How$to$Write$for$and$Get$ Published$in$Scien7c$Journals!

Um$guia$para$assegurar$a$publicao$ do$seu$manuscrito$
Universidade$Federal$do$Rio$de$Janeiro$ $ Warren$Raye,$PhD$ Senior$Life$Sciences$Editor$$ Edanz$Group$ September$28,$2011$

A$liTle$about$me$
Author&

Lecturer,&researcher,&teacher&

Senior&Life&Sciences&Editor&
Edanz&Group&|&4&

&

A$liTle$more$about$me$
! Research:&virology,&arthri@s,&stem&cells& ! Fields:&Virology,&Microbiology,&Molecular&Biology,& Immunology,&Stem&Cell&Biology,&Genomics,& Proteomics&

Edanz&Group&|&5&

Presenta7on$
! Sec7on$One:$Scien@c&publishing$ ! Sec7on$Two:$Before&you&start& ! Sec7on$Three:$Structuring&your&manuscript& ! Sec7on$Four:$Hints&and&@ps&

Edanz&Group&|&6&

Sec7on$One$Scien&c(publishing$
! Why&publish?& ! Publishing&in&English& ! Publish&or&perish& ! The&publishing&@meline& ! Peer&review&

Edanz&Group&|&7&

Why$publish?$
Nature&is&complex&

Edanz&Group&|&8&

Why$publish?$
NatureWe&use&complex&technologies&and& is complex
methods&to&understand&it&

Edanz&Group&|&9&

Why$publish?$
and$the$science$is$oZen$necessarily$complex$

Edanz&Group&|&10&

Why$publish?$To$exchange$ideas$globally!$

A&linguagem&clara&&importante&para&voc&divulgar& suas&ideias&globalmente&

Edanz&Group&|&11&

Why$publish?$
!The!Philosophical!Transac/ons!of!the!Royal!Society! !Published&since&1665&
science&can&only&move&forward& through&a&transparent&and&open& exchange&of&ideas&backed&by& experimental&evidence.&&The& Royal&Society&

Sua&pesquisa&no&est&completa& at&que&esteja&publicada&
Edanz&Group&|&12&

Why$publish$in$English?$
O&ingls&&a&lngua&internacional&da&cincia& !The&interna@onal&language&of&science& !Other&scien@sts&WANT&to&hear&from&Brazilian& researchers& !Allows&you&to&become&an&eec@ve&science& communicator& !Number&of&publica@ons&is&linked&to&funding& success&
Edanz&Group&|&13&

Publish$or$perish$ Publique$ou$perea$
Funding$ Bodies$ Grant$$ Wri7ng$ Journal$ Publica7on$ Researchers$

Edanz&Group&|&14&

Increased$compe77on$
1400& 1200& 1000& 800&

%$

Journal&numbers& Journal&submissions&

600& 400& 200& 0& 1990& 1992& 1994& 1996& 1998& 2000& 2002& 2004& 2006& 2008&

Year$

!Rela@ve&growth&from&100%&baseline&in&1990&
Edanz&Group&|&15&

Publishing$7meline(
!Submission&to&publica@on,&312& months& &
Manuscript& submiked& Editor&assigned& rapid$rejec7on& OR&peer$review& Reviewers&evaluate& accept,&reject&OR& revise$ Editor&sources& reviewers$ Revise$ manuscript& Publica7on!$

Edanz&Group&|&16&

Remember(
Reviso&por&pares&melhora&seu&manuscrito$ !Only&1.5%&of&papers&are&accepted&without&revision& !Rejec@on&and&revision&are&integral&to&the&peer& review&process& !Second&reviews&are&not&uncommon& !Peer&review&is&a&posi@ve&process&
Edanz&Group&|&17&

Sec7on$Two$Before(you(start((
! Read& ! Hot&topics& ! Experimental&design& ! What&do&journal&editors&want?&& ! Select&an&appropriate&journal& ! Ethical&issues&
Edanz&Group&|&18&

Read&
! Know&the&background&material& ! Read&broadly& ! Determine&the&key&papers&in&your&eld& ! What&is&the&current&state&of&understanding?& ! Iden@fy&gaps&in&the&knowledge&

Edanz&Group&&|&19&

Reading$helps$your$wri7ng&
! Both&sides&of&the&brain&are&essen@al&and&work&in& harmony&
Logic& Reading&

Reading&

Crea@vity& Wri@ng&

! Similarly,&reading&and&wri@ng&are&connected&
Edanz&Group&|&20&

Reading$improves$your$wri7ng&
! Read&as&onen&as&possible& ! Discuss&with&your&colleagues& Ser&um&bom&leitor&lhe&ajudar&a&ser&um&bom&escritor& ! Assists&you&with&journal&selec@on& ! Provides&ideas&for&your&next& manuscript&
Edanz&Group&&|&21&

Hot$topics$
! Look$for$clues$ ! How?&
! Controversies& ! Unexplained&ndings& ! Editorials,&commentaries,&lekers&to&the&editor&

Edanz&Group&|&22&

Hot$topics$
! Literature&searches&
! PubMed&& ! Google&Scholar& ! SpringerLink&

! Expand&your&reading&
! Similar&and&related&elds&

Edanz&Group&|&23&

Hot$topics$
! Talk$to$other$scien7sts!$ ! Local&society&mee@ngs& ! Na@onal&conferences& ! Interna@onal&congresses& These(are(the(places(where( the(very(latest(results(are( presented& Descubra&novas&ideias&interagindo&com&sua& comunidade&cienpca$
Edanz&Group&|&24&

Experimental$design$Get(it(right(
! CRITICAL$ What$is$your$hypothesis$or$research$ques7on?$ THE$AIM(S)$OF$YOUR$STUDY$ ! What&methods&are&appropriate?&
! Do&you&have&the&relevant&resources?&

