Documentos de Académico
Documentos de Profesional
Documentos de Cultura
China
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Dr.
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CONTENTS
lrtT §
Preface' . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. (I
A t?!U[' m
Introduction
to Main Characters
In
the Text
.. .. .. .. .... .. ......
......
......
....
(1)
~ il Lesson 1 t*X
Text New Words Notes
1m~T ,
"
3)
Pronunciation
F''-'d-
Drills
c±-JIL
Initials: Finals:
b a
P
0
m
e
n i
u
h U
00
tf~-£J:
en
ie in ing uo
Practice
Greetings Phonetics
1.
2. 3. 4,
F -£J: fQ ~ ,btif~®!
Flj.'f] -=F~lj.'f]
-£J: Tones
Initials
Pronunciation
Third-tone Spelling
sandhi rules
5.
mE] j;]!J11J
order in Chinese
sentences
Chinese
~- il Lesson 2
Text New Words Notes
ftJfll't.~~
(14)
E3L
s -/,--
f'* )]
Pronunciation
Drills
Initials: Finals:
ei ou
an
Practice
ong
eng
ioo iou(-iu)
Conversation Greetings
wants
1
Phonetics
1.
2.
3.
key
predicate
"Yes-no"
"m?J"
W;.=. il
tJ),(
Lesson 3
Text New Words Notes
ftili~ P~B00A
(24)
!±. iPJ
ff~
Drills
zh -i h.l
ch oi
sh uoi ong
~115r%).j Conversation Practice iA 1§'A Identifying people 1'6]OO~i Asking someone's .nationality Ji. i!-tr Phonetics 1. =fir5tiftil Third-tone sandhi
2. 3.
":;f"i¥J5tiffiJ
of key
":;f"
jt-tr~~J!
'¥J.. '¥
/,.
Chinese
m I2IIil
iJ),( !±. iPJ
Lesson 4
Text New Words Notes
iA iR 1~fIR~ ~
(36 )
Drills
1f~-a
j io
ian
iong
Practice
uei(-ui)
uen(-un)
ue
uon
[9. ~
115r%).j
Conversation
W*ft iq:
v:
1. 2.
2
1'6]~i:g Asking someone's name Introducing oneself i§ftfr-ffl Phonetics i!-tr Pronunciation key jt-tr~~J! m £J ~1.JnIJ Spelling rules
Grammar
-1::;.
rJ..
~Jlwr~JE!JlU
*'
with
"£" (1 )
flJTft~}j~)L
(48)
Drills
z -i h]
c er
s iong
Practice
ua
uan
uang
On
1m. 4::il5'~*.3j
Conversation
~A
~ .!fjIJ
Looking for someone Saying goodbye Asking for directions Expressing Phonetics Retroflex Grammar ending key Pronunciation thanks
1'6]t-t!t8
rJ..
*'
Questions Combined
Chinese
Characters
~ 1\ il
ft1n*Wl-j/i<,~TP~
i5it)(
~in]
ii*f
i.g.-if ~.3j 1m. 4::it~*.3j if it
Jti5(.
i!*11!~
~J[1E
11.. i.g.-if
2.
something
llfiffi it]if~~-BJ:mil
,~,*
Table of Combinations
of Initials
and Finals
In
Common Speech 3
/\. i!ttGrammar 7ijJiPJi~i-fr/pJ Sentences with -L. lJ.. '¥ Chinese Characters
Combined Combination
a verbal
predicate
character
strokes
(2)
of strokes
m --t il
~iPJ fffl-
Lesson 7
Text
1$ iA iR ;r: iA iR 1m
(77 )
i5ft>c
V+ -
V+ -
to indicate "~~"
interjection
~*)j !J:@ffl
~(X~rnf
Nouns directly
used as attributives
Drills and Practice Meeting Talking someone for the first time
i?R~~
1.
2. 3. 4.
1E&~r6)/pJ V/A-not-V/A questions ffl"~"tt]p)GI¥J~'~j\:r6)/pJ Abbreviated questions "-tiL"fQ"t~"1¥J1.lI.I': The position of adverbs "-tiL"
Chinese Characters Chinese character components
*~~~** I¥JJEi!
Attributives
expressing
"tv
~), i~
~iPJ ff*-f
Lesson 8
Text New Words Notes
1$111~~ JL D A'"
(95)
ilx
"n~"
"="
The conjunction
"~"
and
"="
"fQ"
introducing an additional remark
~*)]
The adverb
":;k"
Drills and Practice Talking Asking Talking about one's family about someone's occupation
i?R~)M
1'6) q~ t
i?R~~
4
Reading Grammar
Comprehension Numbers
and Paraphrasing
2. !l&:i:i~fFJEi! 3. ":1f
__,__ /\.
Numeral-measure with
"~/pJ
Sentences Chinese
4. ffl "JL"~"$j,"":tJtI'6J
":1f" . Q uestions
WIt
. h "JL"
or
"2 I ':5;7y"
"
1"). ~
¥J.~ S~~tig (1 )
(1)
(Ill)
~ fL i~
iJJt
Lesson 9
Text
1:i~ ff~
";m/r~..·..·"
The adverb
"$"
to extend one's good wishes phrases as objects Verbs or Verbal
"*5L11]\"'"
~*!J:ib ffl
)j
i-a
Drills and Practice Asking about someone's someone's birthday and Paraphrasing Comprehension age and birthplace
~f,_J~
Making an appointment
m~ 1:
[9. l. 2. 3. 4.
Celebrating Reading
I~*fl~~~
Grammar
Ji. i-ar!
:if, jj , B if0 ~JtJl Expressing *sti'B] ~i~i-afF{k:i! Words 1; i~i~i-a/pJ Sentences with
the date and days of the week expressing a nominal time as adverbials predicate
/\.
Questions
with ""',
of Chinese
characters
m +~
iJJt
Lesson 10
Text
:f.!t 1£ ~) L ~ J'C&
( 130)
Demonstrative as attributives
pronouns
"J!"
and
"tl~"
do something
i'6J/pJ
Monetary
"
A ~ ffi s~ .If!-1iI
"-JT"'$Y~~?"
units of Chinese
MS\:i13-~
**
lp fA
'Ill
12§ xi
Solving language
problems
jffi
'li,'L-l::
Grammar Prepositional
/.:;-)(
phrase
,
PJ
"~c'i:." ).6
Sentences
with double
(1):
"~"
and
"J!"
predicate and
3.
%:g:iP]i~i13-/pJ,fOii~iP]"1~"
Chinese Characters Structure
Sentences
with an adjectival
"1~"
of Chinese
characters
(3)
~+-~
ilx
1:.iP]
Lesson 11
Text New Words Notes
:ft~
i)t-
I~
L iR i!
(150 )
ff~:f:
" - A~UL"
"jf"(2)
The indefinite
measure
word "-
A~UL"
connotation expressing the continuation
"19J~£ "%z~~;E
"~~£"
:%Z~lJ\\~~Z#JfF8~m~
Drills and Practice Asking about time one's ability
of a state or action
*~
]i.
*~~~j] it if ~~ i!?t
Expressing Il;
Expressing Reading
permission
or prohibition
12IJ. 1#J*7f1]~j£
Grammar Telling
Comprehension
and Paraphrasing
1. 2.
¥P,~
Optative
time
~~~Z#JiP]i~i!/pJ
verbs
(1): ~,~~,
(1):
PI ~J,mi~
3. JiZ#J/pJ (1):
Sentences
*~§ ~
"~,~~,PI0(,mi~"
verb phrases ( 1): Purpose
with serial
4.
xJ~i!$JiP]i~i!/pJ
Sentences
"*3('
and "1'6]"
/\.
6
1"J. '¥
1)('¥ 8~ tS;j;iJ ( 4 )
~+=il
i;~t)( 1:iPJ
Lesson 12
Text New Words Notes
';::;1
~:i:~~~=1'tT~&
(168)
ff~
-P-1 1"HJ
"m." '-'+
Th e pronoun
"~,, 'BJ:
as an adverbial
modifier
The preposition
"Mr'
modifier ":fj" ( - ) ,8) L"
The adverbial
~%::g~
jg ffl
Drills and Practice Talking Expressing about one's health one's desire need or necessity Comprehension and Paraphrasing
i3R ~
fljcK (£
:~~IVf-£\~
ITIJ. 1. 2.
15EJ i3;
Expressing Reading
7fl~~j£
Grammar
Sentences Alternative :~
structure
as predicate
3. ~~~
J;~ J~:f:
/\.
fJ. '¥
m + .::. il
Lesson 13
iltlA iR 7 -1' l~
* 1¥J9~~~
and
(185)
ilJt Text 1:iPJ New Words ff~ Notes %?§:iPJ"~ "lfz "y"fFJEift
"Pr/N +JtJ L/tI~ J L"
"Pr/N+JtJL/tI~JL"
*~ 5ltYf
Adjectives
"~"
"y"
as attributives
to indicate
location
~%::g~ jg ffl Drills and Practice i3R B ~£ 1:B{_j $ Talking about t].m Renting a house
something
1lE>J(JtiJ
n~it
~if
Reading
Comprehension
and Paraphrasing
v:
"T" ( 1 )
Optative verbs (3):"
2. ~iftlO
PI~~,~"
Chinese
~+ II9 i~
i51t)z:: :'±. iPJ y£*f
tR 1fF ¥:iNtk
'*
(206)
[9.
"1'6]······% "t~~ r6]1~ "1'6]··· " to extend someone's regards % 3:: i~~1J;J fF 5E ift Subject-predicate structures as attributives !J illffl Drills and Practice f~?&!J3§jJffX Making a complaint or an apology ~~1'6]1~ Passing on someone's regards 15" 13 Expressing holiday greetings 15i\l ~ 5fO ~ Jzt Reading Comprehension and Paraphrasing
~*)j
m~
'35..,)+ . lpiA
/\#:tR:r6]:1Jl'!
Chinese
types
dictionary order
arranged
1311 ~
Appendices
m*
Index
Abbreviations
for Grammar
Terms
(224)
Version)
(225) (236)
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Preface
New Practical Chinese Reader is a senes of Chinese textbooks compiled at the beginning of the new millennium for the purpose of teaching Chinese to native English speakers or those who use English as their principal second language. language structures, It aims to develop the learner's communicative ability in Chinese by learning speakThe first four volfunctions and related cultural knowledge as well as by training their listening, The series consists of seventy lessons in six volumes.
level learners . The last two contain studying about Each volume
twenty lessons for learners at an intermediate level. This set of textbooks is designed for overseas students who either take Chinese as an elective or major in the language for a period of three years, one lesson a week, or one volume a semester. comes equipped with a workbook, an instructor's It can also be used by autonomous learners. manual, audiotapes and CD-ROMs.
