1elevlslon ls cerLalnly one of Lhe mosL lnfluenLlal forces of our Llme 1hrough

Lhe devlce called a te|ev|s|on set or 1V you are able Lo recelve news sporLs
enLerLalnmenL lnformaLlon and commerclals 1he average Amerlcan spends
beLween Lwo and flve hours a day glued Lo Lhe Lube!
Pave you ever wondered abouL Lhe Lechnology LhaL makes Lelevlslon posslble?
Pow ls lL LhaL dozens or hundreds of channels of fullmoLlon vldeo arrlve aL
your house ln many cases for free? Pow does your Lelevlslon decode Lhe
slgnals Lo produce Lhe plcLure? Pow wlll Lhe new dlglLal Lelevlslonslgnals
change Lhlngs? lf you have ever wondered abouL your Lelevlslon (or for LhaL
maLLer abouL your compuLer monlLor) Lhen read on! ln Lhls arLlcle well
answer all of Lhese quesLlons and more See Lhe nexL page Lo geL sLarLed
1V |xe|s and our 8ra|n
LeLs sLarL aL Lhe beglnnlng wlLh a qulck noLe abouL your braln 1here are Lwo
amazlng Lhlngs abouL your braln LhaL make Lelevlslon posslble 8y
undersLandlng Lhese Lwo facLs you galn a good blL of lnslghL lnLo why
Lelevlslons are deslgned Lhe way Lhey are
SLarL by waLchlng Lhe followlng vldeo cllp Slmply cllck on Lhe plcLure and aL
Lhe dlalog LhaL appears selecL Lhe Cpen opLlon

C||ck here to down|oad the 1Ssecond fu||mot|on
vers|on
of th|s f||e (3S0k8)
1hls ls a sLandard plece of home vldeo showlng a happy baby playlng wlLh a
Loy lL ls encoded as an MLC flle so LhaL you can vlew lL on your compuLer
and lL embodles Lhe Lwo prlnclples LhaL make 1v posslble
1he flrsL prlnclple ls Lhls If you d|v|de a st||| |mage |nto a co||ect|on of sma||
co|ored dots your bra|n w||| reassemb|e the dots |nto a mean|ngfu|
|mage 1hls ls no small feaL as any researcher who has Lrled Lo program a
compuLer Lo undersLand lmages wlll Lell you 1he only way we can see LhaL Lhls
ls acLually happenlng ls Lo blow Lhe doLs up so blg LhaL our bralns can no longer
assemble Lhem llke Lhls

MosL people slLLlng rlghL up close Lo Lhelr compuLer screens cannoL Lell whaL
Lhls ls a plcLure of Lhe doLs are Loo blg for your braln Lo handle lf you sLand
10 Lo 13 feeL away from your monlLor however your braln wlll be able Lo
assemble Lhe doLs ln Lhe lmage and you wlll clearly see LhaL lL ls Lhe babys
face 8y sLandlng aL a dlsLance Lhe doLs become small enough for your braln Lo
lnLegraLe Lhem lnLo a recognlzable lmage
8oLh Lelevlslons and compuLer screens (as well as newspaper and magazlne
phoLos) rely on Lhls fuslonofsmallcolourdoLs capablllLy ln Lhe human braln
Lo chop plcLures up lnLo Lhousands of lndlvldual elemenLs Cn a 1v or
compuLer screen Lhe doLs are called |xe|s 1he resoluLlon of your compuLers
screen mlghL be 800x600 plxels or maybe 1024x768 plxels
1V Mot|on and our 8ra|n
1he human bralns second amazlng feaLure relaLlng Lo Lelevlslon ls Lhls lf you
dlvlde a movlng scene lnLo asequence of st||| |ctures and show Lhe sLlll
lmages ln ra|d success|on Lhe braln wlll reassemb|e Lhe sLlll lmages lnLo
a s|ng|e mov|ng scene 1ake for example Lhese four frames from Lhe example
vldeo