! Iden@fy&your&controls&
Edanz&Group&|&25&

Experimental$design$Get(it(right(
! Sample&sizes&(n)&large&enough?& ! Which&sta@s@cal&test(s)?&

When(in(doubt((talk(to(a(sta&s&cian!& ! Does&your&study&comply&with&ALL&ethics& requirements?&

Edanz&Group&|&26&

What$do$journal$editors$want?$
Editores&de&peridicos&cienpcos& querem&cincia&de&boa&qualidade$

Good$quality$science!$ ! Will&stand&up&to&peer&review& ! Original&research& ! Interes@ng&to&the&journals&readership& ! Ac@ve&research&area&(many&cita@ons)& ! Clear,&concise&wri@ng&

Edanz&Group&|&27&

Journal$Selec7on(

Edanz&Group&|&28&

Journal$Selec7on(
! What&is&the&main&focus&of&your&work?& ! Who&will&be&interested?& ! How&signicant&are&your&results?& ! Where&have&similar&ar@cles&been&published?&

Edanz&Group&|&29&

Journal$Selec7on$
Factors$to$consider:$ ! Appropriate&for&your& message& ! Publishing&frequency& ! Impact&factor& ! Target&audience& ! Aims&and&scope& ! Open&access&or& subscriber& ! Cost& ! Publica@on&types&
Edanz&Group&|&30&

Publica7on$ethics$
DO$NOT( !Mul@ple&submissions& !Plagiarism& !Improper&author&contribu@on& !Data&fabrica@on&and&falsica@on& !Improper&use&of&human&subjects&and&animals& Se&voc&se&comportar&de&maneira&no&@ca,& ser&pego&
Edanz&Group&|&31&

Any$ques7ons?!
!Publica@on&procedure?& !Designing&your&study?& !Selec@ng&a&journal?& !Communica@ng&with&journals?&
Edanz&Group&|&32&

Sec7on$Three$Structuring(your(manuscript(
!You&are&telling&a&story &Beginning$$Middle$$End&& !Expanded&IMRaD&model&
! Title& ! Abstract& ! Key&words& ! Introduc7on$ ! Methods$$ ! Results$ ! Discussion$ ! References& ! Acknowledgments&
Edanz&Group&|&33&

The$write$order&
No&escreva&o&manuscrito&na&mesma&ordem&em&que&as& palavras&aparecem&no&manuscrito&

For&maximum&clarity&and&consistency,&write&your& manuscript&in&this&order:&
! Methods& ! Results& ! Introduc@on& ! Discussion& ! Title& ! Abstract&

Write&during&the&research& Write&aZer&selec@ng&your& target&journal& Write&last&

Edanz&Group&|&34&

The$importance$of$your$7tle&
World Class Physics Manuscript

Grabs&the&readers& aken@on&

Introduces&your&manuscript& to&an&editor&

A&label&for&indexing&

!Convey&the&main&topics&of&manuscript& !Be&specic&and&concise& !Avoid&jargon,&abbrevia@ons&and&acronyms&

Edanz&Group&|&35&

A$good$7tle&
Poor( Late&Quaternary&evolu@on&of&a&loess&landscape&over&glacial& and&interglacial&cycles&in&a&region&of&high&tectonic&ver@cal& uplin&and&lateral&strikewslip&movement&in&the&Charwell& Basin&located&in&the&South&Island&of&New&Zealand( ( Too&long& Muito&longo& BeCer( Late&Quaternary&loess&landscape&evolu@on&on&an&ac@ve& tectonic&margin,&Charwell&Basin,&South&Island,&New& Zealand
Shorter&and&easy&to&understand& Mais&curto&e&fcil&de&entender
Edanz&Group&|&36&

Abstract&

O&resumo&&a&seo&mais&importante&do&ar@go&

! The&majority&of&people&will&only&read&this& sec@on& ! It&must&be&able&to&stand&alone& O&resumo&precisa&ser&capaz&de&comunicar&por&si&s& ! An&accurate&summary&of&your&research&and& conclusions&reached& ! Structured&or&unstructured?& ALWAYS&consult&the&Guide&for&Authors&for& specic&requirements&

Edanz&Group&|&37&

A$good$Abstract$should$&
! Be&brief& ! State&the&objec@ves&and&scope&of&the&study/ inves@ga@on& ! Describe&the&methods&employed& ! Summarize&the&results& ! State&the&principal&conclusions& ! Avoid&abbrevia@ons&unless&necessary& ! Avoid&references&
Edanz&Group&|&38&

Key$words(
! Choose&appropriate&key&words&for&indexing& purposes& cita7ons$ ! Use&established&key&words&and&terminology&from& the&literature&and&databases&
! MeSH& ! PACS&

! Avoid&general&terms& ! Some&journals&do&not&allow&key$words&in&the& 7tle$

Edanz&Group&|&39&

Key$words&
Direct&observa@on&of&nonlinear&op@cs&in&an& isolated&carbon&nanotube& Poor:( molecule,&op@cs,&lasers,&energy& Too&general& Muito&geral& BeCer:( singlewmolecule&interac@on,&Kerr&eect,&carbon& nanotubes,&energy&level&structure& More&specic& Mais&especco&
Edanz&Group&|&40&

Introduc7on$Why?&

What$ques7on$(problem)$was$ studied?$ Que$problema$foi$estudado?$ $

The&answer&to&this&ques@on&is&contained&within& your&Introduc@on&

Beginning$$Middle$$End$
Edanz&Group&|&41&

Introduc7on(Beginning&
! Provide&background&informa@on&to&put&your& work&into&context& ! DO$NOT$write&a&comprehensive&literature& review&of&the&eld& ! DO&cite&reviews&that&readers&can&refer&to&if& they&want&more&informa@on&
Edanz&Group&|&42&