Why have we named our teaching materials New Practical Chinese Reader?
We have given our textbooks this name, because it follows in the footsteps of the highly acclaimed and timetested Practical Chinese Reader (abbreviated set of textbooks. PCR below). However, in the meantime, it is an entirely new The characters PCR has been published in numerous editions since 1981 and has been adopted as a texthave accompanied two Now these charac-
book by Chinese language educators and learners worldwide during the last two decades. appealing in the lessons of PCR (Palanca , Ding Yun and Gubo, among others), ters have finally reached middle age, and it is time for their children's come the principal characters in New Practical Chinese Reader. generations of students of different nationalities during their study of beginning Chinese.
generation to learn Chinese and be~ and Lin Na, a British stu-
dent, who is the son of Gubo and Ding Yun; Ma Dawei , an American student; sult of the experience accumulated by the many teachers of the language,
dent. The teaching of Chinese as a second language has changed greatly during the last twenty years as a reboth inside and outside China. We hope that The new age in which we live requires that we improve our approaches and teaching materials. a number of areas.
this new teaching material will be able to make original contributions to the teaching of Chinese language in
New Concepts
More and more Chinese language teachers advocate the idea that the fundamental goal of language teaching is to cultivate the learner's should be learner-centered. learn creatively, communicative ability in the target language. We believe new teaching materials needs and must enable them to We must create a method to the communicative apWhat is taught must be determined by students'
gradually strengthening
proach. We should both emphasize the communicative function and also obtain a firm grasp of language We should allow students to gain grounding in the four basic skills by means of a large number of vocabulary, sentence patterns, gTammar, and speech are the V drills and exercises while also mastering the necessary grammatical knowledge and rules for word and sentence formation. The study of pronunciation,
of linguistic
The only way that we can make of moving from the simple
the learning
process
easier
and
is by emphasizing progressing
to the complex
Finally,
the culture
more effectively.
New
Practical Chinese Reader. Features of New Practical Chinese Reader 1. New Practical
materials, together
structure
adopted
by earlier
Chinese
teaching
instead
with constant
structure passes
with important
of language
through
pronunciaalthough that
are exposed
grammar comprise
is not discussed
The second cycle is found in the twenty lessons One. In this cycle, students
Volume Two and the last eight lessons sentence command patterns. As a result,
of Volume
of basic Chinese
language
the twen-
which further
consolidate,
and deepen
understanding
patterns.
The fourth cycle is found in the twenty lessons items and grammatical not emphasized points, in earlier
Besides
more vocabulary
the teaching
of complex
sentences
and paragraphs
teaching
smaller
of linguistic
2.
New Practical
characteristic prominence introductions,
Chinese Reader
of earlier teaching training
expense
to phonetics, items,
to function,
functional
at the same time as it teaches and topics of conversation, The last two volumes in paragraphs.
The first four volumes focus on the teaching abilities to use language structures at
cultivate Functional
students'
to comprehend throughout
especially
in or-
listening,
speaking,
and writing.
and cul-
from timetables,
menus,
advertisements,
announcements,
newspapers 3. Unlike
and classical
textbooks,
New Practical
encountered rules
by students
a background script,
character
characters
first
of Volume
from the
The teaching
frequently
used as components
of other characters,
is to allow students
to learn multi-component
by first mastering
VI
components. 4. Transcending the limits of campus life, New Practical Chinese Reader distinguishes itself even at the beginning stage from most previous Chinese textbooks by including a broader range of interesting materials. The first four volumes develop a series of attractive stories, tional students mentioned above, including their friendships, Yanzi, as well as several Chinese language teachers. everyday experiences, prehension. narrating the lives of the three internarelationlove stories and teacher-student
ships with the Chinese students Song Hua, Wang Xiaoyun, the journalist Lu Yuping, the tour guide Xiao Volumes One and Two interweave campus life with illustrating culturintroducing cultural norms and customs closely associated with speaking and com-
al differences between China and the West. The last two volumes introduce various aspects of Chinese society, highlighting traditional and contemporary cultural life. 5. New Practical Chinese Reader abandons the mechanical, the amount of vocabulary and exercises, increase the amount of supplementary needs, monotonous and inflexible formulae of earlier teaching materials and can be adapted to the needs of students beginning at different levels. It increases while adopting a module structure that balances the relationship By guaranteeing the teaching of core material, it can contents so that students can learn according to their individual between core material and supplementary contents.
and teachers can use the textbook to suit the differing levels of their students ..
The Layout of Volumes One to Four of New Practical Chinese Reader • Textbook
This section supplies the topics and scenes of each lesson. For the most part, Volumes One and Two facilitating audio-lingual practice and providing an which,
Text
use dialogue form (with two paragraphs in each lesson), to six emphasizes the pinyin
overall grounding in the reading and writing of elementary Chinese. The pronunciation section in lessons one text, while lessons seven to fourteen focus on Chinese characters, however, have pinyin written beneath them. In the second volume, pmym disappears, free themselves from pinyin. and there are only
tone marks. From the third volume onward, tone marks are no longer used. In this way, learners gradually
New Words
comprehension and memory. At the same time, students can master the use of Supplementary words can be learned according to the learners'
Notes
For the most part, notes contain explanations of new words, develop grammatical points taught preEnglish translations are provided to help students com-
prehend sentences containing grammar that will be dealt with in later lessons.
Conversation Practice
We hope students will thoroughly master the key sentences illustrating the fundamental tures and functions introduced in the text. By practicing phrases,
alogues
and communicative
exercises,
students
from mechanical
exercises
to proficient
interaction.
Reading Comprehension
tence patterns and lexical oral and written strengthen
and Paraphrasing
items already taught, volume
the contents
the students'
comprehension.
Drills
difficulties features
(included it presents
in Lessons
of Chinese
as their mother tongue, and spelling for spelling, practice rules. the
of the Chinese
phonetics
can gradually
a good foundation
in pronunciation
four tones,
on disyl-
and reading
Grammar
the difficulties
explanations
features them.
of the Chinese
language
and
to treat Chi-
grammatical
Characters
introduces
character
components,
later
combining
them
the learning
of Chinese
Cultural Notes
sight into cultural cultural
At first,
cultural related
language studies.
information
Workbook
is designed for students to use outside class. In addition general to exercises for studying characters, sentence patterns and words, it also includes exercises for speaking, aural comprehen-
reading,
and writing.
Instructor's
of each
Manual
Manual lesson's makes suggestions contents. regarding the goals and methods the instructors of teaching and supplies about explaIt also supplies with more knowledge are provided. phonetics,
and vocabulary.
Acknowledgements
Sponsored low),
Vlll
by the National
Chinese
as a Foreign
Language
(abbreviated
NOTCFL
be-
project undertaken
the director-general
and Ms. Li Guiling from the NOTCFL were responsible for planning and organizing this project. The president of the Beijing Language and Culture University, for University Affairs, Researcher Wang Lujiang, dertaken by our university Professor Qu Delin, and the chairman of the Council
W1-
study trip to six Canadian universities with Chinese language progTams before compiling this set of materials. We are especially gTateful to Ms. Xu Lin, Educational Consul of the Chinese Consulate General in Vancouver, whose work helped us establish our partnership with the Asian Studies Department of the University of British Columbia. Om thanks are also due to Mr. Song Yongbo from the Teaching Bureau of the NOTCFL, the University of Montreal, the University of Toronto, the for the assistance he offered dwing the whole project. We are very gTateful to McGill University, University of British Colwnbia, these institutions. ed enthusiastically Simon Fraser University and the University of Victoria for the gTeat hospitaliHuron College of the University of
ty they offered us dwing our study hip as well as the valuable suggestions provided by our colleagues from Chinese language instructors from Queens University, Westem Ontario, York University, Langara College, Douglas College, and Comosen College also participatin om forum on Chinese textbooks. It is om pleasant duty to give special thanks to Dr. Dr. Helen Wu of the University of Toronto, and Mr. Wang Renzhong of Hobert Shanmu Chen, Chinese Coordinator of the Asian Studies Department of U. B. C. , Mr. Zheng Zhining from the same department, McGill University, who agreed to be on the Canadian Consulting Group for om teaching materials. They are also re-
Dr. Robert S. Chen and Mr. Zheng Zhining were in charge of the Canadian side of this joint project, which would never have succeeded without their continuous organization and coordination. Chen, Dr. Cheng Maorong, Dr. He Donghui, Dr. Li Tianming, of U. B. C., Ms. Xia Wei, sponsible for the final proofreading of both the Chinese and English texts of all six volumes. Dr. Hobert S. Mr. Zheng Zhining and Ms. Xia Wei, all Dr. Cheng Ms. Lin Huimin , Ms. Lti Mingzhu, in the proofreading of the Chinese spent much time and effort translating the original Chinese text into English. Ms . Yang Liqiong and Mr. Zheng Zhining participated
Maorong, Dr. He Donghui, Dr. Li Tianming , Dr. Mou Huaichuan, text. Mr. Allen Haaheim and Mr. Paul Crowe of U. B. C.. English translations,
while Professor Ierry D. Schmidt proofread the final version of all the English transla-
tions. Dr. Cheng Maorong, Dr. He Donghui, Ms. Lin Huimin, Ms. Xia Wei, Ms. Yang Liqiong and Mr. Zheng Zhining did trial teaching of sample lessons from the six volumes at the Asian Studies Department of U. B. C.. We are very grateful to all these people for their professional work. editors Wang Hongyu and Wang Biao, and painter Yang Keqian who Special thanks are also due to the director and general editor of the Beijing Language and Culture University Press, Professor Wang Jianqin, did much hard work to facilitate the publication of our textbooks. The chief compiler of this textbook series is Prof. Liu Xun. The other compilers include Associate Prof. Zhang Kai, Associate Prof. Liu Shehui, Associate Prof. Chen Xi, Ms. Zuo Shandan, and Ms. Shi Jiawei. Shi Jiawei and Liu Xun were in charge of writing Volumes One and Two. Volumes Three and Four were largely written by Liu Shehui and Chen Xi, and Volumes Five and Six mainly by Zhang Kai and Zuo Shandan. We sincerely request teachers and students using our materials to offer their valuable criticisms and suggestions to enable us to improve these textbooks in the future.
ex
Chinese Reader!
This make Chinese Chinese Chinese guiding of speakers companions your international
features learning
several
characters enjoyable:
to
more
get to know
1-
A 4m 11'- ~B
Introduction to Main Characters In the Text
T }J
~Jt DTl}g
Ubo
An American aged 22, male. student,
M..~~
Un
No
A Canadian
student,
aged 21, male. Gubo is his father; Ding Yun is his mother.
*-* Song
A Chinese aged 20, male.
Hua
_l..
