Section - 4 Internal Electrical Works: Section - I Electrical Wiring 4.1 Definitions and Conventional Symbols

Project : Construction of Ravindra Bhavan at Sanquelim, Goa Employer : Goa State Infrastructure Development Corporation Ltd.
SECTION - 4 INTERNAL ELECTRICAL WORKS

SECTION I Electrical Wiring 4.1 Definitions and conventional symbols: The definition of terms shall be in accordance with Indian Standard Code of Practice for Electrical wiring installation IS 732 1963 except for the definition of a Point. The conventional signs and symbols for technical work as specified in IS Code 732-1963 shall be followed. Point wiring shall include all work necessary to complete wiring of a switch circuit of any length from the tapping point on the distribution circuit via the switch to the following. a. b. Ceiling rose or connector or 3 pin 5 A/15 A plug as specified. Back plate / grid plate for wire outlet (in the case of fluorescent fittings with down rods to hang from concrete ceiling upto required level or false ceiling etc). Socket outlet (in the case of socket outlet points). Lamp holder / connector as specified (in the case of wall brackets, batten points, bulk head and similar fittings). Call bell / buzzer (in this case the words via the switch shall be read as: via the ceiling rose / socket outlet or bell push where no ceiling rose / socket outlet is provided).
c. d. e.
The following shall be deemed to be included in the point wiring: a. b. c. d. Switch along with grid plate mounting Metal / primer painted or GI box, bushed conduit or porcelain tubing where cables pass through walls Conduit as called for Earth cable from metal boxes, lighting fixtures, three pin socket outlet point / fan regulator to the common earth including connections to earth dolly except the earth wire from the first tapping point of live wire to the sub distribution board. All metal blocks, boards and boxes sunk or surface type including those required for mounting fan regulator but excluding those under the main and distribution switchgears. All fixing accessories such as clamps screws, spacers, phil / rawl plug etc. as required for surface conduit. Connections to ceiling rose, connector, socket outlet, lamp holder,
e.
f. g.
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switch, fan regulator etc. h. Loopings in the same switch board and interconnections between points on the same circuit.
4.1.2
Length per point : The terms Length per point in point wiring in the case of fan and light points shall mean the distance between the switch and ceiling rose, connector or back plate, lamp holder depending upon the fitting, measured along the run of wiring irrespective of the number of wires in the run. In the case of socket outlet points, the length shall mean the distance between the socket outlet and the tapping point of live wire on the nearest switch board. In the case of call bell / buzzer points the length shall mean the distance between the call bell and the ceiling rose / socket outlet or bell push (where ceiling rose / socket outlet is not used). The connection between bell push and socket outlet/ceiling rose if wired by flexible cable shall not be treated as part of call bell point wiring. Where the flexible cable is liable to mechanical damage, the same shall be suitably protected by MS sleeve or conduit as directed by Engineer in charge.
4.1.3 4.1.3.1
Measurement of Point Wiring: Points on the basis of length per point shall be classified as under: a. Short Point Length per point not exceeding 3 mt b. Medium Point Length per point exceeding 3 mt, but not exceeding 6 mt c. Long Point Length per point exceeding 6 mt, but not exceeding 10 mt The rate for extra long point shall be worked on the basis of rate of long point plus additional cost of wiring in excess of 10mt. The cost of additional length of wiring shall be determined on the basis of number of wires run in conduit (concealed or surface) / casing capping on linear basis. Similar method shall be adopted for wiring on wood batten raceways. Conduits and accessories shall conform to relevant Indian Standards. Low smoke fire retardant & temperature stable PVC conduits minimum 2.0 mm thick shall be used in all situations as called for in schedule. Joints between conduits and accessories shall be securely made, to ensure no leakage of moisture etc passing into conduit / junction boxes / accessories. The conduits shall be delivered to the site of construction in original bundles and each length of conduit shall bear the label of the manufacturer and relevant
4.1.3.2