Introduc7on(Middle&
! What&is&the&ra7onale/reason&for&your&study?& ! Explain&how&you&addressed&the&problem&(12& sentences)& ! DO$NOT&state&results&from&your&study&

Edanz&Group&|&43&

Introduc7on(End&
! Clearly&state&the&aims&of&your&study& ! State&the&methods&you&will&use&to&carry&out& your&aims& ! Ask&yourself:&are&the&cita@ons&balanced,& current&and&relevant?&

Edanz&Group&|&44&

Materials$and$methods(How?(
Como&voc&estudou&o&problema?& ! Clear&subheadings& ! Describe&methods&in&the&past&tense& ! New&methods&must&be&described&in&sucient& detail&for&another&researcher&to&reproduce&the& experiment& ! Established&methods&can&be&referenced& ! Describe&sta@s@cal&tests&used&
Edanz&Group&|&45&

Materials$and$methods(Example(
Materials$and$methods$
Materials.!Culture&media&were&obtained&from&Life&Technologies& (Gaithersburg,&MD).&Okadaic&acid&was&purchased&from&Alexis&Company& (Lufelngen,&Switzerland).&An@bodies&to&MEK1/2&and&phosphorylated& MAPK&were&purchased&from&New&England&Biolabs&(Beverley,&MA).&

Materials&described&rst& Suppliers/loca@ons&given& Clear&subheadings& Refs&used&to&save&space& Enough&informa@on&to& reproduce&the&experiment& Sta@s@cal&test&parameters& provided&

Edanz&Group&|&46&

Induc&on(of(cell(death.&Cell&death&was&induced&as&described&previously&[15].& Briey,&cell&death&was&induced&by&adding&okadaic&acid&(0w300&nM,&Alexis&Co.)& aner&washing&slice&cultures&in&serumwfree&medium.& Light(and(electron(microscopy.&Cultures&were&xed&in&2.5%&glutaraldehyde& and&1%&formaldehyde,&treated&with&1%&OsO4&in&0.1&M&phosphate&buer,&pH& 7.4,&dehydrated&in&a&graded&series&of&ethanol&and&propylene&oxide,&and&atw embedded&in&an&epoxy&resin&(Durcupan&ACM,&Fluka,&NeuwUlm,&Germany).& Semithin&sec@ons&were&stained&with&toluidine&blue,&and&ultrathin&sec@ons& were&stained&with&1%&uranyl&acetate&for&20&min&and&1%&lead&citrate&for& 2&min.&

Sta&s&cs.(For&sta@s@cal&analysis,&2wtailed&Students&t&test&was&used&to&assess& the&signicance&of&mean&dierences.&Dierences&were&considered&signicant& at&a&P&value&of&0.05&or&less.

Results(What?!
! Use&subheadings&

Quais&foram&suas&descobertas?$

! Assemble&your&ndings&in&a&logical&order&to&make&a& story&(Beginning$$Middle$$End)& ! Use&past&tense&to&describe&results& ! BUT&refer&to&gures&and&tables&in&the&present& tense&& ! Present&the&facts,$DO$NOT$discuss&your&results& ! DO$NOT$duplicate&data&among&gures,&tables&and& text& ! Include&results&of&sta@s@cal&analyses&in&the&text&

Edanz&Group&|&47&

Results(What(did(you(nd?!
Results$
Okadaic(induces(death(of(dentate(gyrus(neurons(selec&vely.!Hippocampal& slice&cultures&treated&with&OA&(1300&nM)&showed&selec@ve&cell&death&of& neurons&in&the&dentate&gyrus,&but&neurons&in&the&CA13&regions&were&& largely&unaected.&Cell&death&occurred&in&a&@mew&and&dosewdependent& manner.&Propidium&iodide&staining&of&treated&slides&indicated.& Electron&microscopy&revealed&a&number&of&ultrastructural&changes&in& hippocampal&pyramidal&neurons,&par@cularly&those&in&the&CA3&region,&in& slices&treated&with&300&nM&OA&for&24&h&(Fig&3).&&These&changes&included&slight& nuclear&aggrega@ons&(arrow&in&Fig&3A),&accumula@on&of&mitochondria& around&nuclei&(arrowheads&in&Fig&3B)&and&an&increased&amount&of& endoplasmic&re@culum&(Fig&3C).&As&shown&in&Figure&4,&the&nuclei&of&& pyramidal&neurons&in&the&CA1&and&CA3&regions& Involvement(of(MAPK(signaling(in(the(eect(of(OA.(&Compared&with&slices& treated&with&medium&only&and&treated&slices&at&0&h,&slices&treated&with&300& nM&OA&showed&increasing&levels&of&phosphorylated&MAPK&at&4&h,&8&h,&16&h& and&24&h,&with&no&corresponding&change&in&the&levels&of&total&MAPK.&This& increase&was&prevented&in&slices&that&were&cowincubated&with&a&protein& kinase&inhibitor.&&In&addi@on,&the&levels&of&phosphorylated&Tau&were&higher& in&OAwtreated&slices&than&in&control&slices&

Clear&subheadings&

Graphics&used&to&save& space&

Clear&comparisons&made&

Edanz&Group&|&48&

Display$items$Tables(and(gures!
Tabelas&e&guras&so&maneiras&muito&ecazes&de&comunicar$

! Figures&and&tables&are&VERY$EFFECTIVE$ ! Keep&it&simple&&use&separate&panels&if&necessary& ! Avoid&duplica@on&with&the&text& ! Label&all&parts&of&your&gures& ! Include&trendlines,&scale&bars&and&sta@s@cal& signicance&& ! Legends&must&be&able&to&stand&alone&

Edanz&Group&|&49&

Display$items$Tables!
Clear&concise&heading&

Data&divided& into& categories& for&clarity&

)&

Abbrevia@ons&dened&

Edanz&Group&|&50&

Display$items$Figures!
Mul@ple&panels:&sets&of&related& data&are&shown&in&a&single&gure& Complicated& data&separated& into&smaller& and&simpler& components&

Clear,&stand& alone&legend&

Axes&clearly&labeled&

Edanz&Group&|&51&

Display$items$Figures!
Axes&clearly&labeled& Map&with& major&features.& Longitude&and& la@tude&are& indicated.&Scale& bars&included.&

Clear,&stand& alone&legends&

Edanz&Group&|&52&

Discussion(So(what?!