IJ' ~
Wang xloovnn
fit- f:fii -t
LO Yupfng
reporter,
student,
A Chinese
M~ yip %
Chen looshr
teacher,
~h yip %
Yang looshl
teacher,
A Chinese
A Chinese
- 2-
begins language,
by introducing including
some sounds
ing system dates back more than four thousand intriguing their to see how Chinese pictographic basically
years, and it
China. By the end of the lesson, you will know eleven Chinese characters ings in Chinese. and be able to express some everyday
~-t~ Lesson
NT hco
1fJ\ ~f
-. i*3Z4I
Text
l.u Yuplnq.
f,t- rfJ -t :
Ubo: fJ Dt: NY hoo, l.u YOpfng.
1t- :kf,
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,-
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1
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1. 2.
nl hco
Pr
A
1~
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reporter) student)
PN
PN
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fJ~;t
Ubo:
/J
.s; '.1-.
tj5l...._:
~t~}]~:1R ;J\.
Ubo:
.,J '1: ../J jIll.:
Ye hen hao.@
-1R- iff
/)' \
"
I c-
.
ir
, ,
r, I.
\'
,I
-4-
!1l!j
(interrogative
particle
for question
expecting
-t\
1tt
~
questions)
ye
.-tk.
too; also
6. Un No
PN
(name of a British
student)
CD
NY hco
"Hello!", This is the most common
=. )t:~.1
"How do you do?" form of greeting people form is also
Notes
in Chinese.
you already
@ NY hoc rna?
"How are you?" This is also a form of greeting, time, and the response is usually often used after you have not seen someone for some
® NY
ne?
@ Ye hen hoo.
"(I am) fine (literally,
This is an elliptical when the context may also say is explicit very good), too." sentence, with the subject
In spoken
Chinese, One
and there
is no ambiguity,
is often omitted.
"1t%~?
Pronunciation F -ff]:
Initials: b a
Drills
h
f:f)]-ff]: Finals:
00
(I J Students
p 0 en
mn
e u
ie
in
Ing
uo
are required
of the purple
-5-
1.
tJt.if
bo po mo ne Ie he
Spelling
bTn pTn
bTng pTng
2.
a
nl hoo
11
11'1
hoo
1'1
n'lhoo
l.lbo
..
b6
lln
yO pTng wo ye
3.
no Iu yu w6 hen ye
b6 lin no lu yu w6 hEm ye
Un No
l.u Yuplnq
mif
bo
(eight)
nu
bie
strokes)
wu -(five)
hu
(tiger)
bTng -(ice)
bTn
pie -(left-falling
hu6 -(fire)
w6
(I)
4.
fRM
Tone discrimination
mo -(horse) (also)
rna
(mom)
mu-(wood) 11
mu
(in)
yT
(one) (door)
--
YI
ye --
ye
--1'1
men--
men
(night)
(strength)
-6-
5.
=pr~MThird-tone
nl hco
ye hen hoo
6.
lJiirJlJ~~f'fi:!
NY hoo. NYmen hco.
·
' ••
_,_
••
!II
11
:••
11, ••••••••••
'.'
•••
II
••••••
· · · · ·
•
.' ·
KEY SENTENCES 1. NY hco. 2.. NY hdo ma? 3. W6 hen hco, nY ne? 4. Ye hell hco ..
~---'
-,-.--~,-~.• ' '. .. .. .. .. • .. .. II I!!I ., I!I' .. iii ir I!J 'iii • !II' iii II .. II' •
'II
( -)
1.
r 1T1~~!]ZSaying
Un No: l.lbo. 2.
hello]
the following dialogue
~01!1 %01%
(1)
A:
B:
(2)
A:
B:
-7-
(=) [fD] 1.
Lu Y1:
Ma U: W6 ye hen hco.
2.
,/.=E..£2
S' . . rtuauonar .1
di ogue rna 1
friend whom you haven't seen for a long time. What will you
( ..=.)
Ujf ~
Listen
and repeal
..Ll.
"1;0 E3
'3i.::e::
Phonetics
of modern Chinese usually and consists of an initial, which
in the common speech that begins the syllable, in the syllable an initial,
and a final,
which constitutes
"ping",
"inq"
without
such as "ye",
of modern
Chinese,
2.
~lfJl.~
Initials:
Pronunciation key
m, n, I, h are, pronounced b like "p" in "speak" p like "p" in "park"
Note: Particular like" and unaspirated similarly to their counterparts voiceless) voiceless) be paid to the pronunciation of the aspirated
In
the English
language.
attention consonants:
b-p.
Finals:
e
Ie
e" in "her" a nasalised sound like the "ng" in "bang" without pronouncing of the "e" in a compound final is different the "g" from that
-8-
3.
PfM
Tones
is a tonal language
In
Chinese
In
meamng.
)\.(bo)
In common tone marks: speech there
1i (b6)
are four basic
~(ba)
tones,
13 (be)
represented respectively by the following
" for the first tone, for the second tone, and
directly
above if the
as in "lu" and
"hen".
be dropped above
above it,
"ping".
should
be placed
with the mouth widest open of the mouth for the vowels,
is as follows:
4.
=Ff~JlJ
the second
Third-tone sandhi
when immediately followed by another third tone, unchanged.
-+ -+
A third tone,
In
should
be pronounced
tone,
-+ -+
For example:
111 hco
hen hco
5.
is written
as "y"
(e.g.
ie -+ ye).
"i"
IS
written
as "yj"
all by itself
(e.g. T -+ yT).
IS
At the beginning
of a syllable,
written
by itself,
a "y"
IS
added
yen.
-9-
&iiil9ii~
person, placed tense, very important
sentences
grammar is that it lacks sense. of morphological of a sentence changes however, in is The word order,
to convey different
The subject
is usually
For example:
Subject
Predicate
1$ NY
ft
W6
~fo
hco.
1~
hen
ffo
hco.
fJ1it
Ubo
ill
ye
1~
hen
~fo
hco.
~~
Chinese dating Chinese tion: characters originated antiquity. from pictures. Present-day Here
Chinese Characters
The history characters, of their formation illustrating is very long, long evolu-
Chinese
are square-shaped.
Picture
Official Script
~... '
~
2~-'
~~tl.
-='
-,
.:)0"
r:
I'
1J"
--.....
f~\
J~
I~
-10-
1.
&*~*~iI
Chinese characters
kinds
of
"strokes".
These
strokes
can be divided
into "basic"
strokes.
Example
Way to Write
The dot
IS
1'1
written
as
10
the first stroke of "]"]". The horizontal The vertical bottom, The stroke is written from left to right. stroke is written from top downward
-----*
heng shu
pie
t
-,
/'
*!J
/~
stroke of
IS
"*".
to
)/
~
downward -left
written stroke
from
top
to
bottom-left, The
no
tf
downward-right
written
written
,./
top-right,
2.
lA:Ej~*&*
(1)
yT
be
VDJ1I!D3T:1fli .......3,. i
one
1 stroke
(2)
/~ eight
/~ 2 strokes
)(
_((.l
t· ...
)o(;","f "
1''V-. 'AJ
r~
(3 )
!J
n
strength
7!J
2 strokes
(4)
1'1 (F9)
men
door
r 1'1
3 strokes ./1 ~~ too; also 3 strokes
(5) ~
ye
(6) ~
(,~) horse "~" is written 3 strokes as "~ " on the left side of a character.
'-(
mo
Note:
I"
.'
.r
..
(7)
*
nu
Note:
~
Ij""'
}{/J'l
(
"*"
female is written
( 1"£
';7 .,-
III
,!
':
(8)
Ji_
T fi
five
wu
(9)
s:
4 strokes
-*mu
Note:
"'*-"
wood is written
(10)
k..
hUG
Note: fire
":k.._"
It
4 strokes is written as " at the bottom of a character.
3.
if..
Ifn
+-*Cultural Notes
and "Common Speech" (Putonghua)
almost making four thousand years ago and that the The comNations
originated antiquity,
language
is now one of the most widely used living languages. within China, Europe, worldwide. as well as in many overseas and the Americas. Asia,
speakers
official business.
Chinese
belongs
language 94%
family.
Hanyu , literally
by the Han, of China. The northern
"language
of the
Han",
refers
language,
and is spoken
Hui,
Manchu,
are fifty-six di-
ethnic ethnic
There
languages. or Mandarin "common as the basis of its population. Stanspeech". for its
includes
variants
is also known by its official designation, on the northern vernacular in this textbook. dialect, using literature and modern
Putonghua, literally
of Beijing structure.
Putonghua is based
nese that is taught
the dialect
- 13 -
you
ever
wanted
to say hello
in and
;g=tl
Lesson 2
Ni
rncnq
ma
1~ 'rt
-. i*~
PIb
Text
~*"
Lin No:
~~l~:
fit;J:Y"
1~
~r ,
Lu Yuping:
1!l
1~ i:-~, *f
n
-k~-k~
l.t
j1~?
Tornen
rna?
~t"" -k})f;:
f.t-
'f-tJ:-1n ;J\
~
i~ Hz
'f-2: 0
)" '':: c
1~~
AJJ
mf:
~1}1\ :
1t J'J
s.
ne? T)t?
\I
Lin No:
To
hen mango
**-
1-tJ:- fit
- 14-
j::i~
* 2. ma
3. bobo
New Wonh;
A QPt
1. monq
'Ii: 1119
expecting
answer)
N N
Pr Pr
-%-%
~~-kl!;
4. mama 5. tornen
ta men
6. dou 7. bu 8. nan 9. penqyou
Suf
Adv Adv A
1~1f1 1~ 1f1
~~ ~
or certain
plural)
J3
J1J]~
.,
Gege:
N
MdPt
* 10. ne
):IJt.
questions)
-r fJ iJt:
~-~,
1~ ~ vhuv4Jo. \1~?
W6 yeo kafei.
-¥f~:
Dldi:
4\
-*"
rWu
JI~
l~ o
@
0
!l~
DTng l.lbo,
**:
W6 ye yeo kofel.
-1\ -d:..
*t,
-*
11},1O
f-
-r
.n iJt:
~ /lfJ
;tf~
l'aJ ~!1I'~f0
r'
in previous lessons.
- 15 -
1. gege 2.
!£i~
yew
New Words
-ij-~
~
v
N N
Pr
~~f
iftift
~1f1
j1~
v
PN
to drink (a surname)
CD
nl mama --
nl nan penqyou _-
your boyfriend.
"1fJ\~···~?
what others want,
@ W6
ye
vco koMi,
too."
Women
dot. he kafei.
coffee."
