Ken Black QA 5th Chapter 10 Solution

Chapter 10: Statistical Inferences About Two Populations
Chapter 10
Statistical Inferences about Two Populations
LEARNING OBJECTIVES
The general focus of Chapter 10 is on testing hypotheses and constructing confidence
intervals about parameters from two populations, thereby enabling you to
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Test hypotheses and construct confidence intervals about the difference in two
population means using the z statistic.
Test hypotheses and establish confidence intervals about the difference in two
population means using the t statistic.
related populations.
population proportions.
Test hypotheses and construct confidence intervals about two population
variances.
CHAPTER TEACHING STRATEGY

The major emphasis of chapter 10 is on analyzing data from two samples. The
student should be ready to deal with this topic given that he/she has tested hypotheses and
computed confidence intervals in previous chapters on single sample data.
In this chapter, the approach as to whether to use a z statistic or a t statistic for
analyzing the differences in two sample means is the same as that used in chapters 8
and 9. When the population variances are known, the z statistic can be used. However, if
the population variances are unknown and sample variances are being used, then the
t test is the appropriate statistic for the analysis. It is always an assumption underlying
the use of the t statistic that the populations are normally distributed. If sample sizes are
small and the population variances are known, the z statistic can be used if the
populations are normally distributed.
In conducting a t test for the difference of two means from independent

populations, there are two different formulas given in the chapter. One version of this
test uses a "pooled" estimate of the population variance and assumes that the population
variances are equal. The other version does not assume equal population variances and is
simpler to compute. In doing hand calculations, it is generally easier to use the pooled
variance formula because the degrees of freedom formula for the unequal variance
formula is quite complex. However, it is good to expose students to both formulas since
computer software packages often give you the option of using the pooled that assumes
equal population variances or the formula for unequal variances.
A t test is also included for related (non independent) samples. It is important that
the student be able to recognize when two samples are related and when they are
independent. The first portion of section 10.3 addresses this issue. To underscore the
potential difference in the outcome of the two techniques, it is sometimes valuable to
analyze some related measures data with both techniques and demonstrate that the results
and conclusions are usually quite different. You can have your students work problems
like this using both techniques to help them understand the differences between the two
tests (independent and dependent t tests) and the different outcomes they will obtain.
A z test of proportions for two samples is presented here along with an F test for
two population variances. This is a good place to introduce the student to the F
distribution in preparation for analysis of variance in Chapter 11. The student will begin
to understand that the F values have two different degrees of freedom. The F distribution
tables are upper tailed only. For this reason, formula 10.14 is given in the chapter to be
used to compute lower tailed F values for two-tailed tests.
CHAPTER OUTLINE
10.1 Hypothesis Testing and Confidence Intervals about the Difference in Two Means
using the z Statistic (Population Variances Known)
Hypothesis Testing
Confidence Intervals
Using the Computer to Test Hypotheses about the Difference in Two
Population Means Using the z Test
10.2 Hypothesis Testing and Confidence Intervals about the Difference in Two Means:
Independent Samples and Population Variances Unknown
Hypothesis Testing
Using the Computer to Test Hypotheses and Construct Confidence
Intervals about the Difference in Two Population Means Using the t
Test
10.3
Statistical Inferences For Two Related Populations

Hypothesis Testing
Using the Computer to Make Statistical Inferences about Two Related
Populations
10.4
Statistical Inferences About Two Population Proportions, p1- p2

Hypothesis Testing
Using the Computer to Analyze the Difference in Two Proportions
10.5
Testing Hypotheses About Two Population Variances

Using the Computer to Test Hypotheses about Two Population Variances
KEY TERMS
Dependent Samples
F Distribution
F Value
Independent Samples
Matched-Pairs Test
Related Measures
SOLUTIONS TO PROBLEMS IN CHAPTER 10

10.1
Sample 1
x 1 = 51.3
s12 = 52
n1 = 31
a)
Ho:
Ha:
Sample 2
x 2 = 53.2
s22 = 60
n2 = 32
1 - 2 = 0
1 - 2 < 0
For one-tail test, = .10

( x 1 x 2 ) ( 1 2 )
2
+ 2
n1
n2
z =
z.10 = -1.28
=
(51.3 53.2) (0)

52 60
+
31 32
= -1.01
Since the observed z = -1.01 > zc = -1.28, the decision is to fail to reject
the null hypothesis.
b)
Critical value method:

( x 1 x 2 ) c ( 1 2 )
zc =
1 2
+
n1
n2
( x 1 x 2 ) c (0)
-1.28 =
(x1-
c)
52 60
+
31 32
) = -2.41
2 c
The area for z = -1.01 using Table A.5 is .3438.

The p-value is .5000 - .3438 = .1562
10.2
Sample 1
n1 = 32
x 1 = 70.4
1 = 5.76
Sample 2
n2 = 31
x 2 = 68.7
2 = 6.1
For a 90% C.I.,
z.05 = 1.645
2
( x1 x 2 ) z 1 + 2
n1
n2
(70.4) 68.7) + 1.645
5.76 2 6.12
+
32
31
1.7 2.46
-.76 < 1 - 2 < 4.16
10.3
a)
Sample 1
Sample 2
= 88.23
1 = 22.74
n1 = 30
= 81.2
2 = 26.65
n2 = 30
Ho: 1 - 2 = 0
Ha: 1 - 2 0
For two-tail test, use /2 = .01
( x 1 x 2 ) ( 1 2 )
z =
+ 2
n1
n2
z.01 = + 2.33
(88.23 81.2) (0)

22 .74 26.65
+
30
30
= 5.48
Since the observed z = 5.48 > z.01 = 2.33, the decision is to reject the null
hypothesis.
b) ( x1 x 2 ) z 1 + 2
n1
n2
(88.23 81.2) + 2.33
22 .74
26 .65
+
30
30
7.03 + 2.99
4.04 <
< 10.02
This supports the decision made in a) to reject the null hypothesis because
zero is not in the interval.
10.4
Computers/electronics
Food/Beverage
= 1.96
1 = 1.0188
n1 = 50
x
= 3.02
2 = .9180
n2 = 50
x
Ho:
Ha:
1 - 2 = 0
1 - 2 0
For two-tail test, /2 = .005