What$do$these$ndings$mean?$ $ Qual$$o$signicado$de$suas$ descobertas?$

The&answer&to&this&ques@on&is&in&the&Discussion& &

Beginning$$Middle$$End$
Edanz&Group&|&53&

Discussion!
!The&most&dicult&sec@on&for&most&authors&to& write.& !Present&principles,&rela@onships&and& generaliza@ons&shown&by&the&results.&& !Summarize&and&discuss&your&results&&DO$NOT& just&repeat&them& !Past&tense&to&describe&results& !Present&tense&to&describe&their&implica@ons&
Edanz&Group&|&54&

Discussion&
!Be&humble& Seja&modesto$ !Dont&overstate&the&importance&of& your&results& Our&ndings&prove&that& & Our&ndings&show&that& & Our&ndings&suggest&that&
Edanz&Group&|&55&

Discussion$Beginning!
!Answer&the&research&ques@on& !ALWAYS&provide&the&major/main&result&rst& !Give&your&conclusions,&based&on&the&results& &

Edanz&Group&|&56&

Discussion$Middle!
!Interpret&the&results& !1&paragraph&per&idea& !What&do&your&observa@ons/results&imply?& !Are&there&results&from&any&previous&studies& relevant&to&your&work?& !Compare&your&results&with&others& !Same&or&dierent?& !Possible&reasons&why?&
Edanz&Group&|&57&

Discussion$Middle!
!Present&ambiguous&results&and&discrepancies&with& other&studies&objec@vely& !Explain&unexpected&ndings&to&the&best&of&your& ability& !Briey&describe&limita@ons& !If&you&dont,&the&reviewers&will!& &
Edanz&Group&|&58&

Discussion$End!
!Reiterate&your&conclusions& !Begin&with&a&signal& !In!summary!! !In!conclusion!! !Men@on&possible&applica@ons,&implica@ons&and& specula@on,&if&appropriate& !Suggest&future&work,&if&necessary&

Edanz&Group&|&59&

References&
! ALWAYS&format&your&references:&check&the&Guide& for&Authors&for&the&appropriate&format& ! Formang&is&required&in!text&for&cita@ons&and&for& your&references&sec@on& ! Use&reference&management&sonware&(RefWorks,& Mendeley,&EndNote,&Zotero,&Papers)& ! I&highly&recommend&EndNote& ! hkp://www.endnote.com/&
Edanz&Group&|&60&

Any$ques7ons?!
!IMRaD?& !Order&of&wri@ng?& !Figures&and&tables?& !Sta@s@cs?& !References?&
Edanz&Group&|&61&

Sec7on$Four$Hints(and(&ps(
!Cover&lekers& !Peer&review& !Responding&to&reviewer& comments& !Language&

Edanz&Group&|&62&

Cover$leTers&
!Compe@@on&for&publica@on&space&and&for&editors& aken@on&is&very&high& !It&is&not&enough&to&send&a&manuscript&to&a&journal& editor&like&this:&
Dear&EditorwinwChief,& & I&am&sending&you&our&manuscript&en@tled&Techniques&to&detect&circoviruses&in&Brazilian& bird&species&by&Raye&et&al.&We&would&like&to&have&the&manuscript&considered&for& publica@on&in&Virology!Methods!Online.! & Please&let&me&know&of&your&decision&at&your&earliest&convenience.& & Sincerely&yours,& & Warren&Raye,&PhD&
Edanz&Group&|&63&

Your$cover$leTer(General(rules&
!Address&to&the&editor&personally& !State&your&manuscript&@tle&and&publica@on&type& !Give&a&brief&background,&ra@onale&and& descrip@on&of&your&results& !Explain&the&importance&of&your&ndings&and&why& they&would&be&of&interest&to&the&journals&target& audience& !Provide&corresponding&author&details!
Edanz&Group&|&64&

Cover$leTers(Example&
Dear&Dr&Lisberger,& Please&nd&enclosed&our&manuscript&en@tled&Amyloidwlike&inclusions&in&the&brains&of&Hun@ngtons&disease&pa@ents,&by& McGowan&et&al.,&which&we&would&like&to&submit&for&publica@on&as&a&Research&Paper&in&Neuroscience.&& Recent&immunohistochemical&studies&have&revealed&the&presence&of&neuronal&inclusions&containing&an&Nwterminal&por@on&of& the&mutant&hun@ng@n&protein&and&ubiqui@n&in&the&brain&@ssues&of&Hun@ngtons&disease&(HD)&pa@ents;&however,&the&role&of& these&inclusions&in&the&disease&process&has&remained&unclear.&One&suspected&diseasewcausing&mechanism&in&Hun@ngtons& disease&and&other&polyglutamine&disorders&is&the&poten@al&for&the&mutant&protein&to&undergo&a&conforma@onal&change&to&a& more&stable&an@wparallel&wsheet&structure& To&conrm&if&the&immunohistochemically&observed&hun@ng@nw&and&ubiqui@nwcontaining&inclusions&display&amyloid&features,& we&performed&Congo&red&staining&and&both&polarizing&and&confocal&microscopy&on&postwmortem&human&brain&@ssues&obtained & from&ve&HD&pa@ents,&two&AD&pa@ents,&and&two&normal&controls.&Congo&red&staining&revealed&a&small&number&of&amyloidwlike& inclusions&showing&green&birefringence&by&polarized&microscopy,&in&a&variety&of&cor@cal&regions....&.detected&inclusions& observed&in&parallel&sec@ons,&sugges@ng&that&only&a&rela@vely&small&propor@on&of&inclusions&in&HD&adopt&an&amyloidwlike& structure.& & We&believe&our&ndings&would&appeal&to&a&broad&audience,&such&as&the&readership&of&Neuroscience.&As&a&widewreaching& journal&publishing&original&research&on&all&aspects&of&neuroscience& We&conrm&that&this&manuscript&has&not&been&published&elsewhere&and&is&not&under&considera@on&by&another&journal.&All& authors&have&approved&the&manuscript&and&agree&with&submission&to&Neuroscience.&We&have&read&and&have&abided&by&the& statement&of&ethical&standards&for&manuscripts&submiked&to&Neuroscience.&The&authors&have&no&conicts&of&interest&to& declare.& Please&address&all&correspondence&to.