Pronunciation
~-HJ: F"
1. Initials: d , ~-liJ: Firrals: el t
OUi
Drills
iIOIJJ(-iu)
g an
k ang
f eng
iao
mil
de te ge ke
Spelling
dou tou g6u k6u don ton gon ken dong tang gong kong
- 16-
bei
bon pan fan han to men nf non peng y6u bu mong ge df he fei
bico pico
diO niO
women
nlrnen
mang ge dl ka fei
ge dl he
tei
he kofei
mif
do
(big)
Sound discrimination
--
to duo
(many)
ke -(rnay )
ge geng
kou
(mouth)
--
gou
(dog)
dou -(all )
dTng -(nail)
tTng
(to listen)
4.
mw
(knife)
Tone discrimination
doo
dco --
tu -(soil)
tu
liu
you -(again)
you
(to have)
nf
C Buddhist
III
nun)
liu -(six)
ken -C to
kan
- 17-
see)
6.
~iflt~ii
kele (coke)
yYnlioo (drinks)
meimei
honboo
pfngguo
(hamburger) (apple)
7.
lVJitrJlJiM!:~mlf
TIng wo fayTn. Ken heibon.
Conversation Practice
• !III If I! • II •••• it 411 •• !I •••• ., ..
;jj
ill
II!!
II
•••••••
I,
••
II
....
II
: KEY SENTENCES
: 1. Tornen d6u hen nco.
·2. :
NY mang
mo? .' . .
IIIJI I' • II ••• '•• 'II 'I!I I!!I • II •
: 3. Wo bu mango
· 5. :
: 6. Women
·
111.:
111 !II
II!!
•••
II
II;
'Ii
( -)
(1) A: B:
Do Un,
nY monq
A:
(2) A: NY bobo mama hoo rnov NY gege ne?
B:
A:
- 18 -
(3)
A:
NY dldi
B: A:
(=) [iD] Wfi
Ile?
Asking what someone wants] 1. 7t )j~ -f 3JIJ ~ ttr Complete the following dialogues
(1) A: Nfll yeo kofei mov
B:
A: NY
c:
(2)
A: NY B: A: NY
yeo
mcv
ne?
c:
2.
-\
B:
',~r,
;) - 11';.
I""
. ,
~ - 'I!l
I
.h
/!I'liJ'
_:.t'._
f ;., _.-"
,.
I" -
",
_. --I I' !
. ~~
.' 1_
--;'-
-·I..,~· ,
!d~'. \
"'•
._.
-Ci~
__
/'
-~
I ~'.
1
I, .l"'::_:~J'8'
?'r'~'1
~Jt3r-tl":,-\ _ *',
'__ ('-]_
-c.{
II-
(2) A:
B:
( -)
QJT ~
1~1n~1P<-*
- 19-
n. i.g~-",
1.
Phonetics
there are a number of syllables which are
~Jb'
Neutral tone
speech of modern Chinese, tone. and are pronounced by the absence in a "weak" This is known as the neutral tone and is
!lib
ma
ne
111
men
f d 9 k
is pronounced
similarly
to its counterpart
In
the English
language
(unaspirated) (aspirated) "k" sound (aspirated) should be paid to the pronunciation of the aspirated and
Note: Finals:
unaspirated
d-t,
g-k.
ei ou on
like "ay" in "play" . like "o " In " so " like "an" in "can"
3.
m~:I1lJruJ
Spelling rules
final
"iou"
IS
written
as
"-iu"
and the
on "u" .
For example:
Ii U (six).
-.
I \./ iB)~,
Gramlnar
-
1.
~~Wilm1iJ
1$
Ni
ffo
hoo
1m
To
1~
hen
'tt 'tt
mango
0
ft
W6
/G
bu
~~
mango
1mfn
Tornen
- 20-
1~
hen
~fo
hoo
d6u
in Chinese such as
can
function
directly and
This
kind
of sentence
is
predicate.
in this kind
of sentence
"1~", "ill",
by placing
":tV.
form of sentences
as the predicate.
For example:
":f!(; /G'~".
"1~", "ill",
":tV
must be placed
2.
m"~"Et9~~FJliJ1ij
A declarative sentence
particle
"P!?J"
Statement
Question
1fJ\PJ0
NT hoo.
1m:g:g ,~~~~~~~fll~?
To bobo mama dou hoo me>
dou hoc.
ftm'ft
To mango
mov
1fJ\~
rWQ
P~pPI!J?
t. )X ¥3ID
1.
Chinese Characters
lAjij~*OC*
(1)
T
dTng
nail
-T
771
(2)
71
doo
Note: knife "JJ"
2 strokes as "
IJ "
is written
J
!
(3)
x_
you
Note: agam "5l" was originally 2 strokes a pictograph of "the right hand".
(4)
*do
big 3 strokes
- 21 -
(5 )
0
k6u
mouth
,
earth
)10
3 strokes
tJ
·f ..... \
(6)
±
to
Note;
+±
3 strokes as "J " on the left side of a character. ... ... ...
"±"
is written ...
SIX
(7)
...
/'\
no
--/ /'\
4 strokes
(8)
/G
bCJ
no,
-7/f"/G
not 4 strokes
--?
t. ---'-="'
~' r ~ x, ( ,"
(9) ~
=r r s.
nun 5 strokes 5 strokes
nf
Buddhist
(10)
liT
ke
can,
-'-PPliT
may
2.
iA.~i¥:t.p~&* Learn
texts
\1~
(1)
ma (~!0)
11
E; ----+
+ 11;
of speaking,
(" 0"
denotes
the meaning
"Jk"
denotes
the pronunciation)
(2)
'Jt ne
~----+O+~
(" 0"
denotes
the meaning
of speaking,
"x."
denotes
the pronunciation)
U,~-!lJf~)
j{~ ----+:It.
(":k " denotes
+ 11;
the meaning of woman,
"Jk"
denotes
the pronunciation)
(4) ~~
gege
~----+
- 22-
liT
the alphabetic
the majority
of which are "pictophonetic". the phonetic, monosyllables, of Chinese are frequently characters
Most consist
of one component
or radical,
which shows the category The total number situations. number of Chinese
and generally
character thousand
single morpheme.
A considerable
strokes
to write. With a view to facilitating to simplify the writing system. of characters characters. the number
writing , modern
scholars language
to reduce
the number
in certain forms.
IS
traditional
now official policy in the People's mainly of being to academic easier to learn, memonze,
of China, Sim-
are restricted
use or aesthetic
purposes.
mother door
characters
(simplified) (simplified)
are used in this textbook,
-k~ F~
mother door
(traditional) (traditional)
are also supplied
Simplified
but traditional
characters
of the reader.
- 23-
Now,
about the people you meet? This lesson will show you how to ask a person's introduce friends, create compound family and others. In addition,
~=tl
Lesson 3
To
shl
no
guo
~tk ~
P]~
~A
Text
ren
Gege:
uoo,
~,¥f:
T
Gege:
_jff_. <if
fJ
>Jt:
.A 11'1
!!J
;t Y1i
~J
"'J:
.;it !1JJ~
fi__
A?
®
Women
}J
~Jt: ~
rf ~
Ao
.~ 11']
~ yrp .:f~;t
'f ~
Ao
-24 -
~iRJ
1.
New Words Pr
to
:it
;:E_
6
she; to be which
her
2. Shl' 3.
V
QPr
no no
shei
jl'!1~
.@J
4. guo 5. ren 6.
7.
N
N Pr QPr
country,
nation
.A...
})~
iit
8. laoshT
N Adv
PN
* 9. dou
10. Zhonqquo
kY~
~
tt!l
run hco:
@
DTng
uoo.
}J;;{:
Chen lcoshi,
to shl woryu
f;ttooshl.
;;r~ ') I'
k /lFFi
<]
;t yrp, 1$ :iff!
1tf!.;l(_ j)---i%
Chen looshl.
lTJt~
NY hco.
Yrr :
1,f-:kf
DTng l.lbo ,
JJ iJt:
1!;t
}]JL&_ o
Chen Iooshl,
FH;
JJAiZ_ :
~ Yrr:
j(_
Yrr I1lh ?
0
Pengyou:
*!
~:;r:
Chen laoshT:
jt!j;
k vrr
iJ iJt:
:n;t,
DTng Ubo:
T
)!;1:.
~~ +tt ;t,
Woipo,
It._
-t~
j~
Jto
- 25-
Chen looshl.
;t yip :
jr~,
nin hoc:
1& ~t!
!£ iRJ
1. nfn 2. zhe
New
Words
Pr Pr Pr
-f.t
I~"'"
form)
* 3. to
4. weiyO
M!.
jri%
N iPr N N N iPN
foreign language you doctor; physician on the father's on the mother's side side
* 5.
nr
1t-
-m~
lK!t
jr~
M~
=. )±~
<D re
shl
Notes
no
gu6 r~n?
" characters for the third person singular
"to": one
IS
"1ili.",
used
"Yll!,",
refers to a female.
~ re
"A" (ron)
IS
usually
placed
For example:
~ 00 (Zhonqquo
)-~
OOA
(Zhonqquo
ren)
in preference
Surnames
It is considered
"Surname
a teacher
directly frequently
by his/her
+ teacher"
form of address
commonly
or a senior on a for-
... "
is pronounced
as a weak syllable.
@ Ubo, zhe shl nT nainai rna? The Chinese their specific used depending husband's parents side. of his/her language uses relationship to other members a relative are
on whether
is on the mother's
"yeye"
and
"noinoi''
and
differentiated
from "woiqonq"
"wcipo"
her mother's
parents.
, - _. -i.g~t~>-J
F'
Pronunciation
Drills
-:=l=-Hj: Initials:
mil
zha zhT zhe
zhci
Spelling
rT reng rang
zhou zhuo
zhuoi
ehou ehuo
chuoi
shou shuo
shuci
zhong
2. P.Q,a
ehong
eha ru zhe
sht
ella ru zhe
shl
eha ru zhe
shl zhe shl
-27-
100 chen
wei
ylJ
Zhonggua
Zhonqquo ren
mil'
bl
Sound discrimination
rl
(sun)
re
(hot)
pi
dong
--- tong
rou --(meat)
ruo
(dagger)
(to understand)
4.
M:JV
( ten)
Tone discrimination
shf ---
shl
( an-ow)
zhe
(person;
--thing)
zhe
(this)
ren
(person)
ren zhuoi
cheng
(city)
cheng
zhuoi ---
wo
penqyou
nl bobo
nl monq wo yeo
Combination of tones
nlmen
kele
6.
J1f~m~
kofei
"-"+" v"
Zhonggua
heibcn
shenqdioo
(tone)
tornen
( I)
,,0
"
here represents
the neutral
tone.
- 28-
yTsheng
he ch6
(to drink tea)
shent!
