Bookmarks.......................................................................................................... 18
Measure Distances .......................................................................................................... 20
Change Distance Measurements.................................................................................... 21
Identify Features ............................................................................................................. 22
Identify Various US States............................................................................................ 22
Identify Various US Cities............................................................................................ 23
Restricting Identify Results........................................................................................... 24
Selecting Features ........................................................................................................... 26
Select Tool .................................................................................................................... 26
Selecting Multiple Features .......................................................................................... 26

Clearing Selected Features............................................................................................ 27

Selection Color.............................................................................................................. 27
Changing Selection Symbol.......................................................................................... 28
Selectable Layers .......................................................................................................... 29
Find Features................................................................................................................... 30
Work with Feature Attribute Tables ............................................................................ 32
Open the Table of the US Cities Layer......................................................................... 32
Show the Connection Between Layers and Tables....................................................... 33
Show Only Selected Records........................................................................................ 33
Clear Selections ............................................................................................................ 34
Select Records in a Table.............................................................................................. 34
Select More than One Record from the Table .............................................................. 34
Zoom to Selected Feature ............................................................................................. 35
Switch Selections .......................................................................................................... 35
Sort a Field.................................................................................................................... 36
Move a Field ................................................................................................................. 37
Label Features................................................................................................................. 38
Set Label Properties ...................................................................................................... 38
Label Features............................................................................................................... 38
Remove Labels.............................................................................................................. 39
Label Selected Features Only ....................................................................................... 39
Relative Paths and Saving Projects ............................................................................... 41
Absolute Path Names.................................................................................................... 41
Relative Path Names ..................................................................................................... 41
Saving Layers as Relative Path Names......................................................................... 42
Save the Project and Exit ArcMap................................................................................ 43
Exercise Assignments Tutorial 1 ................................................................................... 44

gisTUTORIAL 2: Map Design .................................................. 49

Create Choropleth Maps................................................................................................ 51
Add a Layer to the View............................................................................................... 51
Change a Layers Name................................................................................................ 52
Select a Census Attribute to Display State Population ................................................. 53
Create Group Layers...................................................................................................... 54
Add a Group Layer to the View.................................................................................... 54
Add a Layer to the Group ............................................................................................. 55
Change the Symbology for States................................................................................. 56
Select a Census Attribute to Display County Population ............................................. 57
Saving Group Layer Files ............................................................................................. 59
Adding Layer Groups ................................................................................................... 59
Removing Layer Groups............................................................................................... 59

Create Threshold Scales for Dynamic Display............................................................. 60

Setting a Visible Scale Based on the Current Zoomed Scale ....................................... 60
Set a Maximum Scale Based on the Current Zoomed Scale ........................................ 60
Clear a Layers Visible Scale........................................................................................ 62
Set a Minimum Visible Scale at a Specific Layer ........................................................ 63
Create Choropleth Maps Using Custom Attribute Scales .......................................... 66
Create Custom Classes in a Legend.............................................................................. 66
Manually Change Class Values .................................................................................... 67
Manually Change Class Colors and Hues..................................................................... 69
Pin (Point) Maps ............................................................................................................. 70
Create a Pin Map of US Cities by Population............................................................... 70
Create a Pin Map based on Feature Query.................................................................... 71
Create a New Map ........................................................................................................ 71
Add Data to the Map..................................................................................................... 72
Create Ground Polygons ............................................................................................... 72
Display a Queried Subset Pennsylvania Cities ............................................................. 73
Change the Layer Name and Symbol ........................................................................... 74
Add Pennsylvanias State Capital City ......................................................................... 75
Change the Layer Name and Symbol ........................................................................... 76
Create Hyperlinks........................................................................................................... 78
Create a Dynamic Hyperlink ........................................................................................ 78
Launch the Hyperlink ................................................................................................... 79
Create Tool Tips ........................................................................................................... 80
Exercise Assignments Tutorial 2: .................................................................................. 81