1

2

3

4
Lach one of Lhese lmages ls sllghLly dlfferenL from Lhe nexL lf you look
carefully aL Lhe babys lefL fooL (Lhe fooL LhaL ls vlslble) you wlll see LhaL lL ls
rlslng ln Lhese four frames 1he Loy also moves forward very sllghLly 8y puLLlng
LogeLher 13 or more subLly dlfferenL frames per second Lhe braln lnLegraLes
Lhem lnLo a movlng scene llfLeen per second ls abouL Lhe mlnlmum posslble
any fewer Lhan LhaL and lL looks [erky
When you download and waLch Lhe MLC flle offered aL Lhe beglnnlng of Lhls
secLlon you see boLh of Lhese processes aL work slmulLaneously ?our braln ls
fuslng Lhe doLs of each lmage LogeLher Lo form sLlll lmages and Lhen fuslng Lhe
separaLe sLlll lmages LogeLher lnLo a movlng scene WlLhouL Lhese Lwo
capablllLles 1v as we know lL would noL be posslble
1he Cathode kay 1ube
AlmosL all 1vs ln use Loday rely on a devlce known as Lhe cathode ray tube
or Ck1 Lo dlsplay Lhelr lmages LCus and plasma dlsplays are someLlmes seen
buL Lhey are sLlll rare when compared Lo C81s lL ls even posslble Lo make a
Lelevlslon screen ouL of Lhousands of ordlnary 60waLL llghL bulbs! ?ou may
have seen someLhlng llke Lhls aL an ouLdoor evenL llke a fooLball game LeLs
sLarL wlLh Lhe C81 however because C81s are Lhe mosL common way of
dlsplaylng lmages Loday


1he Lerms anode and cathode are used ln elecLronlcs as synonyms for poslLlve
and negaLlve Lermlnals lor example you could refer Lo Lhe poslLlve Lermlnal
of a baLLery as Lhe anode and Lhe negaLlve Lermlnal as Lhe caLhode
ln a caLhode ray Lube Lhe caLhode ls a heaLed fllamenL (noL unllke
Lhe fllamenL ln a normal llghL bulb) 1he heaLed fllamenL ls ln a vacuum creaLed
lnslde a glass Lube 1he ray ls a sLream of elecLrons LhaL naLurally pour off a
heaLed caLhode lnLo Lhe vacuum
LlecLrons are negaLlve 1he anode ls poslLlve so lL aLLracLs Lhe elecLrons
pourlng off Lhe caLhode ln a 1vs caLhode ray Lube Lhe sLream of elecLrons ls
focused by a focuslng anode lnLo a LlghL beam and Lhen acceleraLed by an
acceleraLlng anode 1hls LlghL hlghspeed beam of elecLrons flles Lhrough Lhe
vacuum ln Lhe Lube and hlLs Lhe flaL screen aL Lhe oLher end of Lhe Lube 1hls
screen ls coaLed wlLh phosphor whlch glows when sLruck by Lhe beam
Ins|de a Ck1
As you can see ln Lhe below drawlng Lheres noL a whole loL Lo a baslc caLhode
ray Lube


1here ls a caLhode and a palr (or more) of anodes 1here ls Lhe phosphor
coaLed screen 1here ls a conducLlve coaLlng lnslde Lhe Lube Lo soak up Lhe
elecLrons LhaL plle up aL Lhe screenend of Lhe Lube Powever ln Lhls dlagram
you can see no way Lo sLeer Lhe beam Lhe beam wlll always land ln a Llny
doL rlghL ln Lhe cenLer of Lhe screen
1haLs why lf you look lnslde any 1v seL you wlll flnd LhaL Lhe Lube ls wrapped
ln colls of wlres Cn Lhe nexL page youll geL a good vlew of sLeerlng colls
1V Steer|ng Co||s
1he followlng plcLures glve you Lhree dlfferenL vlews of a Lyplcal seL of steer|ng
co||s


(Note the |arge b|ack e|ectrode hooked to the tube
near the screen |t |s connected |nterna||y to the
conduct|ve coat|ng)

1he sLeerlng colls are slmply copper wlndlngs (see Pow LlecLromagneLs
Work for deLalls on colls) 1hese colls are able Lo creaLe magnet|c f|e|ds lnslde
Lhe Lube and Lhe elecLron beam responds Lo Lhe flelds Cne seL of colls creaLes
a magneLlc fleld LhaL moves Lhe elecLron beam verLlcally whlle anoLher seL
moves Lhe beam horlzonLally 8y conLrolllng Lhe volLages ln Lhe colls you can
poslLlon Lhe elecLron beam aL any polnL on Lhe screen
1V hoshors