( x1 x 2 ) ( 1 2 )
z =
1 2
+
n1
n2
2
z.005 = 2.575
(1.96 3.02) (0)
1.0188 0.9180
+
50
50
= -5.39
Since the observed z = -5.39 < zc = -2.575, the decision is to reject the null
hypothesis.
10.5
A
n1 = 40
x 1 = 5.3
12 = 1.99
B
n2 = 37
x 2 = 6.5
22 = 2.36
For a 95% C.I.,
z.025 = 1.96
2
( x1 x 2 ) z 1 + 2
n1
n2
(5.3 6.5) + 1.96
1.99
2.36
+
40
37
-1.86 <
-1.2 .66
< -.54
The results indicate that we are 95% confident that, on average, Plumber B does
between 0.54 and 1.86 more jobs per day than Plumber A. Since zero does not lie
in this interval, we are confident that there is a difference between Plumber A and
Plumber B.
10.6
Managers
n1 = 35
x 1 = 1.84
1 = .38
Specialty
n2 = 41
x 2 = 1.99
2 = .51
for a 98% C.I.,
z.01 = 2.33
2
( x1 x 2 ) z 1 + 2
n1
n2
(1.84 - 1.99) 2.33
.38 2 .512
+
35
41
-.15 .2384
-.3884 < 1 - 2 < .0884
Point Estimate = -.15
Hypothesis Test:
1) Ho: 1 - 2 = 0
Ha: 1 - 2 0
( x 1 x 2 ) ( 1 2 )
2
1 2
+
n1
n2
2) z =
3) = .02
4) For a two-tailed test, z.01 = + 2.33. If the observed z value is greater than 2.33
or less than -2.33, then the decision will be to reject the null hypothesis.
5) Data given above
(1.84 1.99 ) (0)
6) z =
(. 38 ) 2 (. 51) 2
+
35
41
= -1.47
7) Since z = -1.47 > z.01 = -2.33, the decision is to fail to reject the null
hypothesis.
8) There is no significant difference in the hourly rates of the two groups.
10.7
1996
x 1 = 190
1 = 18.50
n1 = 51
2006
x 2 = 198
2 = 15.60
n2 = 47
= .01
H0: 1 - 2 = 0
Ha: 1 - 2 < 0
For a one-tailed test,
z.01 = -2.33
( x 1 x 2 ) ( 1 2 )
z =
1 2
+
n1
n2
2
(190 198) (0)

(18.50) 2 (15.60) 2
+
51
47
= -2.32
Since the observed z = -2.32 > z.01 = -2.33, the decision is to fail to reject the null
hypothesis.
10.8
Seattle
Atlanta
n1 = 31
x 1 = 2.64
12 = .03
n2 = 31
x 2 = 2.36
22 = .015
For a 99% C.I.,
z.005 = 2.575
2
( x1 x 2 ) z 1 + 2
n1
n2
.03 .015
+
31
31
(2.64-2.36) 2.575
.18 <
.28 .10
< .38
Between $ .18 and $ .38 difference with Seattle being more expensive.
10.9
Canon
x 1 = 5.8
1 = 1.7
n1 = 36
Ho:
Ha:
Pioneer
x 2 = 5.0
2 = 1.4
n2 = 45
1 - 2 = 0
1 - 2 0

( x 1 x 2 ) ( 1 2 )
z =
1 2
+
n1
n2
z.025 = 1.96
(5.8 5.0) (0)
(1.7) 2 (1.4)
+
36
45
= 2.27
Since the observed z = 2.27 > zc = 1.96, the decision is to reject the null
hypothesis.
10.10
A
= 8.05
1 = 1.36
n1 = 50
x
B
= 7.26
2 = 1.06
n2 = 38
x
Ho:
Ha:
10
1 - 2 = 0
1 - 2 > 0

( x 1 x 2 ) ( 1 2 )
1 2
+
n1
n2
2
z =
z.10 = 1.28
=
(8.05 7.26) (0)

(1.36) 2 (1.06) 2
+
50
38
= 3.06
hypothesis.
10.11 Ho: 1 - 2 = 0
Ha: 1 - 2 < 0
= .01
df = 8 + 11 - 2 = 17
Sample 1
n1 = 8
x 1 = 24.56
s12 = 12.4
Sample 2
n2 = 11
x 2 = 26.42
s22 = 15.8
Critical t.01,17 = -2.567
( x1 x 2 ) ( 1 2 )
t =
s1 (n1 1) + s 2 (n 2 1)
n1 + n 2 2
1
1
+
n1 n 2
(24 .56 26 .42 ) (0)

12 .4(7) +15 .8(10 ) 1 1
+
8 +11 2
8 11
-1.05
Since the observed t = -1.05 > t.01,19 = -2.567, the decision is to fail to reject the
null hypothesis.
10.12 a)
11
=.10
Ho: 1 - 2 = 0
Ha: 1 - 2 0
df = 20 + 20 - 2 = 38
Sample 1
n1 = 20
x 1 = 118
s1 = 23.9
Sample 2
n2 = 20
x 2 = 113
s2 = 21.6
/2 = .05
For two-tail test,
Critical t.05,38 = 1.697 (used df=30)
( x1 x 2 ) ( 1 2 )
2
t =
s1 (n1 1) + s 2 (n 2 1)
n1 + n 2 2
t =
( 23 .9) (19 ) + (21 .6) 2 (19 )

20 + 20 2
1
1
+
n1 n 2
(118 113 ) (0)

2
1
1
+
20 20
= 0.69
Since the observed t = 0.69 < t.05,38 = 1.697, the decision is to fail to reject
the null hypothesis.
b)
s (n 1) + s 2 (n 2 1) 1
1
( x1 x 2 ) t 1 1
+
=
n1 + n2 2
n1 n2
(118 113) + 1.697
(23 .9) 2 (19 ) + (21 .6) 2 (19 )

20 + 20 2
5 + 12.224
-7.224 <
< 17.224
1
1
+
20 20
10.13
Ho: 1 - 2 = 0
Ha: 1 - 2 > 0
12
= .05
df = n1 + n2 - 2 = 10 + 10 - 2 = 18
Sample 1
n1 = 10
x 1 = 45.38
s1 = 2.357
Sample 2
n2 = 10
x 2 = 40.49
s2 = 2.355
Critical t.05,18 = 1.734
( x1 x 2 ) ( 1 2 )
t =
s1 (n1 1) + s 2 (n 2 1) 1
1
+
n1 + n 2 2
n1 n 2
(45 .38 40 .49 ) (0)
t =
( 2.357 ) 2 (9) + (2.355 ) 2 (9) 1

1
+
10 +10 2
10 10
= 4.64
Since the observed t = 4.64 > t.05,18 = 1.734, the decision is to reject the
null hypothesis.
10.14
=.01
df = 18 + 18 - 2 = 34
Ho: 1 - 2 = 0
Ha: 1 - 2 0
Sample 1
n1 = 18
x 1 = 5.333
s12 = 12
Sample 2
n2 = 18
x 2 = 9.444
s22 = 2.026
Critical t.005,34 = 2.75 (used df=30)
( x 1 x 2 ) ( 1 2 )
t =
t =
s1 (n1 1) + s 2 (n 2 1) 1
1
+
n1 + n 2 2
n1 n 2
(5.333 9.444 ) (0)
12 (17 ) + (2.026 )17 1
1
+
18 +18 2
18 18
= -4.66
Since the observed t = -4.66 < t.005,34 = -2.75, reject the null hypothesis.
b)
13
For 98% confidence, t.01, 30 = 2.457

