Ce ume ree UdContents 41. Introduction 28 Notmal Feline Colon 29 Constipation/Colonic impaction 30 Normal Penereas ferret eel 31 Acute Pancreatitis: aie cu 32 Normal Pancras pA uh 33 Exocrine Pancreatic Insufficiency 2 Normal Heart 24 Normal Liver 3 Conic Valvular Disease 35 tnd Stage Liver Disease 4. Norinal Canine Heart 36 Normal Liver 5 Heartworm Diserse 37 Hepatic Neoplasia 6 Normal Canine Heat F Canine Died Carclomyopathy 8 Normal Feline Heart os 9 Feline Hypertraphic Cardiomyopathy Integumentary System 110 NomalFene Heart 17 Feine bisted Cardiomyopathy 49 Hono ie resiel Annan 12 Normal iymph Node Architecture 39 Anal Sac Abscess 13 Lymphosarcama 40 Skin Abscess 41 Flea-Allergy Dermatitis Wiss Pitesti cess 14 Notmal Feline Dentition 15 Periocional Disesse 42 Normal Vertebrate/Spinal Cord 23 Intervertearal Disk Disease 16 Normal Carine Dentiion 17 Carnassial Tooth Aascess 44 Normal Shoulder 45 Osteochondriis Dssecans 18 Noreal stomach 419 Hemorrhagic Gastritis with Ulcers 46 Now EBM cea 47 Ununited Aaconeal Process/Panosteis 20 Normal Stomach a 2) Gisirie Dilatation with Volvulas 48 Normal tp Joint 22 Normal Smal Intestine Pee 23 Foreign Bodies 50 Noxmal Rear Leg 51 Femoral Fracture 24 Parvenral Enters 25 Intussusception 26 Normal Canine Colon 27 Chronic Colitis SWWW Aedekbedbedbed Ud 0 DW Db ob ‘52 Normal Stife 53 Ruptured Cranial Cruciate Ligament ‘34 Normal Stite 5 Patellar Luxation ESS Ee SASS 56 Normal Mouth/Upper Airway 57 Tonsilitis 58 Normal Canine Thorax 59 Collapsing Trachea 60 Normal Feline Thorax 61 Pulmonary Edema Urogenital System EE Ne Canine Kidney 5 Grronic Renal Disease ‘=£ Normal Canine Kidney 55 Rests Renal Failure 6 Newmal Usinary Blader © Bladder Stones 155 Newmat Canine Lower Urinary System 59 Canine Urethral Obstruction 20 Normal Feline Lower Urinary System 71 Feline Lower Urinary Tract Disease 72 Normal Prostate Gland 73 Senign Prostatic Hyperplasia 74 Ovariohysterectomy 75 Pyometre 26 Canine Castration 77 Testicular Tumors RR 78 Normal Canine tye 79 Nuclear Sclerass/Cotaracts 80 Normal Feline Eye 81 Glaucoma 82 Normal Feline Eye 83 Comeal Ulceration 184 Normal Heating Apparatus 85 Oils Externa/Mediasinterna Peek 86 Heartworms 87 Giardia 88 Hookworms 89 Whipworms 190 Roundkworms 91 Tapers (tenia) £92 Tapeworms (Dipyiim caninum) 93 Fleas 94 Ticks 95 Sarcoptes 196 Demodex 97 Cheyletill ‘98 Ear Mites 99 Bibliography“e200 is et Narn, In Petal by esiay hone asin Cpr he “Alltights reserved. Printed in Europe,Introduction ‘Acone timer anotheal of us inal practice nave expe ts ches ichigo the pathology alin fet or propsad nueva dk. Oentines, ve Sed ‘adiograpis of hand dravings to communicate imeorant points. respective of our artistic sis such ‘Sewvoas ae explanations rst information to ces ft only about speci dagnozes bol aso about the ‘onale behing therapeutic plans ifs Pat Nuttin thnks cen oxmmunicaon tal to the sucess of velsinny practice In accord with tat los, Has Is proud to presect the Ji Ay oF Veterinary Clea) Arata” = an ivexar roomy ales to nelghten cent communteations ach ilstation Inthe Alles has been drawn by fessional necicallutiators. Genera the let hand Sage depicts onal aatomy, and the righ and page 2 pathologic presentation A brit outine of dingo theapeui adcery pans isiche on th ight hand (page This mangement yl law you to show cen oral ansionyy and the pathology afeting their pets inl you dere ow your terope plan wl, pee, fetum their pets heath ad normal ani “The si contains eight section. Refer othe content pages forthe page numbers ad colo assigned to each Seton. These biotks a cio are pice around the page numer the top of each page (ach section has ban signed a dilerent color fr eat of tse ‘ery effort fas beon made to ene the acsurscy of the medial lusrations and the disqnosti therapeutic. na rutnitona plans the Al. For example each lhsrston has been reiwed by appropriate netsh, faculty atthe College of Velsinary Medicine, Colored State Universe The alos snot intended! tobe an cahaustve review of anatomy, poly, or medicine, Fer mere formation, const the tboaphy or rete to presebing ifomatin on spectc crue Your ifs County Ofte wil ay he happy tm give ye ace and infrtins you'l find ther contace dat seat the acto teas “The Ales cai stations of the most canon conctins seen in cna praies. hereto, ib proper ace isi the xara roo 59 outcast ally ence Sent edston Hts Pet nutrition, IneHill’s Atlas of Veterinary Clinical Anatomy Normal Heart Right ventricle Left ventricle lef atrioventricular valve Valve leat CChorda tendinea Papillary muscle J SS S = = = = S = = = = g J yOPP Pee eee eee ee ee | 's Atlas of Veterinary Cl al Anatomy Chronic Valvular Disease Shrunken, nodular, ditorted atoventricular valves Chord tendines ‘degeneration and rupture thickened (Chronte Valvular Disease Diagnostic Plan History Physical examination ‘Chest auscultation ‘Chest palpation flood work Uninabss ‘Chest erays Electrocatdiography Heartworm check Fchocarciagraphy Anajocardlography ‘Therapeutic Plan Drugs ta strengthen