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Global Chemicals
8 April 2011
Periodical
Table of contents
Global Valuation ................................................ Page 02 Europe: News & valuation ................................ Page 03 US: News & valuation ...................................... Page 08 Asia/Japan: News & valuation .......................... Page 10 Event calendar .................................................. Page 13
Top picks
BASF (BASFn.DE),EUR63.11 Linde (LING.DE),EUR114.25 Arkema (AKE.PA),EUR66.16 Lanxess (LXSG.DE),EUR57.07 Syngenta (SYNN.VX),CHF303.00 Buy Buy Buy Buy Buy
Solvay (SOLB.BR, HOLD) Solvay is planning to acquire Rhodia for E6.6bn in cash. We think Rhodia is a good strategic fit for Solvay, increasing the group's exposure to emerging markets and more specialty, less cyclical businesses. We also welcome that Rhodia's CEO (good track record) is set to eventually become CEO of Solvay as we believe it also reduces the integration risk. Post this deal (expected to close end Aug 11), we believe Solvay should trade on 5.3x 12E EV/EBITDA (ex CERs) vs. peers on 5.1x. With no valuation advantage and the usual integration risk, we retain HOLD. Monsanto (MON.N, HOLD) Monsanto shares fell 6% following its Q2 release due to the lack of earnings upside in Q2 and likely '11 (guidance < consensus) despite record commodity prices. In addition, upside to '12 also looks limited as Monsanto reaffirmed that its primary focus next year will remain driving adoption of its next generation seeds. As a result seed pricing will be up "moderately" in '12 (10-15% est.) vs the 1520%-plus that could be justified given current commodity prices. With valuation already 24x '11E EPS, we believe upside in the shares, in the near-term, is limited. Mitsubishi Chem. Holdings (4188.T, BUY) The 2 Apr Nikkei reported on damage to Mitsubishi Chemical's Kashima complex. The article says the company incurred more damage than other general chemicals makers; we also have the same view. While it is difficult to assess the quake's earnings impact at present, we think OP could be depressed by 15-20bn premised on a three-month shutdown. This is based on the typical effect of regular maintenance and the impact of a fire at the plant's No. 2 ethylene facility in late 2007. The actual impact could be lower, as 1) fixed costs incurred during the shutdown could be booked as non-operating expenses or extraordinary losses, and 2) insurance will cover some of the impact (the plant has earthquake insurance). We intend to review our forecasts to reflect this as well as the decline in automobile production. While we expect the quake to have the negative impact outlined above, we also note that spreads on PTA and other products are running well ahead of our expectations. Figure 1: European stock performance (% change absolute)
Best Performer over the last week RHODIA SOLVAY Worst Performer over the last week AZ ELECTRONIC MATS.(DI) BAYER
Source: DataStream
Research Team
Tim Jones
Research Analyst (+44) 20 754-76763 tim.jones@db.com
Virginie Boucher-Ferte
Research Analyst (+44) 20 754-57940 virginie.boucher-ferte@db.com
James Kan
Research Analyst (+886) 2 2192 2821 james.kan@db.com
Deutsche Bank AG/London All prices are those current at the end of the previous trading session unless otherwise indicated. Prices are sourced from local exchanges via Reuters, Bloomberg and other vendors. Data is sourced from Deutsche Bank and subject companies. Deutsche Bank does and seeks to do business with companies covered in its research reports. Thus, investors should be aware that the firm may have a conflict of interest that could affect the objectivity of this report. Investors should consider this report as only a single factor in making their investment decision. DISCLOSURES AND ANALYST CERTIFICATIONS ARE LOCATED IN APPENDIX 1. MICA(P) 007/05/2010
8 April 2011
