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A Method of BER Compensative Power Calculation for Designing Optical Fiber Transmission Systems
Trn c Hn, Trn Quc Dng, L Trung Thnh, o Ngc Nam
Abstract: The definition of BER compensative power (PBER) was given by [1] to satisfy BER on demand. However, the results were calculated approximately with thermal noise (for PIN receivers) and avalanche noise (for APD receivers). This paper proposes a method of calculating PBER in optical fiber transmission systems (with or without using EDFAs), including the effect of noise sources from EDFAs and photo-detectors.
cng sut khi mun nng cp h thng. II. TNH TON CNG SUT B BER TRONG H THNG TRUYN DN QUANG KHNG S DNG EDFA 1. Tnh t s tn hiu trn tp m SNR tnh cng sut b trc ht ta thit lp t s tn hiu trn tp m in eSNR u ra ca b tch sng quang. Cng sut tp m sau tch sng quang khi h thng dng APD l [4,5]:
2 total = 2e( I ph + I d )M 2 FBe +2eBe I L + 4kTBe / R
I. T VN Vic thit k cc h thng thng tin quang c bit l h thng thng tin quang SDH da vo cc chun c khuyn ngh bi ITU-T. Tuy nhin, tham s BER- tham s th hin cht lng ca h thng th cha c quy chun v cc nh thit k c th chn BER=10-10 hoc BER=10-12 tu theo h thng. Trong cng trnh [1] a ra khi nim v phng php tnh ton cng sut b BER (PBER). Vi phng php ta c th tnh ton thit k h thng truyn dn quang bo m cc gi tr BER theo yu cu. Tuy nhin, cc kt qu mi ch tnh ton gn ng vi tp m nhit l tp m tri (khi dng b tch sng PIN) v tp m thc l l tp m tri (khi dng tch b sng APD). Bi bo a ra phng php tnh ton cng sut b BER trong h thng thng tin cp si quang c tnh n nh hng ca mi ngun tp m trong b tch sng quang, khi h thng s dng v khng s dng EDFA. T kt qu thu c s gip cc nh thit k h thng truyn dn quang xc nh chnh xc qu
(1)
ng vi cng sut quang PS ti b tch sng, theo lut bnh phng cng sut cng sut tn hiu l [3,4]:
S = ( pPS ) 2
Trong :
k l hng s Boltzman, T: nhit tuyt i [oK], Be: Bng tn in b thu, M: H s nhn thc ca APD;
(2)
I ph = pPS =
e P , vi h S
Iph, p l dng photo, p ng quang ca b tch sng; e l in tch electron, h: hng s Planck, F=MX h s nhiu tri ca APD v x ph thuc vo vt liu ch to: x=0,4 vi Si, x=0,6 vi InGaAs v x=1 vi Ge.
nh bi:
eSNR = (pPs ) 2 M2 2eBe (pPs + Id )M2 F + 2eBe I L + 4 eSNR = (pPs ) 2 2eBe (pPs + I d ) + 2eBe I L + 4 kTBe R , vi PIN (4) kTBe R vi APD (3)
PNew ) P
(8)
2. Tnh PBER
III. TNH TON CNG SUT B BER TRONG H THNG TRUYN DN QUANG S DNG EDFA
Cng sut b PBER l gi tr cng sut cn thit nng cao t s li bit BER t mt gi tr ban u no ln gi tr mi nhm m bo cho h thng c tin cy cao hn, v d t BER=10-10 ln BER=10-12 hoc BER=10-14 [1]:
Trong h thng thng tin cp si quang, b khuch i quang si EDFA c s dng ch yu lm [3,5]: khuch i cng sut BA(Booster Amplifier), khuch i ng truyn LA (In-line Amplifer) v tin khuch i PA (Preamplifier) (Hnh 1)
Pht EDFA Thu
PBER = 10 lg(
PNew ) [dB ] P
(5)
Trong P v PNew l cng sut thu c cc tiu ca b tch sng ng vi gi tr ban u BER=10-10 v gi tr mi BERnew ca BER. Theo (3), (4), eSNR u c dng:
Ptx
Pht
L, (a) EDFA
Pin
Pout
Ps
Thu
eSNR =
APs2 BPs + C
Ptx
Pin
Pout
(b)
L,
(6)
Pht EDFA
Ps
Thu
A = p2 B = 2eBe p 4kTBe R H thng dng tch sng quang APD: C = 2eBe I d + 2eBe I L +
A = p2M 2 B = 2eBe pM 2 .F 4kTBe C = 2eBe I d M .F + 2eBe I L + R T phng trnh (6) ta c:
2
Ptx L 1 , 1 Pin
Pout
(c)
L 2 , 2
Ps
Hnh 1. Cc phng n s dng EDFA trn tuyn thng tin cp si quang (a) Tin khuch i, (b) Khuch i cng sut, (c) Khuch i ng truyn.