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IS markings. 4.1.3.3 In the case of points with more than one light point controlled by the same switch, such points shall be measured in parts i.e. from the switch to the first point as one point and classified according to Clause 4.1.3.1. For the subsequent points, the distance from fitting to fitting shall be measured along the run of wiring, treated as one point and classified according to Clause 4.1.3.1. A light point controlled by two numbers of two way switches shall be measured as two points from the fitting to the switches, on either side and classified according to Clause 4.1.3.1. Any extra light points in the same switch circuit shall be measured according to Clause 1.3.3 i.e. first as two points from switch on either side to the nearest fitting and classified according to Clause 4.1.3.1. The extra light points is then measured from fitting to fitting treated as one point and classified according to 4.1.3.1 When more than one call bell/buzzer points are controlled by the same ceiling rose / socket outlet or bell push, the points shall be measured according to Clause 4.1.3.3. 4.1.4 Circuit Wiring: Circuit wiring shall mean the length of wiring from the distribution board upto the tapping point for the nearest first point of that circuit viz. upto the nearest first switch board. Separate conduits to be provided for circuit wiring. Such wiring shall be measured on linear basis. 4.1.5 Sub-main Wiring: Sub-main wiring shall mean the length of wiring from the main/distribution switchgear to another main/distribution switchgear measured along the run of wiring. Such wiring shall be measured on linear basis. Sub-main cables or wires where called for shall be of the rated capacity and approved make. Every sub-main wire shall be drawn into an independent adequate size conduit. An independent earth-cable of proper rating shall be provided for every single phase sub-main. For every 3 phase sub-main, 2 nos. earth cables of proper rating shall be provided alongwith the sub-main. The earth cables shall be laid in conduits. Where sub-mains cables/wires are connected to switchgear, sufficient extra lengths of cable/wire shall be provided to facilitate easy connections and future maintenance. Measurement of Circuit / Power / Sub-main Wiring: The length of power / sub-main / circuit wiring or any other type of wiring on linear basis shall include all lengths from end to end of wood casing & capping, wood batten or conduit as the case may be, exclusive of
4.1.6
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interconnections inside the switch board etc. the increase on account of diversion or selections shall not be included in the measurement. The length of circuit wiring with two wires shall be measured from the distribution board to the first nearest switch in the circuit irrespective of whether the neutral conductor is taken to switch box or not. When the wires of different circuits are grouped in a single conduit / raceways the same shall be measured on linear basis depending on the actual number and sizes of wires run in conduit / casing capping raceways. 4.1.7 System of Wiring: The wiring shall be carried out on such a system as may be specified in the Tender Schedule or otherwise specified as PVC insulated stranded copper wires in high density fire resistant rigid PVC conduits as specified. Power wiring shall be kept separate and distinct from Lighting & Fan wiring. Recessed conduit wiring system may generally be adopted for this purpose. The wiring shall be done on distribution system with main and branch distribution boards at convenient physical & electrical centres. All conductors shall run in conduits as far as possible along the walls & ceiling so as to be easily accessible and capable of being thoroughly inspected. In no case, the open wiring shall be run above the false ceiling. In all types of wiring, due consideration shall be given for neatness, good appearance and safety. The balancing of circuits in three wire or poly phase installations shall be arranged to the satisfaction of Architect before handing over the installation. Circuits on different phases of a poly phase system shall be kept apart at a minimum distance of 2m unless they are enclosed in earthed metal casing suitably marked to indicate the risk of dangerous shock due to the voltage between the conductors contained in them. In large or important rooms, light & socket outlet points shall be distributed over more than one circuit as directed by the Engineer-in-charge. Prior to laying and fixing of conduits, the contractor shall carefully examine the approved working drawings, satisfy himself about the sufficiency of number and sizes of circuits, location of junction boxes, sizes and location of switch boxes and other relevant details. Any discrepancy found in the drawings shall be brought to the notice of the Architect and any modifications suggested by the contractor at site shall require approval of the Architects before the actual laying of conduits. Colour code shall be maintained for the entire wiring installation; red, yellow, blue for three phases, black for neutral & green for earth. 4.1.8 Drawings: The successful bidder shall submit shop drawings on the basis of Electrical drawings, Architects drawings, interior/ furniture layout and false ceiling