Source: Datastream, Capital IQ & Deutsche Bank estimates. Syngenta Share price is in Swiss Francs but reporting is in US dollars, ICL and MA Industries report in US$ while the stock price are in ILS. *For Johnson Matthey 2011E is March ending 2012. For additional information on all stocks mentioned here please refer to our website at: http://gm.db.com
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previous trials of the drug in VTE prevention following surgery (RECORD-1 through -4) have not demonstrated a meaningful increased risk versus Lovenox. This may reflect the more heterogeneous patient population and likely poor health status in MAGELLAN. We also note that further analyses of the MAGELLAN trial are being conducted and will be presented later this year. These could still demonstrate a net benefit in subgroups of patients. Although disappointing, we believe the outcome of MAGELLAN has little readthrough to Xarelto's potential in other indications. As a reminder trials in stroke prevention in atrial fibrilation (SPAF; which makes up c. 80% of our peak sales forecast) have compared the drug to warfarin and shown a similar or lower risk of bleeding with a meaningful net clinical benefit. We continue to expect an approval of Xarelto by the FDA in SPAF later this year and for Xarelto to become a class leader based on its once-daily dosing. Solvay (SOLB.BR, HOLD): Solvay is planning to acquire Rhodia for E6.6bn in cash. We think Rhodia is a good strategic fit for Solvay, increasing the group's exposure to emerging markets and more specialty, less cyclical businesses. We also welcome that Rhodia's CEO (good track record) is set to eventually become CEO of Solvay as it also reduces the integration risk. Post this deal (expected to close end Aug 11), we believe Solvay should trade on 5.3x 12E EV/EBITDA (ex CERs) vs. peers on 5.1x. With no valuation advantage and the usual integration risk, we maintain our HOLD. We base our TP on DCF (WACC: 8.4%; tgr: 1.75%). Key upside/downside risks are lower/higher GDP, higher/lower raw mat. cost (mostly oil & gas based), FX and less/more severe-than-expected price erosion. Other risks include lower/higher than expected synergies from Rhodia acquisition and any possible disruptions in integration. Other key risks include CERs/Carbon credit risks. Chemical Databook - Inflation is not all bad: High inflation across many input costs is now so visible that chemical companies are finding discussions with customers easier (although the exact quantum of inflation passed onto customers will still depend on market share). Q1 results should be strong with volume support for most and cost inflation pressures increasingly being dealt with. We focus on cyclicals with strong share (cope best with inflation) alongside undervalued niche growth. Our top picks are Linde, BASF, Arkema, Lanxess, Syngenta. We also like Akzo, Symrise and Croda. Following strong performance in 2009 and 2010 it is tempting to underweight the sector. However, the sectors valuation is not unattractive and with >60% sales coming from non chemical-cycle businesses, we see some interesting opportunities based on niche growth or specific cyclical themes (often supported by strong market shares and/or structural tightness). Our top picks are Linde, BASF, Arkema, Lanxess, Syngenta. We also favour AkzoNobel, Symrise and Croda (top UK pick). We value the sector using DCF/SOTP. Risks are FX, GDP, oil.
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GBP 1723.00
Hold EUR Hold CHF Buy Buy Buy Buy Hold EUR EUR EUR
Notes: 1) FCF defined as free cashflow before acquisitions, dividends and share buyback programmes but after restructuring payments. 2) FCF Yield is defined as FCF / Market Cap
Source: Deutsche Bank estimates, Syngenta Share price is in Swiss Francs but reporting is in US dollars, ICL and MA Industries report in US$ while the stock price are in ILS. *For Johnson Matthey 2011E is March ending 2012...