T s tn hiu trn tp m trong ba trng hp c tnh nh cng thc (9), (10), (11) [3]. Ta thy c ba trng hp trn eSNR u c dng:
(7)
eSNR =
(APtx )2
BPtx + C
(12)
PS =
trong G l h s khuch i ca EDFA, mt l s mode ngang, B0 l bng tn quang ca b lc quang, Psp l cng sut tp m bc x t pht ti pha thu,
eSNR New =
( APtxNew ) 2 BPtxNew + C
(13)
eSNR =
(Ptx ) 2 2eBe B Be B 2 kTB e 2 2 (GPtx + m t Psp ) + 4 2 e Ptx Psp + 2 m t 2 (B0 e )Psp + 4 2 GB0 2 pG G B0 R (pG ) 2
(9)
eSNR =
(12Ptx )2 B 2 kTBe Be B 2eBe2 2 2 (G1Ptx + mt Psp ) + 421 e Ptx Psp + 2 mt 2 (B0 e )Psp + 4 2 2 2 GB0 R(pG) 2 B0 G pG
2
(10)
eSNR =
(Ptx ) 2
(11)
eSNR =
t k =
eSNR ( B +
( APtx ) 2 BPtx + C
(14)
B 2 eB e 1 2 + 4 1 2 e Psp 2 GB 0 pG
2eBe 2 Be B kTB e 2 m t Psp + m t 2 (B 0 e )Psp + 4 2 pG 2 G B0 R (pG ) 2 2 2 2 2
(16)
T cng sut b BER trong h thng quang s dng khuch i quang si EDFA c tnh nh sau:
,(17)
Ta s s dng cng thc chung v eSNR (12) tnh ton PBER ri t s suy ra cho tng trng hp BA, LA v PA. Coi eSNR l t s tn hiu trn tp m ng vi
b BER (PBER) trong h thng truyn dn quang c v khng s dng khuch i quang EDFA, c tnh n nh hng ca mi ngun tp m trong b tch sng quang v khuch i quang. Kt qu tnh ton thy rng cng cng sut b BER khng nhng ch ph thuc vo eSNR nh trng hp ch c tp m nhit [1] m cn ph thuc vo nhiu tham s khc nh cng sut pht v cc tham s ca b tch sng quang. Ngoi ra cng sut b BER khi tuyn c s dng EDFA cn ph thuc vo cc ngun tp m trong EDFA v cch s dng EDFA trn tuyn. T kt qu trn, sau y bi bo s m phng tnh ton vi cc tham s h thng: Bc sng hot ng = 1550nm, T = 300OK, bng tn in Be = 7.5GHz, p ng quang p==0,85 A/W, BER=10-10 , NF=4
1. Khi trn tuyn truyn dn cha s dng EDFA:
Hnh 3. Quan h gia BER v PBER cho h thng dng APD
Hnh 3 m phng cho trng hp h thng s dng tch sng quang APD. Tng t ta cng c kt lun vi h thng s dng APD th ch cn tnh n nh hng ca tp m thc l.
2. Khi tuyn s dng EDFA lm PA, BA v LA:
Hnh 2 ch ra mi quan h gia cng sut b BER v gi tr BER ca h thng s dng tch sng PIN ng vi cng sut pht Ptx=-1,5 dBm. Kt qu m phng cho hai trng hp tnh ton gn ng vi tp m nhit v tnh n nh hng ca mi ngun tp m trong PIN. T kt qu thy rng gi tr cng sut b BER khi tnh ton gn ng vi tp m nhit c gi tr gn bng vi gi tr thc t.