2
s (n 1) + s 2 (n 2 1) 1
1
( x1 x 2 ) t 1 1
+
=
n1 + n2 2
n1 n2
(5.333 9.444) + 2.457
(12 )(17 ) + (2.026 )(17 )

18 +18 2
1
1
+
18 18
-4.111 + 2.1689
-6.2799 <
10.15
Peoria
n1 = 21
x1 = 116,900
s1 = 2,300
< -1.9421
Evansville
n2 = 26
x 2 = 114,000
s2 = 1,750
90% level of confidence, /2 = .05

2
( x1 x 2 ) t
t .05,45 = 1.684 (used df = 40)
s1 (n1 1) + s 2 (n 2 1) 1
1
=
+
n1 + n2 2
n1 n2
(116,900 114,000) + 1.684
(2300 ) 2 (20 ) + (1750 ) 2 (25 )

21 + 26 2
2,900 + 994.62
1905.38 <
df = 21 + 26 2
< 3894.62
1
1
+
21 26
14
= .10
df = 12 + 12 - 2 = 22
10.16 Ho: 1 - 2 = 0
Ha: 1 - 2 0
Co-op
n1 = 12
x 1 = $15.645
s1 = $1.093
Interns
n2 = 12
x 2 = $15.439
s2 = $0.958

Critical t.05,22 = 1.717
( x 1 x 2 ) ( 1 2 )
t =
s1 (n1 1) + s 2 (n 2 1) 1
1
+
n1 + n 2 2
n1 n 2
(15 .645 15 .439 ) (0)
t =
(1.093 ) 2 (11) + (0.958 ) 2 (11) 1

1
+
12 +12 2
12 12
= 0.49
Since the observed t = 0.49 < t.05,22 = 1.717, the decision is to fail reject the null
hypothesis.
90% Confidence Interval:
2
t.05,22 = 1.717
2
s (n 1) + s 2 (n 2 1) 1
1
( x1 x 2 ) t 1 1
+
=
n1 + n2 2
n1 n2
(15.645 15.439) + 1.717
(1.093 ) 2 (11) + (0.958 ) 2 (11) 1

1
+
12 +12 2
12 12
0.206 + 0.7204
-0.5144 <
< 0.9264
15
10.17 Let Boston be group 1

1)
Ho: 1 - 2 = 0
Ha: 1 - 2 > 0
( x 1 x 2 ) ( 1 2 )
2)
t =
s1 (n1 1) + s 2 (n 2 1) 1
1
+
n1 + n 2 2
n1 n 2
3) = .01
4) For a one-tailed test and df = 8 + 9 - 2 = 15, t.01,15 = 2.602. If the observed
value of t is greater than 2.602, the decision is to reject the null hypothesis.
5) Boston
n1 = 8
x 1 = 47
s1 = 3
Dallas
n2 = 9
x 2 = 44
s2 = 3
(47 44 ) (0)
6)
t =
7(3) 2 + 8(3) 2
15
1 1
+
8 9
= 2.06
7) Since t = 2.06 < t.01,15 = 2.602, the decision is to fail to reject the null
hypothesis.
8) There is no significant difference in rental rates between Boston and Dallas.
10.18
nm = 22
x m = 112
sm = 11
nno = 20
x no = 122
sno = 12
df = nm + nno - 2 = 22 + 20 - 2 = 40
For a 98% Confidence Interval, /2 = .01 and
2
t.01,40 = 2.423
s (n 1) + s 2 (n 2 1) 1
1
( x1 x 2 ) t 1 1
+
=
n1 + n2 2
n1 n2
(112 122) + 2.423
(11) 2 (21) + (12 ) 2 (19 )

22 + 20 2
1
1
+
22 20
16
-10 8.60
-$18.60 < 1 - 2 < -$1.40
Point Estimate = -$10
10.19
Ho: 1 - 2 = 0
Ha: 1 - 2 0
df = n1 + n2 - 2 = 11 + 11 - 2 = 20
Toronto
n1 = 11
x 1 = $67,381.82
s1 = $2,067.28
Mexico City
n2 = 11
x 2 = $63,481.82
s2 = $1,594.25
For a two-tail test, /2 = .005
Critical t.005,20 = 2.845
( x 1 x 2 ) ( 1 2 )
t =
s1 (n1 1) + s 2 (n 2 1) 1
1
+
n1 + n 2 2
n1 n 2
(67 ,381 .82 63,481 .82 ) (0)
t =
(2,067 .28 ) 2 (10 ) + (1,594 .25 ) 2 (10 ) 1

1
+
11 +11 2
11 11
= 4.95
Since the observed t = 4.95 > t.005,20 = 2.845, the decision is to Reject the null
hypothesis.
10.20
Ho: 1 - 2 = 0
Ha: 1 - 2 > 0
df = n1 + n2 - 2 = 9 + 10 - 2 = 17
Men
n1 = 9
x 1 = $110.92
s1 = $28.79
Women
n2 = 10
x 2 = $75.48
s2 = $30.51
This is a one-tail test, = .01
Critical t.01,17 = 2.567
17
( x 1 x 2 ) ( 1 2 )
t =
s1 (n1 1) + s 2 (n 2 1) 1
1
+
n1 + n 2 2
n1 n 2
1. 9 0 2 7 . 45 ) 8 ( 0 )
(1
t =
( 2 . 78 ) 9 ( 8 ) + ( 3 . 50 ) 12 ( 9 )
9 + 1 0 2
2
1
1 = 2.60
+
9 1 0
Since the observed t = 2.60 > t.01,17 = 2.567, the decision is to Reject the null
hypothesis.
10.21 Ho: D = 0
Ha: D > 0
Sample 1
38
27
30
41
36
38
33
35
44
n=9
Sample 2
22
28
21
38
38
26
19
31
35
d
=7.11
d
16
-1
9
3
-2
12
14
4
9
sd=6.45
= .01
df = n - 1 = 9 - 1 = 8
For one-tail test and = .01,
t =
the critical t.01,8 = 2.896
d D 7.11 0
=
sd
6.45 = 3.31
9
n
Since the observed t = 3.31 > t.01,8 = 2.896, the decision is to reject the null
hypothesis.
10.22 Ho:
Ha:
Before
107
99
110
113
96
98
100
102
107
109
104
99
101
18
D=0
D 0
After
102
98
100
108
89
101
99
102
105
110
102
96
100
n = 13
d = 2.5385
df = n - 1 = 13 - 1 = 12
d
5
1
10
5
7
-3
1
0
2
-1
2
3
1
sd=3.4789
For a two-tail test and /2 = .025
= .05
Critical t.025,12 = 2.179
d D 2.5385 0
=
3.4789
t = sd
= 2.63
13
n
hypothesis.
10.23 n = 22
= 40.56
19
sd = 26.58
For a 98% Level of Confidence, /2 = .01, and df = n - 1 = 22 - 1 = 21