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Sales 12E 7,610 8,607 5,886 12457 13E 7,872 9,225 6,054 12840
Net debt 11E 508 1253 1,032 1780 5,414 5,124 583 337 1,409 183 -179 1,016 462 455 162 -70 516 -37 1,256 1,221 4,848 6,883
Net Debt BV/Share /EBITDA 11E 0.5 0.8 1.2 1.1 1.3 1.4 1.6 0.3 1.4 1.4 0.7 -0.1 1.1 0.8 1.3 0.3 -0.7 0.3 0.0 3.6 0.4 0.3 0.9 11E 38.57 27.56 25.98 -1.69 93.41 32.99 65.99 66.51 1.72 8.51 222.73 35.52 390.1 733.89 7.51 15.11 2.60 2.25 14.91 2.95 87.33 134.9 23.59 11E 11.9 8.7 12.6 9.0 11.3 10.5 15.9 17.2 14.1 14.2 10.4 19.8 9.5 20.3 9.4 14.2 16.7 15.2 18.3 42.5 20.7 29.6 18.4 8.2 19.1 15.0 15.7 15.7 15.8
EBIT Margin 12E 12.2 8.9 12.9 9.3 11.1 11.0 16.5 17.4 15.1 14.7 10.7 20.8 9.6 20.8 9.7 16.4 16.8 15.8 18.5 43.1 21.1 30.6 19.3 11.5 20.2 12.5 16.3 16.3 16.3 13E 12.1 9.3 12.8 9.5 10.7 11.1 16.8 17.7 15.6 14.9 10.5 21.5 9.8 20.8 9.7 17.1 17.3 16.5 18.5 43.2 21.8 31.5 19.7 11.2 21.1 12.7 17.6 17.6 16.7
EBITDA Margin 11E 16.9 13.4 17.6 12.7 16.6 16.3 24.6 25.5 23.2 19.2 13.4 33.0 12.6 24.1 14.6 21.6 22.3 20.5 24.3 47.0 24.8 33.3 23.0 13.0 23.8 18.4 20.5 20.5 21.4 12E 17.2 13.6 17.9 12.7 16.3 16.6 25.0 25.8 23.9 19.4 13.7 33.1 12.9 24.6 14.9 22.2 22.0 21.1 24.1 47.3 25.1 34.2 23.9 16.1 24.4 16.2 21.1 21.1 21.7 13E 17.0 14.1 17.7 12.8 16.0 16.8 25.3 26.0 24.3 19.5 13.5 33.1 13.0 24.6 14.9 22.8 22.4 21.8 23.7 47.2 25.7 34.9 24.4 15.7 25.2 16.4 22.1 22.1 22.1 11E 20.5 18.1 22.8 15.6 21.2 7.8 17.5 16.8 18.5 18.0 20.8 15.9 9.8 28.8 14.3 13.7 17.1 17.3 15.1 48.0 24.7 36.4 24.2 9.6 19.2 22.0 16.0 16.0 20.0
CFRoA 12E 20.4 19.4 22.1 16.1 20.5 10.9 18.2 17.4 19.5 18.8 21.7 17.9 10.9 30.1 14.9 14.6 18.1 18.2 15.4 48.4 25.4 38.0 25.2 12.1 20.3 19.6 17.5 17.5 20.7 13E 20.5 20.4 22.1 16.7 20.2 11.3 18.8 17.8 20.2 19.3 21.6 20.0 11.3 31.4 15.1 15.5 18.8 19.3 15.4 48.8 26.2 38.9 25.6 11.9 21.6 19.9 19.7 19.7 21.5 11E 17.7 15.7 19.1 17.1 22.2 7.3 16.8 15.2 19.0 17.7 14.9 14.2 13.2 33.2 14.1 15.5 20.6 15.9 15.8 55.1 30.1 44.0 28.4 8.9 25.4 24.4 13.7 13.7 19.8
RoCE 12E 18.9 17.0 20.0 17.9 21.6 11.3 17.6 15.7 20.1 18.8 16.0 17.0 12.1 35.5 14.9 16.6 22.4 16.9 16.7 56.6 31.0 46.0 28.7 12.7 28.0 20.2 15.5 15.5 21.1 13E 19.1 18.2 20.0 19.0 21.0 11.7 18.2 16.2 20.9 19.6 16.2 19.9 12.6 37.5 15.2 18.0 23.7 18.0 17.0 57.6 32.3 47.3 28.9 12.4 30.4 20.6 19.1 19.1 22.2 11E 12.3 15.9 23.0 16.5 -171.3 5.6 14.5 16.1 12.2 15.9 10.1 20.1 7.1 51.1 10.3 14.6 18.2 20.3 17.2 31.0 29.1 48.2 24.6 9.4 23.1 21.3 18.3 18.3 18.1
