Está en la página 1de 11

1 What |s mora| theory?

Moral theories means the term in a uniform way and link these ideas and issues in a
consistent manner.

Why we need to |earn mora| theory?
-%o develop a technique that can be done to solve the ethical problems
%o enrich the problem solving process in which the issue must be viewed from different
angles, because each emphasizes a different theory.
%o create a code of ethics
L|st four Mora| theor|es
O u1lLl1A8lAnlSM/ 8elaLlvlsm
O uu1? L1PlCS
O 8lCP1S L1PlCS
O vl81uL L1PlCS

A|| eng|neer|ng pro[ect are constra|ned by the ava||ab|||ty of t|me and money Some contend
that the f|ood contro| system |n Ma|ays|a was des|gned as we|| as |t cou|d be g|ven the f|sca|
constra|nt put on the eng|neer What shou|d eng|neers do |f they don't have the budget requ|red
to do that [ob correct|y Wh|ch mora| theory to use?
Moral %heory use useful ethics because it is very helpful if the action taken will affect large
numbers of people




1echno|og|ca| and econom|c eff|c|enc|es |n prov|d|ng serv|ce to the pub||c are the expected
benef|ts from the pr|vat|zat|on of pub||c ut|||t|es compan|es |n Ma|ays|a D|scuss w|th examp|e
wheLher Lhe Lechnologlcal beneflLs of prlvaLlzaLlon have been achleved
ns:
Example:
PLUS (Project Lebuhraya Utara Selatan)
North-South Highway project is the first national highway that connects north and south of
Peninsular Malaysia linking nine states across the major cities in the western part of
Peninsular Malaysia, making it the longest highway in Malaysia.
Facilities:
rest and recreation area approximately every 60km.


emergency phone every 2km
Service Plus patrol to provide assistance in situations such as engine trouble on the
highway.
W|th the rap|d deve|opment |n I1 wou|d v|rtua| |aborator|es be a good subst|tute for rea| ones
|n eng|neer|ng? L|aborate on the mer|ts and demer|ts of the |ssues

MerlL (kebalkan) uemerlL (keburukan)
Promoting collaborative environment that
brings powerful and dynamic
Depends on a strong cohesive team and
individual commitment to the project
Covers the latest project from the diversity of
the market
Reduce the stability for the applications
developed from the prototype and evolved
into a complete application
Costs exceed expectations and be ready at
the appointed time
Reducing properties because of lack of time
(time boxing)


7 1oday susta|nab|||ty |s not cons|dered |n most of the act|v|t|es 1hese act|v|t|es are grouped |nto
four ma|n categor|es L|st a|| the categor|es and g|ve some examp|e








8 Lxp|a|n and g|ve some examp|e of ma[or |ssues on the env|ronment such as a|r po||ut|on
chem|ca| po||ut|on c||mate changes f|ora and fauna and popu|at|on

ir pollution (air pollution) - ir pollution is a situation that involves the introduction of any
chemicals, particulate matter or biological material that may cause harm or discomfort to
humans or other living organisms, or damaging the environment, into the atmosphere.ir
pollution is classified into two parts, namely primary and secondary pollution
pollution. Primer-primer Pollution Pollution is the contamination produced by the sulfur
monoxide and carbon monoxide results from incomplete combustion. t causes fine particles


suspended in the air. Secondary contamination is caused as a result of the reaction of sulfur
dioxide combined with water vapors in the air.
Chemical pollution (chemical pollution)

Steel - used to maintain and improve the quality and beauty of the landscape.ncreased use
of fertilizers has caused pollution of lakes and ground water
Pesticides - used to kill insect pests and reduce the amount. the frequent use of pesticides,
pests destroyed ankles against predators and other pests.

Climate changes (climate change) - Climate change is a long-term changes in climate in the
period from decades to millions of years. t may refer to changes in average climate
conditions, the probability of extreme conditions, or any part of the climate.Climate change
can occur due to natural processes and human activity and climate systems are
complex. Climate change is a serious impact on the world. For example, floods, droughts
may become more frequent and severe. %emperature changes also affect the soil moisture
that can affect human life and other things, including natural ecosystems, agriculture and
food supply, forests, water resources, energy and transport.

Flora and fauna
Endangered species (endangered species) - organisms at risk of extinction, either because
of small numbers as well as the parameters are threatened by changing environment or
predation.

