Agnatha

B.Sc. 2nd Year

Prepared By Prince Rai

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 Chordate Classification
 Basis of Classification

Division
Sub-phylum

Group Gnathostomata Class

Phylum
Vertebrata
Order
Craniata Agnatha Ostracodermi
Chordate Petromyzontiformes -> Petrmyzon
Acraniata Cyclostomata
Myxiniformes ->Myxine

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 Class I - Ostracodermi
1. Etymology : Ostrakon : shell (hard) ; derma : skin

2. Extinct

3. Armoured fishes or bony skinned animals A, E, I, O, U

4. Internal ears with 2 semi-circular canals

5. Endoskeleton moderately ossified.

6. Absence of axial endoskeleton.

7. Jawless

8. Absence of true teeth

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 Class II - Cyclostomata
1. Etymology : Cyclo : circular ; stoma : mouth
2. Living
3. Long, elongated and eel-like body.
4. Endoskeleton is cartilaginous.
DR. NEC
5. Notochord is present.
6. Digestive system : No ventriculus but typholosole is present in the intestine.
Cloaca is present.
7. Respiratory system : Gills resembling sac-like pouches so called
MARSIPOBRANCHII
8. Circulatory System : 2 chambered
9. Excretory System : Metanephric kidneys
10. Nervous system : 8-10 pairs of cranial nerves. 1 or 2 semicircular canals in ear
11. Fins with cartilaginous fin rays
12. Diphycercal tail
13. Sexes separate or united
14. Fertilisation external
15. Direct or Indirect Development Class By Prince Dai
Petromyzon

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 Petromyzon
General characters or Salient Features :

1) Commonly called as sea lamprey

2) Body division: Head, Trunk and Tail
3) Anadromous (Marine to fresh)
4) Aquatic (Fresh water; Lamptera fluviatilis and Salt water; Petromyzon marinus)
5) Ammocoete larvae
6) Quasi-parasite
7) Shape : Elongated, Eel-like, Anterior – Cylindrical and Poaterior – Laterally compressed
8) Size : 0.9 - 1 m
9) Color : Greenish to brownish
10) Nostril is single and dorsal
11) Jaws and paired fins are absent
12) 7 pairs of gill slits
13) 2 dorsal fins, 1 anal fin if female and copulatory papillae in male, Caudal fin (Diphycercal)
14) Slime glands present.
15) Dioecious Class By Prince Dai
Buccal funnel of Petromyzon

Origin in cartilaginous pad

Horny teeth (mesoderm)
Marginal membrane
Oral fimbrae
Cirrus
Cup-shaped
Mouth and tongue
Infra oral tooth plates
Supra oral tooth
Lateral bicuspid tooth

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Class By Prince Dai
Myxine

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 Myxine
General characters or Salient Features :

1) Commonly called as hagfish

2) Body division: Head, Trunk and Tail
3) Found buried in muddy sea bottom
4) Nocturnal feeders
5) Medial ventral fin
6) 4 pairs of Sesnsory Tentacles (Sensation and Digestion)
7) 2 Vestigial Eye due to dwelling habit and 1 pineal eye
8) Buccal funnel and jaws are absent
9) 6-14 pairs of gills are present but open by a single ventral gill opening
10) Slime glands or mucous glands are present
11) Hermaphrodite
12) Protandrous with single ovotestis
13) Direct development

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Class By Prince Dai
 Difference Between:
 Buccal funnel
 Gill opening
 Sex
 Development
 Tentacles
 Ventral fin
 Eye

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 Ectoparasite

 Body Division

 Body Shape

 Slimy

 Cyclostome

 Vertebrate

 Chordate

 Gills for breathing

 Fins for swimming

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THANK
YOU !!!!!
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