Give&the& background&to& the&research& What&was&done& and&what&was&& found& Explain&the&interest& to&journals& readership& Conforms&to& journal& requirements&&

Edanz&Group&|&65&

Peer$review(
!Only&1.5%&of&papers&are&immediately&accepted& without&need&for&any&revisions&
Complete&rejec@on& Journal&editor& decision& Rejec@on&with&major&revisions& Rejec@on&with&minor&revisions& Acceptance&

Edanz&Group&|&66&

Reasons$for$rejec7on(
! Failure&to&state&a&hypothesis& ! Not&answering&the&hypothesis& ! Contradic@ons&within&the&manuscript& ! Supercial&or&rambling&discussion& ! Inconsistent&use&of&terms& ! Conclusion&that&is&not&supported&by&the&data&
Edanz&Group&|&67&

Peer$review What(do(reviewers(look(for?!
!Is&the&manuscript&suciently&novel?& !Is&the&manuscript&of&broad&enough&interest?&

Novelty$ Signicance$

Aims$and$Scope$ Impact$Factor$

Edanz&Group&|&68&

Reviewers$About(the(manuscript(!
!Are&the&ra@onale&and&objec@ves&dened?& !Is&enough&background&given&to&understand&the&ra@onale?& !Could&&a&capable&researcher&reproduce&the&experiments?& !Are&the&results&clearly&explained&and&in&the&best&format?& !Are&the&ndings&described&in&context?& !Are&the&limita@ons&discussed?& !Are&the&conclusions&supported?& !Is&the&literature&cited&appropriate?& !Are&there&contradic@ons&within&the&manuscript?&
Edanz&Group&|&69&

Revision$How(to(respond!
!Politely&respond&to&ALL&the&reviewers& comments&in&a&response&leker& !Make&it&easy&to&see&the&changes&
!Refer&to&line&and&page&numbers& !Dierent$color$font$ !Highlight&the&text&

Edanz&Group&|&70&

Revision$How(to(respond!
!Consider&addi@onal&experiments&if&suggested& !You&can&disagree&with&reviewers&BUT&provide& evidence&in&your&rebukal&(cite&references)& !Comply&with&deadlines& Lembrewse,&os&revisores&so&voluntrios,& portanto&seja&educado$
Edanz&Group&|&71&

Postnreferee$revisions(The(response$
Dear&Dr.&_____________:&[address(the(editor(by(name]$ Thank&you&for&your&considera@on&of&our&manuscript& en@tled&_____________&[insert$ar7cle$7tle$here].&We& have&reviewed&the&comments&of&the&reviewers&and&have& thoroughly&revised&the&manuscript.&We&found&the& comments&helpful,&and&believe&our&revised&manuscript& represents&a&signicant&improvement&over&our&ini@al& submission.& In&response&to&the&reviewers&sugges@ons&we&have& [summarize(the(key(changes(here]$
Edanz&Group&|&72&

Postnreferee$revisions$PointSbySpoint(
[ABer!the!introduc/on!to!the!response,!address!all(reviewer(points( individually.]& Reviewer$Comment:$In!your!analysis!of!the!data!you!have!chosen! to!use!a!somewhat!obscure!Hng!func/on!(regression).!!In!my! opinion,!a!simple!Gaussian!func/on!would!have!suced.! Moreover,!the!results!would!be!more!instruc/ve!and!easier!to! compare!to!previous!results.& &Response:&We&agree&with&the&reviewers&assessment&of&the& analysis.&Our&tailored&func@on&makes&it&impossible&to&fully& interpret&the&data&in&terms&of&the&prevailing&theories.&In&addi@on,& in&its&current&form&it&would&be&dicult&to&tell&that&this& measurement&cons@tutes&a&signicant&improvement&over& previously&reported&values.&We&have&redone&the&analysis&using&a& Gaussian&ng&func@on.&
Edanz&Group&|&73&

Postnreferee$revisions$Disagreement(
[Some/mes!you!will!disagree!with!the!reviewer.!Keep!your! response!polite(and(professional.]& Reviewer$Comment:$In!your!analysis!of!the!data!you!have!chosen! to!use!a!somewhat!obscure!Hng!func/on!(regression).!!In!my! opinion,!a!simple!Gaussian!func/on!would!have!suced.! Moreover,!the!results!would!be!more!instruc/ve!and!easier!to! compare!to!previous!results.& Response:&We&agree&with&the&reviewer&that&a&simple&Gaussian&t& & would&facilitate&comparison&with&the&results&of&other&studies.& However,&our&tailored&func@on&allows&for&the&analysis&of&the&data& in&terms&of&the&Smith&model&[Smith&et&al,&1998].&We&have&added& two&sentences&to&the&paper&(page&3&paragraph&2)&to&explain&the& use&of&this&func@on&and&Smiths&model.&
Edanz&Group&|&74&