t.01,21 = 2.518
d t
sd
n
40.56 (2.518)
26 .58
22
40.56 14.27
26.29 < D < 54.83
10.24
Before
32
28
35
32
26
25
37
16
35
After
40
25
36
32
29
31
39
30
31
d
-8
3
-1
0
-3
-6
-2
-14
4
d = -3
n=9
df = n - 1 = 9 - 1 = 8
sd = 5.6347
For 90% level of confidence and /2 = .05,

t = d t
= .025
t.05,8 = 1.86
sd
n
t = -3 + (1.86) 5.6347
= -3 3.49
-6.49 < D < 0.49

10.25 City
Cost
Resale
Atlanta
Boston
Des Moines
Kansas City
Louisville
Portland
Raleigh-Durham
Reno
Ridgewood
San Francisco
Tulsa
20427
27255
22115
23256
21887
24255
19852
23624
25885
28999
20836
= 1302.82
sd = 4938.22
= .01
d t
sd
n
/2 = .005
25163
24625
12600
24588
19267
20150
22500
16667
26875
35333
16292
20
-4736
2630
9515
-1332
2620
4105
-2648
6957
- 990
-6334
4544
n = 11,
df = 10
t.005,10= 3.169
4938 .22
11
= 1302.82 + 3.169
= 1302.82 + 4718.42
-3415.6 < D < 6021.2
10.26 Ho:
Ha:
D=0
D<0
Before
2
4
1
3
4
2
2
3
1
n=9
After
4
5
3
3
3
5
6
4
5
d
=-1.778
d
-2
-1
-2
0
1
-3
-4
-1
-4
sd=1.716
= .05
For a one-tail test and = .05, the critical t.05,8 = -1.86
df = n - 1 = 9 - 1 = 8
t =
21
d D 1.778 0
=
sd
1.716
= -3.11
9
n
Since the observed t = -3.11 < t.05,8 = -1.86, the decision is to reject the null
hypothesis.
10.27
Before
255
230
290
242
300
250
215
230
225
219
236
n = 11
After
197
225
215
215
240
235
190
240
200
203
223
d
= 28.09
d
58
5
75
27
60
15
25
-10
25
16
13
sd=25.813
df = n - 1 = 11 - 1 = 10
For a 98% level of confidence and /2=.01, t.01,10 = 2.764

d t
sd
n
28.09 (2.764) 25 .813

11
6.58 < D < 49.60
= 28.09 21.51
10.28 H0: D = 0
Ha: D > 0
n = 27
df = 27 1 = 26
22
= 3.17
sd = 5
Since = .01, the critical t.01,26 = 2.479

d D 3.71 0
=
5
t = sd
= 3.86
27
n
hypothesis.
10.29 n = 21
= 75
sd = 30
df = 21 - 1 = 20
For a 90% confidence level, /2=.05 and t.05,20 = 1.725

d t
sd
n
75 + 1.725
30
21
= 75 11.29
63.71 < D < 86.29
10.30 Ho:
Ha:
n = 15
D=0
D 0
d
= -2.85
sd = 1.9
= .01
df = 15 - 1 = 14
For a two-tail test, /2 = .005 and the critical t.005,14 = + 2.977

d D 2.85 0
=
1.9
t = sd
15
n
= -5.81
hypothesis.
10.31 a)
Sample 1
Sample 2
n1 = 368
x1 = 175
p 1 =
p=
23
n2 = 405
x2 = 182
x1 175
=
= .476
n1 368
p 2 =
x 2 182
=
= .449
n2 405
x1 + x 2 175 + 182 357

=
=
= .462
n1 + n 2 368 + 405 773
Ho: p1 - p2 = 0
Ha: p1 - p2 0
For two-tail, /2 = .025 and z.025 = 1.96
z=
( p 1 p 2 ) ( p1 p 2 )
1
1
p q +
n1 n
(. 476 .449 ) (0)

1 = 0.75
1
(. 462 )(. 538 )
+
368 405
Since the observed z = 0.75 < zc = 1.96, the decision is to fail to reject the null
hypothesis.
b)
p=
Ho:
Ha:
Sample 1
1 = .38
p
n1 = 649
Sample 2
2 = .25
p
n2 = 558
n1 p 1 + n2 p 2 649 (.38) + 558 (. 25)

=
= .32
n1 + n2
649 + 558
p1 - p2 = 0
p1 - p2 > 0
For a one-tail test and = .10,

z=
( p 1 p 2 ) ( p1 p 2 )
1
1
p q +
n1 n
z.10 = 1.28
(. 38 .25 ) (0)
1 = 4.83
1
(. 32 )(. 68 )
+
649 558
hypothesis.
10.32
a)
n1 = 85
n2 = 90
= .75
= .67
24
For a 90% Confidence Level, z.05 = 1.645

( p 1 p 2 ) z
p 1 q1 p 2 q 2
+
n1
n2
(. 75 )(. 25 ) (. 67 )(. 33 )
+
= .08 .11
85
90
(.75 - .67) 1.645

-.03 < p1 - p2 < .19
b)
n1 = 1100
n2 = 1300
= .19
= .17
For a 95% Confidence Level, /2 = .025 and z.025 = 1.96

( p 1 p 2 ) z
p 1 q1 p 2 q 2
+
n1
n2
(.19 - .17) + 1.96
(. 19 )(. 81 ) (. 17 )(. 83 )
+
= .02 .03
1100
1300
-.01 < p1 - p2 < .05

c)
n1 = 430
p 1 =
n2 = 399
x1 275
=
= .64
n1 430
x1 = 275
p 2 =
x2 = 275
x 2 275
=
= .69
n 2 399
For an 85% Confidence Level, /2 = .075 and z.075 = 1.44

( p 1 p 2 ) z
p 1 q1 p 2 q 2
+
n1
n2
(.64 - .69) + 1.44
(. 64 )(. 36 ) (. 69 )(. 31 )
+
430
399
-.097 < p1 - p2 < -.003
= -.05 .047
d)
n1 = 1500
p 1 =
n2 = 1500
x1 = 1050
x1 1050
=
= .70
n1 1500
p 2 =
25
x2 = 1100
x 2 1100
=
= .733
n2 1500
For an 80% Confidence Level, /2 = .10 and z.10 = 1.28

p 1 q1 p 2 q 2
+
n1
n2
( p 1 p 2 ) z
(. 70 )(. 30 ) (. 733 )(. 267 )

