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powered by direct-current (DC) electricity and having electronic commutation systems, rather than mechanical commutators and brushes. The current-to-torque and frequency-to-speed relationships of BLDC motors are linear. BLDC motors may be described as stepper motors, with fixed permanent magnets and possibly more poles on the rotor than the stator, or reluctance motors. The latter may be without permanent magnets, just poles that are induced on the rotor then pulled into alignment by timed stator windings. However, the term stepper motor tends to be used for motors that are designed specifically to be operated in a mode where they are frequently stopped with the rotor in a defined angular position; this page describes more general BLDC motor principles, though there is overlap.
engines powering larger and heavier models. The large power to weight ratio of modern batteries and brushless motors allows models to ascend vertically, rather than climb gradually. The low noise and lack of mess compared to small glow fuel internal combustion engines that are used is another reason for their popularity. Legal restrictions for the use of combustion engine driven model aircraft in some countries have also supported the shift to high-power electric systems. Their popularity has also risen in the Radio Controlled Car, Buggy, and Truck scene, where sensor-type motors (with an extra six wires, connected to Hall effect sensors) allow the position of the rotor magnet to be detected. Brushless motors have been legal in RC Car Racing in accordance to ROAR (the American governing body for RC Car Racing), since 2006. Several RC Car Brushless motors, feature replaceable and upgradeable parts, such as sintered neodymium-iron-boron (rare earth magnets), ceramic bearings, and replaceable motor timing assemblies. These motors as a result are quickly rising to be the preferred motor type for electric on and off-road RC racers and recreational drivers alike, for their low maintenance, high running reliability and power efficiency (most Sensored motors have an efficiency rating of 80% or greater).
[edit] References
^ Frank Julian Sprague#Joining the emerging electrical industry ^ Electric motor#The first electric motors ^ http://www.powertecmotors.com/a0201el.pdf ^ T.G. Wilson, P.H. Trickey, "D.C. Machine. With Solid State Commutation", AIEE paper I. CP62-1372, Oct 7, 1962 ^ http://www.patentstorm.us/patents/6493924-description.html ^ United Hobbies: "Kv rating explained" ^ www.E-BikeKit.com ^ http://blog.uscooler.com/index.php/tag/ec-motor/
^ ECMs and HVAC Systems ^ http://highperformancehvac.com/hvac-ecm-blower-motors-hvac.html ^ XC866 LIN Stepper Motor by Infineon