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drawings and obtain approval of such drawings before taking up execution of work. Numbering and Labeling: All wiring diagrams shall indicate clearly in plan, the main switch board, the distribution fuse board, the runs of various mains & sub-mains & the position of all points with their classification & controls. All circuits shall be indicated and numbered in the wiring diagram and all points shall be given the same numbers as the circuit to which they are electrically connected. Distribution boards shall also be marked to indicate the circuit numbers controlled by them. 4.1.9 Cables: All cables shall conform to relevant Indian Standards. Conductors for all cables/wires for internal wiring shall be of copper. The smallest copper conductor for the final circuit shall have a nominal cross sectional-area of not less than 1.5 Sq. mm. The minimum size of copper conductor for power wiring shall be 2.5 sq. mm. The cables shall be supplied, inspected, laid, tested and commissioned in accordance with drawings, specifications, relevant standard specifications & cable manufacturers instructions. All cables shall have manufacturers test/check certificate and shall be inspected upon receipt at site and checked for any damage during transit. The contractor shall take care to see that all the cables received at site are apportioned to various locations in such a manner as to ensure maximum utilization and avoidance of cable jointing. This apportioning shall be got approved by the Architects before the cables are cut to lengths. Where joints are unavoidable, the location of such joints shall be got approved before finally laying of cables. Cable joint boxes shall be of appropriate size as approved, suitable for PVC insulated armoured cables of specified voltage rating, jointing kit shall be used for outdoor cable joints. All cable joints shall be made in suitable, approved cable boxes. Jointing of cables in the joint boxes and the filling in of compound shall be done in accordance with manufacturers instructions & in an approved manner. All straight joints shall be done in epoxy mould boxes with epoxy resin. All terminal ends of conductors shall be crimped upto appropriate length as per standard practice. All cables shall be tested for continuity and insulation resistance before
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jointing commences. The seals of cables must not be removed until preparations for jointing are completed. Joints shall be made finished on the same day as commenced and sufficient protection from the weather shall be arranged during jointing. Joints shall be made by means of suitable solder for conductors, the conductors being firmly butted into the connections or thimbles or ferrules and the whole soldered with proper solder and soldering flux. The conductors shall be efficiently insulated with high voltage insulating tape and by using of spreaders of approved size and pattern. The joints shall be completely topped up with epoxy compound so as to ensure that the box is properly filled and has become moisture proof. Cable termination shall be done in cable terminal box using cable glands & the cable ends sealed with sealing compound. Where a cable enters any piece of apparatus, it shall be connected to the casing by means of an approved type of cable clamps fixed on armoured cable and gland. The clamps must grip the armouring firmly to the gland or casing, so that no undue stress is passed on to the cable conductors due to vibrations. The glands shall be fixed to the lead sheath by means of either a Plumbing Joint or a cone of approved material, capable of being compressed into lead sheath. The gland or cone shall be capable of effecting a good electrical bond between both the armouring of the cable, and the casing. 4.1.10 Laying of cables: Cables shall be laid by skilled & experienced workmen using adequate rollers to minimize stretching of the cable. The cable drums shall be placed on jacks before unwinding the cable. Great care shall be exercised in laying cables to avoid forming kinks. The relative position of the cables, laid on the cable tray shall be preserved and as far as possible the cables shall not cross each other. At all changes in direction in horizontal and vertical planes, the cable shall be bent smooth with a radius of bend not less than 12 times the diameter of cable. All cables shall be numbered as per cable schedule every 10 meters of the exposed portion. Distinguishing marks shall be made on the cable ends for identification. Insulation tapes or appropriate voltage and in red, yellow and blue colours shall be wrapped just below the sockets for phase of identifications. 4.1.10.1 Trenching: The minimum width of trench for laying single cable shall be 35 cm where more than one cable is to be laid in the same trench in horizontal formation, the width of trench shall be increased such that the inter-axial spacing between the cables, except where other wise specified shall be at least 20 cm. There shall be a clearance of at least 15 cm between axis of
