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Captruo VIII ESBOZO DE MORFOLOGIA INGLESA 8. 1. Tradicionalmente la gramAtica inglesa se describe en términos de ocho partes dela oracién: nombres, pronombres, adjetivos, verbos, adverbios, preposiciones, con- junciones ¢ interjecciones. Estas ocho clases son de muy diverso cardcter y validez. Las definiciones corrientes se so- breponen y chocan entre si, o son tan vagas que casi son inaplicables. Algunas partes de la oracién retinen cierto nt mero de tipos de palabras cuya relacién no es muy clara, En otros casos, la linea de demarcacién entre las partes de Ja oracién es bastante arbitraria. Antes de intentar ninguna deseripci6n completa de la morfologia inglesa es necesario aclarar estas definiciones, reconocer Jas diferencias de si- tuacién entre las diversas clases y hacer otras diversas alte- raciones. 8.2. Una de las fuentes de dificultad en relacién con las partes de la oracién en inglés es la tradicién de definirlas en términos del significado. Asi, los nombres se definen con palabras que «designan personas, lugares o cosas». 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