KORNET-E ANTI-ARMOUR GUIDED MISSILE, RUSSIA Kornet E is the name given to the export version of the Russian Kornet

missile system. The system, first shown in 1994, has been developed by the KBP Instrument Design Making Bureau, Tula, Russia and is in production and service with the Russian Army and has been sold to the Syrian Army. Kornet is a third generation system, developed to replace the Fagot and Konkurs missile systems in the Russian Army. It is designed to destroy tanks, including those fitted with explosive reactive armor (ERA), fortifications, entrenched troops as well as small-scale targets. The system can be fitted to a variety of tracked and wheeled vehicles, including the BMP-3 infantry fighting vehicle, as well as serving as a standalone, portable system. The self-propelled Kornet missile system is manufactured by the Volsk Mechanical Plant, Volsk, Russian Federation. It was reported in April 2005 that the Kornet E missile system has been ordered by the government of Eritrea. Greece has purchased 500 examples Kornet - E Anti Tank Guided Missile. Missile The launcher fires Kornet missiles with tandem shaped charge HEAT warheads to defeat tanks fitted with ERA or with high explosive/incendiary (thermobaric effect) warheads, for use against bunkers, fortifications and fire emplacements. Armor penetration for the HEAT warhead is stated to be 1,200mm. Range is 5km. The missile has semi-automatic command-to-line-ofsight (SACLOS) laser beam riding guidance, flying along the line of sight to engage the target head on in a direct attack profile. Launcher The tripod launcher includes optical sight, thermal sight, laying drives, missile launch mechanism and missiles kept in storage and transport containers. The operator uses either optical or thermal sight to detect and track the target. The thermal sight is designated 1PN80 and is produced by the State Institute of Applied Optics (NPO GIPO) of Kazan, Russia. Vehicle Mounts The Kornet anti-tank guided weapon system is mounted on a cross-country, armored chassis based on the BMP-3 infantry fighting vehicle which entered production in the late 1980s and is in service with the Russian Army. BMP-3 is a tracked, armored, amphibious vehicle. It has a 500hp diesel engine, weighs 18.7t and is capable of a maximum speed of 70km/hr and range of 600km. The vehicle is equipped with night vision devices. The self-propelled Kornet missile system has the capability for automatic loading and the simultaneous launching of two missiles at a single target. 16 missiles can be carried. It has a crew of two.

TOW 2 HEAVY ANTI-TANK MISSILE, USA The BGM-71 TOW wire-guided heavy anti-tank missile is produced by Raytheon Systems Company. The weapon is used in anti-armor, anti-bunker, anti-fortification and antiamphibious landing roles. TOW is in service with over 45 armed forces and is integrated on over 15,000 ground, vehicle and helicopter platforms worldwide. The TOW missile system has been in service since 1970 with more than 650,000 missiles produced. Current production versions are: TOW 2A (BGM-71E), which entered production in 1987 with over 118,000 missiles delivered; TOW 2B (BGM-71F), which entered production in 1991 with over 40,000 missiles delivered and is designed to complement rather than replace TOW 2A; TOW 2B Aero; and TOW 2A Bunker Buster. The missiles can be fired from the ground using a tripod-mounted launch tube or installed on vehicles. The TOW missile system can be fitted as a single-tube pedestal mount on military vehicles or as 2-tube or 4-tube under-armor systems on vehicles such as the Improved TOW Vehicle M901, Desert Warrior, Piranha, US Marine Corps LAV, Dardo Hitfist and Bradley M2/M3. TOW Anti-Tank Guided Missile The missile has command to line-of-sight guidance. The weapons operator uses a telescopic sight to view a point on the target and then fires the missile. The missile has a two-stage ATK (Alliant Techsystems) solid propellant rocket motor. The operator continues to view and track the target through the sight. Guidance signals from the guidance computer are trans mitted along two wires, which spool from the back of the missile to the control system on the missile. The Chandler Evans CACS-2 control system uses differential piston type actuators. TOW missile warheads are supplied by Aerojet of Sacramento, California, with production facilities in Socorro, New Mexico. The missile is fitted with a high intensity thermal beacon, which provides a long-wave infrared tracking source and a xenon beacon for short-wave tracking. This dual-tracking system provides increased resistance to electro-optical and infrared countermeasures. TOW 2A Anti-Tank Guided Missile For penetration of tanks protected with explosive reactive armor (ERA), TOW 2A is equipped with a tandem warhead. A small disrupter charge detonates the reactive armor and allows the main shaped charge to penetrate the main armor.