gisTUTORIAL 3: GIS Outputs ................................................. 85

Use Interactive GIS......................................................................................................... 88
Produce Print Layouts.................................................................................................... 89
Choose a Built-in Layout Template.............................................................................. 89
Set up and Customize the Template Page..................................................................... 90
Create a Custom Map Template and Map Series........................................................ 92
Start a New Map Project ............................................................................................... 92
Complete the New Map Project.................................................................................... 93
Set Up the Layout View................................................................................................ 94
Add Elements................................................................................................................ 95
Use the Custom Template for a New Map.................................................................... 96
Create a Custom Map Template for Multiple Maps ................................................... 98
Start a New Map Project ............................................................................................... 98
Add Elements................................................................................................................ 99
Add Reports to a Layout .............................................................................................. 100
Open an Existing Project ............................................................................................ 100

Make a Selection of Records ...................................................................................... 100

Start the Report ........................................................................................................... 101
Finish the Report......................................................................................................... 102
Add the Report to a Layout......................................................................................... 103
Add Final Touches to the Layout................................................................................ 104
Add Graphs to a Layout............................................................................................... 106
Create a Graph in ArcView......................................................................................... 107
Export Data ................................................................................................................. 108
Import Data Into Excel................................................................................................ 108
Create a Graph in Excel .............................................................................................. 109
Add the Excel Graph to the Layout ............................................................................ 110
Export Layouts as Files ................................................................................................ 111
Other Outputs ............................................................................................................... 112
Exercise Assignments Tutorial 3 ................................................................................. 113

gisTUTORIAL 4: Personal Geodatabases.............................. 117

Create a New Personal Geodatabase........................................................................... 120
Create a New Geodatabase ......................................................................................... 120
Import Shapefiles ........................................................................................................ 120
Import a Data Table .................................................................................................... 122
Add Layers to ArcMap ............................................................................................... 122
Change Layer Properties............................................................................................. 123
Modify a Personal Geodatabase .................................................................................. 125
Examine and Modify Layer Attribute Tables ............................................................. 125
Modify a Primary Key ................................................................................................ 126
Calculate a New Column ............................................................................................ 127
Join Tables..................................................................................................................... 129
Join a Table to a Map.................................................................................................. 129
Symbolize a Map ........................................................................................................ 131
Aggregate Data.............................................................................................................. 133
Examine Tables to Join............................................................................................... 133
Join Tables .................................................................................................................. 134
Extract a Subset of Points ........................................................................................... 135
Spatially Join Point and Polygon Layers .................................................................... 137
Count Points by Polygon ID ....................................................................................... 138
Join a Count Table to a Polygon Map......................................................................... 139
Symbolize the Choropleth Map .................................................................................. 140
Symbolize the Point Map for Drill Down................................................................... 141
Export Data from a Personal Geodatabase ............................................................... 143
Export a table from a Personal Geodatabase .............................................................. 144
Use ArcCatalog Utilities ............................................................................................... 145
Exercise Assignments Tutorial 4 ................................................................................. 147