+
= -.033 .02
1500
1500
(.70 - .733) 1.28
-.053 < p1 - p2 < -.013
10.33 H0: pm - pw = 0
Ha: pm - pw < 0
nm = 374
For a one-tailed test and = .05,

p=
z=
nw = 481
= .59
= .70
z.05 = -1.645
n m p m + n w p w 374 (.59 ) + 481(. 70 )

= .652
=
nm + nw
374 + 481
( p 1 p 2 ) ( p1 p 2 )
1
1
p q +
n1 n
(. 59 .70 ) (0)
1
1
(. 652 )(. 348 )
+
374 481
= -3.35
Since the observed z = -3.35 < z.05 = -1.645, the decision is to reject the null
hypothesis.
10.34 n1 = 210
1 = .24
p
n2 = 176
26
2 = .35
p
For a 90% Confidence Level, /2 = .05 and z.05 = + 1.645

( p 1 p 2 ) z
p 1 q1 p 2 q 2
+
n1
n2
(.24 - .35) + 1.645
(. 24 )(. 76 ) (. 35 )(. 65 )
+
= -.11 + .0765
210
176
-.1865 < p1 p2 < -.0335
10.35 Computer Firms

1 = .48
p
n1 = 56
p=
Ho:
Ha:
Banks
2 = .56
n2 = 89
n1 p 1 + n2 p 2 56 (.48 ) + 89 (.56 )
=
= .529
n1 + n 2
56 + 89
p1 - p2 = 0
p1 - p2 0
For two-tail test, /2 = .10 and zc = 1.28

z=
( p 1 p 2 ) ( p1 p 2 )
1
1
p q +
n1 n
(. 48 .56 ) (0)
1
1
(. 529 )(. 471 )
+
56 89
-0.94
Since the observed z = -0.94 > zc = -1.28, the decision is to fail to reject the null
hypothesis.
10.36
A
n1 = 35
x1 = 5
p 1 =
27
B
n2 = 35
x2 = 7
x1
5
=
= .14
n1 35
p 2 =
x2
7
=
n 2 35
= .20
For a 98% Confidence Level, /2 = .01 and
z.01 = 2.33
p 1 q1 p 2 q 2
+
n1
n2
( p 1 p 2 ) z
(.14 - .20) 2.33
(. 14 )(. 86 ) (. 20 )(. 80 )
+
35
35
= -.06 .21
-.27 < p1 - p2 < .15
10.37 H0: p1 p2 = 0
Ha: p1 p2 0
= .10
= .09
= .06
For a two-tailed test, /2 = .05 and

p=
Z =
n1 = 780
n2 = 915
z.05 = + 1.645
n1 p 1 + n2 p 2 780 (. 09 ) + 915 (.06 )

=
= .0738
n1 + n2
780 + 915
( p 1 p 2 ) ( p1 p 2 )
1
1
p q +
n1 n
(. 09 .06 ) (0)
1
1
(. 0738 )(. 9262 )
+
780 915
= 2.35
hypothesis.
10.38 n1 = 850
n2 = 910
= .60
28
= .52
For a 95% Confidence Level, /2 = .025 and z.025 = + 1.96

p 1 q1 p 2 q 2
+
n1
n2
( p 1 p 2 ) z
(.60 - .52) + 1.96
(. 60 )(. 40 ) (. 52 )(. 48 )
+
= .08 + .046
850
910
.034 < p1 p2 < .126
10.39 H0:
Ha:
2
1
2
1
=
<
= .01
2
2
2
2
dfnum = 12 - 1 = 11
n1 = 10
s12 = 562
2
n2 = 12
s2 = 1013
dfdenom = 10 - 1 = 9
Table F.01,10,9 = 5.26

F =
s2
s1
1013
= 1.80
562
Since the observed F = 1.80 < F.01,10,9 = 5.26, the decision is to fail to reject the
null hypothesis.
10.40 H0:
Ha:
2
1
2
1
= 22
22
dfnum = 5 - 1 = 4
= .05
F =
s2
s1 = 4.68
s2 = 2.78
dfdenom = 19 - 1 = 18
The critical table F values are:
s1
n1 = 5
n2 = 19
F.025,4,18 = 3.61
F.95,18,4 = .277
(4.68) 2
= 2.83
(2.78) 2
null hypothesis.
10.41
City 1
City 2
3.43
3.40
3.39
3.32
3.39
3.38
3.34
3.38
3.38
3.28
3.33
3.42
3.39
3.30
3.46
3.39
3.36
3.44
3.37
3.38
n1 = 10
df1 = 9
n2 = 10
df2 = 9
s12 = .0018989
s22 = .0023378
H0:
Ha:
= .10 /2 = .05
2
1
2
1
= 22
22
29
Upper tail critical F value = F.05,9,9 = 3.18

Lower tail critical F value = F.95,9,9 = 0.314
F =
s1
s2
.0018989
= 0.81
.0023378
Since the observed F = 0.81 is greater than the lower tail critical value of 0.314
and less than the upper tail critical value of 3.18, the decision is to fail
to reject the null hypothesis.
30
10.42 Let Houston = group 1 and Chicago = group 2

1) H0: 12 = 22
Ha: 12 22
2) F =
s1
s2
3) = .01
4) df1 = 12
df2 = 10 This is a two-tailed test
F.005,12,10 = 5.66
F.995,10,12 = .177
If the observed value is greater than 5.66 or less than .177, the decision will be
to reject the null hypothesis.
5) s12 = 393.4
s22 = 702.7
393 .4
= 0.56
702 .7
6) F =
7) Since F = 0.56 is greater than .177 and less than 5.66,

the decision is to fail to reject the null hypothesis.
8) There is no significant difference in the variances of
number of days between Houston and Chicago.
10.43 H0:
Ha:
2
1
2
1
= 22
> 22
dfnum = 12 - 1 = 11
= .05
n1 = 12
s1 = 7.52
n2 = 15 s2 = 6.08
dfdenom = 15 - 1 = 14
The critical table F value is F.05,10,14 = 2.60

F=
s1
s2
(7.52) 2
=
= 1.53
(6.08) 2
null hypothesis.
10.44 H0:
Ha:
2
1
2
1
= 22
22
= .01
dfnum = 15 - 1 = 14
F =
s2
s12 = 91.5
s22 = 67.3
dfdenom = 15 - 1 = 14
s1
n1 = 15
n2 = 15
31
F.005,12,14 = 4.43 F.995,14,12 = .226
91.5
= 1.36
67.3
Since the observed F = 1.36 < F.005,12,14 = 4.43 and > F.995,14,12 = .226, the decision is
to fail to reject the null hypothesis.
10.45 Ho:
Ha:
1 - 2 = 0
1 - 2 0
For = .10 and a two-tailed test, /2 = .05 and z.05 = + 1.645