|ectr|ca| f|e|ds may cause a |arge number of ghost s|ght|ngs Learn about
e|ectr|ca| f|e|ds and f|nd out how e|ectr|ca| f|e|ds re|ate to ghosts
A hoshor ls any maLerlal LhaL when exposed Lo radlaLlon emlLs vlslble llghL
1he radlaLlon mlghL be ulLravloleL llghL or a beam of elecLrons Any fluorescenL
color ls really a phosphor fluorescenL colors absorb lnvlslble ulLravloleL llghL
and emlL vlslble llghL aL a characLerlsLlc color
ln a C81 phosphor coaLs Lhe lnslde of Lhe screen When Lhe elecLron beam
sLrlkes Lhe phosphor lL makes Lhe screen glow ln a blackandwhlLe screen
Lhere ls one phosphor LhaL glows whlLe when sLruck ln a color screen Lhere
are Lhree phosphors arranged as doLs or sLrlpes LhaL emlL red green and blue
llghL 1here are also Lhree elecLron beams Lo lllumlnaLe Lhe Lhree dlfferenL
colors LogeLher
1here are Lhousands of dlfferenL phosphors LhaL have been formulaLed 1hey
are characLerlzed by Lhelr emlsslon color and Lhe lengLh of Llme emlsslon lasLs
afLer Lhey are exclLed

1he 8|ackandWh|te 1V S|gna|
ln a blackandwhlLe 1v Lhe screen ls coaLed wlLh whlLe phosphor and Lhe
elecLron beam palnLs an lmage onLo Lhe screen by movlng Lhe elecLron beam
across Lhe phosphor a llne aL a Llme 1o palnL Lhe enLlre screen elecLronlc
clrculLs lnslde Lhe 1v use Lhe magneLlc colls Lo move Lhe elecLron beam ln a
raster scan paLLern across and down Lhe screen 1he beam palnLs one llne
across Lhe screen from lefL Lo rlghL lL Lhen qulckly flles back Lo Lhe lefL slde
moves down sllghLly and palnLs anoLher horlzonLal llne and so on down Lhe
screen llke Lhls

ln Lhls flgure Lhe blue llnes represenL llnes LhaL Lhe elecLron beam ls palnLlng
on Lhe screen from lefL Lo rlghL whlle Lhe red dashed llnes represenL Lhe beam
flylng back Lo Lhe lefL When Lhe beam reaches Lhe rlghL slde of Lhe boLLom
llne lL has Lo move back Lo Lhe upper lefL corner of Lhe screen as represenLed
by Lhe green llne ln Lhe flgure When Lhe beam ls palnLlng lL ls on and when
lL ls flylng back lL ls off so LhaL lL does noL leave a Lrall on Lhe screen 1he
Lerm hor|zonta| retrace ls used Lo refer Lo Lhe beam movlng back Lo Lhe lefL aL
Lhe end of each llne whlle Lhe Lerm vert|ca| retrace refers Lo lLs movemenL
from boLLom Lo Lop
As Lhe beam palnLs each llne from lefL Lo rlghL Lhe lnLenslLy of Lhe beam ls
changed Lo creaLe dlfferenL shades of black gray and whlLe across Lhe screen
8ecause Lhe llnes are spaced very closely LogeLher your braln lnLegraLes Lhem
lnLo a slngle lmage A 1v screen normally has abouL 480 llnes vlslble from Lop
Lo boLLom ln Lhe nexL secLlon youll flnd ouL how Lhe 1v palnLs Lhese llnes
on Lhe screen
a|nt|ng the 1V Screen
SLandard 1vs use an |nter|ac|ng Lechnlque when palnLlng Lhe screen ln Lhls
Lechnlque Lhe screen ls palnLed 60 Llmes per second buL only half of Lhe llnes
are palnLed per frame 1he beam palnLs every oLher llne as lL moves down Lhe
screen for example every oddnumbered llne 1hen Lhe nexL Llme lL moves
down Lhe screen lL palnLs Lhe evennumbered llnes alLernaLlng back and forLh
beLween evennumbered and oddnumbered llnes on each pass 1he enLlre
screen ln Lwo passes ls palnLed 30 Llmes every second 1he alLernaLlve Lo
lnLerlaclng ls calledrogress|ve scann|ng whlch palnLs every llne on Lhe screen
60 Llmes per second MosL compuLer monlLors use progresslve scannlng
because lL slgnlflcanLly reduces fllcker
8ecause Lhe elecLron beam ls palnLlng all 323 llnes 30 Llmes per second lL
palnLs a LoLal of 13730 llnes per second (Some people can acLually hear Lhls
frequency as a very hlghplLched sound emlLLed when Lhe Lelevlslon ls on)
When a Lelevlslon sLaLlon wanLs Lo broadcasL a slgnal Lo your 1v or when
your vC8 wanLs Lo dlsplay Lhe movle on a vldeo Lape on your 1v Lhe slgnal
needs Lo mesh wlLh Lhe elecLronlcs conLrolllng Lhe beam so LhaL Lhe 1v can
accuraLely palnL Lhe plcLure LhaL Lhe 1v sLaLlon or vC8 sends 1he 1v sLaLlon or
vC8 Lherefore sends a wellknown slgnal Lo Lhe 1v LhaL conLalns Lhree
dlfferenL parLs
O Intens|ty |nformat|on for Lhe beam as lL palnLs each llne
O or|zonta|retrace s|gna|s Lo Lell Lhe 1v when Lo move Lhe beam back aL
Lhe end of each llne
O Vert|ca|retrace s|gna|s 60 Llmes per second Lo move Lhe beam from
boLLomrlghL Lo LoplefL