the heart Diuretics Drugs that late ‘blood vessels Drugs that correct abnormal heart ehythns Exercise restriction Dietary Plan Ami restricted sodium det fora moderately restricted sodium diet necessary, change to a Severely resneted soxiam itAtlas of Veterinary Clinical Anatomy Normal Canine Heart Aortic arch Pulmonary artery ight atrium Right venrile Coronary vessels Left ventricle Lot atrioventricular vale Chorda tendines Left venice Right atrioventricular vale Left ventricular ree wall Right ventricle Papillary muscle Venticlor septum Right ventricular free wall LLL)‘Adult eartworms in the pulmonary arteries, right atium, and! right ventricle Disease within the pulmonary arteries leads to sight ventsicular dation, Fnypertrophy, and flores Dilated right ventile Heartworm Disease Diagnostic Plan History Physical examination Heartworm check Blood work Urinalysis Chest rays Flectrocardiography Echocardiography Hypertrophic right ventricular muscles. ‘Therapeutle Plan Dietary Plan Drags to kil adult worms ‘cle with controlled eves of Restricted exercise protein, phosphorus andl sadam Aspirin Consider body condition Comticostercids Drags to il larvae in the bloodstream Prevention surgeryFight atium | Right ventricle Right atrioventricular valve] Aight ventricular free wall Right ventricle Aone ach Pulmonary artery Loft atrium Coronary vessels Left atrioventricular valve Chord tendinea Left ventricle Left ventricular free wall Ventricular septum Poplin muscle Left ventricle's Atlas of Veterinary Clinical Anatomy ie Dilated Cardiomyopathy A. globular shaped heart with severe & ‘ition of both atria and ventricles ‘Atrophied papillary muscle "Canine Dilated Cardiomyopathy — Diagnostic Plan ‘Therapeutic Plan Dietary Plan History Enforced rest Adiot that avoids excess Physical examination Removal of uid fom levels of sodium — Urinalysis the chest and abdomen Blood work Diuretics Chest xrays ‘Drugs that strengthen the heart Flecirocardiography rugs that diate blood vessels Echocardiography Bronchodilators — Xray of the hart after ‘Oxygen therapy ‘dye injectionHill’s Atlas of Vet ry Clinical Anatomy Normal Feline Heart Acre arch Pulmonary artery Right ventricle Chorda tendinea Papilary muscle Eetvemie Right ventricular free wall Left ventricular free wall Ventricular septumHill’s Atlas of Veterinary Cli ical Anatomy Feline Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy Abnormally inereasee muscle mass due to a hyperttophied, rondated let ventricle Feline Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy Diagnostle Plan History Physical examination Chest auscultation Palpation of femoral pulses ‘and hinglimb musculature Blood work Urinalysis, Hectrocardiogrephy Chest xrays Echocardiography Kerays of the heart and abdominal blood vessels after dye injection ‘Therapeutic Plan Dietary Plan Enforced rest ‘Aclet that avoids excess Bronchodiiators levels of sodium ‘Onygen therapy Removal of fluid from the chest and abdomen Drugs that dilate blood vessels Aspirin Bela blockers Heparin SurgeryAight ventride Fight venta fee wall Ventricular septum Chord tendinea Left wentrlele Left ventricular free wal Lett atrium et ventricle a an Leo LoFeline Dilated Cardiomyopathy A ltular heat wih severe dition of the four chambers. Depressed ventricular contatile performance occurs, Venter eiation distorts the sriaventicular valves leading {e mitral regurgitation and ial enlargement Feline Dilated Cardiomyopathy Diagnostic Plan History Pysial examination Chest auscultation Paton of famoral pues ‘ahd Iinalime museulature Aloo! work Urinais Hloctrocarciography Chest xrays Echocardiography Xrays of the heart and abdominal blood vessels aller dye injection Poama taurine amavis ‘Therapeutic Eevoread ret Diets Bronchedlators Oxygen therapy Removal oft fom the “hes and abdomen Dnags that ete Bod vessels Drugs tha srenathen the heart Heparin surgery Dictary Plan Dalit that contains cect {evel of urine and avid cncest oval fsxHill’s Atlas of Veterinary Clinical Anatomy = 12 | Normal Lymph Node Architecture a cones Etferent ymphatic vessels Germinal center Wedulla Alferent ymphatic vessel Tols Atlas of Veterinary Clinical Anatomy Lymphosarcoma ‘The tumor mass soten white on the cut surface, and the capsule ': thinned. Merascopiealy, malignant cell have replaced norma! ells snd destoyed the norma architecture ofthe lymph node. lymphosarcoma Diagnostic Plan Histon Physical amination Blood work Feb test (or cats) Xs Unnaliss Biopsy of sue Cal studies Endoscopy Exploratory surgery Feaminations of chest and abdominal fd Bone marrow Biopsy Cerebral sine fluid examination ‘Therapeutic Plan Supportive therapy Chemotherapy Surgical excision Radiation Dietary Plan ‘Adds based on incl pati ‘eakiation ining body ondaion and ole organ stam ineehement or dseaseUpper Teeth's Atlas of Veterinary Clinical Anatomy Periodontal Disease Normal Dental Examination Plague - Disclosed plague bk Diagnostic Plan History Priel examination ¢ ral examination Benkal x aye ‘ingivis ‘Therapeutic Plan