Eastern Africa: Drought Humanitarian Snapshot (as of 20 Jul 2011)

Food insecurity remains at emergency levels across parts of the Horn of Africa, famine has been declared in two regions of Southern Somalia. Humanitarian organizations are struggling to cope with the influx of Somali refugees in Ethiopia and Kenya. Malnutrition and mortality rates are alarmingly high in many parts of the region.
Typical Seasonb
Sep

11.5 million
ERITREA

people in need of humanitarian assistanced

Drought 2010-2011b

% below normal precipitationc

(Jun 2010 - May 2011)

Rains in pastoral areas of Somalia, Kenya, southern Ethiopia and cropping areas of south-eastern Kenya bring pasture regeneration, increase water availability, and support crop development. Typical lean season in pastoral areas. Main harvest in south-eastern Kenya. Minor harvest in Somalia.

2010
Short rainy season

Oct

One of the driest Oct-Dec seasons ever. Second consecutive poor season in some pastoral and cropping areas. Very poor livestock production.

ETHIOPIA
4.56 million Addis-Ababa

147,000

DJIBOUTI
Djibouti Ali Addeh

200 km

Nov

SOMALIA
3.7 million

Dec

Jan

2011
Long dry season

Livestock body conditions worsen. Crops fail in all marginal cropping areas of the eastern Horn. Lean season shortages exacerbated.

50 30

10

228,014

Est. current population in Dollo

120,000

SUDAN

Dollo Ado

Feb

Main rains in southern pastoral and belg-producing Ethiopia, Somalia, and pastoral areas of Kenya; secondary rains in south-eastern cropping areas of Kenya.

Mar

Apr

May

Late start of rains and erratic distribution over season. Rainfall less than 30% of the 1995-2010 average in some areas. Excess livestock mortality of 15 30% reported in pastoral areas, with mortality levels as high as 40 60% in localized areas, especially for cattle and sheep. Harvests expected to be delayed and below normal. Crop failure in marginal cropping areas likely. Staple cereal prices approach/exceed record levels.

UGANDA
Integrated Food Security Phase Classification (IPC) (Jun - Jul 2011)b 1: None or Minimal 2: Stressed 3: Crisis 4: Emergency 5: Catastrophe/Famine Area with limited humanitarian accessb
XX XX

KENYA
2.4 million
Est. current population in Dadaab

One quarter of Somalias 7.5 million people is displaceda

Mogadishu

Main rainy season

383,000 Nairobi

Dadaab 533,000

Main harvest in Somalia (mid-Jun to mid-Aug). Minor harvests in south-eastern Kenya.

Jun

Jul

children below 5 years compared to last year

3.2 to 6-fold increase in mortality of

50% of new arrivals children are malnourishedd

a

per dayd

Kenya - Dadaab 1,295 average new arrivals

The boundaries and names shown and the designations used on all maps do not imply official endorsement or acceptance by the United Nations. Creation date: 20 Jul 2011 Data sources: UNCS, GAUL,
a d

Aug

Total refugee caseloads (as of 20 Jul)a

UNITED REPUBLIC OF TANZANIA

UNHCR, bFEWS NET, cNOAA, OCHA

Short dry season

Estimated number of people in need of assistance Major displacementa

Ethiopia - Dollo Ado 54,000 new arrivals in 2011a 2,000 new arrivals per dayd 50% of new arrivals children are moderately or
severely malnourished
a

In collaboration with:

Feedback: ochaavmu@un.org www.unocha.org www.reliefweb.int

Eastern Africa: Malnutrition, Commodity Prices and Funding (as of 20 Jul 2011)
Global Acute Malnutrition (GAM) (%)
55 A 55.0 Bay (Jul 2011)a

SOMALIA

KENYA

ETHIOPIA

Dramatic increases in food and fuel prices

Somalia - Prices in Somali shilling
Diesel in Mogadishu
(per litre)
38,500

Kenya - Prices in Kenyan shilling

Diesel in Nairobi
(per litre)
81.9 106.3

+ 45%

+ 30%

50

26,500

45

1 45-47 New arrivals at Somali refugee

camps in Dollo Ado (Jul 2011)b

Red sorghum in Baidao

(per kg)
5,325

18,125

White maize in Mandera (per kg)

39

59

+ 240%

+ 51%

Jun 2010

Jun 2011

Jun 2010

Jun 2011

40

4 39.5 Juba (pastoral)

(Jul 2011)a

Ethiopia - Prices in Ethiopian birr 2 37.4 Turkana North East

(Jul 2011)g

Yellow maize in Jijiga

(per kg)

700

35 3 32.6 Mandera West

(Jul 2011)g

1 33.4 Bokolmayo camp (Jul 2011)g 1 33 Melkadida camp (Jul 2011)g

350

+ 100%

Jun 2010

Jun 2011

30 5 27.5 Mandera Central (Jul 2011)g 25 CRITICALf 6 23.8 Gedo (pastoral)

(Jul 2011)a

The impacts of the drought have been exacerbated by high food and fuel prices. Critical services such as transport, access to health facilities, food distribution and water trucking have been affected by the increase in fuel prices.

US$835 million received, $1 billion more required

8 25.0 Bale (May 2011)d
39 30% Consolidated Appeal requirements in million US$

7 15-25 New arrivals at Somali refugee

camps in Dadaab (Jul 2011)a

9 22.8 Wajir (Apr 2011)c

20
High levels of acute malnutrition are widespread in northern and eastern Kenya, southern Ethiopia, central and southern Somalia, far exceeding internationally accepted GAM thresholds of 15%. GAM rates among Somali refugees arriving in Ethiopia have reached 47 percent, according to FAOs Food Security and Nutrition Working Group.

Djibouti
268

% funded 398

SERIOUS

15

11 15.2 Mogadishu
(Apr 2011)e

10 15.6 Garbatulla (Feb 2011)a

68% 24%

POOR

10
2 3 5 9 10 6 4 A 11
Mogadishu

Ethiopia
(Jan-Jun)

Ethiopia
(Jul-Dec)

The boundaries and names shown and the designations used on all maps do not imply official endorsement or acceptance by the United Nations. Creation date: 20 Jul 2011 Data sources: aFEWS NET,
b e

561

605

FSNWG, cSCF-UK, dConcern, FSNAU, fWHO, gUNICEF

In collaboration with:

ACCEPTABLE

7 8 1

47%

47%
Feedback: ochaavmu@un.org www.unocha.org www.reliefweb.int

Somalia

Kenya