Comos|te V|deo S|gna|
A slgnal LhaL conLalns all Lhree of Lhese componenLs lnLenslLy lnformaLlon
horlzonLalreLrace slgnals and verLlcalreLrace slgnals ls called a comos|te
v|deo s|gna| A composlLevldeo lnpuL on a vC8 ls normally a yellow 8CA [ack
Cne llne of a Lyplcal composlLe vldeo slgnal looks someLhlng llke Lhls

1he horlzonLalreLrace slgnals are 3mlcrosecond (abbrevlaLed as us ln Lhe
flgure) u|ses aL zero volLs LlecLronlcs lnslde Lhe 1v can deLecL Lhese pulses
and use Lhem Lo Lrlgger Lhe beams horlzonLal reLrace 1he acLual slgnal for Lhe
llne ls a varylng wave beLween 03 volLs and 20 volLs wlLh 03 volLs
represenLlng black and 2 volLs represenLlng whlLe 1hls slgnal drlves Lhe
lnLenslLy clrculL for Lhe elecLron beam ln a blackandwhlLe 1v Lhls slgnal can
consume abouL 33 megaherLz (MPz) of bandwldLh whlle ln a color seL Lhe
llmlL ls abouL 30 MPz
A verLlcalreLrace pulse ls slmllar Lo a horlzonLalreLrace pulse buL ls 400 Lo 300
mlcroseconds long 1he verLlcalreLrace pulse ls serrated wlLh horlzonLal
reLrace pulses ln order Lo keep Lhe horlzonLalreLrace clrculL ln Lhe 1v
synchronlzed

Co|or 1V Screen
A color 1v screen dlffers from a blackandwhlLe screen ln Lhree ways
O 1here are Lhree elecLron beams LhaL move slmulLaneously across Lhe
screen 1hey are named Lhe red green and blue beams
O 1he screen ls noL coaLed wlLh a slngle sheeL of phosphor as ln a black
andwhlLe 1v lnsLead Lhe screen ls coaLed wlLh red green and blue
phosphors arranged ln doLs or sLrlpes lf you Lurn on your 1v or compuLer
monlLor and look closely aL Lhe screen wlLh a magnlfylng glass you wlll
be able Lo see Lhe doLs or sLrlpes
O Cn Lhe lnslde of Lhe Lube very close Lo Lhe phosphor coaLlng Lhere ls a
Lhln meLal screen called ashadow mask 1hls mask ls perforaLed wlLh very
small holes LhaL are allgned wlLh Lhe phosphor doLs (or sLrlpes) on Lhe
screen
1he followlng flgure shows how Lhe shadow mask works


When a color 1v needs Lo creaLe a red doL lL flres Lhe red beam aL Lhe red
phosphor Slmllarly for green and blue doLs 1o creaLe a whlLe doL red green
and blue beams are flred slmulLaneously Lhe Lhree colors mlx LogeLher Lo
creaLe whlLe 1o creaLe a black doL all Lhree beams are Lurned off as Lhey scan
pasL Lhe doL All oLher colors on a 1v screen are comblnaLlons of red green
and blue
ln Lhe nexL secLlon youll learn abouL Lhe color 1v slgnal