Sample 1
x 1 = 138.4
1 = 6.71
n1 = 48
Sample 2
x 2 = 142.5
2 = 8.92
n2 = 39
( x 1 x 2 ) ( 1 2 )
z =
+ 2
n1
n2
(138 .4 142 .5) (0)

(6.71) 2 (8.92)
+
48
39
= -2.38
Since the observed value of z = -2.38 is less than the critical value of z = -1.645,
the decision is to reject the null hypothesis. There is a significant difference in
the means of the two populations.
10.46 Sample 1
x 1 = 34.9
12 = 2.97
n1 = 34
32
Sample 2
x 2 = 27.6
22 = 3.50
n2 = 31
For 98% Confidence Level, z.01 = 2.33

2
s
s
( x1 x 2 ) z 1 + 2
n1 n2
(34.9 27.6) + 2.33
6.26 <
2.97 3.50
+
34
31
= 7.3 + 1.04
< 8.34
10.47 Ho: 1 - 2 = 0
Ha: 1 - 2 > 0
Sample 1
x 1= 2.06
s12 = .176
n1 = 12
Sample 2
x 2 = 1.93
s22 = .143
n2 = 15
= .05
This is a one-tailed test with df = 12 + 15 - 2 = 25. The critical value is

t.05,25 = 1.708. If the observed value is greater than 1.708, the decision will be to
reject the null hypothesis.
( x 1 x 2 ) ( 1 2 )
t =
s1 (n1 1) + s 2 (n 2 1) 1
1
+
n1 + n 2 2
n1 n 2
(2.06 1.93 ) (0)
t =
(. 176 )(11) + (. 143 )(14 ) 1

1
+
25
12 15
= 0.85
Since the observed value of t = 0.85 is less than the critical value of t = 1.708, the
decision is to fail to reject the null hypothesis. The mean for population one is
not significantly greater than the mean for population two.
10.48
Sample 1
x 1 = 74.6
s12 = 10.5
n1 = 18
33
Sample 2
x 2 = 70.9
s22 = 11.4
n2 = 19
For 95% confidence, /2 = .025.

Using df = 18 + 19 - 2 = 35, t30,.025 = 2.042
2
s (n 1) + s 2 (n 2 1) 1
1
( x1 x 2 ) t 1 1
+
n1 + n2 2
n1 n2
(74.6 70.9) + 2.042
(10 .5)(17 ) + (11 .4)(18 )

18 +19 2
1
1
+
18 19
3.7 + 2.22
1.48 <
= .01
10.49 Ho: D = 0
Ha: D < 0
n = 21
< 5.92
df = 20
= -1.16
sd = 1.01
The critical t.01,20 = -2.528. If the observed t is less than -2.528, then the decision
will be to reject the null hypothesis.
d D 1.16 0
=
1.01
t = sd
21
n
= -5.26
Since the observed value of t = -5.26 is less than the critical t value of -2.528, the
decision is to reject the null hypothesis. The population difference is less
than zero.
10.50
Respondent
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
Before
47
33
38
50
39
27
35
46
41
After
63
35
36
56
44
29
32
54
47
34
d
-16
-2
2
-6
-5
-2
3
-8
-6
= -4.44
sd = 5.703
df = 8
For a 99% Confidence Level, /2 = .005 and t8,.005 = 3.355
d
d t
sd
= -4.44 + 3.355
5.703
9
= -4.44 + 6.38
-10.82 < D < 1.94
= .05
/2 = .025
z.025 = + 1.96
10.51 Ho: p1 - p2 = 0
Ha: p1 - p2 0
If the observed value of z is greater than 1.96 or less than -1.96, then the decision
Sample 1
x1 = 345
n1 = 783
p=
x1 + x 2 345 + 421
=
= .4562
n1 + n 2 783 + 896
p 1 =
z=
Sample 2
x2 = 421
n2 = 896
x1 345
=
= .4406
n1 783
( p 1 p 2 ) ( p1 p 2 )
1
1
p q +
n1 n
p 2 =
x 2 421
=
= .4699
n 2 896
(. 4406 .4699 ) (0)

1 = -1.20
1
(. 4562 )(. 5438 )
+
783 896
Since the observed value of z = -1.20 is greater than -1.96, the decision is to fail to
reject the null hypothesis. There is no significant difference.
10.52 Sample 1
n1 = 409
1 = .71
p
35
Sample 2
n2 = 378
2 = .67
p

( p 1 p 2 ) z
z.005 = 2.575
p 1 q1 p 2 q 2
+
n1
n2
(.71 - .67) + 2.575
(. 71 )(. 29 ) (. 67 )(. 33 )
+
= .04 .085
409
378
-.045 < p1 - p2 < .125
10.53 H0:
Ha:
2
1
2
1
= 22
22
= .05
n1 = 8
n2 = 10
s12 = 46
s22 = 37
dfnum = 8 - 1 = 7
dfdenom = 10 - 1 = 9
The critical F values are:
F.025,7,9 = 4.20 F.975,9,7 = .238
If the observed value of F is greater than 4.20 or less than .238, then the decision
F =
s1
s2
46
= 1.24
37
Since the observed F = 1.24 is less than F.025,7,9 =4.20 and greater than
F.975,9,7 = .238, the decision is to fail to reject the null hypothesis. There is no
significant difference in the variances of the two populations.
10.54
Term
= $75,000
st = $22,000
nt = 27
x
36
Whole Life
x w = $45,000
sw = $15,500
nw = 29
df = 27 + 29 - 2 = 54
For a 95% Confidence Level, /2 = .025 and t.025,50 = 2.009 (used df=50)
2
( x1 x 2 ) t
s1 (n1 1) + s 2 (n 2 1) 1
1
+
n1 + n2 2
n1 n2
(75,000 45,000) + 2.009
(22 ,000 ) 2 (26 ) + (15 ,500 ) 2 (28 )

27 + 29 2
1
1
+
27 29
30,000 10,160.11
19,839.89 < 1 - 2 < 40,160.11
10.55
Morning
43
51
37
24
47
44
50
55
46
n=9
Afternoon
41
49
44
32
46
42
47
51
49
d
= -0.444
For a 90% Confidence Level:

d t
d
2
2
-7
-8
1
2
3
4
-3
sd =4.447
/2 = .05 and t.05,8 = 1.86
sd
n
-0.444 + (1.86) 4.447

9
-3.201 < D < 2.313
= -0.444 2.757
df = 9 - 1 = 8
10.56 Marketing
n1 = 400
x1 = 220
37
Accountants
n2 = 450
x2 = 216
Ho: p1 - p2 = 0
Ha: p1 - p2 > 0
= .01
The critical table z value is: z.01 = 2.33

