LASER TORCH BASED VOICE TRANSMITTER AND RECIEVER

BY BEE-FA10-017 BEE-FA10-018 BEE-FA10-069 BEE-FA10-072 MUDASSAR HASSAN MUHAMMAD BILAL YOUNAS ASIN SIDDIQUE MUHAMMAD MUZAMAL SHAHZAD

PROJECT REPORT

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING THE UNIVERSITY OF FAISALABAD 2012

CERTIFICATE OF APPROVAL
This is to certify that the work contained in this thesis entitled as

Laser Torch Based Voice Transmitter And Reciever

was carries out by BEE-FA10-017 BEE-FA10-018 BEE-FA10-069 BEE-FA10-072 of SUBJECT SEMESTER BASIC ELECTRONICS III B MUDASSAR HASSAN MUHAMMAD BILAL YOUNAS ASIM SIDDIQUE MUHAMMAD MUZAMAL SHAHZAD

APPROVED BY: Engr. Shoaib-ur-rehman Supervisor ..

Engr. Ubaid Umar Instructor

..

Date of Approval: 04.01.2012

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING THE UNIVERSITY OF FAISALABAD

ii

Acknowledgements
We acknowledge the inspiring guidance, encouraging attitude and technical guidance received from our respective teachers of The University of Faisalabad.

iii

Abstract
The abstract should give the information that will enable a scholar to tell whether he/she wishes to read the complete work. Therefore, the abstract should cover the following points: Statement of the problem, procedure or method, results, conclusions. The abstract should contain no headings, tabular material, chemical formulas, or footnotes. Abstracts should not contain references, but author citing is allowed. For example here is an abstract of a project class d power amplifier. Frame relay is a connection oriented packet switching technique and is intended for the interconnection of geographically separated local area networks. Frame relay communication has been proposed to improve the performance of ISDN packet transmission, but later it has been found out that it alone could be used as a cost effective communication technique. The work done in this report is part of a joint effort to develop a high speed network test bed that involves a frame relay switch, frame relay terminals and frame relay routers in the Computer Networks Research Laboratory. The frame relay line speed of the test bed has been selected as 2048 Kbps. IBM compatible personal computer's (PC's) with ISA bus have been selected as frame relay terminals and routers, since they have law east and it is relatively easier to solve their interfacing problems. A Motorola VME bus based multiprocessor computer system has been selected as the main component of the frame relay switch. The development of the frame relay ISA bus interface and the development of frame switch interface are the subjects of this report. Both interfaces have many common functions, subsystems and components. The frame relay PC ISA bus interface has been fully designed, realized as a board and tested for operation. The frame relay switch interface has been designed based on the experiences accumulated while developing the frame relay PC ISA bus interface.

iv

Table of Contents
1 Introduction 1.1 1.2 2 Working Components 1 2 2 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 4 6

Hardware 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.6 Laser Torch Intigrated Circuit(IC) Condenser Microphone Capacitors Transistors Loud Speaker

3 4

Software References

List of figures
Figure 1-1: Block diagram of laser based voice transmitter and receiver Figure 3-1: Circuit diagram 1 4

vi

List of tables
Table 1-1: Phenomena and Existing Transducers 2

vii

1 Introduction
Laser as a communication medium provide a good subtitute for the present day.using this circuit we can communicate wirelessly.Instead of RF signals,light from a laser torch is used as the carrier in the circuit.The laser torch can transmit light upto a distance of about 500 meters.The Block diagram of Laser torch based voice transmitter and reciever is given below

Figure 1-1: Block diagram of laser based voice transmitter and receiver

1.1 Working
I n a l l o f t h e la s e r c o m m u n ic a t o r s o n t h is p a g e , t h e la s e r lig h t is amplitudemodulated.This simply means that the amount of light the laser emits varies over time.To understand what is going on, it helps to consider how a loudspeaker makes sound. Aloudspeaker is a paper cone attached to a coil of wire that sits in a magnetic field from astrong permanent magnet. When an electric current flows in the loudspeaker coil, thec o i l b e c o m e s a n e le c t r o m a g n e t , a n d it m o v e s t o w a r d o r aw a y f r o m t h e p e r m a n e n t magnet. As it moves, the paper cone pushes on the air around it, compressing the air infront of it, and expanding the air behind it. Waves of compressed and expanded air travel to your ear, and cause your eardrum to move in time to the movements of the paper cone. The laser communicator adds two components to the loudspeaker concept.We take the electrical signal that goes to the loudspeaker, and connect it instead to thelaser, so the laser gets brighter and dimmer as the electric current varies. The secondcomponent is the receiver, which converts the light back into an electric current. Thiscurrent varies in time with the first current, because the amount of light that it receivesi s v a r yi n g i n t im e . T h is s ec o n d e le c t r ic c u r r e n t is u s e d t o m o v e t h e p a p e r c o n e o f a loudspeaker, just as before. However, now the loudspeaker can be quite a distance awayfrom the original electric current, without any wires connecting the two.

1.2 Components
Followinf Table provides the list of components used in project
Component Name Description Remove DC Ripples Change Variable Voltage Microphone

Capacitors Variable Resistors

Sound Speaker IC UA741 IC LM386 Transistors

Voice
General Purpose operational Amplifier Low Voltage Audio Power Amplifier Amplify and Switch Electronic Signals and Power
Table 1-1: Phenomena and Existing Transducers

2 Hardware
In this portion, the working of components is explained separately.

2.1 Laser Torch

Here we use the light rays coming from the laser torch as the medium of transmission.Laser had potential for the transfer of data at extremely high rates.They work similar to fiber optics cable system except the beam is transmitted through open space.The laser system operate in the near infrared region of spectrum. Tow parallel beams are used one for transmission and one for reception.

2.2 Intigrated Circuit(IC)

An Integrated Circuit Is a pre made circuit shrunk down to small size on a chip.ICs save circuit makers time by serving commom purposes like amplifying a signal which would otherwise have to be done by anew circuit from scratch every time.

2.3 Condenser Microphone

A condenser microphone is essentially a capacitor with one plate of the capacitor moving in response to sound waves.

2.4 Capacitors
Capacitors stores electrons for when they are needed most.Capacitors consist of two conducting plates placed near each other.Inside a Capacitor,the terminals connect to two metal plates separated by a dielectric.The dielectric can be air,plastic or anyting else the does not conduct electicity and keep the plates from touching each other.

2.5 Transistors

2.6 Loud Speaker

A loud speaker is an electro acoustic transducer that converts an electrical signal in to sound.

3 Software
The Circuit of the triple output power supply is simulated and tested using Proteus ISIS. The block diagram of the circuit is made using Microsoft Word. The Circuit diagram is given below.

Figure 3-1: Circuit diagram

4 References

Wikipedia.org www.scribd.com www.google.com