Tooth scaling above and below the guine Tooth posing Extraction u surgery Acacias “eoth bashing Ginga Tater Stain Dietary Pl Toner oreo fod wan ttl ches Siena eceai that support tissue repair, 8 sino. qa eye ronan specail doo friar Lang term, food with 8 ‘Slatin od tre St somte cmon ot eee PeriodontitisHill's Atlas of Veterinary Clinical Anatomy = Normal Canine Dentition gi's Atlas of Veterinary Clinical Anatomy Carnassial Tooth Abscess Fistula from the abscess with blood tings dachange Disected view ofthe lesion Chronic gingivitis ‘Carnassial Tooth Abscess Diagnostic Plan History Physleal examination (nal examination Dental eras Calcul formation Camas tooth ‘Therapeutic Plan Tooth entration Root canals antibiotics Dietary Plan ‘Ait based on overall paint ‘valuation ineuing hedy ondition another organ sytem involvement A soft det mey mnie posting pan's Atlas of Veterinary Clinical Anatomy Normal Stomach Line of dissection ures portion dy portion of the stomachHill's Atlas of Veterinary Clinical Anatomy Hemorrhagic Gasti Diftre renee ofthe mucosa due to actNe Frlammation and hemarhage Hemorrhagic Gastritis with Ulcers Diagnostic Plan “Therapeutic Plan Histon” ‘Nothing orally for 12 1024 hours Physical examination Fis therapy Blond work Gastric vag Stool check for blood Antiemetie drugs Stool check or paacter Whole biood Urinalysis Drugs to init gastric acid Xerays of the stomach secretion Endoscopy surgery Gastc hid analysis Gastric biopsy with Ulcers astrc lees Dietary Plan Adie boro on overall patient fevalation including Body ‘oncition and other frgan systems ‘Ache with moderate petein and ‘moras to low lvls of at and Fibe to minimize deta indces elas in gas empiying For pets wth goss ‘dusel by food allergy, Sigpuslegeni ierHill's Atlas of Veterinary Clinical Anatomy Canine Normal Stomach Fundus Poric antrum Body Omentum Pyiors with Volvulus ‘clockwise rotation as viewed fem vertal postion , “The pylori ant i “The pylorus crosses spines dovrnarc the midline, passes Underneath the dstended proximal part ‘of stomech, end moves Upward along theft abdominal walHill's Atlas ie Gast Dilatation with Volvulus ‘orson ofthe esophagus ‘Clockwise volun ofthe stomach; the organ is (realy enlarged emorthages on the stomachs surace ‘The greater omentum covers the stomachs surface Gastric Dilatation, with Volvulus Diagnostic Plan History Physical examination ory ofthe stomach Blood werk ‘Therapeutic Plan Stomach detent cele “The gastric fundus “The continuing gastric Shack therapy moves ventilly and dilatation aspisces the Surgery becomes locsied in greater curvature venta the venta abdomen, in sal potions ‘Nor! pxcesive [posiprandialexerseAtlas of Veterinary Clinical Normal Small Inte: Urinary badder Smal intestineDilated loops of bone cranial to the obstruction Dilated loop of bowel Foreign object (bal) Congested mesenteric blood vessels Foreign body Foreign Bodies Diagnostic Plan History Physical examination Abdominal paltion Abdominal rays Upper Gl, senes Stool analysis Blood tests Urinalysis Endoseomy “Therapeutic Plan, Fd Weropy Antbactenats Surgery to remove foreign boces) Nothing by mouth for 2448 howe Dietary Plan Postsrgicaly, a low-residue fit fed in nol portions consider overall patient condition when determining th protein level and calor deny of the dletHill’s Atlas of Veterinary Clinical Anatomy Canine Parvoviral Enteritis ‘The vis typical fects the inal intestine Mitochondria Nucleus Clg apparatus Parvoviruses infecting an ineestinal epithet cal Parvoviral Enteritis Diagnostic Plan ‘Therapeutic Plan, Dietary Plan History Nothing by mots ‘high digestible diet Physical examination Fluid therapy CConsger overall patent Stool analysis Intestinal protectant ondtin when determining Blond tee Aibacrerle the protein level and caloric Unnaysis Analoesics densty ofthe diet, Abdominal xrays Upper Gul series Endoscopy wil teaue biopsyHill’s Atlas of Veterinary Clinical Anatomy Intussusception COberaction of he small intestine caused by the talecoping f a segment Dl intetine into an adjacent segment Congested mesenteric blood vessle “The mesentery and blood vessels P sisporting the ivaginaing Aloop of intestine within an Segment of bowel are included adjacent segment of intestine inthe intussusception Intussusception Diagnostic Plan ‘Therapeutle Plan Dietary Plan History hid therapy Postsurgicaly, a low-residue Physical examination Surgery ‘et fed in small portions ‘Axdominal palpation Removal of he cause consider overall patient ‘Aidominal says Nothing by meuth ‘condition when determining the peoisin level ad caloric ony ofthe sitTransverse colon Descending colon Nona mucosaHill's Atlas of Veterinary Clinical Anatomy Chronic Coli Fable mucosa that bleeds easily (Chronic Coltls Diagnostic Plan History Physical examinavion Sook ena Ancominal palpation Rectal palpation Stool clive Blood work Urinals Kays ofthe colon Colonoscopy and biopsy tees ‘Therapeutic Anthacterils Dewormers Anthinflammatory drugs Dietary Plan High-fder diets Benefit some ‘eases