(body)
chiton
(to eat a meal)
zhTdao
(to know)
"
tushu
(books)
ch6ngch6ng
(often)
niunoi
(milk)
Iiul1
(fluent)
pengyou yeye
chengg6ng
(success)
yfnh6ng
(bank)
pfngguo
(apple)
chldco
(late)
7.
XltifiJilPi
g6ngren
Practice on disyllahic
(worker)
words
YTnggu6 (England, UK) Degu6 Meigu6
(Germany) (America)
M.t'1JJill~miiRead
Do koi shOo Gen wo nion. NYmen nion. Dong bu dong? Dong Ie. Bu dong.
(Open the book.) (Read after me.) (Read out.) (Do you understand? (Yes, )
I1we understand.)
.1Z!1!~~
11
•'
Conversation Practice
II •• ; 1.1111 ••• 1.1111.111 •••••• 1 ••
••••••
".
11111
" ..
.
...
KEY SENTENCES 1. No shi shei? 2. No sht women 10oshT. 3. To shl no gu6 ren? 4. To shl Zhonggu6 reno 5. Zhe shl wo penqyou 6. NY ye sht looshi ma? 7. Wo ou shl looslh~, wo shl yishenq.
III III •••• ' 'II' III ill • II • ' III II III .. II II' il, 'iii III Ii .. II! • iii! 110 '•• ill .: II!I :1 III
.
II!I
: .
- 29-
( -)
(1) A:
B: No shl
( =)
1. 7E)J)t
ne?
B: Bu shl , __________
A:
- 30-
A: To shl
no
gu6 rEm?
B: ( -)
1.
%J:i.Y:T·31Uf?1%
B:
Complete
c:
B:
I\lfn hoc,
Un yishenq.
______ . Zhe shl
C:
2. 'I'p~f:m~-j,~. Situational dialogue and classmates.
Introduce ( 1m)
your teacher
~Jfi£
~1..o
~ Jf__:t-
· ~n.~
1.
Phonetics
by a first, second that is, or fourth tone, or most neutral tone
=,a~M
A third
Third-tone sandhi
when followed becomes a half third tone, For example: a tone that only falls but does not nse.
tone,
syllables,
usually
w6 yeo
bu he
bu shl
bu monq
bu h60
bu yoo
like "j" in "jerk", u naspirated.
3.
I
£il~tl
Initials:
Prootmciation key
but with the tip of the tongue curled farther back,
zh ch sh r
farther
but with the tip of the tongue curled but with lips unrounded, Always pronounce back. the Chinese
farther back.
in English,
11'1 sound
oi -i [1]
(light)
"chi",
"shi"
and
"ri" is pronounced
the initials
differently
After pronouncing
"zh",
"ch",
"sh" or "r",
1.
lA.1j~*&~ Learn
(1)
A
ren
Note: people,
JA
person 2 strokes "A"
IS
'~l
written
as "1 "
"'\
- 32-
(2)
shi
(3)
+
ten
--t2 strokes
/'
~~~lt
L:
bY
dagger
L:
2 strokes
f
~
f
~
(4)
!10~
middle 4 strokes
zhong
(5)
~~ ,rr-.:::.,
';
El
rl
sun
nnn
4 strokes
l_)
r~
(6)
_Yl (Jl )
bel
shell
n§l_Yl
4 strokes
€3 (f)
-'t
=-... - J-~=_--' -C"1
(7)
.£.
yu
Note:
-jade
,I
:f_f_.£.
5 strokes
" ..L" is wri tten as "J "
.~~.:.
...."';'_
..I'
(8)
3c
shl
.J-
!:::.g:-3c
5 strokes
alTOW
1
5 strokes
(9)
1sheng
r-: ~
41person
to be born;
suffix denoting
(10) ~
person;
+
thing
j_jt-;f-11%~
(;3t-+ E1 )
8 strokes
zhe 2.
* Learn
"-:Jt ",
:kt
(The
----* ~
"female"
+~
side, denotes something related to a woman.) - 33-
(2)
1-tt
to
1~ ~ 1 +~
(The "standing person" side, "1 ", denotes something related to a person.) (3)
11'1 ~
(The meaning (4)
+ 11
"1 ", and the phonetic side is "f"l ".)
side is
1t- nl
1~ ---). + ~ 1
(;F:
(The "standing person" side"
J
htlT;F
denotes something
5 strokes)
related to a person.)
1"
(the (the
side)
2 strokes 4 strokes
!J
(5)
no
+~
(6)
llJ)~
no
l1JJ~ -> 0 + JJ~
(The meaning side is "0", and the phonetic side is "fJ~".)
(7) ~~
no
~
___,.
jt
+ JJ~
side is "-:;k " and the phonetic side is "fJ~".)
(The meaning
---+ ~
(the
+~
-
"old" top)
character)
+
1
_Ly
n
4 strokes
rp
Y
- 34-
(the
"towel"
rp
3 strokes 2 strokes
side)
(9)
jt- +
yrp
y
(The
- + rp
frame,
fi
denotes the boundary
3 strokes
_"fi' l r /t( r
I~
Q (guoZikuong)
(10)
tf
n r=J
-----)0
"country"
"Cl",
of a country.)
§J Zhonqquo
(tf @)
m1
C
(11)
r=J + ~
frame) -
2 strokes
C
;::(_(plzldl) (12) (the "foot"
+
7 strokes)
(~:bottom) ~
-r --;::- ;:(_ 7F
5 strokes
Jk.. shl
Jf_ _,.
El + ;::(_
Cultural Notes
Scheme for the Chinese Phonetic Alphabet
languages
related
phonologists
an act to promote
tone marks
is now widely used for the study of (Putonghua). for learning practical
the popularization
of standard
use of pinyin
in the study
- 35-
In this lesson, name politely, for permission. introduced sounding unfamiliar in initials
how to ask someone's and how to ask initials similarseem than of the Chinese different and so may
yourself,
daily practice
~ll!Il. Lesson
it q~
-. i*3Z~
ni
hen
gaoxlng
---.5' ~
II=fJ /"
Text
l.coshl.
%- Vir:
~ y:J.
jlt*- "197
@
~*- -M~:
l.ooshl,
Un l\Jo:
OYng jln:
Yang
it
iii 1
0
~h;;tt
Yip,
f11
*t it
0
;it ~
jJJJ j,z_,
nin gulxlng?
:t- Vrp :
- 36-
ikfOJ,
f$
-f-B-?
Lu
LIJ Yuplnq. @ id fi1, ):11 Mt f:f,J 1l~ lfi-t : ~ I\IY hco , Lu xionshenq , renshi nY hen t.oosht, ') '0 f-7 . 'l~ *f; 1 \.1/, 1~ ~P<:it vip : f'ft J't.±
Yuplnq , W6 xing
JIOO
0
9
Lu,
gooxlng.
~ ".) ~AQ
Lu
[f;t,
Yuplnq.
Yang
f:F:J-t .
kroshl,
~h
New Words
;t vrp,
'1';t.
1~""
1~
~~
/,
:£i~
1. renshi
V
A
-l-A1.f,.
~/,
to know (somebody) happy; may to come in to enter to come please you (polite friend reporter May I ask ... ? to ask what's your honorable one's surname to be called Mr. (a surname) surname? form) pleased
-;;:~
OpV VC V V V Pr
N N
PJ"VA
jln
lail 5. q~ng
i! it
J~
**if).
*-
* 6. * 7.
nfn pengyou
JJJJJi._
8. jlzhe 9. qlnqwen
1C.;t-
V V
IE
itfOJ
I',;]
wen
10. gulxlng
-t-kl-H.
f1~
xing,
11. jioo 12. xicnshenq 13. Yang
V/N V
N
is'''/surname
jG1.
~h
PN
r[§~1dB]
~~dUCing ~ oneself
.-.---.....
Un No:
de xueshenq.
W6 xing Un,
~
~t'" j~~:
~}E._
i% §
~ft
~7 ,*:t
~i if-- ,
(j)
**
~Mli 0
.t\. Jt
*00
1,7- ~i
f+ ~ ?
- 37-
Mo Dowei.
W6 xing Mo,
jioo Mo Dowel.
j:rJ-)
~ *-71:
Un l\Jo:
.t. -HNY
8
y:;,
g, k7t7
mov
)..._
shl Jioncdo
ren
*WJI~ :
Mo Dowel.
'1~ JZ j)rJ~k
"2:1 ?
ren , w6 shl Meigu6
A._,
W6 bu shl Jicncdo
ren,
ye shl
>~
~. k39:
i\:f:
-~ §
New Words
j(_
jJrJ·:t k_ fJl.;
$.. j(_
0 ~
00
~
A,
k
0
Yuyon Xueyuon
de xueshenq.
~ Itt
'* 1-
W6 xuexi Honyu.
SJ ~5tif;-
1. yOyon 2. xueyuo n 3. de
4.
N N Pt
N
j%
xueshenq
QPr
v
N
PN
>]
~J.3%
~
Ylinggu6
9. MOl Dowei
10. Jioncdo
11.
pN
PN
PN
of an American
!JrJ~
~
*-
Mieilgu6
l!]1
America
Notes
(D
Qing, jln!
"Come in, "OTIlQ (ii!J please! " used for making polite requests.
- 38-
to ask his/her
"Olnqwen
asking
(iff I'P))"
me, but...",
a question.
de xueshenq
of) the Language Institute."
This informal
way of asking
speaking
are talking
Pronunciation Drills
-o±--BJ: F' mJ-BJ:
1.
Initials:
finals:
Oe
(jon
mil"
jI jio jicn jiong jln
Spelling
qT qio qion qiong qTn xT xio
xion
xiong xTn
- 39-
jTng ju jue
juon
gUT zhOn
2.
i!QPf
jT zhe qTng jTn guT xTng xion sheng yO yon xue yuon xT hon jio
3.
jf
j'f
zhe qfng
xfng
xion
gul xing
xion
yOyan xueyuan
xuext
Honyu
Jionada
mil
Sound discrimination
qico tfng
(to stop)
yue -(month)
ye
(night)
dUI -(right)
tul
tion -(field)
yon -(speech)
yang
(sheep)
zhl -(only)
chi
(ruler)
4.
mJiJ
Tone discrimination
sh6u -(hand)
shou
(thin)
xio -(down)
xio
shul -(water)
shul
(to sleep)
- 40-
xTn
(heart)
xln
(letter)
boi -(white)
boi
xico
(small )
xico
(to laugh)
5.
JfJRfdl-€t
" v"+"-"
Combination of tones
"v "+" ,,, "v"+"v" "v"+" , " "V"+"
0 "
ldoshi BeijTng
(Beijing)
yuyon IIJxfng
(to travel)
keyY yCJfo
(grammar)
qYng jln
kuoshl
(exam)
women jiejie
(elder sister)
" '''+''-''
"'"+'''''
,,'
"+" v"
,,'
"+" ,,,
" , "+"
"
Ub6 mionbco
(bread)
woipo
Honyu
gulxlng
zhuyl
(to pay attention to)
meirnei keqi
(courtesy)
lionxt
(exercise)
boozhl
(newspaper)
6. ~
if;;..
