Business Data Communications

CHAPTER 7 Network Concepts Multiple Choice 1. A path for transmitting data between terminals, computers, and other devices is a(n) __________. a. concentrator b. network c. interface d. modem The name given to a device connected to a network is a __________. a. node b. medium c. baseband d. BSC A circuit is made up of __________. a. paths b. modems c. links d. both a and c The entire capacity of the transmission channel is used for a single transmission in a __________ network. a. packet-switching b. voice-switching c. circuit-switching d. message-switching In a __________ network, data can be sent whether or not the receiver is available and the messages are not a fixed length. a. packet-switching b. voice-switching c. circuit-switching d. message-switching __________ networks are not appropriate for interactive traffic, in which responses must occur quickly. a. Packet-switching b. Voice-switching c. Circuit-switching d. Message-switching In a packet-switching network, the packets can arrive at their destination out of sequence when using __________. a. virtual circuit b. datagram services c. a concentrator d. static routing Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM) networks use __________ ,which is similar to packet-switching. a. radio-switching b. circuit-switching c. cell-switching d. message-switching In __________ routing, each node in the network keeps its own routing table. a. static b. adaptive c. centralized d. distributed 10.

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A network designed by a company to solve specific problems within the corporation is a __________ network. a. private b. public c. distributed d. static A packet-switching network that uses the X.25 protocol is known as a(n) __________ network. a. packet distribution b. asynchronous c. common d. packet voice __________ networks are owned completely by the company that operates them. a. Wide area b. Packet radio c. Broadcast d. Local area An intranet is used for publishing all the following except __________. a. event calendars b. telephone directories c. employee benefit information d. salaries In a(n) __________ ,access is restricted to specific users, such as employees, vendors, and customers. a. Internet b. intranet c. public network d. America Online network In a distributed system, processors can be located in many different locations, and each processor operates __________. a. concurrently b. serially c. in parallel d. independently A distributed system has three components, which are __________. a. hardware, operating system software, medium b. operating system software, application software, line monitor c. hardware, operating system software, application software d. hardware, medium, application software Data stored at many sites can become __________ in a distributed system. a. centralized b. inconsistent c. indexed d. encrypted Installing simple, easy-to-maintain computers in a distributed system illustrates the concept of __________. a. constancy b. frequency c. modularity d. economy

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Business Data Communications

19. The equipment in a distributed system can come from many manufacturers, providing __________ in the system. a. constancy b. flexibility c. modularity d. economy When the computers in a distributed system are located in many cities, buildings, or offices, the system is providing distribution by __________. a. function b. operating system c. processing d. location When operations required within a distributed system are located at different levels in the system, the system provides distribution by __________. a. function b. operating system c. processing d. control If each remote site in a distributed system has its own programmers, the system is distributed by __________. a. b. c. d. 23. function operating system processing control

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Peer computers are used in the Internet, which is an example of a __________ distributed system. a. serial b. hierarchical c. parallel d. horizontal A system designed to manage the location of files in a distributed processing system is a __________. a. database management system (DBMS) b. distributed file system (DFS) c. random file system d. data file system A user can see only the data that is to be used in a specific application in a __________ record. a. logical b. physical c. mutual d. corrupt

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True/False T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T F F F F F F F F F F F F F F F F F F F F F F F F F F F F 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. The interconnection of computers and terminals that form paths for data transmission is known as a mainframe. The connection between nodes on a network is called a packet. A circuit never contains intermediate nodes. A point-to-point link can be impractical depending on the distance between the two devices to be connected. A single connection is needed to connect your home telephone to every other telephone in your city. Routing messages through a series of nodes is done in a switched network. In a circuit-switching network, a dedicated path is required before two devices can communicate. The telephone network is an example of a packet-switching network. In a circuit-switching network, if the communication line is busy, a message still can be sent. It simply is delivered on a delayed basis. Message-switching networks are based on the establishment of dedicated circuits. The receiver does not need to be attached to the network when a message is sent on a message-switching network. A message can be sent to only a single node in a message-switched network. Packet-switching networks have much better overall performance than message-switching networks. When using a switched virtual circuit (SVC), each packet must have routing information attached to it. In a packet radio network, messages are sent over the public telephone switched network. Centralized routing is performed at each node along the network. Common carriers build and maintain public networks. A packet distribution network (PDN) uses the X.25 protocol. Local area networks (LANs) transmit data over public communication media. A wide area network (WAN) would be used to connect computers between Minneapolis and Phoenix. Mainframes were designed only for use on wide area networks (WANs) and have not been used in local area networks (LANs). A firewall is used to allow interactive data on a message-switching network. A Web browser can be used to view Web pages on an Internet or intranet. Barnes & Noble uses the Internet for product catalog and online sales. Distributed systems do not need operating system software for their operation. In a distributed system, the computers are located in a single office or building. LANs connected to a minicomputer would not be an example of a distributed system. Operating systems must interact with the hardware, the network, and the application software when using a

Business Data Communications

T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T F F F F F F F F F F F F F F F F F F F F F F 29. 30. 31. 32. 33. 34. 35. 36. 37. 38. 39. 40. 41. 42. 43. 44. 45. 46. 47. 48. 49. 50.