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the end cables and the sides of the trench. Where cables are laid in single tier formation, the total depth of trench shall not be less than 75 cm for cables upto 1.1 KV. When more than one tier of cables is unavoidable and vertical formation of laying is adopted, depth of trench above shall be increased by 30 cm, for each additional tier to be formed. 4.1.10.2 Excavation of trenches: The trenches shall be excavated in reasonably straight lines. Wherever there is a change in direction, suitable curvature shall be provided, where gradients and changes in depth are unavoidable, these shall be gradual. Excavation should be done by any suitable means manual or mechanized. The excavated soil shall be stacked firmly by the side of the trench such that it may not fall back into the trench. The bottom of the trench shall be level and free from stone, brick bats etc. The trench shall then be provided with a layer of clean, dry sand cushion of not less than 8cm in depth. At the time of issue of cable for laying the cores shall be tested for continuity and insulation resistance. The cable drum shall be properly mounted in jacks or on a cable wheel, at a suitable location, making sure that the spindle, jack etc. are strong enough to carry the weight of the drum without failure and carry the weight of the drum without failure and that the spindle is horizontal in the bearings so as to prevent the drum creeping to one side while rotation. The cable shall be pulled over rollers in the trench steadily and uniformly without jerks and strains. The entire cable length shall as far as possible be paved off in one stretch. However, where this is not possible the remainder of the cable may be removed by Flaking i.e. by making one long loop in the reverse direction. After the cable has been uncoiled and laid into the trench over the rollers, the cable shall be lifted over the rollers beginning from one end by helpers standing about 10 part and drawn straight. The cable should then be taken off the rollers by additional helpers lifting the cable and then laid in a reasonably straight line. Cable laid in trenches in a single tier formation shall have a covering of clean, dry sand of not less than 17 cms. above the base cushion of sand before the protective cove is laid. In the case of vertical multi-tier formation after the first cable has been laid, a sand cushion of 30 cms shall be provided over the initial bed before the second tier is laid. If additional tiers are formed, each of the subsequent tiers are formed, each of cushion of 30 cms as stated above. Unless otherwise specified, the cables shall be protected by second class bricks of not less than 20 cm x 10 cm x 10 cm (nominal size) as per CPWD Building Specification or protection covers placed on top of the sand, (bricks to be laid breadthwise) for the full length of the cable. Back filling: The trenches shall be back filled with excavated earth free from stones or other sharp edged debris and shall be rammed and watered,
4.1.10.3
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if necessary, in successive layers not exceeding 30 cm. Unless otherwise specified, a crown of earth not less than 50 mm in the centre and tapering towards the sides of the trench shall be left to allow for subsidence. 4.1.11 Cables inside building: Cables inside buildings shall be laid on the cable trays. All cables passing through walls shall run through Asbestos Cement Pipes of adequate diameter and minimum 50 mm apart maintaining their relative position over the entire length. 4.1.12 Testing of cables: Test shall be conducted for insulation between phases and between phase and neutral for each length of cables, before and after jointing. All phase and neutral shall also be tested against armour earth by 500V megger. On completion of cable laying work, the following tests shall be conducted in the presence of the Architect. a. Insulation Resistance Test (sectional and overall) b. Continuity / resistance test. c. Sheathing continuity test d. Earth test. All tests shall be carried out in accordance with relevant standards. Codes of Practice and Electricity Rules. The Contractors shall provide necessary instruments, equipment and labour for conducting the above tests and shall bear all expenses in connection with such tests. All tests shall be carried out in the presence of the Architect. It shall be the responsibility of contractor to prepare a cable schedule of all equipment & submit the same for approval of Architect. Type and routine test certificates shall have to be submitted before dispatch of cables. Flexible Cable: Conductor of flexible cable shall be of copper. The minimum cross sectional area of conductor for flexible cables shall be 14/0.193 mm Unless the flexible cables are protected by armour or tough rubber or PVC sheath or conduit, these shall not be used in workshops and other places where they are liable to mechanical damage. Core flexible cables shall be used for connecting single phase appliances for phase, neutral and earth connections.