of cos {Ta high-fiber det is inettective, 8 cletary al using a low resue ‘tI indicated For a feadallengy induced cals, 3 Fypoalegeni cet is indentedills Atlas of Veterinary Clinical Anatomy Normal Feline Colon yale. Descending colon. Transverse colon Descending colon smal icestine Rectum ‘Ascending colonHill's Atlas of Veterinary Clinical Anatomy Constipation/Colonic Impaction Extreme dilation af the descening colon ‘ue ta impact feces ‘Mas of impacted feces in the descending coin Constipation/Cotonic impaction ‘Therapeutic Plan Dictary Plan Diagnostic Plan Fluid trerapy ‘A moderate. to hilo det History Lxatives if re neurologic or ebstuctive Physical esarrination Enemas lesions chronie cases may Rectal palpation Manual removal of Dent from low esdtie food ‘Abdominal palpation Impacted slo! Ensure adequate water intake ‘Abcominal aye surgery “eat primary cause, f posible Si00\ softeners Prarmlty medicationEsophagus stomach rs Right lobe ofthe pancreas Lt le of the pancreas “ Duodenum “Tianswerse colon Descending colon team Jejunum's Atlas of Veterinary ‘al Anatomy Acute Canine Pancreatitis Swollen, named pancreas wth stese of hemorrhage Acute Pancreat Diagnostic Plan Histo Physical examination Blood werk Urinalysis abdominal ays ‘Therapeutic Plan Hui therapy No ral medication or food Antibacterials Drugs to suppres vomiting aragesics Dietary Plan 4 When resuming enteral nutition, smal partons of a det low in fat an residve uw Alte the ntl episode, monege hhyperinideria,# necessarys Atlas of Veterinary Clinical Anatomy Normal Pancreas oft lolve of the pancreas Esophagus Aight tobe of the pancreas ‘Stomach Diem Transverse colon cecum Descending colon IejunumHill's Atlas of Veterinary Clinical Anatomy Exocrine Pancreatic Insufficiency Sunken pancreatic Inbee wth reduced production of eigestve enzymes Exocrine Pancreatic Insufficiency Diagnostic Plan History Physical examinaton Stool analy [Absorption tess Blood work Intestinal biopsy Therapeutic Plan Pancreste enzymes ‘Metam-chain fats Antic Drugs that inibit cid secretion in the stomach Dictary Plan ‘Ahh cigesibleoiet, Consider overall body contin Feed quent suficent to maintain ronal body weight ‘Avoid excess fatHill’s Atlas of Veterinary Clinical Anatomy. Normal Liver ‘caudal vena cava Coudate process of crude labo Left lateral abe Right lateral lobe Hepatic artery Fight media lobe Papillary process of ‘Quicrate lobe caudate abe Heart albladder DiaphragmFnrous connective tee between regenerauve nodules Foty change oliver eae Restuced number of ermal ver ale Feous connect tissue ‘parting parenchymal nciles End Stage Liver Disease Diagnostic Plan Hoon Pysical examination ‘Abcominal palpation Blood work Absominal ays flood clotting Hime Urinalysis Liver biopsy ‘Abdominal utrasarcraphy ‘Therapeutic Plan Frid therapy Cage ret Contcoaterids Dietary Plan Ade that wl reduce the ‘need for certain iver functions Provide adequate protein, but ‘void excess Consider possible need for ‘controled soci intake(Caudal vena cava caudate process of Lett lateral abe caudate lobe Postal vein lateral lobe Hepatic atery he Right media abe Papillary process ate his cof causa lobe atbiaaterHill's Atlas of Veterinary Clinical Anatomy Hepatic Neoplasia Interobular comective tissue Hepatic Neoplasia Diagnostic Plan History Physical examination Bleed werk Urinalysis Keray of he liver Utasoune Liver biopsy Exploratory surgery ‘Therapeutic Plan Suppartive eae Chematherany suigery Dietary Plan 2 elt Based on indivi Dsuption of normal iver tissue patient evaluation inclucing by sheets of neoplastic cals body condition and other ‘organ sjsem invobrement Spec attention should be ‘shen to protein levels and Smino-ad balance of he etLevator ani muscle. Coceygeus muscle External anal sphincter. Excretony duct of peal ac Bulbospongiowus muscle Fewacior penis muscle scrotumAtlas of Veterinary Clinical Anatomy Anal Sac Abscess Enlanged, flares! anal sae Ruptured anal sc abcess ‘Anal Sae Abscess ‘Therapeutic Plan Dietary Plan History Lancing of the abcess Postsurgialy, a diet adequate for Physical examination Anal we expression ‘inve repair ‘suices cure Hot soaks Antiseptic solutions ‘ibacteriis ‘ial sac removalHill’s Atlas of Veterinary Clinical Anatomy Skin Abscess ruptured abscess caused bya bite wound Ccolection of pus in tie walled of abscess Staphylacoces otemedios organisms “Tickened skin wal round Ihe abscess ‘Therapeutic Plan Dietary Pl Hot compresses Palit adequate for thsue repair Physic! examination ‘Abscess orainage Abaces culture Bead tisue removal ways ‘Antiactenal tery SongerySequence of ‘ea-allergy dermatitis F Fle punctures Fea-Allergy Dermat Diagnostic Plan History Physical earsination Detection of Has ea cit, and tapeworm segments Intradermal ki tating Seltiaticted trauma reals in ‘erythema, papules, pustules, ‘rusts, and har loss in areas where fleas feed. ae Fes salva sets Excoton and Acute bates pansiigen- inflammation ifecon reas Shubeay elt nom teachin, inci aura, “Therapeutic Plan Dietary Plan Fies