Co|or 1V S|gna|
A color 1v slgnal sLarLs off looklng [usL llke a blackandwhlLe slgnal An
exLra chrom|nance slgnal ls added by superlmposlng a 3379343 MPz slne
wave onLo Lhe sLandard blackandwhlLe slgnal 8lghL afLer Lhe horlzonLal sync
pulse elghL cycles of a 3379343 MPz slne wave are added as a co|or burst

lollowlng Lhese elghL cycles a hase sh|ft ln Lhe chromlnance slgnal lndlcaLes
Lhe color Lo dlsplay 1he ampllLude of Lhe slgnal deLermlnes Lhe saLuraLlon 1he
followlng Lable shows you Lhe relaLlonshlp beLween color and phase
Co|or hase
8ursL 0 degrees
?ellow 13 degrees
8ed 73 degrees
MagenLa 133 degrees
8lue 193 degrees
Cyan 233 degrees
Creen 313 degrees

A blackandwhlLe 1v fllLers ouL and lgnores Lhe chromlnance slgnal A color 1v
plcks lL ouL of Lhe slgnal and decodes lL along wlLh Lhe normal lnLenslLy slgnal
Lo deLermlne how Lo modulaLe Lhe Lhree color beams

1V 8roadcasts
-ow you are famlllar wlLh a sLandard composlLe vldeo slgnal -oLe LhaL we
have noL menLloned sound lf your vC8 has a yellow composlLevldeo [ack
youve probably noLlced LhaL Lhere are separaLe sound [acks rlghL nexL Lo lL
Sound and vldeo are compleLely separaLe ln an analog 1v
?ou are probably famlllar wlLh flve dlfferenL ways Lo geL a slgnal lnLo your 1v
seL
O 8roadcasL programmlng recelved Lhrough an anLenna
O vC8 or uvu player LhaL connecLs Lo Lhe anLenna Lermlnals
O Cable 1v arrlvlng ln a seLLop box LhaL connecLs Lo Lhe anLenna Lermlnals
O Large (6 Lo 12 feeL) saLelllLedlsh anLenna arrlvlng ln a seLLop box LhaL
connecLs Lo Lhe anLenna Lermlnals
O Small (1 Lo 2 feeL) saLelllLedlsh anLenna arrlvlng ln a seLLop box LhaL
connecLs Lo Lhe anLenna Lermlnals
1he flrsL four slgnals use sLandard -1SC analog waveforms as descrlbed ln Lhe
prevlous secLlons As a sLarLlng polnL leLs look aL how normal broadcasL
slgnals arrlve aL your house
A Lyplcal 1v slgnal as descrlbed above requlres 4 MPz of bandwldLh 8y Lhe
Llme you add ln sound someLhlng called a vest|g|a| s|deband and a llLLle buffer
space a 1v slgnal requlres 6 MPz of bandwldLh 1herefore Lhe lCC allocaLed
Lhree bands of frequencles ln Lhe radlo specLrum chopped lnLo 6MPz sllces
Lo accommodaLe 1v channels
O 34 Lo 88 MPz for channels 2 Lo 6
O 174 Lo 216 MPz for channels 7 Lhrough 13
O 470 Lo 890 MPz for uPl channels 14 Lhrough 83
1he composlLe 1v slgnal descrlbed ln Lhe prevlous secLlons can be broadcasL Lo
your house on any avallable channel 1he composlLe vldeo slgnal ls ampllLude
modulaLed lnLo Lhe approprlaLe frequency and Lhen Lhe sound ls frequency
modulaLed (+/ 23 kPz) as a separaLe slgnal llke Lhls



1o Lhe lefL of Lhe vldeo carrler ls Lhe vesLlglal lower sldeband (073 MPz) and
Lo Lhe rlghL ls Lhe full upper sldeband (4 MPz) 1he sound slgnal ls cenLered on
373 MPz As an example a program LransmlLLed on channel 2 has lLs vldeo
carrler aL 3323 MPz and lLs sound carrler aL 3973 MPz 1he Luner ln your 1v
when Luned Lo channel 2 exLracLs Lhe composlLe vldeo slgnal and Lhe sound
slgnal from Lhe radlo waves LhaL LransmlLLed Lhem Lo Lhe anLenna