Extinct Species (endangered) - death means the extinction of a species or group of taxa
from the face of this Earth.
What |s the Green house effect? now does |t happen?

reenhouse effect is the warming that occurs when the concentration of greenhouse
gases in an enclosed space increases and blocking the easy escape of heat. %his
effect is not subject to global warming, but also in any space.
reenhouse effect occurs when the composition of greenhouse gases such as
carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, nitrogen dioxide rises above normal levels. When
the composition is increased, the molecules of gas, which is heat storage, will trap
heat and slow down the process of heat release. Solar radiation entering the earth's
atmosphere is not sufficiently reflected in the normal because the green house
effect. %his will lead to gradual global warming, and areas experiencing severe


pollution will be affected by more severe. %he implications of global warming will
cause ice at both poles of the earth will experience dilution and cause an increase in
sea level.
10 What |s code of eth|cs?
od eLlka menyedlakan rangka ker[a bagl penllalan eLlka bagl seorang profeslonal

11 Descr|be br|ef|y the |mportant of code of eth|cs?
O eneral guidelines for professional use and as an educational tool.
Useful for the court, and the formal support of law enforcement procedures.
Useful in confirming the ethical behavior of others
Designed to build trust and confidence
%o ensure that all professional advice was the best of the knowledge engineer, is
not suspicious, of speech and objectives
1 L|st three eng|neer|ng Code of Lth|cs and exp|a|n what the d|fferent each and other of these
code of Lth|cs
nstitute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers (EEE) - a relatively brief and general
affairs
Board of Engineers Malaysia (BEM) - code of ethics is long and detailed
National Society of Professional Engineers (NSPE) - much longer, has the
advantage becomes more obvious and thus capable of covering a wider area.
1 What do you know about the shutt|e Cha||enger acc|dent |n 18? App|y an eng|neer|ng code
of eth|cs to th|s case What gu|dance m|ght one of the eng|neer|ng soc|ety code of eth|cs have
g|ven the 1h|oko| eng|neers when faced w|th a dec|s|on to |aunch? Wh|ch spec|f|c parts of he code
ape app||cab|e to th|s s|tuat|on? Does manager who tra|ned as an eng|neer st||| have to adhere to
an eng|neer|ng code of eth|cs?











1 Wr|te a code of eth|cs for student |n your co||ege or department Start by dec|d|ng what type of
code you want short |ong deta||ed 1hen ||st the |mportant eth|ca| |ssues that you th|nk student
w||| face I|na||y organ|ze these |deas |nto a coherent structure

- Code of Ethics EEE relatively short and deal in general
- Short code more easily understood by students at the college or department.
- Code of ethics is to articulate general principles and actually serves as a framework for
ethical decision-making related.
- %he ethical issues MPOR%N% %hat think the student will face: -
%o avoid significant conflicts or conflicts of interest whenever possible and expose them to
the parties affected should there be.
be honest and realistic in the launch of claims or estimates based on available data
%o reject bribery in all its forms.
%o improve understanding of technology, its appropriate application, and the continuity of
the potential.
- Code of ethics is essential as a general guide the professional behavior as well as an
educational tool.
1 Imag|ne that you are the pres|dent of sma|| h|ghtechno|ogy f|rm our company has grown
over the |ast few years to po|nt where you fee| that |ts |mportant that your emp|oyees have some
gu|de||nes regard|ng eth|cs Def|ne the type of company you are runn|ng then deve|op an
appropr|ate code of eth|cs start by dec|d|ng what type of code |s appropr|ate for your company
1hen ||st spec|f|c po|nt that are |mportant for examp|e re|at|onsh|p w|th vendor treatment of
fe||ow emp|oyees I|na||y wr|te a code that |ncorporate these feature









1 8r|ef|y exp|a|n ISC 1000 D|scuss the funct|on and future of ISC 1000
SO 14000 - the international standard set to bring world focus on the environment. %his
allows organizations to focus on the environment based on the criteria accepted by the
international.









17 What are the opportun|t|es and threats of LMS (Lnv|ronment Management System) to the
Ma|ays|a |ndustry?
now does Ma|ays|a ma|nta|n and |mprove the env|ronment qua||ty through the Ma|ays|a |ans
and through ru|es and regu|at|ons?

EMS Opportunities
Manufacturers will not face Challenges from pollution and waste disposal problems as
everything is controlled
manufacturers will ncrease sales %HER
chieve better manufacturers will process, Which will reduce cost and ncrease the level of
safety.
%reat EMS
May loss businesses to obtain the file is %HER business.
%he cost nvolved in mplementing the EMS is the main deterrent.
Manufactures need to install new technology to chieve the requirement


18 8r|ef|y exp|a|n the Nat|ona| Lnv|ronmenta| o||cy Why d|d Ma|ays|a deve|op the MSC
(mu|t|med|a super corr|dor)? What are the ach|evement?