gisTUTORIAL 5: Importing Spatial and Data Attributes ... 151

Sources of Maps and Data............................................................................................ 152
ESRIs WEB Site........................................................................................................ 152
Navigate to Free ESRI Data........................................................................................ 153
Download ESRI Base Maps........................................................................................ 154
Geography Network.................................................................................................... 157
Download Census TIGER Line Data.......................................................................... 159
Download Census Tracts and Data for a County........................................................ 160
Extract Files ................................................................................................................ 161
U.S. Census Bureau .................................................................................................... 162
American Factfinder ................................................................................................... 163
Create and Download American Factfinders Data Tables ........................................ 164
Vector spatial data formats.......................................................................................... 166
Coverages.................................................................................................................... 166
Shape files................................................................................................................... 167
Add a Shapefile in ArcMap ........................................................................................ 167
Convert a Coverage to a Shapefile.............................................................................. 167
Convert Labels to Annotation Theme......................................................................... 169
CAD Files ................................................................................................................... 172
Add a CAD File as a Layer for Display...................................................................... 173
Add a CAD File as a Layer for Edit and Analysis...................................................... 174
Export Shapefiles to CAD .......................................................................................... 175
Export and Import Interchange (.e00) Files............................................................... 177
XY event files ............................................................................................................. 179
Show XY Event Themes as points.............................................................................. 180
Projections ..................................................................................................................... 181
Add World Projections ............................................................................................... 181
Change the Maps Projection to Mercator .................................................................. 182
Change the Maps Projection to Hammer-Aitoff and then Robinson......................... 183
Projections of the USA ............................................................................................... 183
Albers Equal Area Conic Projection........................................................................... 184
North America Equidistant Projection........................................................................ 185
Compare Projections in a Layout................................................................................ 186
State Plane Coordinate System.................................................................................... 187
Add a Map without State Plane Coordinates .............................................................. 188
Set the coordinate projection for the map ................................................................... 191
Convert 2000 Census Tracts to a State Plane Shapefile ............................................. 192
Stored metadata on projections................................................................................... 193
Launch ArcCatalog ..................................................................................................... 193
View Metadata on a Shapefile .................................................................................... 193
Attribute data ................................................................................................................ 195
Adding and Opening DBF (dBASE) files .................................................................. 196
Adding and Opening Comma Delimited (.csv) files .................................................. 196
Microsoft Access Tables............................................................................................. 197
Exercise Assignments Tutorial 5 ................................................................................. 198

gisTUTORIAL 6: Digitizing .................................................... 203

Create a New Polygon Shapefile.................................................................................. 204
Create a New Polygon Shapefile ................................................................................ 204
Launch ArcMap - ArcView ........................................................................................ 206
Add the Shapefile to a Map ........................................................................................ 207
Digitize and Edit the Polygon Layer ........................................................................... 210
Launch the Editor Toolbar .......................................................................................... 211
Practice Digitizing a Polygon ..................................................................................... 211
Practice Editing a Polygon.......................................................................................... 213
Vertices........................................................................................................................... 214
Move Vertex Points .................................................................................................... 214
Add Vertex Points....................................................................................................... 214
Delete Vertex Points ................................................................................................... 214
Digitize the Actual Polygon .......................................................................................... 216
Add Feature Attribute Data......................................................................................... 217
Label Commercial Zones with Numbers .................................................................... 218
Advanced Edit Tools..................................................................................................... 219
Digitize a Point Layer ................................................................................................... 220
Create Point Theme for Evacuation Shelters .............................................................. 220
Draw Evacuation Shelters as Points ........................................................................... 221
Add Fields to EvacShelter Attribute Table................................................................. 222
Add Values to EvacShelter Records ........................................................................... 222
Digitize a Line Layer .................................................................................................... 224
Create a Line Shapefile for an Evacuation Route....................................................... 224
Change the Line Symbol for the Evacuation Route.................................................... 224
Prepare Area for Digitizing......................................................................................... 225
Start Editing ................................................................................................................ 225
Digitize Using Snap Features...................................................................................... 226
Spatial Adjustment ....................................................................................................... 229
Add an Aerial Photo to a map..................................................................................... 229
Add a Building Outline............................................................................................... 230
Move the Building ...................................................................................................... 231
Rotate the Building ..................................................................................................... 232
Transform the Building to the Aerial Photo............................................................... 233
Add Displacement Links............................................................................................. 233
Edit Displacement Links............................................................................................. 234
Adjust the Building ..................................................................................................... 235
Advanced Tasks ........................................................................................................... 236
Exercise Assignments Tutorial 6 ................................................................................ 237