Fovu
(French)
nushl (Madam)
7.
(Pay attention to your pronunciation.) (Pay attention to your tones.) (Is it right? ) (It's right)
- 41 -
.1
II :II
III !!!
I!
I: .; ••••••
' .••••.
.. iI
II II II
:II
'I
••
II:
I.
!!I
!!I
'II •
II ••
I: .'
(-) [iw* it if
;;g!!1 s;t!':§'
·
,I
: KEY SENTENCES ., 1. Key'l jinlai ma? 2. Q'Ing jlnl "? 3 ,. N'In gUlxlng. 4. W6 xlnq Lu, jioo l.u yupfng. : 5. Renshi nl hen gOOXlJrlg. :. 6. W6 shl Yuyon xueyuon de xueshenq. 7. W6 xuext Honyu.
· · ·
'I
••
11 •••••
II
II
•••••••
III 'I
II
,:
..
"!!I
lI!!iI
••
II
!!II
I: •
I:
•••
II
••
iii
II!!
l1li
Ii
••••
,Ii
A: -----------------------------B:
( .. ) r (OJ 9:i~
Asking someone's
name
1
dialogues
the following
B: W6 xing A: W6 iioo
, jioo
w6 hen gooxing.
B:
(2)
shenrnev
(3)
shenrnev
(4)
shenmev
-42 -
( .=.)
I~ lr!B ft
'rnjl:~~
Ask everyone
Introducing oneself]
dialogue
himself/herself in a meeting by imitating Dialogue II
In
Situational
to introduce
the
text.
( 1m)
~JT~
itilo
I~'"
~
1.
Phonetics
key
voiceless palatal affricate. To produce this sound, first raise and press the tip of the tongue
£if~t!
Initials:
Pronunciation
j is an unaspirated
the front of the tongue to the hard palate against squeeze the back of the lower teeth, out through the channel
and then loosen the tongue and let the air and the
It
IS
produced
In
as
is a voiceless
palatal
fricative.
To produce
it,
toward (but not touching) vocal cords do not vibrate. Note-The "u"
with "j",
and compound
2.
m2i~OOJ
(1) When (2) When
Spelling rules
the compound final
"uei"
is combined gul.
with initials,
it
IS
simplified
to
-UI
and
For example:
the compound
"uen"
is combined
with initials,
it
IS
simplified
to -un.
lun.
"0"
IS
combined
with j,
q and x ,
the
two dots
over
it are
omitted.
For
"y" is added
For example:
Xueyuon.
"0".
"J", "q", and "x" are never combined with "u" and
- 43-
· r-;
"~"¥iU(l)
~I
(1)
Grammar
Subject
Predicate
Adv
V"~"
~
N/NP
Pt
1m To
J;;b MG
~Jifi
shl
IGoshT.
*11 Dawei
/G
~Jifio
lcoshr.
bu
shl
~
To
~m
B" sentence, by putting
~:'±.
xuesheng
is used to connect "~ ".
~?
shl
the verb "~" before
mov
the two parts. Its negative
"/G "
the verb
If the sentence
is not particularly
is read softly.
The adverb
.Chinese Characters
1.
~JH&Jil!J Rules of
Example
stroke order
Rule to Write
Horizontal before vertical before downward-right
Stroke Order
+
A
-+
J
-3t
'0
Downward-left
1-ll;
/"
'0
1-ll;
/"
'0
From left to right From top to bottom From outside to inside before closing
JJ
i!l
1
J1
JJ fi1
IJ
n
J
i!l
1
Outside
before inside
J'
J'
- 44-
2.
(1)
-- -t:
2 strokes
(2)
IJ'
xioo
small,
IJ
;J'
3 strokes ~" 4 strokes
" 'u
, ...
little
I,
(3 ) I\.,;
I~
I~
I~
xTn
Note:
"
is written
as
" If " , as
In
"lti:" .
(4)
J1<shul
Note: water
:t
\.
, -'ht
f ,'\
1
:-..
(5)
J]
yue
moon
)
~ hand
n Jl J]
4 strokes ~
»
f
EI3
" , as
In
"~51",
(6)
-t
sh6u
Note:
_::_-t
"+"
4 strokes is written as
~..!!dk
/
;.. , ./
(7)
W
tion
field
"i ''.
'fu-~-' ,::,.._r~
"\'i~"'j'~ \r~1r
I1I-1fF1W
5 strokes
~'~',''':'''
""
.I,.:~
(8)
s]
boi
white
OAs]
/
(~ + r=1)
5 strokes
(9)
/,
,
only
11 0
/,
(0
+ /,)
5 strokes
zhl
(10)
:
speech
.;-
_!-'';-
-, -
.;-
yon
Note:
"
.;p
7 strokes
"+"
D
l
as
'06.;
~
'-
,-~
I~
9NI'1;t..
I
,I
'j ~·Io?
is written
" -i " ,
as
In
"iA. if,.",
- 45-
3.
(1)
iA.~.:t:J:f1if.J&¥ Learn
texts i_A:i;; renshi C-,tZ{, ~)
,
1("i ",
+A.
side plus the phonetic side, "A" . )
the meaning
("i ",
(2)
the meaning
side,
denotes
language-related
behavior.)
if>i.
yuyon (~i.)
+1L+12
I'
, (sandianshuT)(the
"three-drops-of-water" side)
3 strokes
Ul~ )
,
, ,
+5l
I\.;
(4)
f~ nfn
1$
-+
1~ +
have"
T
(5)
(y6uzltou)(lhe"Lo AJJ
top)
~/
s.
2 strokes
penqyou
JJJJ -+ jJ
+ jJ
5l
Ji_
(6)
--1-
;- +
tf
11 .,
(7)
Yl
J -r
(jiaozlpang)
J1~
(the
"calling"
side)
l-
2 strokes
jioo
11~ .. ~
12
- 46-
~ (8)
(shoozlponq)
'7 ~
3 strokes
f8 de
tJ'-] -»
+~
- 47-
to find
in and
By the end of this lesson, look for people, and say goodbye in Chinese. your pronunciation
, ~liiJ
Lesson 5
Canting zci
1tff 1£
nor
~~)L
Mo Dawei:
Olnqwen,
de sushe rnov
(l~
bb
k_J:J :
it (OJ
;:E_o
B
it Jf:.._
i-~
J ~ -i\
1~~t- rt~?
Nu
*
bb
;!!.1.. ~ .:
ili,
.r,
'_;E.. 11')
4:0
.?±- 1119 ?
Mo Dowei.
.k 7b :
xueshenq.
1M1·~t
0
Ij'*
Nu
f1;
To bu zoi.
-}; *1-:
Mo Dawei:
:kt /G /(f_
To zoi nor? ~
*-fJ : Af..1. ~
:
:W!. it vJJ~JL ?
w6
*"
bb
Nu
xueshenq. Dulbuql,
xt~~?
Mei guonxi. ~§t
Zoijinn.
bu zhTdao.®
-fj(, ~
J;Pito
Mo Dowel,
k7b :
*- K>:.
Hco , zoijion.
0
:ij-,
_,"L 0
-* ~ 1-:
- 48-
l\Ju xueshenq.
-1f-JLo
~ i~
2. zoi 3. nor
NewWr
ords
1. canting
Jrk-ff
:(J_
1I)]~JL
dining room to be (here, there) where May I ask ... ? to ask this dormitory female student to enter to sit
j
V QPr
V V
to be (in, on , at)
* 4. qlnqwen
wen
itlOJ
I';]
* 5.
zhe
Pr
N A
6. sushe 7. nu
i! ~%
* 8.
xueshenq
*
iti
~1_
* 9. jln
10. zuo 11. xiexie 12. dulbuql
v v
V
i~ti~t
){t~~
~
IE Pr
V
* 13. w6
14. zhTdao 15. mel guanxi
I; me
to know never mind; good; well; it doesn't matter fine;
:1-J731L
:J1. ¥- ~ rs: A ;r;
IE
A
O.K.
IE
Adv
zoi
18. WOlng xiooyun
PN
Mo Dowei.
Xioojie,
qlnqwen canting
Ib k JfJ :
Xioojie:
11'. ~lL,
it f~
zoi nor?
If
1±1IJ
!IJJ~JL?
JJ~*.
Mo Dowei.
C [j:f[itlj]
-=-~
VS]
Expressing
thanks"
,
r
=
Xioojie:
I
, r,
_. ,
\
I ,
Buyonq
xie.@
J' JiI. :
;r: Jf]
1~t
'.1
- 49-
Song Huo:
Dawei,
women
zci zher.
*~
ir-: k)1] :
Xiooyun.
I
kJ.J
.:f\1n
wo
1f_
iiJLo
e])
Mo Dawei:
Dulbuql,
It:f:~,
$.
0
Wang
__f_
Mei guonxi.
J ~ -i;- :
New Words
~.t
* ff.
*-
nh 10 s.
:£i~
l. xioojie 2.
N
Nu M Nu
'J~-ML
~
young lady
er
3. ceng 4. ling 5. 81
floor
,0
ro:J ?
'0
N1!l N Adv
Pr
6. hao
7. Ibuyong 8. zher 9. won
~m
~
:iK_)L
A
Pt
lO. Ie
11. Song
- 50-
r
;R1-t
T
Huo
PN
(name
student)
CD
=. 51~n
Wang, xicovun zci rnov
"Is Wang Xiaoyun in? " "Where is she? "
Notes
@ To zoi nOr?
DulbuqT, w6 bu zhTdao.
"dulbuql (xt /F fIi:,)"
is a phrase commonly used
In
making
excuses
or apologies,
and
the response
to it is usually
@ Buyong xie.
"Don't mention it." to an expression of thanks. One may also say, This phrase xie (/G is used as a response
"Bu
1~~1') ".
~-~"~i~~~~
F ,-
Pronunciation Drills
-±.--BJ: Initials:
Finals:
fW-Bt
1.
-i [1]
long
er
ua uan uang un
miff
zo zT zO
Speng lli
co cT cO so sT sO
- 51 -
qOn kuo
fOUI
xOn huo
lmJ1i
zci
The
tones
zci zoi zoi
can tfng ceng er wen xie wan yong wang yun song hua
contlng sl ceng
er hoo qlnqwen xiexie zoijion
Song Hua
--
cl
qie -(and)
jie kuo
[ion
(to see)
--
qion
qTng -(blue-green)
jTng
kuoi
(quick)
huon --
huonq
- 52-
--
sT yang
jYng
(well)
qYng wen
er
(two)
er
(son)
yang
xionq
(bear)
xiong
5.
mJ-£U:er~JL1tOO
er (two) erzi (son) erduo (ear) nu'er (daughter)
6.