MILAN ANTI-TANK GUIDED MISSILE SYSTEM, EUROPE MILAN is a portable medium-range, anti-tank weapon manufactured by Euromissile, based in Fontenay-aux-Roses in France. Euromissile is a consortium originally set up by AerospatialeMatra of France and DaimlerChrysler Aerospace of Germany, now a subsidiary of the EADS company. "The latest version of MILAN has a new digitized firing post and extended range missile." The missile system activities of Aerospatiale Matra have been merged with Matra BAE Dynamics and Alenia Marconi Systems to form MBDA. The system has also been built under license by Bharat Dynamics in India. The system was developed for the French and German A rmies and over 350,000 missiles and 10,000 launch units have been produced since 1972. MILAN is in service in 41 countries. MILAN 3, armed with a tandem warhead with a new firing post with jam-resistant pulsed-beacon infrared guidance, has been in production since 1996 and has been ordered by France, Cyprus and two other armies. MBDA (EADS Aerospatiale Matra) has proposed a missile system based on the MILAN 3 firing post combined with the Trigat MR missile, to be known as Trigan. Trigan is intended as a replacement for the Trigat MR missile system for the French and German Ministries of Defense, following the withdrawal from the programme of the UK and the Netherlands. MILAN ADT/ER MILAN ADT/ER is the latest version of the missile system with new digitized firing post and new extended range missile. The MILAN ADT firing post has an integrated thermal imager with a video output which allows remote operation. With two missiles, the ADT weighs less than 45kg. Qualification of the ADT firing post is underway and the first guided firing of the missile system took place in May 2006. The MILAN ER missile has a range extended to 3,000m and a new, multi-effect warhead which can penetrate 1,000mm Explosive Reactive Armor (ERA) or Rolled Homogenous Armor (RHA), or more than 3m of reinforced concrete. A direct attack mode has been added as well as improved anti jamming capability. MISSILE

The munition consists of the missile in a waterproof launch tube. MILAN 2 has a single shaped charge warhead for use against very thick and composite armor. MILAN 2T and MILAN 3 missiles are armed with a tandem charge for use against reactive armor. "MILAN ADT has an integrated thermal imager with a video output which allows remote operation." The missile's Artus propulsion system is a dual system supplied by Socit Nationale des Poudres et Explosifs (SNPE) of France, now Eurenco. Eurenco is a company formed from the merger of the explosives and propellants operations of SNPE, Saab and Patria. The first stage burns for 1.5s to eject t he missile from the launcher to a distance of about 3m, and then the second stage burns for 11s giving a speed of over 200m/s and maximum range of 2km for a 12.5s time-of-flight. FIRING POST The firing post consists of a sighting system and a guidance ass embly mounted on a tripod. The infrared localizer measures the angular deviation between the missile and the line of sight to the target. The transmission of guidance data by wire and the new MILAN 3 CCD localizer provide jamming resistance. All existing MILAN firing posts can be easily upgraded to MILAN 3 firing posts, which can fire all MILAN missiles. THERMAL SIGHT The firing post can be equipped with an optional MIRA thermal sight, produced by Thales (formerly Thomson-CSF) Optronique. MIRA has a detection range of 4,000m and field of view of 6 x 3. The mounting bracket is quickly set up without tools or modification to the MILAN firing post. No correlation between the thermal sight and the firing post is necessary. A new-generation thermal sight has been developed for the MILAN 3 firing post, the MILIS from Safran (formerly SAGEM), which has a dual field of view, a detection range of 7km and a recognition range of 2.5km. OPERATION In typical deployment, one squad of two MILAN firing posts can be assigned at company level and three or four squads form a platoon used at regiment or battalion level. The launch crew consists of two: the gunner who carries the firing post and the loader or assistant gunner who carries two missiles. "The launch crew consists of two: the gunner who carries the firing post and the loader who carries two missiles."

The gunner places the sight mark on the base of the target and presses the firing button. The missile is launched from the launch container and the launch tube is ejected to the rear of the launcher. The launcher can then be reloaded. Immediately after launch the fins on the missile open to provide a stabilizing roll to the missile. After the missile is clear of the gunner, the sustainer rocket ignites. The gunner tracks the target simply by maintaining the position of the sight reticle centered on the target during missile flight. During flight the missile is automatically slaved at about 0.5m above the line-of-sight to avoid obstacles. The explosion of the charge occurs at the moment of impact with the target, even at high angles of incidence up to 80. The rate of fire is up to three rounds a minute. Various mounting installations enable MILAN to be used from any vehicle either placed with the tripod on the roof or secured by using a quick-release clamp. Twin turrets have been developed for tracked vehicles allowing the missiles to be fired under armor.