contol Shorcietm corucosteracs Adit adaquat for se repairHill’s Atlas of Veterinary Clinical Anatomy - Normal Vertebrae/Spinal Cord = Spinous process Spinal nerve ‘vertebral body spina cordHill's Atlas of Veterinary Clinical Anatomy Intervertebral Disk Disease 43 | Intervertebral Disk Disease Diagnostic Plan Histon Physical examination Neurologic amination ray ofthe spine ‘Therapeutic Plan Enforced rst Aniijnlarsmatory drugs ‘analgesics Muscle relaxants Surgery Paysie! therapy Dietary Plan Postsugicaly a det adequate for thee rep I obesity ia comeicating factor, Festi calorie intake 90 the patient reaches and maintains an "eal body weightHills Atlas of Veterinary Clinical Anatomy Normal Shoulder ‘Shoulder joint Humeral heed HumesHill’s Atlas of Veterinary Free eating fragment of ‘anlage and bone within the shoul joint Site of detachment Osteochonditts Dissecans Diagnostic Plan History Physial examination eras ‘Therapeutic Plan surgery Dietary Pian Postsugicaly, a det adequate for tissue repair and patient growth Avoid avereeding throught ie Ovcid excess calcu and energy in ‘rowing large and giant-breed pupsHill’s Atlas of Veterinary Clinical Anatomy Normal Elbow Ancenes! process spac‘Anconeal process that has fled to unite withthe una Ununited Anconeal Process Diagnostic Plan History Physical examination Xray of the elbow ‘Therapeutic Plan Sursery Dictary Plan Postsurgicaly,a diet adequate for tssue repair and patent gromth Avoid excess calcium and energy in growing lage and Sian-bneed pups ‘id cverteding Hrxaghout ite Panostettis Diagnostic Plan Histon {Lesions of panostet in Physical examination ‘he proximal radhas Palpation yerays ‘Therapeutic Plan Anaigesics Dictary Plan Adel adequate for grovah ‘Aco overteding throughout Hie\wellormed, deep hip joint Ailas of Veterinary Clinical Anatomy Pebie Femoral headHill's Atlas of Veterinary Cl Hip Dyspla: ical Anatomy Degenerative joint disease in oer dogs Hip Dysplasia Diagnostic Plan History Prhysial examination Palpstion ofthe hips rays of the hips Therapeutic Plan Enforced rest Mild analgesics Ani-nfrmatory dugg Surgery Dietary Pian Postsurglcaly, a det adequate for ‘aes rep I abesiy a compcating factor, restr caloric intake x0 the Patient reaches and maintains an eal body weight Shallow hip joint wath ‘ubluxatec femora bead in younge dogsHill’s Atlas of Veterinary Clinical Anatomy - Normal Rear Leg Fe stellaII's Atlas of Veterinary Clinical Anatomy Femoral Fracture Dbique femoral facture Fomoral Fracture Diagnostic Plan Hemorhage into the muscle Hite a Prysical examination Palpation of the femur Keays ‘Therapeutic Plan surgey Dietary Plan Adict adequate for tssve repairHi {las of Veterinary Clinical Anatomy Normal Stifle Aateral collateral garment {Caudal cruciate ligament Cranial enciate ligament ‘Medial meniscus Lateral meniscus Metal colteraligament Fouls Ooo ti ee tEnds ofthe rupted cranial ‘cruciate igament Ruptured Ceantal (Cruciate Ligament Diagnostic Plan Hwy Frc examination Palpaton ofthe knee Xray of the ee ‘Therapeutic Plan Enforce est analgesics Surgery Dictary Plan Postsrgicaly 4 det scoquste for {issue repair obesity 2 complicating factor, testi calor intake 30 the faliont reaches and maintains {an ideal body weightHills Atlas of Veterinary Clinical Anatomy Normal Stifle | Quadiiceps tendon Pata Cranial border ofthe tla FlaShallow trochlesr rane 's Atlas of Veterinary Ci Patellar Luxa' Medial Luaton ofthe patella Inv rotation of the iia Patellar Luxation Diagnostic Plan Histo Physical examination Ste palpation Stile xrays “Therapeutic Plan surgery Dietary Plan Postsurgically a dit adequate for "sae repair Iobesky i a complicating futon, restrict calor intake so the patient reaches and maintains bn ideal Bos weightHill’s Atlas of Veterinary Clinical Anatomy Normal Mouth/Upper Airway Nasal eviy Hara palote Esophagus Tochea Epigots Tongue‘Tonsitis Diagnostic Plan History Physical examination [amination ofthe tonsils CGuiture ofthe tons tologe study of tonsiar redate xrays lnflamed tonal protruding Raddaned pharynx ‘rom the pharyax ‘Therapeutic Plan Bimination ofthe cause Antibacterials ‘ansilectomy Dietary Plan A chet based on overall patient ‘evaluation Including body ‘condition and ter ergan system invohernent A soft it say minimize postsurgical pain's Atlas of Veterinary Clinical Anatomy = Normal Canine Thorax Hyoid apparatus Cutaway section cl the abs Trachea Biepheam Caudal lobe rani lobe ofthe lung y of the king Mid lobe of the hing ygAtlas of Veterinary Clinical Anatomy Collapsing Trachea Grade WV collapsed trachea, the airway lumen is eecentily obliterated Collapsing Trachea Diagnostic Plan Fistor Physical examination “Tacheal palpation (Chee aurulston Chest stays Tracheoseopy: ‘Gures of tracheal wash ud ‘Therapeutic Plan ati restcton Corticasterodis Steam vaporization “The tracheal cartiage is Bronchodiators Inverted dorsaly ard contact Aoviustives the tracheal membrane fsvacterials Surgery Dietary Plan foal Sacoat I surgery is performed, a diet Become eee aderqiate for