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Mc ch mn hc
n Gii
thiu v cng ngh mng cp quang n Gii thiu v cc m hnh mng cp quang n Gii thiu v cc vn trong thit k mng cp quang
Ni dung
n Gii
thiu v mng cp quang n Cc kin trc mng s dng cp quang n Cc thnh phn ca mng WDM n Thit k mng cp quang n D phng v khi phc n Mng truy nhp
nh gi
n im n im
Hc
qu trnh:30%
tra gia k
Kim
cui k: 70%
Ni dung
Kin trc mng truyn thng Cng ngh chuyn mch knh, gi Mng cp quang
Cp quang Cc k thut dn knh dng trong mng cp quang Cc th h mng cp quang Hin trng s dng mng cp quang trn th gii Cc thit b trong mng cp quang
Central office = Point of Presence (PoP) Xy dng cc kt ni longhaul rt t v vy kt ni ny thng c xy dng vi dung lng di d
cp quang dn nh sng
n u
im im
Bng
n ng
User
User
Opt ic Am al p
Optical Router/ switch
User
User
User User
1958: Laser discovered Mid-60s: Guided wave optics demonstrated 1970: Production of low-loss fibers
Made Made
70s-80s: Use of fiber in telephony: SONET n Mid-80s: LANs/MANs: broadcast-and-select architectures n 1988: First trans-atlantic optical fiber laid n Late-80s: EDFA (optical amplifier) developed
Greatly
n n
Cp quang
n n
mang tnh cht sng: phn xa, tn za, nhiu, phn cc, suy yu, mt mt Gm nhiu bc sng Truyn i theo hng thng
Cc ch truyn
Multi-mode (c)
Truyn
nhiu tia sng Li ln, ngun sang r Nhiu gia cc ch truyn Sinh li tn hiu sau mi 10km Tc 32-140 Mbps
n
Single-mode (mi)
Truyn
mt tia sng Li nh, ngun sng t tin Loi b nhiu Sinh li tn hiu sau mi 40km Tc vi trm Mbps
Mng cp quang th h 1
n Tn
n Thng
dng cng ngh dn knh TDM n S dng rng ri trong cc mng vin thng n VD: SONET/SDH
Mng cp quang th h 2
n nh
tuyn, chuyn mch v cc chc nng mng thng minh c thc hin trong min tn hiu quang n Thng dng cng ngh dn knh WDM n Tn hiu thng mt bc sng t u n cui
cn
1
2
V d mng WDM
n n
Chuyn i d liu u cui sang dng quang Dn knh Khuych i Ghp thm hoc r nhnh mt phn bng thng Chuyn mch quang hc
Knh: ng i t ngun n ch D liu c truyn trn mt knh c nh m bo bng thng khng i cho mi kt ni Bng thng tng ca cc kt ni <= bng thng mi link Khng hiu qu i vi lung d liu khng n nh D liu c chia thnh cc gi Cc gi c chuyn mch theo a ch ch Dn knh cc gi trn cng mt link Bng thng tng ca cc kt ni >= bng thng mi link
Chuyn mch gi
l l l l
mch knh
Thng thng cc mng cp quang dng cng ngh chuyn mch knh nh tuyn cn c xc nh trc cho tng S dng trong SONET/SDH, WDM
n Chuyn
Chuyn mch
n Chuyn
Thc
n Chuyn
Thc
hn cng ngh chuyn mch quang n Vn ang c s dng rng ri hin nay n Hot ng
Chuyn
n
i tn hiu quang in
Thc
n
Chuyn i Optoelectronic
Chuyn
1R: khuych i, khng iu ch li 2R: khuych i, khi phc li dng xung tn hiu 3R: khuych i, khi phc li dng xung v rng xung
Thng
Cc mng dng cng ngh chuyn mch knh cho tng quang
Mng SONET/ SDH Mng ATM Mng WDM n v d liu l cc bust n v d liu l cc gi tin
n n
Mng SONET/SDH
n
a ra bi Telcordia, USA dng Bc M a ra bi ETSI, t chc chun Telecom chu u dng chu u, Nht, Vit Nam
n n n n
S dng cp quang trn cc kt ni Hot ng theo c ch chuyn mch knh Dng cng ngh TDM S dng c ch dn knh ng b ti cc nt
n n
nh ngha khun dng frame d liu c dn knh Chun SONET/SDH c pht trin kt hp vi mt s topo v phng php d phng ring
Mng SONET/SDH
n
Mng SONET/SDH
Mng SONET/SDH
n ADM: n DCS:
Add/drop mux
tch cc lung d liu nh vo ng truyn
Ghp,
Digital Cross-connect
Chuyn
mch in iu khin bng phn mm Cho php gp (grooming) hoc tch cc lung d liu nh n mc DS-x Chuyn mch cc lung ny gia cc cng
Failure-free State
AC C A A
AC C A
Mng ATM
n ATM
53
Mng ATM
Mng WDM
Wavelength routed network
Mt bc sng l n v bng thng nh nht Chuyn mch bc sng
Wavelength continuity
Rng buc s lin tc v bc sng dc theo mi kt ni
Wavelength conversion
Chuyn i bc sng gii phng rng buc ti mt s im
IP
Optical (WDM)
(d)
IP/ATM/SONET/DWDM
IP/SONET/WDM
IP/WDM (m hnh d)
Router IP kt ni vi nhau trc tip bng ng cp quang D liu IP c truyn thc s trc tip trn cc bc sng m
khng ng gi trong mt khun dng khc.