gisTUTORIAL 7 : Address Matching..................................... 243

Address Match to Streets ............................................................................................. 244
Select a Address Locator for Streets........................................................................... 246
Specifying a Reference Table (Streets)....................................................................... 247
Prepare Input Address Fields ...................................................................................... 248
Create Address Locator............................................................................................... 249
Address Matching ......................................................................................................... 250
Add Address Locator to Map...................................................................................... 250
Interactively Locate Addresses ................................................................................... 251
Show Address on Map ................................................................................................ 251
Batch Address Match ................................................................................................... 254
Prepare Table for Address Matching .......................................................................... 254
Correct Addresses Using Interactive Rematch .......................................................... 256
Match Interactively ..................................................................................................... 256
Correct Street Layer Addresses .................................................................................. 258
Identify and Isolate Streets for Unmatched Address .................................................. 258
Identify and Isolate Unmatched Streets ...................................................................... 259
Modify the Attributes of Street Centerlines................................................................ 260
Study a User Address Using Street Centerlines.......................................................... 262
Modify the PghClients Geocoded Data ...................................................................... 263
Rematch Address ........................................................................................................ 264
Alias Tables.................................................................................................................... 266
Address Match Data by Zip Code ............................................................................... 268
Open the Pennsylvania County Courthouses Map...................................................... 269
Add the courthouses data file...................................................................................... 269
Build Address Locators for Zip Codes ....................................................................... 270
Specifying a Reference Table (Zip Codes)................................................................. 271
Address Match Zip Codes ............................................................................................ 273
Add Address Locator to Map...................................................................................... 273
Batch Address Match.................................................................................................. 274
Prepare Table for Address Matching .......................................................................... 274
Exercise Assignments Tutorial 7 ................................................................................. 277

gisTUTORIAL 8: Spatial Data Processing............................. 281

Use Data Queries to Extract Features......................................................................... 284
Use ArcMaps Select by Attributes Capabilities ........................................................ 284
Show Selected Feature and Convert to Shapefile ....................................................... 285
Use ArcMaps Select Tool Capabilities...................................................................... 286
Clip Features ................................................................................................................. 288
Clip Streets Using Select by Location ........................................................................ 288
Show Selected Feature and Convert to Shapefile ....................................................... 289

Clip Streets Using Geoprocessing Extension ............................................................. 290

Dissolve Features........................................................................................................... 292
Dissolve Zip Codes Using Geoprocessing Extension................................................. 293
Append Layers .............................................................................................................. 296
Append Several Shapefiles into One Shapefile ......................................................... 297
Union Layers ................................................................................................................. 300
Union Zip Codes and Borough Using Geoprocessing Wizard ................................... 300
Use the Geoprocessing Wizard to Union Shapefiles .................................................. 301
Union Layers ................................................................................................................. 300
Union Zip Codes and Borough Using Geoprocessing Wizard ................................... 300
Use the Geoprocessing Wizard to Union Shapefiles .................................................. 301
Model Builder................................................................................................................ 303
Create a New Model ................................................................................................... 304
Set Up a Model to Clip ............................................................................................... 305
Connect Clip Functions to Layers............................................................................... 306
Connect Union Functions to Layers ........................................................................... 307
Run the Model............................................................................................................. 308
Display the New Shapefile.......................................................................................... 309
Exercise Assignments Tutorial 8 ................................................................................. 311

gisTUTORIAL 9: Spatial Analysis.......................................... 315

Buffer Points for Proximity Analysis .......................................................................... 316
Conduct a Site Suitability Analysis ............................................................................. 320
Apportion Data for Non-Coterminous Polygons ...................................................... 328
Approach to Apportionment ....................................................................................... 329
The Math of Apportionment ....................................................................................... 330
Preview of Apportionment Steps ................................................................................ 331
Create Tract ID and AGE22Plus Columns in Block Centroids.................................. 332
Sum up Age22Plus by Tracts...................................................................................... 334
Intersect Car Beats and Tracts .................................................................................... 335
Overlay the Intersection of Car Beats and Tracts on Block Centroids ....................... 336
Join the Sum_22Plus Table to the
Join_Intersection_CarBeatsAndTracts_BlockCentroids ............................................ 337
Compute Apportionment Weights .............................................................................. 338
Compute Apportionment Values ................................................................................ 339
Sum up Weights by Tract ........................................................................................... 340
Sum Up Under-Educated by Car Beats ...................................................................... 341
Join Sum_UnderEducated to the Car Beat Layer ....................................................... 342
Map Under Educated by Car Beat .............................................................................. 343
Exercise Assignments Tutorial 9 ................................................................................. 345