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ID: A
Name: ______________________
ID: A
Short Answer 20. Why can a gas fill the entire volume of its container? 21. In one experiment, magnesium metal melts. In a second experiment, magnesium metal ignites as it combines with oxygen. Classify the change in each experiment as chemical or physical. Explain your reasoning. 22. What are the SI standard units for length and mass? Why do you think there isnt a standard SI unit for volume? 23. Explain why flammability and combustibility are chemical properties. 24. Why should a scientist record all observations, even those that appear insignificant? 25. Explain what is meant by a scientific method. Problem 26. The density of aluminum is 2.70 g/cm3. The volume of a solid piece of aluminum is1.50cm3. Calculate its mass. Essay 27. Describe five ways in which chemistry is a part of your daily life.
ID: A
DIF: 1 REF: 2 9. ANS: precise, accurate DIF: 2 10. ANS: 3 DIF: 2 11. ANS: 2 DIF: 2 12. ANS: 17.2 cm2 DIF: 2 13. ANS: 3 DIF: 2 REF: 3 REF: 3 REF: 3 REF: 3 REF: 3
ID: A 14. ANS: 1.246 108 DIF: 2 REF: 3 15. ANS: 3 105 km / s DIF: 2 16. ANS: 3.86 105 DIF: 2 17. ANS: 1 104 REF: 3 OBJ: 2 STO: 3.1.10.B.3
OBJ: 4
STO: 3.1.10.B.3
REF: 3
OBJ: 4
STO: 3.1.10.B.3
DIF: 2 REF: 3 18. ANS: whole number ratios DIF: 1 19. ANS: frequency DIF: SHORT ANSWER 2 REF: 1 REF: 3
20. ANS: Gas particles have little attraction for each other and can easily and quickly move from one place to another. DIF: 1 REF: 1 OBJ: 2 STO: 3.4.10.A.4 21. ANS: In the first experiment, a physical change occurred. The chemical properties of magnesium were unchanged. In the second experiment, a chemical change occurred. A new substance with its own chemical properties was formed. DIF: 2 REF: 1 OBJ: 3 STO: 3.1.10.A.2 22. ANS: Meter and kilogram are the standard units for length and mass. Volume is a derived unit. It is calculated from length measurements, so it doesnt have a standard SI unit. DIF: 2 REF: 2 OBJ: 2 STO: 3.7.10.B.2 23. ANS: To observe either flammability or combustibility, a chemical change must occur. To observe either of these properties, something must burn and change to combustion products, such as water and carbon dioxide. DIF: 2 REF: 2 OBJ: 5 STO: 3.1.10.A.2
ID: A 24. ANS: Many important discoveries are made through mistakes or by accident. If seemingly insignificant observations are not recorded, such discoveries cannot be reproduced. DIF: 2 REF: 1 OBJ: 1 STO: 3.1.10.E.4 25. ANS: A scientific method is a logical, systematic approach to problem solving. The exact steps followed might vary from problem to problem. DIF: PROBLEM 26. ANS: m = DV = 2.70 g/cm3 1.50 cm3 = 4.05 g DIF: ESSAY 27. ANS: Answers will vary but might include specific chemical reactions in the human body, materials that are made through chemical processes, changes of state, or common chemical changes, such as burning or rotting. DIF: 1 REF: 1 OBJ: 1 STO: 3.1.10.A.5 2 REF: 2 OBJ: 4 STO: 3.1.10.B.3 2 REF: 2 OBJ: 1 STO: 3.2.10.B.2