Tng quang ch bao gm cc phn t th ng khng cu hnh li c: cp quang, MUX, OADM, khuych i
Chc nng chuyn mch, d phng, thit lp kt ni c thc hin nh IP hoc giao thc b tr nh MPLS
IP/WDM: u nhc im
u
p ng c nhu cu bng thng ngy cng cao ca tng IP nht l t cc ng dng Hight Definition TV IP-routers c cc giao din quang OC-48c/OC-192c c th tp hp d liu c hng trm Gbps truyn trn cp quang iu khin vic thit lp kt ni t u n cui s dng ch thc hin tng IP tp trung, hiu qu
l
Nhc
Cng ngh to cc cng router IP c dung lng ngy cng ln c nhiu terabit s c nh hng n hiu sut, tnh an ton v tc ph hi ???
Nhc
Cc tng gia IP v WDM to ra overhead d liu v iu khin. Vn iu khin lung d liu c thc hin c 2 min l (i) Mng IP nh tuyn d liu gia cc IP router (c ni logic vi nhau thng qua cc OXC) l (ii) Mng quang to lp cc lightpaths gia cc router IP l D liu khng c nh tuyn hiu qu ton cc
Cc tiu lun
Ch 1: Tm hiu cc gii php d phng mng Ch 2: Tm hiu v Optical Burst Switching Ch 3: Tm hiu v Optical Packet Switching Ch 4: Tm hiu v mng truy nhp s dng cp quang (FTTx) Ch 5: Tm hiu ng dng MatPlan (dng cho Matlab) thit k mng cp quang
k vt l: thit k ng i cp, im t nt mng Thit k logic: xc nh cc lightpath cn c nh tuyn v gn bc sng S dng cc b chuyn i bc sng
58
PA UT CA1 CO NE IL MD
CA2 GA TX
Thit k tng WDM Cn c yu cu thng lng ca tng trn SONET/SDH hoc IP Cn c vo gii hn s cng gii hn s lightpath dng ti mi nt V d
Cho trc A-B-C ni vi nhau bng cp quang WDM A,B,C ni vi cc router Mi cng router = 10 Gbps = 1 wavelength Thng lng yu cu:
n n n
Thng lng A-C s i trn link AB xung router B (chuyn i OEO) ri li i t B-C 10 bc sng t router A n router B 10 bc sng router B n router C A, C: 10 cng router B: 20 cng router 5 chuyn i OEO 5 bc sng t router A-B 5 bc sng t router B-C 5 bc sng i thng t router A n C khng xung router B OADM phi dng ti B r nhnh thng lng xung router B A, B, C: 10 cng router Khng c chuyn i OEO
Dng OADM
Lightpath:
Mt
Lightpath Topology
Xc
nh cc lightpath ca tng WDM tha mn ma trn thng lng Logical topo, virtual topo
n
Topo vt l
Topo
ca cc cp
k vt l
k cc ng i cp, v tr t cc nt
Thit Cho
k logic
trc cc nt truy cp (router), topo ca cp quang Cho trc ma trn thng lng yu cu (gia cc router) Yu cu
n
Bi ton tng i n gin Cho trc ma trn thng lng gia cc nt (router) Cho trc cc router Yu cu:
Xc
n
nh
n
n n
Rng buc
Cc
Mc tiu
Gim
ton LTD l bi ton multi-commodity n Thng c gii bng cch s dng phng trnh tuyn tnh (LP) m hnh ha n S dng cc cng c gii LP gii n C th dng cc heuristic gii khng ti u.
