Documentos de Académico
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Documentos de Cultura
Código 102056
Ficha de lectura crítica
1. INVENTARIO DE TÉRMINOS:
2. Definición de términos:
5. Hipótesis
Sociology can be defined as the systematic study of human society. This
is a discipline in charge of analyzing what happens in society. Discipline
means commitment, persistence, depth and taste. Sociology is also an
attitude of critical conscience towards society, which is why sociology is
considered to be an attempt to understand the momentous changes that
have occurred in human society in the last two or three centuries, not
only on a large scale , but also in people's lives in the most private and
personal spheres. Types of sociology in various fields, first of all, the
methodology, which is based on two very important techniques,
qualitative and quantitative, qualitative aims to study everything that
requires data that are difficult to quantify, at least they are
epistemologically subjective, we are speaking of significant thoughts,
perceptions, causes and signs, and quantitative metrics in this field, two
large fields can be distinguished, statistics and artificial simulations. The
first is the canon of sociology. Along with qualitative techniques,
statistics has been and will continue to be one of the most widely used
techniques. The second area of study in this type of sociology can be
classified first by the following subject: Sociology of Work. For example:
a study of the working conditions of workers in the industrial areas of
Catalonia in the 19th century. Sociologist of Education. Example: a
study of social income inequality in educational performance. Gender
Sociology. For example, a comparative study of the daily activities of
men and women. Finally, the third area is the theoretical area of the
concept of “social phenomenon”.
One of the fields in which sociologists disagree most strongly is that
which defines and interprets what is what and what causes social
phenomena. As well as what are its possible effects on societies.
Simplified, today we could find three positions that serve to delimit
types of sociology or ways of understanding sociology: structuralism,
constructionism and analytical society, although structuralism has had
different meanings depending on the moment and the person who has
it. used, in sociology this term is generally understood in the sense of
"structures" of society that exist by themselves beyond the individual
and that directly affect causally, normally without this being aware of
their effect, as the contractionist view is also one of the most
widespread in the discipline, although there may be constructionist
views in almost all areas of sociology, it is also characterized by being
quite "independent". Also the analytic position, for its part, in addition to
being the most recent, exists as a response to both structuralism and
constructive. It is by far the least adopted position within the discipline.
One of the fields in which sociologists disagree most strongly is that
which defines and interprets what is what and what causes social
phenomena. As well as what are its possible effects on societies.
Within sociology there were many precursors such as Auguste Comte,
Emile Durkheim, Karl Mark, Mas Weber. Comte believed that this new
area could produce knowledge of society based on scientific data and
considered that society was the last science left to be created following
the example of physics, chemistry and biology and that it was the most
significant and complex. of all. For him, the sociologist should contribute
to the well-being of humanity by using science to understand and,
therefore, predict and control human behavior. According to Durkheim,
to become scientific, sociology had to study social facts, that is, aspects
of social life such as the state of the economy or the influence of religion
that shapes our individual actions. I thought I should study social life.
The ideas of Karl Mark (1818-1883) contrast sharply with those of
Comte and Durkheim, but like them, he tried to explain the social
changes that were taking place during the industrial revolution. As a
young man his political activities got him into trouble with the German
authorities and, after a short stay in France, he went into permanent
exile in Britain.
But Weber, like other thinkers of his time, tried to understand social
change. He was influenced by Marx, but was also very critical of some of
his main ideas. He rejected the materialist conception of history and
considered that class conflicts were less relevant than Marx supposed.
For Weber, economic factors are important, but the impact of ideas and
values on social change is equally significant .
6. Keywords:
sociology: Study of human societies and religious, economic, artistic,
etc., phenomena that occur in them.
Power: Having the ability or ability to do a certain thing.