J1fWm1t
"-,, + "-,,
Combination of tones
"-,,+" ; "
YTngguo shenqci
(new word)
"-,,+"
JinglY qionbl
(pencil)
v"
"-"+" ,,,
gooxlng gongzua
(work)
"-,,+"
xiOxi
(rest)
"
contlng feijT
(plane)
xionshenq
kciche
(to drive a car)
huonyfng
(to welcome)
kcishl
(to start )
shcnqdicn
(shop)
qTzi
(wife)
" ; "+"-,,
mlnqtion
(tomorrow)
" ; "+"
youyang
(to swim)
v"
" ; "+"
"
shenme mfngzi
(name)
shfjion
(time)
pfjiO
(beer)
zuotion
(yesterday)
zuqiu
(football )
cfdion
(dictionary )
cldoi
(audio tape)
haizi
(child)
8.
~if;;i!E~
shtyonshl
bonqonqsh'
tYyuguon
woishlchu
tfngchechong
9.
tuJ~~?IJiaatmii
Oing nion kewen.
Oing nion shenqcl. (Please read the new words.) W6 shuo , nimen tTng. (Listen to me.)
., :
'I ••
III ••••
II,
Ii
I!'
'"
••••
III ill,
•••
I!!
•.
1iI.
iii
II
.ii:
iii
ill
il
••••••
' III
.1
KEY SENTENCES
1. Olng jilin, qlng zuo.
2. W6 bu zhTdao. 3. Zoijion.
'.,
.
'
4. Olnqwen, canting
5. X'iexie . 6. Buyonq xie. T Dulbuql. 8. lMei 9'uanxi.
zoi nor?
· · · · .· '
1'1.
~!!II
.. '.'Ii
••••••••
!trlii
III I
Il'."
......
111.
Iii
Iii
••
, •••
( -)
[fCJ t-tl'LB Asking for directions 1 1. j[; ~ T 3JIJ *,-1'r§- Complete the following
(1) A:
dialogues
Olnqwen,
B:
A: Xiexie,
B:
- 54-
'It~ii:'1f5
Situational
dialogues
In an unfamiliar
building:
(Et!1~, diontl).
following dialogues
B:
(2) A: ____________________
7
Yang lcoshl.
(2) Un No:
uoo
zoi ma
- ss-
( -)
r J! fJ:
(1)
Making an apology]
Make a dialogue based on the picture
J-.:;
0'::1;1
~'I~I~i!
A: B·
(2) A:
B:
( IIT!)
Complete
, w6 shl
c:
to
A: NY
B: W6 bu shl waiyO IGoshT. W6 sht
(1i)
0 -t
1~t1At
- 56-
'*
*
ix__
'Jl-
10] ,
xi ;r; ~
¥- ~ A tr'-
..Ll. . "};CJ EI
:c
'3i.3Z.
Phonetics
by itself but is attached by the letter as in to another to the
1.
JL1tM
The final
to the character
in question,
"nclr(13JiUL)".
2.
~if~ti
z
c
Pronunciation key
like "ds" in "beds" with aspiration e.g. "s" in "see " pronunciation) like "ts" in "cats", pronounced like "er"
Initials:
s
Finals:
as in English, in "sister"
-r (final)
(American
Grammar
Questions
wi th an interrogative
pronoun
Question
---+
No shl shei?
JJ~
s.
-lii
4~1n
::t yip 0
---+
s: iii ?
ji
Wo xing Mo.
~
NY xing sherrnev
1t
-- -*0
rEm.
Ao
In
'it ~?
zoi nor?
Canting
Canting
t-ff To sill
:kt
7Z.
a
Zhongguo
---+
t-ff To shl
:lit
;(J_
PJ)~ JL
rp~
s.
no guo renv
(I)J~
l!l
A?
is the same as that in a the part
a question
pronoun pronoun
simply replaces
of the sentence
corresponds. - 57-
t.
l.tJt*j[1t~IlII(l)
Stroke
-?
5)(~-
I.-.T... ~.".
-~
Chinese Characters
1~
11;
x_
written
--,
"~" -
;;
with a downward
turn
to
is written
"Jl..",
in
1
1-
1'1
is: 1:0
"i'l ",
The horizontal then an stroke upward with turn stroke a downward to in the
~p
turn,
IS
hengzheti shugou
and
right,
,
written
""li"
with a hook,
is written
like
stroke in
"T",
2. iA.~~*tJt*
(1)
er
1-
two
JL
2 strokes
~ =--==:rr.
(2)
JL (jG)
er
son
2 strokes
-?
'3
-if #
r--:')
.-/!
(3 )
zT
(4)
..
-'
son
'"
I.)
jTng
(5)
1t-
-_:::::.j=-1twell
Jt
wen
written language 4 strokes
- 58-
(7)
lL
qie
Note: loaned and function
nFfFflL
5 strokes
for ";f1l" (zu, ancestor). for the original When character. it became a
(8)
V!J
81
four
17 V1 vq V!J
5 strokes
(9) ~
w6
I,me
7 strokes
(10)
11
qTng
blue-green 8 strokes
3.
t.J...~~:x ~
in the texts
1(zuizltou)
(1) ~
strokes
zoi
;(±_~1+_±'
(2)
J.
+ _±.
(3)
it
I~
-----*
i + 11
side is
(The meaning
-----*
1'1 +
0
- 59-
:t_
(z6uzhTdT)(the
"hurrying"
side)
3 strokes
(4) ~
zhe (li)
1! __,. { + )
(5)
i._
Hi jln (11!..)
±!
(6)
--+
-Jt-
+ i._
1}X zoijion
(1}JL)
1} ----+ -
n
top)
+ _±_
6 strokes)
(-rnFJr1-1t
r-z".
(7)
(xuezltou)
~
(the
"study"
, \\
\\!
/'! ~
'*
5 strokes
1.. xueshenq
(~1..)
--+
r-z".
+ -f
(8)
M- hco
(9)
IJ'1JL xiaojie
~n----+
-Jt.
+ II
(the "use" frame) )
(yonqzlkuonq)
2 strokes
(10) ~ JfJ
buyonq
JtJ
--+n
+t
- 60-
Chinese Dictionaries
Unlike dictionaries piled most English are organized dictionaries, in a number in question, alphabetically (New Chinese in which entries of different ways. romanization according are arranged Chinese system), to radical, Hanyu at present alphabetically, dictionaries by the number whereas Cidian Chinese of strokes dictioChiReThe entries.
can be com-
alphabetically
(using pinyin
or another
used to write the character published naries are often arranged Zidian
are among the most widely used dictionaries The first is a pocketsize characters, dictionary words, definitions, and idiomatic and the detailed students
It covers
of Words) language
in multi-volume
sets. Currently
- 61 -
you will be able to learn what to do what another person has said. how to and how to make suggestions,
suggestions,
.7\t~Lesson
(H3a
Review)
~1rJ
-*
1'1l0
Wf~Jj(,
~f
Text
Q~
-. il>lt~
Wong
.E,
Xiooyun.
J
Un
No, zuoticn
ofJ;..
de jTngju zenmeyonq-
CD
J \ -i::: :
tf-. -Mil,
1f<-'~l; ';it IIIJ j-1J,
a~
-;f: }!1]
;:~~
It: ;i,. if ?
1Lz M- ,
Un
~t -Mil:
No·
;f£[
t: 1'£'
.ia:
XJ
Jlntion
0
~.:k
11-g.. ? ~J
-t\ 1n -i-
Wong
_£
Xiooyun,
J
J'
-i;" :
k -lif 1! 1t ~
Xionzoi qu ,
at +~ };;?
@
Un
No·
Xiooyun,
I
key! mov
\7_~
~t- -itJJII:
Wong
.E,
JJiG~
Key!.
4-, \1f VA
0
J \ -i;.-
P'f VA
- 62-
New Words
v
VO N N QPr IE N N N Adv QPr N N
to go
~,1j<..
atk
"tjlJ
I&~/II
k/..}¥
q..k
ticn
8. tionql 9. toi
s:
J\._
A_~
* 10.
shenrne
1t~
E'r1r~_
JJt1±-
(B)
DTng Ubo: Yang
T
Yang
}Jilt:
looshr.
fm
;t Yip,
~k
1~ ifst
faJ
vl1; 7
Dulbuql,
ih
T
xt ~~,
sf] ~
DTng Ubo:
Mfngtion
1~;f:f
st fSJ
me?
vi!;?
i'
-1\ 11'1
Yang
* Jr
J;f..,
SfJ:k
:kt "19 7
~
(/)
_ _J
looshl.
Hen booqion,
mlnqtion wo
-r\
ih
~E~,
.....
1~ IIi:,
...... 0
)'}'t ,~ I~~ ~
,
1To
,,!-
Xiexie rumen.
- 63-
~l~
New Words
1. minqtion
N V N V M VO V N
I'1jJ *-
t"
Et is]
oren
do qi'lJ dio
qiu
iJt i&
to play ball to play ball to fed busy to be afraid that; to be O.K. to thank you (pl.] perhaps SalTY Isorry
VIA
A Adv
v
V
Pr
4-r
~d~
j!H~t
1t-1fl
_, ~+m& lI.ff
" commonly
Notes
CD
Zuotion
"...
de jTngju zenmeyang?
Beijing opera? " is an expression most extensive used to ask for someone's Beijing opera has enjoyed As a unique OpIniOn. the greatest of
"How was yesterday's zenmeyang? and culture, has the Among the roughly popularity Chinese
""',
('j\JfT!
happy
)"
is an expression
agreement
with a suggestion.
(y.J )" or
- 64 -
(y.J ) ".
Mrngt,icln nfn
you
shfjian rna?
"
yr
olen.
" words were not heard clearly and you would like
to repeat
rnfngtion
wo
hen monq,
kongpo bu xing.
refusal.