RWA
Cho trc cc lightpath v topo cc cp, v tr cc chuyn mch quang n Yu cu
n
Xc nh ng i cc lightpath trn topo cc cp Gn bc sng cho tng lightpath Wavelength
Routing Assignment
Mc tiu
Dng t bc sng C th c mc tiu
Rng buc
Hai
lightpath khng th cng dng 1 bc sng trn mt link Nu khng dng b chuyn i bc sng th mt lightpath phi dng cng mt bc sng trn tt c cc link dc theo n.
n
b hn ch
RWA
n
gim phc tp nh tuyn v Gn bc sng thng c gii trong 2 bc ring bit n nh tuyn
Fixed
path routing, Alternate-path routing, adaptive routing multicommodity flow formulation, randomized routing
n Gn bc sng S dng thut ton t mu th, First Fit and Random Fit, Least Used, Most Used, Min Product, Least Loaded, Max Sum
n
Gii hai bi ton ng thi s em li kt qu ti u hn, nhng y l bi ton NP-y nn kh c th c li gii chnh xc
d vi bng thng w
n n
Rng buc
Khng Tit
Khi nim c bn
n n n n n
Tnh sn sng Cc loi li D phng vs khi phc D phng dnh ring D phng chia s
Khi nim c bn
n
CallDropping Trigger Changeover of CCS Links May Drop Private Line Disconnect Voiceband Calls
1st AP Range 0 S 50 200 2 10 msec msec sec sec S c trn mng lm thit hi v tin
"Hit"
2nd Range
3rd Range
4th Range
5th Range
6th Range
5 min
30 min
Yu t th trng ca Survivability
Quan
li Phi tng chi ph mng c tnh t phc hi sau li u im To cc dch v cao cp em li li nhun ln
n n n
Dch v dnh cho doanh nghip Dch v cho cc t chc y t Dch v dnh cho cc t chc chnh ph
Vn
hnh phc tp hn
Network Survivability
n n
Tnh sn sng
99.999% Thm
Cn c k hoch i ph vi li
ti nguyn thay th, pht hin li v t ng nh hng cc lung d liu vng qua li thit b thay th khi s c xy ra
Khi phc:
Ch b sung bng thng, Tit kim ti nguyn Chm
b sn ti nguyn d phng thay th ti nguyn chnh khi xy ra s c Chuyn lung d liu t ng truyn b li sang ng d phng khi c s c xy ra Nhanh: 10s-100s of ms
S c
n Cc
loi s c
c thnh phn: trn link, nt, knh WDM, phn mm S c h thng: Thm ha c th hy hoi ton b trung tm kt ni
n Li
4.39
Tnh sn sng
Availability l xc sut thit b hot ng bnh thng
Availability =
n Mi
thnh phn ca mng c tnh sn sng 99.99% n One cut off call in 8000 calls (3 min for average call). Five ineffective calls in every 10,000 calls.
V d mng PSTN
NI
0.005 % AN 0.01 % NI : Network Interface LE : Local Exchange LD : Long Distance AN : Access Network
NI
0.005 % AN
LE
Facility Entrance
LE
0.01 %
LD
0.02 %
0.005 %
Source : http://www.packetcable.com/downloads/specs/pkt-tr-voipar-v01-001128.pdf
Protection
Protection Switching
topo
tnh: link, on, ng
Vng Tuyn
n Theo
D
s dng ti nguyn
D phng theo ng
D phng theo on
Mt
ti nguyn d phng ch dng bo v mt ng truyn chnh ti nguyn d phng c th c dng trong nhiu ng d phng bo v nhiu ng truyn chnh
n D
Mt
n D
TX BR Protection TX
RX SW RX
Working RX SW RX Protection TX TX BR
TX Bridge TX Protection
RX SW RX
RX SW RX
Working
TX Brigde
Protection
TX
APS Channel
Bidirectional line-switched ring BLSR 4 cp: 2 cp cho working, 2 cp cho protection BLSR 2 cp: Bng thng trn mi cp c chia i, vn chuyn working traffic, vn chuyn protection trafic
UPSR
BLSR
P-cycle
Mng mesh khng c topo hnh vng n To cc vng trong mng p-cycle n S dng c ch bo v theo topo vng n Cc link trn p-cycle v cc on ct p-cycle c bo v
n
Tc
Tiu ch
Tit
tip cn
thnh 2 bc nh tuyn:
n nh
nh
Remote Node
Mng in thoi ni b
S dng cp xon
HE: headend
Cp quang kt thc mt cabinet, di 1km cui n thu bao dng mng phn phi
ONU phc v mt s thu bao (8 to 64); t ONU n NIU dng cp ng (di 100m)
FTTC(Fiber To The Curb) / FTTB(Fiber To The Building);
ca NIUs;
Topo PON
EPON
EPON: PON vn chuyn d liu l cc frame Ethernet
EPON
EPON