National Environmental Policy - Legal environment of the United States that determine the
U.S. national policy to promote environmental improvement.

%he Multimedia Super Corridor aims to attract companies with tax exemption of temporary as
well as other facilities such as internet speed and location berkedekatan the international
airport.

chievement
High Speed to the Japun, Europe, sia Pacific and the U.S. are operating at 27bps, and


further improvements planned.
Having a local company about 1.100
1 What |s the most prom|s|ng energy source to rep|ace foss|| fue|s? (kenewab|e energy) Lxp|a|n
where and how |t |s produced |n Ma|ays|a?
Hydropower - hydro power is one of the oldest methods for producing energy.Hydroelectric
power generated by the power of falling water and the rivers and lakes.

How Hydropower System work?
Using the potential energy of water in the lake.
%he potential energy turns into kinetic energy when water flows from the lake (reservoir)
using gravity, down through the pipes (penstocks) and into the power plant.
Water under pressure into electrical plant and directed into a turbine
%he kinetic energy of moving water turned into mechanical energy and makes the turbine
spin.
%he turbine is connected through a shaft to a rotating magnet inside the conductor coil.
mechanical energy into electrical energy ready for distribution and use of the electricity
network.
Hydropower in Pakistan
Silver River hydroelectric scheme, with 1249 MW installed capacity:
Sultan zlan Shah Bersia 72 MW Power Station
Chenderoh 40.5 MW Power Station
Sultan zlan Shah Kenering 120 MW Power Station
Piah Upper River Power Station 14.6 MW
Lower Piah River 54 MW Power Station
%emenggor 348 MW Power Station
Sultan smail Petra Power Station 600 MW
%erengganu hydroelectric scheme, with 400 MW installed capacity:
Sultan Mahmud Power Station 400 MW
Cameron Highlands hydroelectric scheme, with 262 MW installed capacity:
Sultan Yusof Jor 100 MW Power Station
idris Woh Sultan Power Station 150 MW
Odak 4.2 MW Power Station
Habu 5.5 MW Power Station
Kampong Raja Power Station 0.8 MW
Kampong %erla 0.5 MW Power Station
Robinson Falls Power Station 0.9 MW
ndependent hydroelectric Schemes
Sg Leucogranite Small Hydro Power Station in Sungai Kelantan at Leucogranite, 20 MW
Owned by Musteq Hydro Sdn Bhd, a subsidiary of Eden nc Berhad





0 Do we need to contro| the popu|at|on? What |s the best way to ach|eve th|s? Is |t eth|ca| for
governments to sets ru|es and regu|at|on to contro| the popu|at|on?

Yes, we need to guard the people as the source of the earth less and less.
%he best way to achieve this by making family planning or birth rate by restricting the
population, usually by a government mandate

Secara perlbadl saya Lldak mellhaLnya sebagal Lldak bereLlka ul slsl laln [lka negara Lldak
memerlukan unLuk pengawal penduduk LeLapl LeLap men[alankan kawalan penduduk lLu adalah
Lldak bereLlka

1 Lxp|a|n how to become a rofess|ona| Lng|neers L|st f|ve character|st|cs of rofess|ona|
Lng|neers
Accord|ng to stat|st|c |n 18 8 graduate eng|neer are reg|stered w|th board on|y 1 are
rofess|ona| eng|neers now does |t happen?
Five characteristics to be a professional engineer.
Professional Engineer is expected to have the education, knowledge and skills in specific
techniques than the general public.
prfesional Engineer must be willing to stay abreast of discoveries and technological change
by participating in professional meetings and continuing education.
Professional Engineer must also have a desire to develop professional knowledge, ideas
and practices, and share knowledge with colleagues.
Professional Engineer must have a sense of responsibility and service to the people and
their employers and clients, and they must act with honor in relationships with others.
Professional Engineer must be willing to follow the prescribed code of ethics for the
profession and to maintain professional dignity and their ideas
1he 8oard of Lng|neers Ma|ays|a (8LM) |s a statutory body const|tuted under the keg|strat|on
of Lng|neer Act 17 It was formed on August 17 8LM fa||s w|th|n the doma|n of
respons|b|||ty of the M|n|ster of works 1he appo|ntment of the 8oard Members and the keg|ster |s
mode by the M|n|ster In essence the 8oard |s estab||shed for regu|at|ng the profess|ona| conduct
and pract|ce of reg|stered eng|neers |n order to safeguard the pub||c safety and |nterest Descr|be
the funct|on of 8LM
O Maintain registration
Processing of applications for registration
ssessment of academic qualifications


implementation of the Regulation and ethics of engineering careers
mprove the scale of fees to be charged by a registered engineer for professional
services rendered.
Publications
Promotion of education and continuing education