1 =
p
p=
z=
220
= .55
400
2 =
p
216
= .48
450
x1 + x 2 220 + 216
=
= .513
n1 + n 2 400 + 450
( p 1 p 2 ) ( p1 p 2 )
1
1
p q +
n1 n
(. 55 .48 ) (0)
1 = 2.04
1
(. 513 )(. 487 )
+
400 450
Since the observed z = 2.04 is less than z.01 = 2.33, the decision is to fail to reject
the null hypothesis. There is no significant difference between marketing
managers and accountants in the proportion who keep track of obligations in
their head.
10.57
Accounting
n1 = 16
x 1 = 26,400
s1 = 1,200
H0:
Ha:
2
1
2
1
Data Entry
n2 = 14
x 2 = 25,800
s2 = 1,050
= 22
22
= .05
and /2 = .025
dfnum = 16 1 = 15
dfdenom = 14 1 = 13
F.025,15,13 = 3.05 F.975,15,13 = 0.33
F =
s1
s2
1,440,000
= 1.31
1,102,500
Since the observed F = 1.31 is less than F.025,15,13 = 3.05 and greater than
F.975,15,13 = 0.33, the decision is to fail to reject the null hypothesis.
10.58
Men
Women
n1 = 60
x 1 = 631
1 = 100
n2 = 41
x 2 = 848
2 = 100
38

2
s
s
( x1 x 2 ) z 1 + 2
n1 n2
(631 848) + 1.96
100 2 100 2
+
60
41
= -217 39.7
-256.7 < 1 - 2 < -177.3
10.59 Ho:
Ha:
= .01
df = 20 + 24 - 2 = 42
1 - 2 = 0
1 - 2 0
Detroit
n1 = 20
x 1 = 17.53
s1 = 3.2
Charlotte
n2 = 24
x 2 = 14.89
s2 = 2.7
For two-tail test, /2 = .005 and the critical t.005,40 = 2.704 (used df=40)
( x1 x 2 ) ( 1 2 )
2
t =
s1 (n1 1) + s 2 (n 2 1) 1
1
+
n1 + n 2 2
n1 n 2
t =
(3.2) (19 ) + (2.7) 2 ( 23 )

42
(17 .53 14 .89 ) (0)

2
1
1
+
20 24
= 2.97
hypothesis.
10.60
With Fertilizer
Without Fertilizer
= 38.4
1 = 9.8
n1 = 35
Ho:
Ha:
39
= 23.1
2 = 7.4
n2 = 35
x
1 - 2 = 0
1 - 2 > 0
For one-tail test, = .01 and z.01 = 2.33

( x1 x 2 ) ( 1 2 )
z =
+ 2
n1
n2
2
(38.4 23.1) (0)

(9.8) 2 (7.4) 2
+
35
35
= 7.37
hypothesis.
10.61
Specialty
n1 = 350
1 = .75
p
Discount
n2 = 500
2 = .52
p

( p 1 p 2 ) z
p 1 q1 p 2 q 2
+
n1
n2
(.75 - .52) + 1.645
.177 < p1 - p2 < .283
(. 75 )(. 25 ) (. 52 )(. 48 )
+
350
500
= .23 .053
10.62 H0:
Ha:
2
1
2
1
= 22
22
dfnum = 6
= .01
n1 = 8
n2 = 7
s12 = 72,909
s22 = 129,569
dfdenom = 7

F =
s1
s2
40
F.005,6,7 = 9.16 F.995,7,6 = .11
129,569
= 1.78
72,909
Since F = 1.78 < F.005,6,7 = 9.16 but also > F.995,7,6 = .11, the decision is to fail to
reject the null hypothesis. There is no difference in the variances of the shifts.
10.63
Name Brand
54
55
59
53
54
61
51
53
n=8
Store Brand
49
50
52
51
50
56
47
49
= 4.5
sd=1.414

d t
sd
n
4.5 + 1.895
1.414
8
3.553 < D < 5.447
= 4.5 .947
d
5
5
7
2
4
5
4
4
df = 8 - 1 = 7
t.05,7 = 1.895
10.64 Ho:
Ha:
41
= .01
df = 23 + 19 - 2 = 40
1 - 2 = 0
1 - 2 < 0
Wisconsin
n1 = 23
x 1 = 69.652
s12 = 9.9644
Tennessee
n2 = 19
x 2 = 71.7368
s22 = 4.6491
For one-tail test, = .01 and the critical t.01,40 = -2.423

( x 1 x 2 ) ( 1 2 )
t =
t =
s1 (n1 1) + s 2 (n 2 1) 1
1
+
n1 + n 2 2
n1 n 2
(69 .652 71 .7368 ) (0)
(9.9644 )( 22 ) + ( 4.6491 )(18 ) 1
1
+
40
23 19
= -2.44
hypothesis.
10.65
Wednesday
71
56
75
68
74
n=5
Ho: D = 0
Ha: D > 0
Friday
53
47
52
55
58
= 15.8
sd = 5.263
d
18
9
23
13
16
df = 5 - 1 = 4
= .05
For one-tail test, = .05 and the critical t.05,4 = 2.132

d D 15 .8 0
=
5.263 = 6.71
t = sd
5
n
hypothesis.
= .05
10.66 Ho: p1 - p2 = 0
Ha: p1 - p2 0
Machine 1
x1 = 38
n1 = 191
p 1 =
Machine 2
x2 = 21
n2 = 202
x1
38
=
= .199
n1 191
p 2 =
x2
21
=
= .104
n2 202
n1 p 1 + n 2 p 2 (.199 )(191) + (.104 )( 202 )

=
= .15
n1 + n 2
191 + 202
p=
For two-tail, /2 = .025 and the critical z values are:

z=
42
( p 1 p 2 ) ( p1 p 2 )
1
1
p q +
n1 n
z.025 = 1.96
(. 199 .104 ) (0)

1 = 2.64
1
(. 15 )(. 85 )
+
191 202
hypothesis.
10.67 Construction
n1 = 338
x1 = 297
p 1 =
Telephone Repair
n2 = 281
x2 = 192
x1 297
=
= .879
n1 338
p 2 =
x 2 192
=
= .683
n2 281

( p 1 p 2 ) z
p 1 q1 p 2 q 2
+
n1
n2
(.879 - .683) + 1.645

.142 < p1 - p2 < .250
(. 879 )(. 121 ) (. 683 )(. 317 )

+
= .196 .054
338
281
10.68
Aerospace
n1 = 33
x 1 = 12.4
1 = 2.9
43
Automobile
n2 = 35
x 2 = 4.6
2 = 1.8