Phn ny m phng v so snh s ph thuc ca PBER vo khong cch tuyn L, h s khuch i G v BER trong ba phng n s dng EDFA trn tuyn. Hnh 4 m phng cho trng hp cng sut b BER ph thuc vo L[km]. T hnh v thy rng: Khi EDFA c dng lm tin khuch i PA th cng sut b khng thay i ln khi L thay i v c gi tr nh nht. Khi L cn nh hn 200 km th cng sut b trong ba phng n l nh nhau. Khi L>200 km th cng sut b tng nhanh i vi BA v LA. T c th tm c mt gi tr L ti u (Lopt) l khong cch truyn dn ca tuyn c gi tr ln nht v cng sut b c gi tr nh nht.
Hnh 5 m phng gi tr ca cng sut b BER khi EDFA c t cc v tr khc nhau trn tuyn vi G = 25dB. T hnh v ta thy rng cng sut b BER gim dn khi EDFA dch chuyn cng gn v pha thu v tng dn khi dch chuyn gn v pha pht. ng Hnh 2. Quan h gia BER v PBER cho h thng dng PIN thi ta cng thy rng gi tr ca cng sut b t thay T kt qu cho thy khi thit k cc h thng i khi EDFA cn gn pha ngun pht v thu (gim quang s dng tch sng PIN ta ch cn tnh nh nhanh khi L1 thay i t 80- 200km). Mt khc, cng hng ca tp m nhit. sut b t gi tr nh nht khi EDFA c lm tin
khuch i PA, theo tnh ton gim 3 ln so vi trng hp EDFA c dng lm khuch i cng sut BA.
Hnh 6 m phng mi quan h gia cng sut b BER v G cho ba phng n s dng EDFA. T hnh v thy rng khi G cn nh (G< 20dB) th cng sut b t thay i trong c ba phng n. Khi G tng ln (G>30dB) th cng sut b tng nhanh vi phng n LA (t gia ng truyn), cng sut b trong phng n BA v PA thay i khng ng k khi G tng. Trong c ba phng n, cng sut b < 1dB khi G thay i. Do vy trong thit k tnh ton tuyn thng tin quang v mt s thay i cng sut b theo G th c th b qua.
Hnh 7 so snh gi tr cng sut b BER theo BER trong 3 phng n s dng EDFA trn tuyn vi h s khuch i G = 25dB. T hnh v thy rng cng sut b tng khi cn tng tin cy ca h thng. Cng sut b BER cho c ba phng n l gn nh nhau khi G cn nh (nh c ch ra trong hnh 6).
V. KT LUN
T cc kt qu trn, cho ta kt qu quan trng l s dng EDFA lm PA l c li nht v mt cng sut b v khong cch truyn dn. Vi phng php tnh ton cng sut b BER cho php cc nh thit k h thng truyn dn quang tnh ton khng nhng bo m mi gi tr BER yu cu ca bi ton thit k m cn cho php tnh ton thit k nng cp h thng truyn dn quang hin c
[5] MAX- MING- KANG- LIU, Principles and applications of optical communications, Irwin, 1996. [6] TRAN QUOC DUNG, TRAN DUC HAN, NGUYEN MINH HIEN, DO XUAN THU, BUI VIET KHOI, An Approach of automatical optical fiber subsystem design, Asia- Pacific Symposium, On Information and Telecommunication Technology (APSIT97), Section 13, pp.13.15-13.54 [7] TRAN QUOC DUNG, VU VAN SAN, LE VAN HAI, Design calculation for optical communication systems, The 25th AsianInformationcommunications conference, Shangai, Apr. 2001, pp. 369- 375.
S LC TC GI TRN C HN
L TRUNG THNH
Sinh nm 1980. Sinh nm 1935. Tt nghip i hc Nng lng Moskva nm 1963. Bo v lun n Tin s ti i hc Nng lng Moskva nm 1974 v chuyn ngnh K thut in t. c phong Ph Gio s nm 1984 v Gio s nm 2001.
O NGC NAM
Tt nghip i hc Bch khoa H Ni chuyn ngnh in t- Vin thng nm 2003. Hin l cng tc ti Khoa in- in t, Trng i hc Giao thng Vn ti H Ni.
Sinh nm 1980. Tt nghip i hc Bch khoa H Ni chuyn ngnh in t- Vin thng nm 2003. Hin cng tc ti cng ty FPT.
Sinh nm 1970. Tt nghip i hc Bch khoa H Ni nm 1992. Bo v lun vn Thc s nm 1998 ti i hc Bch khoa H Ni. Hin l nghin cu sinh ti i hc Bch khoa H Ni. Hin cng tc ti cng ty VITECO. Hng nghin cu: Thng tin cp si quang,