4.1.13
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Rating of lamps, fans, socket outlet, exhaust & fan points. Incandescent lamps shall be rated at 60 watts and CFL lamps shall be at 11 watts or 18 watts. Table fans and ceiling fans shall be rated at 60 watts. Exhaust fans shall be rated according to their capacity. 5 Amp socket outlet points and 15 amp socket outlet points shall be rated at 100 watts and 1000 watts respectively, unless the actual values of load are known or specified. Unless otherwise specified the wiring shall be done in the Looping system. Phase or live conductors shall be looped at the switch box and neutral conductor can be looped from the light, fan or socket. In non residential buildings, neutral conductor and earth continuity wire shall be brought to each switch board situated in rooms and halls. These shall be terminated inside the switch board shall be of adequate size to accommodate required numbers of 5 amps. Socket outlets and control switches including for future. 4.1.14 Control at Point of Entry of Supply: There shall be a moulded case circuit breaker or miniature circuit breaker of the supply mains at the point of entry. The wiring throughout the installation shall be such that there is no break in the neutral wire except in the form of a linked switchgear. The neutral shall also be distinctly marked. In this connection rule 32 (2) of the Indian Electricity Rules 1956 shall also be referred. The main switch gear shall be situated as near as practicable to the termination of service line and shall be easily accessible without the use of any external aid. On the main switch gear, where the conductors included on earthed conductor of a two wire system or an earthed neutral conductor of a multiwire system or a conductor which is to be connected thereto, an indication of a permanent nature shall be provided to identify the earthed neutral conductor. In this connection Rule 32 (1) of Indian Electricity Rules 1956 shall be referred. 4.1.15 Main Switchgear, switch board and their location: All main switchgear shall be metal clad & switch board shall be metal clad cubicle type & shall be fixed at close proximity to the point of entry of supply.
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Switch board shall not be erected above gas, stoves, or sinks or within 2.5 mt of any washing unit in the bathrooms, lavatories, toilets or kitchens. Switch board, if unavoidably fixed in places likely to be exposed to weather, to drip, or to abnormal moist atmosphere the outer casing shall be weather proof and shall be provided with glands or bushings or adopter to receive screwed conduit according to the manner in which cables are run. PVC and double flanged bushes shall be fitted in the holes of the switches and gland plate holes of switch boards for entry and exist or wires. No switch board shall not be installed so that its bottom is within 1.25 mt above the floor, unless the front of the switch board is completely enclosed by a door, or the switch board is located in a position to which only authorized persons have access. Switch boards shall be recessed in the wall if so specified in the Schedule of work or in the Special Specification. The front shall be fitted with hinged panel door of wood, MS or other suitable material such as bakelite in wood frame with locking arrangement as specified, the outer surface of door being flush with the walls. Ample room shall be provided at the back of connections and at the front between the switchgear mountings and the door/wall. Equipment which are on the front of a switch board shall be so arranged that inadvertent personal contact with live parts is unlikely during the manipulation of switchgear, changing of fuses or like operations and maintenance. No holes other than the holes by means of which the panel is fixed shall be drilled closer than 1.3 cms from any edge of the panel. The various live parts, unless they are effectively screened by substantial barriers of non-hygroscopic, non inflammable insulating material, shall be so spaced that an arc cannot be maintained between such parts and earth. The arrangement of the switchgear shall be such that they shall be readily accessible and their connections to all instruments and apparatus shall also be traceable. All the metal switchgear and switch boards shall be painted, prior to erection with one coat of antirust primer. After erection, they shall be painted with two coats of approved enamel or aluminium paint as required on all sides wherever accessible. All switch boards connected to medium voltage and above shall be provided with Danger Notice Plate conforming to IS.
