Classification of Motives through their focus

1. Homeostasis This focused on the regulation of physiological body function: food, clothing, and shelter. 2. Self-esteem Its focus is on its mental function. 3. Social Relation The focus of this group of human motives is on interpersonal function.

Two Division of Motivation According to Marx

1. Biological Motives include hunger, thirst, air, fatigue, sex and other miscellaneous body drives. 2. Psychological Motives are subdivided into: a. Personal or orgasmic motive includes curiosity competence and achievement. b. Social interaction and social motives which are affiliation, power and independence upon relationships of the organism w/ other people.

Classification of Motives According to Smith

1. Homeostatic needs to hunger and thirst. 2. Sensory needs refer to the innate needs of activity. 3. Social Motivation refers to the acquired or learned social goals.

Physiological Drives refers to the primary motives of which some physiological in origin.

Primary Motives

1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

Hunger and Thirst Sex and maternal drive Curiosity and Sensory Stimulation Activity and Manipulation Competence Motive

Social Motive is also another kind which involves other people in one way or another.

Classifications

1. 2. 3. 4.

Affection and Affiliation Social Approval and Self-esteem Achievement Cognitive Dissonance

General Ways of Motivating People

1. Motivation by force 2. Motivation by enticement 3. Motivation by identification or Ego-Involvement

Motivational Model

Maslows Hierarchy of Needs

1. Basic Physiological Needs includes basic needs of people like food, shelter and clothing. 2. Safety and Security includes a feeling of being safe and secure. 3. Love and Belongingness This is the time you want to look for you life partner. 4. Self-esteem the need to increase your self worth. 5. Self-actualization needs this is the highest needs to find self-fulfillment and realize ones potential. The Filipino Hierarchy of Needs

1. Familism the need to belong

2. 3. 4. 5.

Reciprocity the need to be reciprocated Social Acceptance the need to be accepted in a bigger group Social Mobility the need to climb the socio-economic level Pagkabayani the need to be esteemed and revered

Three Levels of Human Basic Needs

1. Existence needs 2. Related needs 3. Growth needs

Emotions - are strong feelings accompanied by highly complex changes in the body. Fear - arises from sadness and unfamiliarity of a situation that makes difficult for a person to decide or take action. Worry - It grows out of fear. Anxiety this is a feeling of uncertainty. Anger is a natural reaction when your feelings are hurt.

Techniques in Controlling Anger

1. Recognize the difference between acknowledge anger and acting it out. 2. Develop technique for dissolving physical responses associating with anger. 3. Evaluate each situation separately before taking action. 4. Change your thinking. 5. Learn assertive technique rather than attack strategies. 6. Take appropriate action.

Love and Affection are emotional experiences which can appear at the early stage of child development.

Emotional Maturity implies the capacity to extend yourself into an everincreasing range of expression without losing your balance. Frustrations occur when progress toward a desired goal is blocked or delayed. Conflict when two motives occur at the same time, the satisfaction tends to frustrations of the other. Stress is a situation that calls foe more than what is normal or usual for a person.

Sources of Stress 1. Biological deprivation extreme hunger can cause deep physical and emotional disturbance. 2. Danger real or imagined usually produces stress. 3. Thrust to self-esteem this is often affected by age and personality factors. 4. Overload pressure or workload oftentimes produce stress. 5. Crises and stresses that accompanying normal social and personal development.

Defense Mechanism refers to a behavior that protects an individual from pain, shame or guilt.

Three Main Types of Defense Mechanism

1. Escape Reaction is characterized by withdrawal from frustrating or anxiety-producing situations. Different forms of this type: a. Repression b. Fantasy c. Regression d. Apathy e. Reaction Formation f. Denial

2. Compromise Reaction or Techniques and Substitute activities a. Rationalization Predestination Exemption

Doctrine b. Identification Introjection Projection c. Sublimation d. Compensation and Atonement

Two Forms of Aggression Direct aggression Displaced aggression

Importance of Attitude 1. 2. 3. 4. Attitude determines ones behavior. Attitude influences our social perception and vice versa. Attitude predicts behavior. Attitudes can have a strong and lasting impact on individuals, group and societies. 5. Attitudes help us cope with the world around us.

Sources of Attitudes 1. 2. 3. 4. Specific Experiences Communication with others Models Institutional Factors

CHAPTER 7: VALUE SYSTEM

Self Image is a set of assumptions about who are we, about what we expect the future to bring, about, whether we are successes or failures, about how we are not competent. Values is closely related to the search for meaning in human life. It is related to religion, morals and ethics, social and political sciences and other field. Classification of Values 1. Useful or Utilitarian good when some other things are obtained from it. 2. Pleasurable or delectable good when it provides pleasure to the subject. 3. Befitting or becoming good when it develops, completes or perfects the subject. Modern Classification of Values 1. Intrinsic and Instrumental Intrinsic value is referred to something good for his oneself. Instrumental value is a value of good strive for cause of its worth to us and to others. 2. Accidental and Natural Values Accidental Value is that which befits a man with respect to the accident found in him. 3. Primary and Secondary Values Primary Values are values that are chosen, acted upon are necessary for the development of man. Secondary Values are values that are consistently necessary for the well-being of its members. 4. Moral or Ethnical Values Moral Values refer to the qualities which lifts the level of personal value to a degree higher than economic, cultural and aesthetic values. 5. Religious Values 6. Cultural Values

Cultural Value means progress, enrichment and completion of human personality. 7. Social Values

Five Positive Values 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Honesty Hard Work Thrift Delicadeza Word of Honor