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Aim(s)
• The first was that REM sleep would be extensively related with dream recall. (
This would be tested by participants by participants being woken in REM&
NREM sleep, at diff. frequencies, for example while one would be woken at
random, three others would be woken 3 times equally in REM & NREM
sleep.)
• The second would be that dream length and REM sleep time would be
associated. (This would be tested by the participant guessing how long they
had been in REM sleep, however this was found to be to difficult, and so the
researchers woke participants at 5 or 15 minutes into their REM and then
questioned the participants as to how long they thought they had been in REM
sleep, from the option of either 5 or 15 minutes.
• The final hypotheses would be that there would be and link between eye
movement, and the content of the dream. (Measured by an EOG machine,
which would measure whether the eye moved vertically, horizontally, or didn’t
move very much, and after which the participants were asked to describe their
dreams to test the hypotheses).
Sample
Method
• Lab experiment with independent measures for both the intensive& non-
intensive conditions, and repeated measures for conditions within the three
different hypotheses.
• Measurements were taken from an EEG (electroencephalogram) which
measured brain activity) and an EOG (electro-Oculogram) which measured
eye movement.
Procedure
Results
Conclusions
• From hypothesis one, we can see that during REM there is a large increase in
brain activity, just as when we are awake, as 80% of participants recalled
dreaming through REM sleep.
• In hypothesis 2, we can see that we dream in real time, and all of our REM
sleep, is taken up through dreaming.
• Overall, our data tells us that REM sleep is quite a valid and reliable indicator
of dreaming, while the length of time spent dreaming is highly correlated to
time in REM.