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1.1.16
Hinged type metal boards: Such distribution boards shall be suitable for mounting of switchgear like MCCB, MCB, ELCB and number of outgoing MCBs as specified in schedule. Metal main switch boards shall consists of a box made of sheet metal not less than 2 mm thick and shall be provided with a hinged cover to enable the board to be swung open of the examination of the wiring at the back or front. The joints shall be substantially welded. Separate compartment for switchgear, bus bars, cables etc. shall be made in welded construction. Alternatively metal boards may be made of suitable size angle iron of minimum size 35 mm x 35 mm x 6 mm or channel iron of minimum size 35 mm x 25 mm x 6 mm frame work suitably mounted on front with a 3 mm thick MS Plate and on back with 1.5 mm M. S. Sheet. The front sheet shall be provided with suitable hinges to enable the board to be swung open for examination of the wiring. The joints shall be substantially welded. The boards shall be securely fixed to the wall by means of rag bolts and shall be provided with a locking arrangement and earthing stud. The earth stud should be commensurate with size of the earth lead/leads. All wires passing through the metal boards shall be bushed. There shall be a clear distance of 3 cm between the front and back sheets. More spaces shall be allowed wherever necessary. No apparatus shall project beyond any edge of the panel. No fuse body shall be mounted within 2.5 cms of any edge of the panel. Fixed type metal boards: Such boards shall be suitable for mounting large number of switchgear and/or higher capacity metal clad switchgear. These shall consist of an angle or channel iron frame for support on the wall or on the floor. The boards shall be fabricated out of fabricated sheet channels and sheet enclosure. All main switch boards shall be front execution and front maintainable type having separate compartments for cables, bus bar and switchgear accessible from front. There shall be a clear distance of 1m in front of the switch board. A working distance of 1m behind the switch board is preferable wherever possible, if there are any attachment or bare connection at the back of the switch board. Rule 51 (1) of Indian Electricity Rules shall apply. The connections between the switchgear mounting and the outgoing cable shall be enclosed in a cable alley fabricated in the panel by the side of switchgear compartment.
4.1.17
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The detailed dimensions and design of metal boards and angle iron frame work cubicle structure and enclosure for switchgears, including the disposition of the various mountings, which shall be symmetrically and neatly arranged for arriving at the overall dimensions shall be prepared and submitted before hand for prior approval of the Engineer-in-charges. 4.1.18 Marking of Apparatus: Where four wire three phase wiring is done, the neutral shall be preferably in one colour (black) and the other three wires in different colours (Red, yellow and Blue). Where a board has more than one switchgear, each such switchgear shall be marked to indicate which section of the installation it controls. The main switchgear shall be marked from where the supply is terminated as such. Where there is more than one main switch board in the building, each such switch board shall be marked to indicate which section of the installation and building it controls. All marking required under this rule shall be clear and permanent on sandwiched Hylem sheet engraving the details for lighting and power on it and fixed to the switch boards/doors with rivets. All distribution boards shall be marked Lighting and Power as the case may be and also marked with the pressure and number of phases of the supply. Each shall be provided with a circuit list giving details of each circuit which it controls and the current rating of the circuit and size of the fuse elements. 4.1.19 Main and branch distribution boards and their location: Unless otherwise specified in the Special Specifications, main and subdistribution boards shall be of the metal clad type, cubicle enclosure, free standing floor mounting. Main distribution boards shall be controlled by a linked switch fuse or circuit breaker. Each outgoing circuit shall be provided with a miniature circuit breaker (MCB) or moulded case circuit breaker (MCCB) as specified of suitable capacity and rating on the phase or live conductor. Sub-distribution boards shall be controlled by a circuit breaker. Each outgoing circuit shall be provided with a miniature circuit breaker (MCB) or moulded case circuit breaker (MCCB) as specified of suitable capacity and