tsue repair It Qbesty i 2 complicating facto, Festi caloric itake so the patient reaches an maintains fn ideal body weightAtlas of Veterinary Clinical Anatomy Normal Feline Thorax Cervical vertebrae aut lobe ‘ofthe hing Cutaway section ofthe vide Hyoid apparatus Larynx Humerus Cranial tabs ofthe ung Middle lobe of the lngHill’s Atlas of Veterinary ‘Anatomy Pulmonary Edema Normal lang ie ‘Normal alvec Chest auscultation Chest rays Eectrocardiagraphy Blood work Uralyss ‘Therapeutic Plan Acti restcton Osygen therapy ‘Morphine Diareticr Corticosteroids ui in Nebulation the alco Bronchedlators Nasodiators ang tissue i Drugs to strengthen ‘enlarged and heavy the hear Dietary Plan A diet aosed on incisal pealient evaluation ineluing body condition and other ‘organ system involvement or ieae Avo excess soull’'s Atlas of Veteri Normal Canine Kidney Renal artery Fat in the renal sinus Mela Penal pbis | capsuleHills Atlas of Veterinary Clinical Anatomy Chronic Renal Diseare Diagnostic Plan Histone Physical eeamination Alzsominal palpation Urinalysis Blood work Blood pressure measurement Absdorninel xara Kedney biopsy Unrasoune: Chronic Renal Pale, shrunken, frm kidney wth a pitted surface ‘Therapeutic Plan Hid therapy Sodium bicarbonate Drugs ta contra stomach sci Phosphate binders Blood vanstusions ‘Aube steroids Penonea! oasis searing Dietary Plan ‘dhe ith controled and appropriate levels ol prot, phosphons, sedium, and caloriesl’s Atlas of Veterinary Clinical Anatomy. ~ Normal Canine Kidney nl cut Surface atin te a renal situs's Atlas of Veterinary Clinical Anatomy Acute Renal Failure Pale, swollen kidney Diagnostic Plan History Physical examination Asdorinal palpation Urns Blood work Abdominal rays Kidney biopsy ‘Utrasound ‘Therapeutic Plan Fluid therapy Diireties Phosphate binders Sodiam bicarbonate Drugs to conte! stomach adilty Peritanea cays Dietary Plan Adder with controled and ‘appropriate levels of protein, phosphons, ‘sodium, aod caloriesHill's Atlas of Veterinary Clinical Anatomy Normal Urinary Bladder Prostate gland> Hill’s Atlas of Veterinary Clinical Anatomy Mi Bladder Stones Cut surface of blader showing stuvite calcul Ammonium ura Calcium alate sinydrate agen * Calum oxalate monahydrate site Bladder Stones Diagnostic Plan History Physical examination Papation of tho uralhra ane urinary bladder Urinalysis Urine culture Blood work Xerys of the urinary tact Quaniatve analysts of passed blader stones ‘Therapeutic Plan* Tid therapy Antibacteria's Urease inbitors Kanthine oxidase inhibitors Unie atkalizers Thiol containing drugs Surgery oiding urohydropropulson Dietary Plan For dissolution, te proper ‘acute dit To aid in prevention oF recurenes, a dot that Allows the body to procuce the appropriate une pH ad avoid exceses ofthe Uroith’s precursors surgery is necessary, a diet adequate for tssue repair “onterned sae peHill's Atlas of Veterinary Normal Canine Lower U! “esucular vessels a Urinary badder eer Prepuce Bulbourthral glandCanine Urethral Obstruction 2 tligeasinain eo tnonhages on be a ae ‘caused by an obatiling letra calculus Uretval calculus immediately behind the fs pens the calls s obstructing the Gulf of wine rom the bladder f Canine Urethral Obstruct Diagnostic Plan ‘Therapeutic Plan Dietary Plan History Emptying of the blader For dissolution, te proper Physical examination Frid therapy ‘aleuloiytie dit Urethal palpation Fusing of the urethral To aid in prevention or ‘Aadominal gaipation ‘ale ito the blair recurence, a det that allows X-rays ofthe unnary tract surgery the Body to produce the Urinalysis Appropriate trie pl and Urine culture av0ics excesses ofthe Blocd work roi’ precursors Araya of passes It surgery is necessary a diet ladder stones adequate forthe repairHill’s Atlas of Veterinary Clinical Anatomy Normal Fel: Pelvic sympinysis Descending colon Testicular vessels eee {Glans penis " Ductus deferens Prepuce ry i #Hill's Atlas of Veterinary Anatomy Feline Lower Urinary Tract Disease Urethral plug obstructing the Up of te pens na. ae Disended uray blader ‘caused by an obstructing urethral plug Hemorshages on the surface of the Bladder / Feline Urologic Syndrome Diagnostic Plan ‘Therapeutic Plan Dietary Plan Histon Empiying ofthe blader For dissolution the proper Physical examination ud therapy ‘alcloytic diet ‘Abominal palpation Removal ofthe To ad in prevention or Ureubal palpation ‘urinary ebstrtion recurrence, a det Ut allows Urinalysis the boxy to produce the Urine culture appropriate inne pit and Xcrays of the urinary tract {N01 excesses ofthe Blood work trois preursors W surgery s necessary a cet adequate fortes rplrs Atlas of Veterinary Clinical Anatomy Normal Prostate Gland ictus deferens Descending colon Urethra Ureter Urinary bladder actus deferens Prostate glandHill's Atlas of Veterinary Cli Anatomy Benign Prostatic Hyperplasi “The enlarged prostate and ‘may impinge on the rectory ‘Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia Diagnostic Plan History Physical examination Rectal palpation ‘Abcominal palpation Kerays Ulresound Urinalysis Urine culture Sood work Prostate biopsy Therapeatic Plan Erp he Dr fue Sto oer Eston Nese heap Dis enorgerent fhe : peste lr oe wept Dietary Plan det Srrdondle persia ey sree, Sept or Uae ap Aw rede foodI's Atlas of Veterinary Clinical Anatomy ss Ovariohysterectomy Suspensory ligament Double tgature around the ovarian pedicle — Ovarian atery tnd vin tern horn | era | around uterine vests re ct Ovariohysterectomy a Indications Dietary Pian Steriizaton Postsurgicaly, a det adequate Ovarian dsease ‘or tisue rpair oa Uterine disease Behavioral problems a Vaginal hyperplasia Diabetes Eplepsy ‘Mammary tumor prevention's Atlas of Veterinary Pyometra Anatomy Congestion of Uterine body was Cut section showing an enlarged, psf uterus The tse is fable ‘and easy teen Physical examination Vaggnal cytologic stl ‘Abdominal palpation Rectal anipaton Blood Work Unaiyis Urine cultre Abdominal xrays Utrasound ‘Therapeutic Plan uid tnerapy Surgery Antbacterials Prostaglandins Dietary Plan ‘Adiet Based on Fv pallent evaluation inclaing body condition and other gan system invahverent Posisurgicaly, a det adequate Tor lisue repairDuctus deferens Dorsal artery to the penis Urry blader Dorsal vein ta the penis Epidyis “Testicular vein Testicle Ligatune arcund the vas deferens Canine Castration Indications Steritation Testicular disease Prostatic disease Behavioral problems Retained testicles Sutures cranial tothe srotum Dictary Plan Postsuraically, a det adequate “or tue repairAtlas of Veterinary Clinical Anatomy Testicular Tumors sertol-cll urnor ‘Testicular Tumors Diagnostic Plan History Pysal examination “estcular palpation Xaysof the abdomen Biopsy ‘Therapeutic Plan surgery Chemotherapy Dietary Plan Postsrgialy, 2 et equate for tanve repair ‘Consider body condition; Teed a det appropiate to maintain ea! body weightHill's Atlas of Vet Normal Canine Eye Clary body comes esina Anterior chamber Verso bey= 's Atlas of Veterinary Clinical Anatomy w Nuclear Sclerosis/Cataracts Nuclear seleross ta normal aging change that ests from u Compaction and hardening of the lens fibers ‘cataract ean opacity of the lens fiers or capsule Nuclear Sclerosls/Cataracts Diagnostic Plan Therapeutic Plan Dictary Plan History surgery ‘A det Based on individual patient Physical examination “Therapy for any concurrent clscase evsuation including body ‘Ophthalmic examination No merapy is necessary for ‘oncttion and other organ Blood teste rules scleren ‘petem involvement or disease UnnalyisHill’ Atlas of Veterinary Clinical Anatomy Normal Feline Eye feet 5= Hill’s Atlas of Veterinary Clinical Anatomy i Glaucoma Increase in intraocular pressure Cloudy edematous, insensitive corn ‘The glote is enlarge, pain may be presen, the epicerl vessels ae congested, and Walon ees ects Intraocuar pressre is incressed de toa dkorder ofthe drainage angle Glaucoma Diagnostic Plan ‘Therapeutic Plan Dietary Pan ~ History Drugs that raliove ‘Ait based indivi Physical examination Intraocular pressure ppanent evaluation including __ Ocular examination Sorgery Body condition and ether Measurement of Dtgan system involvement intraocule pressre or diseaseruacign angleHill's Atlas of Veterinary Cli Corneal Ulceration Subconjunctival and episclera hemorrhage and congestion; cherasis Hypopyon Cental comet ulcer Corneal Ulceration Diagnostic Plan ‘Therapeutic Plan, Dictary Plan History Anibaciral ointment ard solutions Adiet based on inci Physical examination Drugs that cist the pup pallet evaluation including (Gaular examination surgery body condition and other Fluorescein sain Drugs to lessen the isk of pigment organ system invoiverent cuture Torration inthe cornea or isease Cjalogic examinetionAuicuar cxtioge Tympanie membrane Mile ear cavityHill’s Atlas of Veterinary Otitis Externa, Media, Interna tits Interna "Neurologic changes Head tlt and crcing Otitis Media Joflammatony exudste in the tympani bulla Ottis Extema Infiree, redened ear Patil occlusion of the ‘ar canal deo elie hyperplasa tntammatory exudate Osteomyelitis due tothe infectious process (Otitis Externa, Media, Interna Diagnostic Plan Therapeutle Plan Dietary Plan History Rema of eae canal hair ‘diet Based on individual Physical examination fr clearing pallet evaluation including Ear examination ‘Topical application ot body condition and other Er uilures ‘nibacterials/eoricasterids organ system involvement “Thyroid hormone levels systemic antibacterials or disease Intvagermal sin testing Systemic corcosteroids Hypoallergenic ets Keays Surgery Trerapetic tials with insecticides and hypoallergenic cets's Atlas of Veterinary Heartworms Infected mosquitoes deposit ‘Mature females release heartworm larvae into the animals hemolymph by puncturing the animals sh, \\ \ bboretream where they are pickee up by mosqutoes ‘Young adits migrate to the pulmonary areses and heat, Larvae migrate to subeutanecus tissues where they mature to a young-adult stage, Heartworms Diagnostic Plan ‘Therapeutic Plan Dietary Plan