Postnreferee$revisions$
[OBen,!a!review!comment!that!is!incorrect!will!s/ll!iden/fy!a!part! of!the!paper!that!needs!more!explana/on.]& Original:$We&then&t&the&data&to&a&superwGaussian.&From&this,&we& extracted&the&reac@on&@me&[Smith&et&al.&1998].& & Revised:&We&then&t&the&data&to&a&superwGaussian.&We&elected&to& use&this&func@on&to&facilitate&analysis&using&the&Smith&model& [Smith&et&al.&1998].&According&to&the&Smith&model,&the&reac@on& @me&is&dependent&on&the&intensity&and&width&of&the&ked&peak.& Using&this&model,&we&extracted&the&reac@on&@me.&

Edanz&Group&|&75&

Language$UK(or(US(spelling!
Be$consistent$
!Check&the&journals&Guide&for&Authors& !Generally,&American&journals&require&US&spelling&and&

Bri@sh&journals&require&Bri@sh&spelling,&but&many&accept& either&form&as$long$as$the$spelling$used$is$consistent$

&

Bri7sh
bre& centre& labelling& colour&&

$
or& or& or& or&

$$US$
ber& center& labeling& color&
Edanz&Group&|&76&

Language$Comparisons!
!Frequently&made&in&the&results&sec@ons&of&papers&
!Use&with,&not&to&

The&material&from&the&river&bank&was&compared& with&the&landll.&

The&material&from&the&river&bank&was&compared& with&that&from&the&landll.&
Edanz&Group&|&77&

Language$Comparisons!
Expression&levels&of&p53&in&smokers&were& compared&with&nonwsmokers.& Expression&levels&of&p53&in&smokers&were& compared&with$p53$levels$in$nonwsmokers.& Expression&levels&of&p53&in&smokers&were& compared&with$those$in$nonwsmokers.&
Edanz&Group&|&78&

Language$Comparisons!
!Rela@ve&terms,&such&as&more,&higher&and& greater,&require&a&reference&for&comparison&
!Use&than&or&compared&with&

Reac@ons&with&the&new&machine&were&faster.& Faster$than$what?

Reac@ons&with&the&new&machine&were&faster& than&those&with&the&old&machine.&
79& Edanz&Group&|&79&

Language$Between(or(among!
!Use&between&for&comparisons&of&two&groups& the&only&dierence&between&the&original& molecule&and&the&new&molecule&is...&& !Use&among&for&comparisons&of&more&than&two& groups& ..signicant&dierences&were&observed&in&the&H& values&among&biow,&fullyw&and&semiwsynthe@c&
Edanz&Group&|&80&

Language$Colon(or(semiScolon!
!The&colon&:&is&used&to&introduce&a&list&or&a&clause&that& explains&what&precedes&it& !Semicolon&;&is&used&to&separate&the&items&in&a&list&too&long& for&commas&or&where&commas&could&be&ambiguous.&Use& and&before&the&last&item&in&the&list.&& There&are&a&number&of&journals&that&Springer&publishes&that& will&accept&manuscripts&associated&with&organic&chemistry:& Organic!and!Medicinal!Chemistry!LePers;&Chemistry!of! Natural!Compounds;&the&Journal!of!Molecular!Modeling;&and& The!Protein!Journal.&&
Edanz&Group&|&81&

Language$Colon(or(semiScolon!
!Use&a&semicolon&to&join&two&clauses&with&the&aid&of&a& transi@on&
In&previous&sediments&of&all&salini@es,&MeHg&produc@on&was& highest&at&previous&sediment&depths&just&below&the&oxic/anoxic& transi@on;$that(is,&depths&where&microbial&sulfate&reduc@on&was& present,&but&where&sulde,&which&inhibits&methyla@on,&was& rela@vely&low.&

One&sentence&is&too$long;&but&the&two&sentences& must$be$connected$
!Other&transi@ons&you&can&use:&therefore,&because,&and& however!
Edanz&Group&|&82&

Language$Minimizing(errors!
Minimize&os&erros&para&parecer&prossional$ !Google&Scholar&&&Springer&Exemplar&to&check&word&usage& !Purdue&University&Online&Wri@ng&Lab&(OWL)& !Check&your&target&journals&home&page&for&full&instruc@ons & MS$Word$ !Track&changes&and&Comment&func@ons& !Find&(and&replace)&to&check&for&consistency& !Word&Count&func@on& !Spell&Check&(be&careful)& !Custom&Dic@onaries&and&Online&Glossaries&(provided&by& some&academic&socie@es)&
Edanz&Group&|&83&

Summary$Checklist(for(acceptance(
! Appropriately&designed&study& ! Compliance&with&ethics&guidelines& ! Novel&and&interes@ng&results& ! Correct&sta@s@cal&tests& ! Clear,&concise,&accurate&wri@ng& ! Signicance&of&ndings&explained& ! Appropriate&choice&of&journal& ! Compliance&with&the&Guide&for&Authors&

Perguntense$todas$estas$perguntas$antes$de$submeter$seu$manuscrito$

Edanz&Group&|&84&

Thank$you$ Good!luck!!
Obrigado$e$boa$sorte!$
Edanz&Group&|&85&

Any$ques7ons?!