VCk and Cab|e S|gna|s
VCks are essenLlally Lhelr own llLLle 1v sLaLlons AlmosL all vC8s have a swlLch
on Lhe back LhaL allows you Lo selecL channel 3 or 4 1he vldeo Lape conLalns a
composlLe vldeo slgnal and a separaLe sound slgnal 1he vC8 has a clrculL
lnslde LhaL Lakes Lhe vldeo and sound slgnals off Lhe Lape and Lurns Lhem lnLo a
slgnal LhaL Lo Lhe 1v looks [usL llke Lhe broadcasL slgnal for channel 3 or 4
1he cable ln cab|e 1V conLalns a large number of channels LhaL are LransmlLLed
on Lhe cable ?our cable provlder could slmply modulaLe Lhe dlfferenL cable1v
programs onLo all of Lhe normal frequencles and LransmlL LhaL Lo your house
vla Lhe cable Lhen Lhe Luner ln your 1v would accepL Lhe slgnal and you would
noL need a cable box unforLunaLely LhaL approach would make LhefL of cable
servlces very easy so Lhe slgnals are encoded ln funny ways 1he seLLop box ls
a decoder ?ou selecL Lhe channel on lL lL decodes Lhe rlghL slgnal and Lhen
does Lhe same Lhlng a vC8 does Lo LransmlL Lhe slgnal Lo Lhe 1v on channel 3
or 4

Sate|||te 1V S|gna|s
Larged|sh sate|||te antennas plck off unencoded or
encoded slgnals belng beamed Lo LarLh by saLelllLes
llrsL you polnL Lhe dlsh Lo a parLlcular saLelllLe and
Lhen you selecL a parLlcular channel lL ls
LransmlLLlng 1he seLLop box recelves Lhe slgnal
decodes lL lf necessary and Lhen sends lL Lo channel
3 or 4
Sma||d|sh sate|||te systems are dlglLal 1he 1v
programs are encoded lnMLC2 formaL and
LransmlLLed Lo LarLh 1he seLLop box does a loL of

hoLo courLesy ulrec1v
Sma||d|sh sate|||te
system
work Lo decode MLC2 Lhen converLs lL Lo a sLandard analog 1v slgnal and
sends lL Lo your 1v on channel 3 or 4 See Pow SaLelllLe 1v Works Lo learn
more






|g|ta| 1V
1he laLesL buzz ls d|g|ta| 1V also known as u1v or Pu1v (hlghdeflnlLlon 1v)
u1v uses MLC2 encodlng [usL llke Lhe saLelllLe sysLems do buL dlglLal 1v
allows a varleLy of new larger screen formaLs

hoLo courLesy Sony LlecLronlcs
Sony Wega 42 k8k |asma 1V w|th bu||t|n 1V
tuner
1he formaLs lnclude
O 480 640x480 plxels progresslve
O 20 1280x720 plxels progresslve
O 1080| 1920x1080 plxels lnLerlaced
O 1080 1920x1080 plxels progresslve
A dlglLal 1v decodes Lhe MLC2 slgnal and dlsplays lL [usL llke a compuLer
monlLor does glvlng lL lncredlble resoluLlon and sLablllLy 1here ls also a wlde
range of seLLop boxes LhaL can decode Lhe dlglLal slgnal and converL lL Lo
analog Lo dlsplay lL on a normal 1v lor more lnformaLlon check ouL Pow
ulglLal 1elevlslon Works

Mon|tors vs 1Vs
?our compuLer probably has a VGA mon|tor LhaL looks a loL llke a 1v buL ls
smaller has a loL more plxels and has a much crlsper dlsplay 1he C81 and
elecLronlcs ln a monlLor are much more preclse Lhan ls requlred ln a 1v a
compuLer monlLor needs hlgher resoluLlons ln addlLlon Lhe plug on a vCA
monlLor ls noL accepLlng a composlLe slgnal a vCA plug separaLes ouL all of
Lhe slgnals so Lhey can be lnLerpreLed by Lhe monlLor more preclsely Peres a
Lyplcal vCA plnouL
O pln 1 8ed vldeo
O pln 2 Creen vldeo
O pln 3 8lue vldeo
O pln 4 Cround
O pln 3 Self LesL
O pln 6 8ed ground
O pln 7 Creen ground
O pln 8 8lue ground
O pln 9 -o pln
O pln 10 ulglLal ground
O pln 11 8eserved
O pln 12 8eserved
O pln 13 PorlzonLal sync
O pln 14 verLlcal sync
O pln 13 8eserved
1hls Lable makes Lhe polnL LhaL Lhe slgnals for Lhe Lhree beams as well as boLh
horlzonLal and verLlcal sync slgnals are all LransmlLLed separaLely See Pow
CompuLer MonlLors Work for deLalls
lor more lnformaLlon on Lelevlslon dlsplay Lypes and relaLed Loplcs check ouL
Lhe llnks on Lhe nexL page