History Drags to fl adult worms ‘Adit with conto levels of Physical examination Aspirin protein, phosphors, and sodium Heartworm ehece Concosteroics Consider body condition Chest saya Restricted exercise Slood work Drugs to kl arvae in Unnajss the bloodstream Prevention Suigery ‘microftae ito the uHill’s Atlas of Veter ior species exis as motile tophosoiies and onmotle cysts. Both forms are transmitted by ingestion an are passed intrmitenty in wve hast feces, hari Dietary Plan Ail Based on inci! patient Diagnostic Plan ‘Therapeutic Plan ‘evaluation iniuaing boxy Histon Drags to kl he parastie condition and ather organ Physical examination ‘system involvement or disease Stool anal Analysis of intestinal serapings| callecte suing endoscopy Blond tex (Giardia artigen test)ests] Pups may ingest snk containing larvae. Hookworms ‘or petite the sl \ Invectiv thir stage larvae in the environment Hookworms Diagnostic Plan History Priysial examination Stool anal Blood work “Therapeutle Plan Dewormers Blood tarstsions Supportive therapy Adult ookworms are bloodsicking parasies of the mall iterting Dietary Plan ‘Adc based on individual patient ‘valuation ncn body coneltion and olher organ {stem invahvement or disease= Hill's Atlas of Veterinary Clinical Anatomy bs Whipworms “The adult whipworm is embedded inthe wall ofthe large intestine and cecum. — nected arva develops inside gs are passed inthe feces. the egg but does not hatch unless the egg f swallowed. — Whipworms Diagnostic Plan ‘Therapeutic Plan Dietary Plan = Hinory Dewormers ‘Adie based on inal patient Physicl examination ‘Supportive therapy valuation inlusing body Stoo! analysts ‘oncion and oiner organ Colonoscopy system involvement or disease “Therapeutic deworming's Atlas of Veterinary Ci Roundworms Larvae may oe shes in the milk and ingested by neonates, The hast iter ingests eggs containing infective larvae ox an Imermediate host with lanoe rented in it anes ag containing ‘infective larva -al Anatomy ‘Agutt roundwoxm in Ue small investing Roundworms Diagnostic Plan History Prysial examination Stool analy ‘Therapeutic Plan Dewormers Supporive therapy Dietary Plan A Giet based on individual patent valuation including body condition and other organ system snvlwement or ebseaseAtlas of Veterinary Clinics Tapeworms (Taenia) ‘The oncosphere haiches “Toe host becemes infect ine intermediate host by eating an interes el erent: Y interests host ino a melacestode 5 Proalotids sed 7 inthe feces Tapeworms (Toenla) Diagnostic Plan History [Adult tapeworm in Physi! examination the sal intestine Detection of tapeworm segments in te st! ‘Therapeutic Plan Dewormers CContol of patent’ hunting and faling habs Dietary Plan ‘Addict Based on indvcual patie teeatition inluding body ‘ansion and other organ system involvement of diseaseHill's Atlas of Veterinary Clinical Anatomy Tapeworms (Dipylidium caninum) AAdut tapeworms attach tothe ‘mucosa of the sll intestine Ingestion of teas containing Infective eye results in infection, “Texminal pragotis laden with eggs are shod inthe feces “Tapeworm larvae ereyst in fe u larvae and become infective. ‘Tapeworms (Bipyfidium caniou) id Diagnostic Plan ‘Therapeutic Plan Dietary Plan History Dewermers ‘Adict based on individ! patient — Physical examination Fea contol ‘evaluation inclusing body Detection of tapeworm segments Condlicn and other ergan in the stool ster involerent oF disease Detection of Fes or lea itAtlas of Veterinary CI Fleas Adult leas lay e995 on pet then 9g fa ff nto the environment. u \e ye x 5 gas hatch into iarvae ‘that mall three Limes, The third mok produces 8 shite larva tat sin ‘accom in which the larva N pupstes for upto one year by ~ - es ty 7 Diagnostic Plan History ‘The adult lea emerges frorn Physical examination 4 the cocoon and seeks a host Sicol inspection for tapeworm fn which to feed, segments = ‘Therapeutic Plan Fes contol = Dietary Plan Acie based on individual patient ‘esluation ineucing body ondition and other organ system invalvement ar dseaseAult cts lay thousands ‘of e5, which undergo WO it: larva to nymph ard rymph to adult Lawvae, nym, and adults teed an blood and lymph, Dermacentor varicbis lrvae fad nyenphe feed on smal ‘mammals and drop off between mals Als feed on pos -ahipeephabie songs fans, nymphs, and acts allfeed en pets Diagnostic Plan Histon. Physical examination ‘Therapeutic Plan Tick removal Insectcioe baths or dips Topical inzeccie dips or baths Plan ‘nck based on individual patent valuation incuding body foncliion and oer organ system ineoWvement or elseaseSarcoptes Female mites burrow into the / skin and lay eggs i the tunes that they form, Lawae and nymphs develop in these tunnels “The patient response i often severe se iflcted trauma, Sorcoptes Diagnostic Plan History Physical examination Sen serapings Skin bopsy Therapeutic vial ‘Therapeutic Plan Coat clpping Parasia ips Antibacterials Dietary Plan [diel Based on indvidual patient ‘evaluation Reusing body

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