1he Inst|tute of Lng|neers Ma|ays|a (ILM) |s a profess|ona| |earned soc|ety serv|ng more that
1000 members |n Ma|ays|a overseas and commun|t|es |n wh|ch they work It was formed |n 1
and was adm|tted a member of the commonwea|th Lng|neers Counc|| |n 1 1he |nst|tut|on |s a
qua||fy|ng body for profess|ona| eng|neers |n Ma|ays|a 8r|ef|y descr|bed the ob[ect|ve of ILM

%he purpose of EM is to promote and improve the theory and practice of engineering inall
disciplines and to:
Raising the status and enhance the character and career interests.
Collect and disseminate technical information
Organising lectures, exhibitions and conferences, seminars, courses
Encouraging dishonest practices, prevent malpractice and practical dispute
resolutionand ethics.
1he f|rst part of the def|n|t|on of a profess|on presented sa|d that profess|ons |nvo|ve the use of
soph|st|cated sk|||s
Do you th|nk that these sk|||s are pr|mar||y phys|ca| or |nte||ectua| sk|||s?
G|ve examp|e from profess|ons such as |aw med|c|ne and eng|neer|ng as we|| as from
nonprofess|ons

think this is the intellectual skills for career theories are assumed to have extensive
knowledge and a skill that is based on the knowledge that they are able to apply in practice.
Professional
Engineers - Needs expansion, sophistication and specific skills related to the application of
scientific knowledge, mathematical and ingenuity to find solutions to technical problems.
ttorney - t involves a sophisticated and detailed skills acquired through extensive formal
training
Medical - Requires skills are very sophisticated and detailed. Requires accurate assessment
of the treatment plan for each patient, and requires disrection.
Non-professional
Operators, clerks, cleaners - no need to detail skills. %his can be studied by itself and be an
expert.



What |s conf||ct of |nterest? Lxp|a|n us|ng examp|e

n organizational conflict of interest occurs when individuals engage in some
interest.One of the motivations that may be damaging to other actions.
Example:
Situation: n employee of SU are surfing the nternet to search committee to hire
new people into office. Husband and wife apply for the position.
How this can be considered a conflict of interest? Because of his service in the
search committee, SU employees are in a position to influence hiring decisions.
What should the worker do? workers have resigned from the committee, or the most
convenient, not involved in making hiring decisions.

Lng|neer A |s emp|oyee by S Lng|neer|ng an eng|neer|ng f|rm |n pr|vate pract|ce |nvo|ve |n
the des|gn of br|dge and other structures As part of |ts serv|ce S eng|neer|ng used a CAD
software des|gn product under a ||cens|ng aggrement S Lng|neer|ng are not prem|tted to use
the software at more than one workstat|on w|thout pay|ng a h|gher ||cens|ng fee Spq Lng|neer|ng
|gnore th|s restr|ct|on and use the software at a number of emp|oyee workstat|on Lng|neer A
become aware of th|s pract|se and ca|| a hot||ne pub||c|zes |n techn|ca| pub||cat|on and report h|s
emp|oers "act|v|t|es"
| Was |t eth|ca| for eng|neer A to report h|s emp|oyers apparent v|o|at|on of the ||cens|ng
agreement to the hot||ne? Lxp|a|n why?
|| What |s eng|neer A's ob||gat|on |n th|s case

1he 8akun nydroe|ectr|c pro[ect (8nL) was f|rst proposed |n the 180 as part of ser|es of dams
to exp|o|t the hydroe|ectr|c potent|a| of sarawak r|vers nowever |t |s opposed by many |n the
|nd|genous commun|t|es together w|th oppos|t|on po||t|ca| part|es a coa||t|on of over 0
Ma|ays|an NGCs other NGCs and |nd|v|dua|s 8oth government and NGCs have the|r [ust|f|cat|on
of th|s pro[ect 1he government's ma|n argument for the pro[ect |s that |t |s a cheap source of
energy wh||e NGCs argue that the pro[ect |nvo|ve cons|derab|e and poss|b|y proh|b|t|ve r|sks and
such a mass|ve pro[ect wou|d have cons|derab|e env|ronmenta| |mpact As an eng|neer |n future
do you agree w|th the pro[ect? Why?
What |s the future for |ndustr|a| eco|ogy?
What are the ro|es of eng|neers |n that?

También podría gustarte