1.
mtf
Review
2. U!lPf The four tones you you you yang yong zuo zuo zuo
tion tion
youyong
zuotion
jln qT
xicn
tion jln
jTntian
mlnqtion tionql xionzoi
rnfng qf
xicn
ming qi
xion
mlng ql
xicn
jTng jO boo
qion
ju baa
qion
jlng jO boo
qion
jlng ju baa
qion
jlngju
bcoqion konqpo bu xfng
- 65-
kong xTng
xfng
kong xing
kong xing
3.
mtf
jiO -(nine)
Sound discrimination
xiu
sT
(private)
shT
cun
(inch)
zun juan
ql -(air)
jl
tul
guan
4.
wong san
ken
(to see)
--
kan
shen
gong
(labor)
gong -guai
san
(three)
shen -(body)
guoi
5. JliMm1t
" '1/"+ "-,,
Combination of tones
" '1/"+" / " "'1/"+"'1/" " '1/"+" , " "'1/"+"0
"
looshl
yOyTn
(pronunciation)
yOyon do qiu
qlchuonq
(to get up)
keYI yCJfa
(grammar)
jiejie
zenme
(how)
xicoshuo
(novel)
fudco
(coach)
Ylzi
(chair)
",,,+,,/,,
"'''+'''1/''
"'"+'''''
"'''+''0
"
shang ban
(to go to work)
sl ceng
kewen
(text)
woiyO dionYlng
(movie)
booqion hulhuo
(conversation)
xiexie rneimei
qlche
(car)
luyTn
(sound recording)
fuxf
(review)
diormco
(computer)
Honzl
(Chinese character)
keqi
chongge
tioowu
xlzoo
(class
shuljioo
~lt~~il
xie Honzl
lionxl
tTng luyTn
- 66 -
fonyl juzi (to translate sentence) yong dionnoo (to use computer)
8.
Guan Oue
~.
Lou
~
-if
(Tang)
'Wang Zhlhuon
(;g- )
Bai
.r.
y1
Zi~
shon
~
rl
EJ He ~"f
jln,
R, ,
tJ
Huang
*ru
A
IiILJ.
Jr
YU
:(;_
qionq
'j]
qion
5ffu rnu,
0
'it
fyl
£
ceng
Geng
~
shang
lou.
~o
J:.
-*
(Please (Please (Please (Let's
9.
lIil-rJlJiJl1lJUm
Ol'ng ken shu. Ol'ng xie Hcnzl.
.'
11
'Ii
I!l
iI
,iii,
III
III
II
11\1
II
III
II
!!
IIij
.Ii
••
Ii!
I, II,
ii, iii
II
III
iii
,Iii.
"
,ill
,I I!i
II
II
II
!!!
iii
"
III
II
II!
II:
III. ill
iii!
II
iii
Ii,
Ii
II
I, !I
Ii
II
I!
iii
III
II
110
KEY SENTENCES
1. Zuotion de ]Tngl~IJ zsnrnsyonq? 2. Jmtion tionql hen hoo, women qu youyonq, hdo ma? : 3. Tel hoo le!1 Shenrne shlhou qu? : 4. xicnzo: qUI, keyl' ma? . 5. Keyl'. 6. Mingtion
nin you shljlcn ma? konqpo
..
III'
bu xlnq.
tIi ill II
Ii!
.
- 67-
'II!
II III.
'.' II Ii
II II.
'I!I
II I!!
'.I!!I
III "
11111
'I!II!III!I
II
II.
II
II'.
II II II,.
II
II II II II II II.
_.,
II Ii
11111'11
II
II
••
"
II' It
...
II II II lI.
(-)
[~i)(
(1) A:
Making suggestions]
a dialogue based on the picture , hoo ma?
----------------?
W I!I~-~_ Make
, keyY ma?
B:
(2)
A:
, hoo mov
Shenme shfhou qU?
B:
A:
I["(':f)'~ '~'-T
'f'i
, keyY ma?
DulbuqY, Mei guEmxi.
A'.
B:
A:
fT
.GAl - ~'-:_-.
J\\
~~'
_'J!"' ~\;'-.
'fi_f;
(=) [i~
W [~I~i:~ A: A:
( .=.)
*:m
B: Du'ibuqY,
?
~ I!I~-~!Make
(1)
A: Olnqwen,
A:
(2) A: Zhe shl shenmev B: Zhe shl xionqrnco.
A: Xi6ngmoo zenmeyonqv
B:
- 68-
egg) f~f1Jl'mHfJ~i%ill~T~
(1) A: Nfn hco!
B: I\lfn hoo!
A: Olnqwen,
nfn gulxlng?
{7t
r~
B: W6 xing U, jioo U Moll. Olnqwen , nfn xlnq shenrnev A: W6 xing Song, B: W6 shl Meigu6 xueshenq. A: Henshi nfn hen qooxlnq. Renshi nfn, w6 ye hen gooxlng.
! , '\
jioo Song Huo. l\Jfn shl no gu6 ren? ren, shl Beijing
B:
, 'I
\.
""('?t:-.;-\ \
I~-~'
j
.. ~..._
~."" , .. ,
J_)~ to..
if ,I,;:
j
'J \ ,,('./1'\
(
B:
A:
nY ne?
L ~J,J/~.(·
"~
,)..
1J:~;;bf l I' i
..l.
1-'.
.~)
-, __,: J,.
nco.
Mall,
B: NY hoo.
A: Zhe shl Moll. C: NY hco. W6 jioo Moll, shl Beijing xuexl Honyu. Doxue de xueshenq. W6
ren ma?
A:
To shl shei? To shl w6men laoshT. ren ma? reno To xing Chen.
B:
A:
B:
A:
B:
A:
B:
- 69-
(4)
zoi nor?
B: Zai wu cenq.
A: Chen looshi
zoi ma?
.., \-.;,
~~'
~.,
'r-'{ _",'fl
r\1:$(r~~
(
.~
~i
~~~J'C .:
_.::1' ~ .;
~
I
-I
~t
' r~
I, -'
B: Wang xionshenq , nin hco. Oll1g jln, qlng zuo. A: Du'fbuqi, wo loi wan Ie. B: Mei quonxi. Nil1 yeo kofei rnov A: Wo bu yeo. Xiexie. Mingtion women qu ken jinqju, B: Dulbuql,
(E)
hoo ma?
-1'\ 5.t I1JT ik Ji , it 11- iYL - iJ& xt ~ ~, EjJ *--1'\ 5.t;{:f at fa] , f& 't~~ 4T
0
n. i~~
1. "-"trtJ~~
Normally word, phrase in the fourth "-"
Phonetics
by itself, "-" at the end of a is pronounced It is
Tone
sandhi of "_,,
in the first tone when it stands number. tone, a first tone, second or is used as an ordinal However, or third
is pronounced
or sentence,
tone syllable.
a fourth tone.
yT +
~
v
----+
yl +
~
v
example:
yl pfng
(one bottle)
yT +
-70 -
----+
yf +
2.
* Table
we can
syllables
distinguish
1,200
syllables.
$iiJiNl!1lJ
The main object usually
1\. i-B)1i
in a sentence
Gramlnar
0 ~JJu~F kafei
1l1l? rna?
rli?J? ma?
0
1fF
NY
yoo
ft1n
Women
1!f~
dou
,llb)j 'T-"---
lx i!
xuexi
~JT
Canting
tE
zoi
ft
Wo
/G
bu
9;Omo
zhTdao.
ft
WO
M:
xing
~mo
l.u. ijYj\ y]~
0
1«B
Ta
1$
Jl!J"'
~4
jico
E!Jj5C
Un No.
I
rli?J?
if
you
Btl'S]
shljion
l\Jin
rnlnqtion
mov
-71 -
t. )X~
Stroke
I
Chinese Characters
Way to Write
stroke with a horizontal like the second turn to stroke
shuzhe
J-J
the right,
is written
. In
The
"LlJ " ,
vertical stroke is written with an upward turn to
In
shun
v~
the right,
"I)),",
The vertical
stroke
turn stroke
to
shuzhezhegou
the right,
~
turn and a
10
hook,
"'EJ" .
C.
I henqzhewcn
gou
The
horizontal then
stroke
with turn
turn, and
-JL
and
a horizontal hook,
is written
"11" ,
stroke to the left, and then a like
The downward
piezhe
IS written
"1:..",
<
2.
piedion
*"
strokes
strokes strokes like
~IOOm1t Combination of
The relationship between are three ways to combine (1) Adjacent (2) (3) (not attached)
in a Chinese
character
can be essential
to its meamng,
There
in a character:
"--t"
'T"
"*"
"r:";
"A" ,Po..,
")L",
A; "±" ",I," I-LI,
,,__.. "
-,
,/ "--!-.,, u,
"T"
"*,".
- 72 -
3.
lAli~*& ~ Learn
(1)
1L
jiO
mne
1L
2 strokes
(2)
L
sT
private 2 strokes
(3)
-t
cun
--t-t
a unit of inch 3 strokes
( 4)
.r,
gong
labour
-r .r,
3 strokes
I,
'---....__
,/
wang
to die
3 strokes
(6)
ql ...
san
three
3 strokes
- --
(7)
~ C~) --C~
aIr
--C
4 strokes
(8)
3L
11
-... ...
\
to stand
(9)
3r
shen
Note: "~"
,~
(
~ ~
~ iJ 3r
7 strokes of a character,
body
(10)
JL
dul
to exchange
7 strokes -73 -
4.
iA.~ilx.:p tI9&¥
texts
(1) };;-
(2)
*"
;tr
If!;. W
I~
qu
~ ~ ~
r
5L
...
Fl
' I\..>"
ft-
+ SJ + ' + I\..>"
k_
(3)
k ~ tionql (k~)
~ ~
-+
k_ +
(4)
toi
*1t
~
(5)
1t~
shenme (~~)
-~
1
/
+
~
----+
(6)
st ~
EJ +
-t
time.)
;:L
side denotes
+
(7) 13l.1f_
*10 strokes)
xionzo i (JJL1f_)
J}L ~
(8)
YL
aJJ k
aJJ~
mlnqticn
El +j]
the "sun" side and the "moon" side, "J]", denote light.)
(9)
at faJ
shijion (at M )
fa]
(0)
1'1
( ~JL ) -"
, "}
iYL shuo
1JL
,,?
-----+
+ Jt
3 strokes "«:"
IS
't
(1)
(shuxlnponq)
(On the left side of a character, written as
",t ".)
,ti: mcnq
Iji: ~
(2)
't + -t+~
1~t---+ i -
+-t
_
Chinese ever since.
_ ~1t~Di.R
Beijing about thesizing featuring melodies opera is a branch instrumental motions of traditional music,
Cultural Notes
Beijing Opera
musical drama. acrobatics, It took shape and martial in Beijing art synarts, and
150 years ago and has been popular recitation, symbolic and stage design.
Beijing
singing,
dancing, beats
movements Bei-
of the actors
are accompanied
or the haunting
alt.
of traditional
instruments.
in Chinese
to many Chinese.
-75 -
The first
IC
SIX
lessons
of this textbook provide an overview of the phonetwhich consists in Chinese. is to acquire of twenty-one initials, thirThere are only a little over 1,200 Now that you can use the ability to communihow to respond to you have met with more forty key sentences as well as also Chinese. characters You have
ty-eight
ways of combining
sixty basic
vocabulary
-76 -