2
( x1 x 2 ) z
1 2
+
n1
n2
( 2.9) 2 (1.8) 2
+
33
35
(12.4 4.6) + 2.575
= 7.8 1.52
6.28 < 1 - 2 < 9.32
10.69
Discount
x 1 = $47.20
1 = $12.45
n1 = 60
Specialty
x 2 = $27.40
2 = $9.82
n2 = 40
= .01
Ho: 1 - 2 = 0
Ha: 1 - 2 0
For two-tail test, /2 = .005 and zc = 2.575

( x 1 x 2 ) ( 1 2 )
z =
+ 2
n1
n2
(47.20 27.40) (0)

(12.45) 2 (9.82) 2
+
60
40
= 8.86
hypothesis.
10.70
Before
12
7
10
16
8
n=5
After
8
3
8
9
5
d
= 4.0
sd = 1.8708
44
d
4
4
2
7
3
df = 5 - 1 = 4
= .01
Ho: D = 0
Ha: D > 0
For one-tail test, = .01 and the critical t.01,4 = 3.747

t =
d D
4.0 0
=
sd
1.8708 = 4.78
5
n
hypothesis.
= .01
df = 10 + 6 - 2 = 14
10.71 Ho: 1 - 2 = 0
Ha: 1 - 2 0
A
n1 = 10
x 1 = 18.3
s12 = 17.122
B___
n2 = 6
x 2 = 9.667
s22 = 7.467
For two-tail test, /2 = .005 and the critical t.005,14 = 2.977

( x1 x 2 ) ( 1 2 )
t =
t =
s1 (n1 1) + s 2 (n 2 1) 1
1
+
n1 + n 2 2
n1 n 2
(18 .3 9.667 ) (0)
(17 .122 )( 9) + (7.467 )( 5) 1
1
+
14
10 6
4.52
hypothesis.
45
10.72 A t test was used to test to determine if Hong Kong has significantly different
rates than Mumbai. Let group 1 be Hong Kong.
Ho:
1 - 2 = 0
Ha:
1 - 2 0
n1 = 19
n2 = 23
s1 = 12.9
s2 = 13.9
= 130.4
x 2 = 128.4
98% C.I. and /2 = .01
t = 0.48 with a p-value of .634 which is not significant at of .05. There is not
enough evidence in these data to declare that there is a difference in the average
rental rates of the two cities.
10.73 H0: D = 0
Ha: D 0
This is a related measures before and after study. Fourteen people were involved
in the study. Before the treatment, the sample mean was 4.357 and after the
treatment, the mean was 5.214. The higher number after the treatment indicates
that subjects were more likely to blow the whistle after having been through the
treatment. The observed t value was 3.12 which was more extreme than twotailed table t value of + 2.16 and as a result, the researcher rejects the null
hypothesis. This is underscored by a p-value of .0081 which is less than = .05.
The study concludes that there is a significantly higher likelihood of blowing the
whistle after the treatment.
10.74 The point estimates from the sample data indicate that in the northern city the
market share is .31078 and in the southern city the market share is .27013. The
point estimate for the difference in the two proportions of market share are .
04065. Since the 99% confidence interval ranges from -.03936 to +.12067 and
zero is in the interval, any hypothesis testing decision based on this interval would
result in failure to reject the null hypothesis. Alpha is .01 with a two-tailed test.
This is underscored by an observed z value of 1.31 which has an associated pvalue of .191 which, of course, is not significant for any of the usual values of .
46
10.75 A test of differences of the variances of the populations of the two machines is
being computed. The hypotheses are:
H0:
Ha:
2
1
2
1
=
>
2
2
2
2
Twenty-six pipes were measured for sample one and twenty-eight pipes were
measured for sample two. The observed F = 2.0575 is significant at = .05 for a
one-tailed test since the associated p-value is .034787. The variance of pipe
lengths for machine 1 is significantly greater than the variance of pipe lengths for
machine 2.

Ken Black QA 5th Chapter 10 Solution

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Chapter 10: Statistical Inferences About Two Populations

CHAPTER TEACHING STRATEGY

Chapter 10: Statistical Inferences About Two Populations

In conducting a t test for the difference of two means from independent

Chapter 10: Statistical Inferences About Two Populations

Statistical Inferences For Two Related Populations

Statistical Inferences About Two Population Proportions, p1- p2

Testing Hypotheses About Two Population Variances

Chapter 10: Statistical Inferences About Two Populations

SOLUTIONS TO PROBLEMS IN CHAPTER 10

For one-tail test, = .10

(51.3 53.2) (0)

Critical value method:

The area for z = -1.01 using Table A.5 is .3438.

Chapter 10: Statistical Inferences About Two Populations

For a 90% C.I.,

(88.23 81.2) (0)

Chapter 10: Statistical Inferences About Two Populations

For two-tail test, /2 = .005

Chapter 10: Statistical Inferences About Two Populations

For a 95% C.I.,

for a 98% C.I.,

Chapter 10: Statistical Inferences About Two Populations

(190 198) (0)

Chapter 10: Statistical Inferences About Two Populations

For a 99% C.I.,

For two-tail test, /2 = .025

Chapter 10: Statistical Inferences About Two Populations

For one-tail test, = .10

(8.05 7.26) (0)

For one-tail test, = .01

Critical t.01,17 = -2.567

(24 .56 26 .42 ) (0)

Chapter 10: Statistical Inferences About Two Populations

For two-tail test,

Critical t.05,38 = 1.697 (used df=30)

( 23 .9) (19 ) + (21 .6) 2 (19 )

(118 113 ) (0)

(23 .9) 2 (19 ) + (21 .6) 2 (19 )

Chapter 10: Statistical Inferences About Two Populations

For one-tail test, = .05

Critical t.05,18 = 1.734

(45 .38 40 .49 ) (0)

( 2.357 ) 2 (9) + (2.355 ) 2 (9) 1

For two-tail test, /2 = .005

Critical t.005,34 = 2.75 (used df=30)

Chapter 10: Statistical Inferences About Two Populations

For 98% confidence, t.01, 30 = 2.457

(12 )(17 ) + (2.026 )(17 )

90% level of confidence, /2 = .05

t .05,45 = 1.684 (used df = 40)

(116,900 114,000) + 1.684

(2300 ) 2 (20 ) + (1750 ) 2 (25 )

Chapter 10: Statistical Inferences About Two Populations

For two-tail test, /2 = .05

(15 .645 15 .439 ) (0)

(1.093 ) 2 (11) + (0.958 ) 2 (11) 1

(1.093 ) 2 (11) + (0.958 ) 2 (11) 1

Chapter 10: Statistical Inferences About Two Populations

10.17 Let Boston be group 1

(11) 2 (21) + (12 ) 2 (19 )

Chapter 10: Statistical Inferences About Two Populations