RoE 12E 39.7 15.5 22.2 16.3 487.6 8.5 14.9 16.4 12.9 16.0 10.9 21.6 7.7 45.2 10.5 15.2 18.2 20.3 17.1 30.2 27.5 45.3 23.7 12.3 23.4 16.2 19.3 19.3 25.8 13E 22.3 15.5 20.4 16.7 104.5 8.9 15.1 16.4 13.3 15.4 10.7 22.7 8.5 37.9 10.4 15.7 17.9 20.4 16.5 26.6 26.2 42.2 22.3 11.6 23.3 15.3 20.7 20.7 20.8
14,707 16,048 17,272 13,790 14,782 15,829 15,915 16,607 17,080 750 8,032 1,128 8,906 4,235 2,487 1,666 2,151 216 6,181 5,558 2,676 823 9,122 1,207 9,365 4,404 2,722 1,733 2,386 233 6,426 5,739 2,894 899 9,422 1,292 9,734 4,548 2,865 1,793 2,588 250 6,601 5,892 3,074
JMAT (GBp) Symrise (Euro) Umicore (Euro) Victrex (GBp) Agrochemicals ICL (US$) K+S (Euro) MA Industries (US$) Syngenta (US$) Yara (NOK) Hybrids Bayer (Euro) Sector Average Notes:
1) BV/Share adjusted for previously written-off goodwill. 2) EBITA and EBITDA margins shown on an underlying basis where possible 3) CFRoA is defined as EBITDA divided by Total Assets (adjusted for Goodwill write-offs) minus Cash 4) RoCE defined as EBITA divided by Total Shareholder Funds (adjusted for Goodwill write-offs), Net Debt and other long-term items 5) RoE defined as pre goodwill net income divided by Total Shareholder funds (adjusted for Goodwill write-offs)
Source: Deutsche Bank estimates, Syngenta Share price is in Swiss Francs but reporting is in US dollars, ICL and MA Industries report in US$ while the stock price are in ILS. Croda BV/Share is in Pence. *For Johnson Matthey 2011E is March ending 2012.
8 April 2011
2 WK 55.5 11.8 10.6 7.6 5.8 2.4 8.4 4.3 3.3 6.2 5.2 5.8 3.3 4.6 4.7 5.2 3.0 2.3 2.3 1.5 0.6 5.2 1.7 2.8
3 WK 58.4 17.6 17.4 10.0 12.2 8.5 14.8 7.1 7.0 19.7 17.7 9.3 9.3 8.5 6.5 8.7 7.4 5.4 7.7 7.0 3.4 4.6 4.2 1.2
4 WK 55.0 10.7 7.2 9.6 25.7 6.9 7.9 5.2 3.0 16.7 14.7 4.1 4.5 2.3 8.4 7.2 5.9 1.0 2.1 3.1 -1.0 2.7 -0.7 -2.1
5 WK 51.8 7.2 3.7 6.5 22.9 1.4 3.4 1.2 -3.8 12.3 11.3 2.3 -3.3 1.6 7.3 -0.9 12.3 -1.9 1.3 0.5 -1.5 1.3 -4.7 -10.4
6 WK 54.4 10.3 9.6 14.5 26.9 4.0 7.3 6.2 -0.1 29.8 11.4 1.8 1.4 6.1 11.1 0.4 12.0 0.3 3.6 3.8 1.3 1.4 -0.6 -6.3
7 WK 40.4 8.6 -0.2 7.7 20.0 -6.4 3.9 -1.7 -6.2 21.6 13.8 -0.5 -4.4 3.1 16.2 -5.9 5.1 -3.0 1.1 0.0 -1.9 -1.1 -3.4 -11.0
8 WK 42.3 16.7 1.9 6.3 19.9 -3.1 8.1 -3.0 -4.8 23.9 0.1 1.2 -4.7 4.3 17.5 -11.1 4.9 -5.1 1.3 -0.7 1.5 -0.4 -1.8 -13.9
51.7 9.4 8.2 6.6 5.0 4.5 3.5 3.5 3.2 3.2 3.0 2.9 2.9 2.7 2.7 2.5 1.8 1.5 1.5 0.9 0.1 -0.3 -0.5 -1.0
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Source: Datastream & Deutsche Bank estimates, Capital IQ estimates where stocks are not rated. ^=P/E are calculated on pre-goodwill EPS please see https://gm.db.com/Equities for further details and disclosures.