Edanz&Group&|&86&

English$edi7ng$for$scien7sts,$by$scien7sts$ ! Expert$scien7c$editors$ ! Services$to$raise$your$chances$of$acceptance$ ! Ensuring$clear$communica7on$of$your$science$ ! Rapid$comple7on$

Edanz&Group&|&87&

Services$ Services for acceptance

! Language$Edi7ng$ ! Journal$Selec7on& ! Expert$Scien7c$Review& ! Abstract$Wri7ng& ! Cover$LeTer$Wri7ng&& ! PointnbynPoint$Response$Check
&

88& Edanz&Group&|&88&

Expert$editors$in$all$scien7c$elds&
Dr$Stephen$Cooke$ 2006$$PhD$Immunology,&Kings&College,&UK& Worked&as&a&postwdoctoral&fellow&for&both&the&Arthri@s&and&Rheuma@sm&Council&(ARC)&and&Cancer&Research&UK&(CRUK)& Dr$Conan$Fee& $1989$$PhD$Chemical$&$Process$Engineering,&University&of&Canterbury,&NZ& Director& of& Biomolecular& Interac@ons& Centre& at& the& University& of& Canterbury;& has& published& over& 160& journal& ar@cles,& book & chapters,&conference&papers,&and&patents&

Dr$Jennifer$Smith& 1999$$PhD$Botany,&University&of&Otago,&NZ& Experienced&peer&reviewer&for&func@onal&plant&biology,&and&enzyme&and&microbial&technology&

Dr$Alison$Sherwin$ 1992$$PhD$Biochemistry,&University&of&Kent&at&Canterbury,&UK& Has&edited&over&3,000&manuscripts&in&the&Health&and&Life&Sciences&for&Japanese&and&Chinese&authors$

Dr$Kristen$Demarest$ 2000$$PhD$Neurobiology$and$Behavior,&SUNY,&USA& Currently&sta&scien@st&at&Scripps&Research&Ins@tute$

Dr$Andrew$Gorman& 2001$$PhD$Geophysics,&University&of&Bri@sh&Columbia,&CA& Lecturer&at&the&Geology&Department,&University&of&Otago&

Dr$Natasha$Lundin$ 2007$$PhD$Chemistry,&University&of&Otago,&NZ& Cover&ar@cle&author&in&Angewandte&Chemie&

Dr$BreT$Kraabel$ 1995$$PhD$Physics,&University&of&California&Santa&Barbara,&USA& Specialist&in&condensed&maker&physics,&op@cs&and&materials&science&

Edanz&Group&|&89&

English$edi7ng$for$scien7sts,$by$ scien7sts$

www.edanzediting.com global@edanzediting.com

Edanz&Group&|&90&

Edanz&Group&|&91&

Appendix:$structured$abstracts(
Why?& "Easy&for&authors&to&write& "Easy&for&readers&to&understand& "Good&for&computerized&indexing& !Follow&the&IMRaD&format:& Introduc@on,&Methods,&Results&and&Discussion& & !CONSORT&(Consolidated&Standards&of&Repor@ng& Trials)&recommends&Structured&Abstract&for&RCT& papers&(randomized&controlled&trials).&
Edanz&Group&|&92&

Appendix:$structured$abstracts$Example(

Edanz&Group&|&93&

Appendix:$useful$set$phrases$Abstract
!Here,&we&present& !Here,&we&show& !Here,&we&report& !In&this&work&we&introduce&&

Edanz&Group&|&94&

Appendix:$useful$set$phrases$Abstract(
!These&results&show& !To&test&whether&(past&tense),&we&performed....& !To&examine&if&(past&tense)&we&(past&tense)& !We&used&XX&to&YY.&Using&this&approach,&we& iden@ed&ZZ&&

Edanz&Group&|&95&

Appendix:$useful$set$phrases$Introduc&on(
!We&demonstrated&previously& !Previous&studies&have&shown&that& !We&have&previously&shown&that& !The&topic&of&XX&has&recently&been&reviewed1.& (insert&reference)& !To&determine&whether&& !The&purpose&of&this&study&was&&
Edanz&Group&|&96&

Appendix:$useful$set$phrases$Introduc&on(
! Therefore,&we&tested&the&hypothesis&& ! This&report&describes&experiments&designed&to& determine&whether&& ! Therefore,&our&rst&objec@ve&in&these&studies& was&to&determine&whether&& ! In&this&study,&we&sought&to&extend&our& observa@ons&and&specically&test&&

Edanz&Group&|&97&

Appendix:$useful$set$phrases$Methods(
!To&test&whether&XX&(past&tense),&we& performed....& !To&examine&if&XX&(paste&tense)&we&performed&

Edanz&Group&|&98&

Appendix:$useful$set$phrases$Results(
!&Among&the&cases&we&analyzed& !&XX&was/were&observed.& !&The&results&are&summarized&in&Table&1.& !Figure&2a&shows&the&eect&of&X&on&Y.& !Group&X&showed&higher/lower&levels&of&Y&than& the&control&group.&

Edanz&Group&|&99&

Appendix:$useful$set$phrases$Discussion(
!In&the&current&study,&we&have&shown& !In&summary& !To&conclude& !In&conclusion& !In&demonstra@ng&XX,&our&ndings&show&that/ illustrate&that& !Taken&together&these&results&suggest&
Edanz&Group&|&100&

Appendix:$useful$set$phrases$Discussion(
!The&above&data&collec@vely&show& !Our&data&supports&the&idea&that&XX& !Our&study&supports&the&hypothesis&that&ZZ& !Our&study&is&limited&by& !There&were&some&limita@ons&to&the&current& study.&

Edanz&Group&|&101&

Appendix:$useful$set$phrases$Cover(leCers!
Please&nd&enclosed&our&manuscript&en@tled&(&tle)($by& (First(Author)(et&al.,&which&we&would&like&to&submit&for& publica@on&as&a&(Publica&on(Type)$in&(Journal(name).& To&our&knowledge,&this&is&the&rst&report&showing&& We&believe&our&ndings&would&appeal&to&the&readership& of&(Journal(name).& Please&address&all&correspondence&to:& We&shall&look&forward&to&hearing&from&you&at&your& earliest&convenience.&
Edanz&Group&|&102&