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distributed system. An application program might need to use data located on a different computer in a distributed system. Modularity is a characteristic of a distributed system. Local control in a distributed system means that those who have personnel closest to the computer equipment can have more input to the type of device used. Flexibility is a characteristic of a distributed system. A local area network (LAN) is an example of a distributed system. Placing computers in many different remote locations is called distribution by location. Periodic backups are done in a timely manner in all distributed networks. In distribution by function, processing by a server is done at a single location. Locating programmers at a remote site is an example of distribution by control. Distribution by processing refers to management issues. A hierarchical distributed processing system is the same thing as a vertical system. In a vertical distributed processing system, all processing is done on a centralized computer. A hierarchical distributed processing system can have a maximum of two levels of computers in the hierarchy. A series of peer computers make up a horizontal distributed processing system. When logging into a host computer on the Internet, the user knows the type of computer at the remote site. A database is a way to consolidate data in a distributed network. A distributed file system (DFS) is another name for a database management system (DBMS). The architecture of a network and the operating system used on the network are both factors handled by a distributed file system (DFS). Multiple updates that occur simultaneously on a database are valid and result in a normal database update. In a distributed system that uses separate data, each computer uses unique programs and data. The way data actually is stored in a database is called a logical record. The DL/I language is a way to write commands in a network operating system.

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Terminals, computers, and other devices can be connected using several different configurations to form a(n) network A connection between two nodes on a network that contains many links is a(n) path The impracticality of a(n) point-to-point link is illustrated by the connection of a single telephone to every other telephone in the world. A dedicated path is created and maintained for the duration of a data transmission in a(n) circuit-switched network. The final phase of a circuit-switching connection is circuit disconnect Message-switching networks were developed as an improvement on circuit-switching networks. In a message-switching network, a(n) address must be added to the message so it arrives at the proper destination. A dramatic performance increase is seen in packet-switching networks simply by using smaller messages. Pipelining is one reason for the efficiency of packet-switching networks. Packets are treated independently in a packet-switching network using datagram services. In switched virtual circuit (SVC) transmission on a packet-switching network, a logical connection between two nodes is established before data is transmitted. The National Weather service uses a(n) packet radio network to transmit weather information from remote weather stations. Static routing is being used if data always takes the same route from source to destination, regardless of network conditions. The easiest form of broadcast routing is called flooding Virtual private network (VPN) combines the benefits of both public and private networks. A packet distribution network (PDN) uses the X.25 protocol. A(n) local area network is owned entirely by the private company that operates them.

Business Data Communications 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. 31. 32. 33. 34. 35.
A network in which all the nodes are located in a small area is classified as a(n) local area network

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A system in which several servers have independent processing capabilities and are located at different geographic sites is a(n) distributed system. A minicomputer can be used to connect several LANs in one configuration for a distributed system. Modularity of a distributed system is demonstrated by the capability to remove a malfunctioning device from the system and replace it with another device with no interruption in the rest of the system. Many different manufacturers equipment can be used in a distributed system, providing flexibility for the system. In a(n) client-server system, the work an application program performs is divided among several computers. In distribution by location ,computers forming a distributed system are in different cities, buildings, or offices. Distribution by processing refers to the way the computers in the system are connected and how they are used for processing of data in the system. A distributed system in which some processing is done on a central computer and some is done on a local computer, is known as a(n) hierarchical or vertical distributed system. A group of peer computers makes up a(n) horizontal distributed system. A(n) distributed file system manages the location of files in a distributed processing system. By providing location independence ,a distributed file system allows an authorized user access to a file regardless of its location. The location of files in a distributed system is stored in a(n) file directory An order-entry system is an example of a hierarchical distributed system that uses a(n) independent data system. If programs and data cannot be shared among the computers on a distributed system, a(n) separate data system exists. A group of files that is designed to be independent of application programs is a(n) database The subset of the data on a database that is relevant only to a specific application is known as a(n) logical record Standards for database management systems that specify the language used to describe and use the data in a database were established by an organization called Conference on Data Systems Languages (CODASYL)