STOICHIOMETRY

Exercises 2.1 A natural gas contains 60.7% CH4' 29.03% H2, 7.92% C2H6, 0.98% C2H4, 0.78% 02, 0.58% CO Find (a) Volume of air necessary to completely burn it (b) Volume of products of combustion both relative to one volume of gas and at the same temperature and pressure. 2.2 An annealing furnace uses a fuel oil containing 16.4% H and 83.6% C. It is proposed to fire this furnace with 25% excess air. Calculate the flue gas analysis, assuming complete combustion. Repeat the calculation assuming that 5% of the total carbon is burnt to CO only. 2.3 If pure H2 is burned completely with 32% excess air, what is the Orsat analysis of the product gas?

2.4 A pyrite ore is reduced with hydrogen. The ore contains 10% of solid inerts (gangue). Twenty percent excess H2 is used, and the cinder (solid residue) remaining contains 5% FeS2 by weight. FeS + 2H2
->-

Fe + 2H2S

On the basis of 100 lb of ore charged, calculate the volume of furnace gases at 400C and 1 atm. (ft3). 2.5 A natural gas has the following composition by volume: CH4 = 94.1%, C2H6 = 3.0%, N2 = 2.9% At a temperature of 80F and at a pressure of 50 psia, calculate: (a) the partial pressure of the nitrogen (psia) (b) the volume of the nitrogen component per 100 cu. ft. of gas (ft3) (e) the density of the gas in kg/m3 at the existing conditi ons. You may assume that the ideal gas law is applicable. 2.6 A zinc retort is charged with 70 kg of roasted zinc concentrates containing 45% Zn, present as ZnO. Reduction takes place according to the reaction ZnO + C = Zn + CO One-fifth of the ZnO remains unreduced. Th~ zinc vapor and CO pass into a condenser, from which the CO.escapes and burns

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to C02 as it emerges from the mouth of the condenser. The CO enters the condenser at 300C and 700mm Hg pressure. Calculate:
(

(a)

The volume of CO in cubic meters entering the condenser, measured at (1) standard conditions, and (2) at actual conditi ons The weight of CO, in kilograms The volume of CO2 formed when the CO burns, at 750C and 765mm Hg.

(b) (c)

2.7

An anthracite coal contains 89% Carbon, 3% Hydrogen, 1% Oxygen and 7% Ash. It is burned using 15 per cent more air than is theoretically needed for its perfect combustion. The ashes weigh 10 kg per 100 kg of coal burned. ea 1cul ate: (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) The volume of air (assumed dry and at standard conditions) used per kg of coal burned. The number of cubic feet of air per pound of coal. The percentage composition (by volume, of course) of the gas, assuming it contains no soot or unburned gas. The percentage composition and then analyzed. of the same, if first dried carried per cubic

The number of grams of moisture meter of dried gas measured.

The number of grains per cubic foot. The volume of the chimney gases, at standard conditions, (water assumed uncondensed) per kg of coal burned. The number of cubic feet of products per pound of coal.

The volume of the products in cubic meters at 350C and 700mm Hg pressure. The volume' of the products in cubic feet at 600F and 29 in of water pressure. coal contains: 73.60 w/o 7.30 l.70 0.75 Oxygen Moisture Ash 10.00 0.60 8.05 100.00

2.8

A bituminous Carbon Hydrogen Nitrogen Sulphur

It is powdered and blown into a cement kiln by a blast of ai r.

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STOICHIOMETRY

Ca1culate: (1) The volume of dry air, at 80F, and 29 inches barometric pressure theoretically required for the perfect combustion of one pound of the coal. The volume of the products of combustion, using no excess of air, at 550F and 29 inches barometric pressure and their percentage composition.

(2)

2.9

A limestone is analyzed as CaC03 (93.12 wt%); MgC03 (5.38 wt%); and insoluble matter (1.50 wt%). (a) (b) How many kilograms of calcium oxide could be obtained from 5 tons of the limestone? How many kilograms of carbon dioxide are given off per pound of this limestone?
U1n02)

2.10 Pyro1usite reaction

is dissolved

in hydrochloric

acid by the

The chlorine was passed into potassium it liberated iodine:

iodide solution where

C12 + 2K1 ~ 2KCl + 12 The iodine liberate was estimated the reaction being by adding sodium thiosulfate;

12 + 2Na2S203 ~ 2Na1 + Na2S406 If 5.6 grams of crysta11ized sodium thiosulfate, Na2S2035H20, were used up, how many grams of manganese were present? 2.11 How many moles of Fe203 would be formed by the action of oxygen on one kilogram of iron? 2.12 Wire silver weighing 3.48 grams was dissolved What weight of silver nitrate was formed? in nitric acid.

2.13 1ron pyrites, FeS2' is burned in air to obtain S02 according to the equation: 4FeS + 1102
-e-

2Fe203 + 8S02

How many liters of S02, measured at 300C and 740mm of Hg, could be obtained from 100 liters of oxygen at standard conditions?

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Z.14 Balance the equation: C~+ HZS04 (a) (b) (c) (d)
-+

CuS04 + SOZ + HZO

How many grams of copper sulfate would be formed for each mole of copper reacting? How many grams of Cu would be required to produce 100g of copper sulfate? How many moles of SOZ wou ld be found for each mole of aci d reacti ng? How many grams of water would be formed for each mole of Cu sulfate formed?

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