Appendix:$statements$Cover(leCers!
All&cover&lekers&should&contain&these&sentences:&& !We&conrm&that&this&manuscript&has&not&been& published&elsewhere&and&is&not&under&considera@on&by& another&journal.& & !All&authors&have&approved&the&manuscript&and&agree& with&submission&to&(Journal(Name).&

Edanz&Group&|&103&

Appendix:$statements$Cover(leCers(
Most&medical&research&cover&lekers&should&contain& these&or!similar!sentences:&& !We&have&read&and&have&abided&by&the&statement&of& ethical&standards&for&manuscripts&submiked&to&(Journal( Name).& & !The&authors&have&no&conicts&of&interest&to&declare.
Orbriefly give information describing any conflicts

Edanz&Group&|&104&

Appendix:$useful$set$phrases$Response(leCers(
Please&nd&enclosed&our&revised&manuscript&en@tled& (&tle)($by&(First(Author)(et&al.,&which&we&would&like&to& resubmit&for&publica@on&as&a&(Publica&on(Type)$in& (Journal(name).& Your&comments&and&those&of&the&reviewers&were&very& helpful.&& In&the&following&pages&are&our&pointwbywpoint&responses& to&each&of&the&comments&of&the&reviewers.&

Edanz&Group&|&105&

Appendix:$sta7s7cs!
! Consult&an&expert!& ! State&the&sta@s@cal&tests&used&to&analyze&data& ! Provide&the&name,&version&and&maker&of&the& sta@s@cal&package&used&& ! E.g.&SPSS&11.0;&SPSS&Inc.,&Chicago,&IL,&USA&& ! Only&use&the&word&signicant&when&describing& sta@s@cally&signicant&dierences& Alterna/ves:!notable,!substan/al,!marked!
Edanz&Group&|&106&

Appendix:$sta7s7cs$A(few(rules(
!&Precision:&Life&expectancy&of&22.085&years&&22&years& !Always&give&numerator&and&denominator&e.g.,&25%& (740/2958)& !Avoid&using&percentages&to&summarize&small&samples& !Be&very&clear&with&percentages&within&subgroups:& Of&the&1000&pa@ents,&800&(80%)&were&women;&(31%)&had& a&BMI&of& Of&the&1000&pa@ents,&800&(80%)&were&women;&of&these,& 250&(31%)&had&a&BMI&of&
Edanz&Group&|&107&

Appendix:$simple$words$
$Prefer &more& &enough &clear& &try & &show& &try & &very & $ & & & & & & & $ & & & & & & & $ & & & & & & & $Avoid( &addi@onal& &adequate& &apparent& &akempt& &demonstrate& &endeavor& &exceedingly&

&

Edanz&Group&|&108&

Appendix:$simple$words$
Prefer$ size & aim & take&part done& asked lives & keep& $ & & & & & & & $ & & & & & & & $ & & & & & & & $Avoid( &magnitude& &objec@ve& &par@cipate& &performed& &requested& &resides& &retain&

Edanz&Group&|&109&

Appendix:$simple$words$
Prefer$ later & enough end & use & $ & & & & $ & & & & $ & & & & $Avoid( &subsequently& &sucient& &terminate& &u@liza@on&

Edanz&Group&|&110&

Appendix:$useful$set$phrases$Abstract
!Here,&we&present& !Here,&we&show& !Here,&we&report& !In&this&work&we&introduce&&

Edanz&Group&|&111&

Appendix:$useful$set$phrases$Abstract
!These&results&show& !To&test&whether&(past&tense),&we&performed....& !To&examine&if&(past&tense)&we&(past&tense)& !We&used&XX&to&YY.&Using&this&approach,&we& iden@ed&ZZ&&

Edanz&Group&|&112&

Appendix:$useful$set$phrases$Introduc&on(
!We&demonstrated&previously& !Previous&studies&have&shown&that& !We&have&previously&shown&that& !The&topic&of&XX&has&recently&been&reviewed1.& (insert&reference)& !To&determine&whether&& !The&purpose&of&this&study&was&&
Edanz&Group&|&113&

Appendix:$useful$set$phrases$Introduc&on(
! Therefore,&we&tested&the&hypothesis&& ! This&report&describes&experiments&designed&to& determine&whether&& ! Therefore,&our&rst&objec@ve&in&these&studies&was& to&determine&whether&& ! In&this&study,&we&sought&to&extend&our& observa@ons&and&specically&test&&

Edanz&Group&|&114&

Appendix:$useful$set$phrases$Methods(
!To&test&whether&XX&(past&tense),&we& performed....& !To&examine&if&XX&(paste&tense)&we&performed&

Edanz&Group&|&115&

Appendix:$useful$set$phrases$Results(
!&Among&the&cases&we&analyzed& !&XX&was/were&observed.& !&The&results&are&summarized&in&Table&1.& !Figure&2a&shows&the&eect&of&X&on&Y.& !Group&X&showed&higher/lower&levels&of&Y&than& the&control&group.&
Edanz&Group&|&116&

Appendix:$useful$set$phrases$Discussion(
!In&the&current&study,&we&have&shown& !In&summary& !To&conclude& !In&conclusion& !In&demonstra@ng&XX,&our&ndings&show&that/ illustrate&that& !Taken&together&these&results&suggest&
Edanz&Group&|&117&

Appendix:$useful$set$phrases$Discussion(
!The&above&data&collec@vely&show& !Our&data&supports&the&idea&that&XX& !Our&study&supports&the&hypothesis&that&ZZ& !Our&study&is&limited&by& !There&were&some&limita@ons&to&the&current& study.&
Edanz&Group&|&118&