Monsanto (MON.N, HOLD): Monsanto shares fell 6% following its Q2 release due to the lack of earnings upside in Q2 and likely '11 (guidance < consensus) despite record commodity prices. In addition, upside to '12 also looks limited as Monsanto reaffirmed that its primary focus next year will remain driving adoption of its next generation seeds. As a result seed pricing will be up "moderately" in '12 (10-15% est.) vs the 15- 20%-plus that could be justified given current commodity prices. With valuation already 24x '11E EPS, we believe upside in the shares, in the near-term, is limited. Our $75 TP = $4 for Ag Productivity (DCF, rfr 4%; beta 1; erp 4.5%; Ke 8.5%; Tg - 2%) + $71 for Seeds & Genomics, (23.2x 12E Seeds EPS of $3.05). Risks include delayed regulatory approvals and higher/lower grain prices. Westlake Chemical (WLK.N, HOLD): The announcement of ethylene capacity expansions by Westlake Chemical, following a similar announcement on March 28 by Chevron- Phillips Chemical, are designed to increase the company's ethylene integration and to take advantage of abundant low cost ethane resulting from growing production of natural gas liquids (NGLs) from shale gas sources in North America. As we outlined in our 3/25/11 note, "CMAI Day 2: New US Ethylene Capacity and Ethane", we expect several ethylene capacity additions in North America, reflecting the industry's increased confidence in the sustainability of a US natural gas based cost advantage. According to CMAI, US ethylene cash costs from ethane of $630/m.t. in March were advantaged by $584/m.t. (27c/lb) over Southeast Asia (naphtha) and $476/m.t. (22c/lb) vs Western Europe (naphtha). Westlake announced plans to expand the capacity of its two Lake Charles, LA light feedstock ethylene crackers (combined capacity of 2.5B lbs/yr), upgrade its ethylene facilities at Calvert City, KY, and evaluate expansion options for the Calvert City site. The first Lake Charles expansion is expected to be in the range of 230-240MM lbs/yr of production capacity, representing 0.4% of US ethylene capacity and 0.3% of North American ethylene
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capacity. With the company expecting to complete the first expansion in late '12 and the second by year-end '14, the Lake Charles site will be able to crack a higher proportion of ethane in order to produce ethylene for its ethylene derivative units and the merchant market. At Calvert City, Westlake plans to convert its ethylene cracker (450MM lbs/yr) from propane to lower cost ethane feedstock and will consider additional expansion options. With engineering and design studies under way, we expect the company to announce an additional ethylene cracker at the site. Chemicals/Commodity - Solvay Bid for Rhodia Removes a Possible Buyer of US Assets: Belgium-based Solvay announced an agreement to acquire France-based Rhodia for E6.6B (US$9.4B). According to our European chemicals team, the acquisition equates to a 2010 EBITDA multiple of 7.3x (and 8.5x ex carbon credits) and EV/Sales of 1.3x. Rhodia is a leading producer of specialty chemicals (silica, rare earths, and surfactants), acetate tow (for cigarettes) and engineering plastics based on Polyamide 6.6. Since Solvay announced the sale of its Pharmaceutical business in September 2009 for E4.5B ($6.4B), the company was widely thought of as a possible acquirer of US specialty chemical assets. Among the assets/companies most often mentioned were Cytec, FMC, Solutia and Rockwood (see our Industry Alert April 4th 2011). With this announcement, we believe Solvay is no longer a buyer of US assets. While Solvay has likely been removed as a possible buyer of US assets, we note this is the second large transaction in specialty chemicals in 3 weeks (Lubrizol/Berkshire Hathaway), highlighting, in our view, the stillattractive valuations that exist for a number of high-quality specialty chemical companies. With stronger balance sheets, easier financing, and an improved macro picture, we expect acquisition activity to continue in chemicals in 2011. We believe potential consolidation candidates include Cytec, Rockwood, Solutia, and Valspar (as discussed in detail in our 2011 Outlook piece on Jan 10th).
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Source: Datastream & Deutsche Bank estimates, ^=P/E are calculated on pre-goodwill EPS (except those marked with *).
Mitsubishi Chem. Holdings (4188.T, BUY): The 2 Apr Nikkei reported on damage to Mitsubishi Chemical's Kashima complex. The article says the company incurred more damage than other general chemicals makers; we also have the same view. A company press release dated 23 March says all production facilities have been shut down and that damage to berths and nearby roads makes deliveries and shipments impossible by either water or road. It also says there was severe damage to utility infrastructure in addition to the berths themselves. The release indicated that it will take at least two months for the plant to restart (regular maintenance had been scheduled for the No. 1 facility from midMay and the No.2 facility from end-June, with each to take 1.5 months). The company meanwhile has told us that, while detailed inspections will be needed, production facilities received no major damage. Mitsubishi Chemical's Kashima complex has ethylene capacity of 828,000t/year for use at both facilities combined (premised on regular maintenance being performed during the year), or just over 11% of the domestic capacity total. The complex also contains numerous subsidiaries and derivative makers that source raw material from Mitsubishi Chemical. Major products include PE, PP, VCM and EG. Threemonth shutdown could depress OP by 15-20bn While it is difficult to assess the quake's earnings impact at present, we think OP could be depressed by 15-20bn premised on a three-month shutdown. This is based on the typical effect of regular maintenance and the impact of a fire at the plant's No. 2 ethylene facility in late 2007. The actual impact could be lower, as 1) fixed costs incurred during the shutdown could be booked as non-operating expenses or extraordinary losses, and 2) insurance will cover some of the impact (the plant has earthquake insurance). We intend to review our forecasts to reflect this as well as the decline in automobile production. While we expect the quake to have the negative impact outlined above, we also note that spreads on PTA and other products are running well ahead of our expectations.
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DIC Corporation (4631.T, BUY): The Tohoku earthquake has crippled printing ink material production. As reported in the Nikkei on 2 April, Maruzen Petrochemical revealed on 1 April that its alcohol ketone facilities in Chiba Prefecture sustained severe damage in the earthquake and would not be up and running again for at least one year. It is thus suspending shipments of methyl ethyl ketone (MEK) and diisobutylene (DIB). DIB is the basic material for para octyl phenol (POP), used to produce newspaper ink. These inks are made from rosin-modified phenol resin by combining POP and pine resin, which is then mixed with pigments. We believe DIC acquires some of the DIB needed for production of POP for external sale from Maruzen, but it appears to have found an alternative imported product. Most of the POP needed for its ink production is procured externally. The company did not rely significantly on Maruzen for MEK, a gravure ink material. DIC has halted production at its Kashima plant (ink pigments, PPS resin, some base inks) due to the disaster, but said in its 1 April release that it would gradually resume operations from mid April. The release indicated that it aims to restore production at all plants by the end of May. We plan to review our earnings forecast to account for the impact of the plant stoppage and cutbacks in auto production. Damage from the quake will naturally have a negative impact on earnings, but we retain our forecast of sustained steady profit growth in FY3/12 thanks to robust sales of TFT LC materials.
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25
May 2011 2
9 Solvay Q1 11
16
23
24 Arkema AGM
4 Agrium Q1 11 Linde Q1 11 Henkel Q1 11 Air Liquide AGM AZ Materials- AGM, IMS Wacker Q1 11 11 K+S Q1 11, AGM Lanxess Q1 11 Symrise Q1 11 Solvay Q1 11 conf call 18 Lanxess AGM Rhodia AGM Symrise AGM MA Industries Q1 11 Wacker AGM 25
13
20
26
27
30 June 2011
6 13 20
8 15 22
10 17 24
27
28
29 Monsanto Q3 11
30
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Appendix 1
Important Disclosures Additional information available upon request
For disclosures pertaining to recommendations or estimates made on a security mentioned in this report, please see the most recently published company report or visit our global disclosure look-up page on our website at http://gm.db.com/ger/disclosure/DisclosureDirectory.eqsr.
Analyst Certification
The views expressed in this report accurately reflect the personal views of the undersigned lead analyst about the subject issuers and the securities of those issuers. In addition, the undersigned lead analyst has not and will not receive any compensation for providing a specific recommendation or view in this report. Tim Jones
Equity rating key Buy: Based on a current 12- month view of total shareholder return (TSR = percentage change in share price from current price to projected target price plus projected dividend yield ) , we recommend that investors buy the stock. Sell: Based on a current 12-month view of total shareholder return, we recommend that investors sell the stock Hold: We take a neutral view on the stock 12-months out and, based on this time horizon, do not recommend either a Buy or Sell. Notes: 1. Newly issued research recommendations and target prices always supersede previously published research. 2. Ratings definitions prior to 27 January, 2007 were: Buy: Expected total return (including dividends) of 10% or more over a 12-month period Hold: Expected total return (including dividends) between -10% and 10% over a 12-month period Sell: Expected total return (including dividends) of 10% or worse over a 12-month period
50 %
46 %
27 %
25 %
4%19 %
Sell
Buy
Com panies Covered
Hold
Cos. w BankingRelationship /
Global Universe
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3. Country-Specific Disclosures
Australia: This research, and any access to it, is intended only for "wholesale clients" within the meaning of the Australian Corporations Act. Brazil: The views expressed above accurately reflect personal views of the authors about the subject company(ies) and its(their) securities, including in relation to Deutsche Bank. The compensation of the equity research analyst(s) is indirectly affected by revenues deriving from the business and financial transactions of Deutsche Bank. EU countries: Disclosures relating to our obligations under MiFiD can be found at http://globalmarkets.db.com/riskdisclosures. Japan: Disclosures under the Financial Instruments and Exchange Law: Company name - Deutsche Securities Inc. Registration number - Registered as a financial instruments dealer by the Head of the Kanto Local Finance Bureau (Kinsho) No. 117. Member of associations: JSDA, The Financial Futures Association of Japan. Commissions and risks involved in stock transactions - for stock transactions, we charge stock commissions and consumption tax by multiplying the transaction amount by the commission rate agreed with each customer. Stock transactions can lead to losses as a result of share price fluctuations and other factors. Transactions in foreign stocks can lead to additional losses stemming from foreign exchange fluctuations. "Moody's", "Standard & Poor's", and "Fitch" mentioned in this report are not registered as rating agency in Japan unless specifically indicated as Japan entities of such rating agencies. New Zealand: This research is not intended for, and should not be given to, "members of the public" within the meaning of the New Zealand Securities Market Act 1988. Russia: This information, interpretation and opinions submitted herein are not in the context of, and do not constitute, any appraisal or evaluation activity requiring a license in the Russian Federation.
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