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rating on the phase or live conductor. The earthed neutral conductor shall be connected to a common link and be capable of being disconnected individually for testing purpose. At least one spare circuit of the same capacity shall be provided on each sub-distribution board. The distribution board shall be located as near as possible to the centre of the load they are intend to control. Triple pole distribution boards shall also be generally used for final circuit distribution. They shall be controlled by a TP MCB. Each outgoing circuit shall be controlled by a MCB or Earth leakage circuit breaker (ELCB) or a combination of MCB and ELCB as required/specified. 4.1.20 Capacity of Circuits: Lights and fans may be wired on a common circuit. Such circuit shall not have more than a total of ten points of light, fan and 5 amps socket outlets or a load of 800 watts, whichever is less. The power circuits shall be designed with a maximum of two outlets per circuit. The circuits shall be designed based on the loading of the circuit. Where, not specified, the loads shall be taken as 1 KW per outlet. Wherever the load to be fed is more than 1 KW it shall be controlled by a isolator switch or miniature circuit breaker. Wiring of distribution boards: In wiring a branch distribution board, the total load of the consuming devices shall be divided, as far as possible, evenly between the number of ways of the board, leaving the spare circuit for future extension. All connections between pieces of apparatus and terminals on a board shall be neatly arranged in a definite sequence, following the arrangement of the apparatus mounted thereon, avoiding unnecessary crossing. Cables shall be connected to terminals either by soldered/crimped lugs, unless the terminals are of such a form that they can be securely clamped without cutting away of cable strands. All bare conductors shall be rigidly fixed in such a manner that a clearance of at last 2.5 cm is maintained between conductors of opposite polarity or phase and between the conductors and any material other than insulating material. In a hinged board, the incoming and outgoing cables shall be neatly bunched and shall be fixed in such a way that the door shall be capable of
4.1.21
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swinging through an angle of not less than 90 degrees. If required in the Specifications, a pilot lamp shall be fixed and connected through an independent single pole switch and fuse to the bus bars of the board. 4.1.22 Passing through walls: When conductors pass through walls, any one of the following methods shall be employed. Care shall be taken to see that wires pass very freely through protective pipe or box and that wires pass through in a straight line without any twist or cross in wires, on either ends of such holes. a. A box of approved metal extending through the whole thickness of the wall shall be buried in the wall and casings or conductors shall be carried so as to allow 1.3 cm air space on the three sides of the casing or conductor.
b.
The conductors shall be carried in an approved heavy gauge solid drawn or lap welded, conduit or in a porcelain tube of such a size that it permits drawing in. The ends of conduit shall be neatly bushed with porcelain, or other approved material. Where a wall tube passes outside a building so as to be exposed to weather, the outer end shall be bell-mouthed and turned downwards and properly bushed on the open end. 4.1.23 Fixing to walls and ceilings: Plug for ordinary walls or ceiling shall be of approved metal box not less than 5 cm. long by 2.5 cm. square on the inner end and 2 cm. square on the outer end. They shall be cemented into walls within 6.5 mm. of the surface, the remainder being finished according to the nature of the surface with plaster or lime punning. Where owing to irregular coursing or other reasons the plugging of the walls or ceiling with wood plugs present difficulties, the metal casing, or metal conduit shall be attached to the wall or ceiling in an approved manner. In the case of new building, the metal plugs shall be fixed in the walls, as far as possible, before first coat of white washing. Plugging of walls or ceiling can be done in a better way where neatness is the first consideration. In all such cases an approved type of asbestos or fibre fixing plug (Rawl or Phil plug) with correct size of tools shall be used
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and done in a workmanlike manner. Where this cannot be done, metal plugs as described under clause 4.1.25.1 can be used with special permission of the Architect. 4.1.24 Fittings: Lights, fans and sockets outlets shall be so located as to provide maximum comfort to the occupant to enable him to utilize the electricity in the most economical manner. Where conductors are required to be drawn through tube or channel leading to the fitting, the tube or channel must be free from sharp angles or projecting edge and of such size as will enable them to be wired with the conductors used for the final circuit without removing the braiding or tapping. As far as possible all tubes or channels should be of sufficient size to permit looping back. Where a light fitting is supported by one or more flexible cords, the maximum weight to which the twin flexible cords can be subjected shall be as follows: SIZE OF TWIN FLEXIBLE CORDS Nominal cross Sectional area In sq. inch 0.0006 0.0010 0.0017 No. and diameter permissible of wires in mm weight in kg Max.
14/0.193 23/0.193 40/0.193
1.4 2.3 4.5
Where a weight greater than 4.5 kgm. has to be supported, two or three twin flexible cords shall be used so that the maximum weight to which any cord is subjected does not exceed the above values, or alternatively other means of support, namely suitable metal pipe or suitable chain shall be provided. No inflammable shade shall form a part of a light fitting unless such shade is well protected against all risks of fire. Celluloid shade or light fitting shall not be used under any circumstances. Vitreous enameled iron shade shall be of size as per the fittings specification. Plastic shade shall not be generally used in the fittings suitable for incandescent lamps.
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Enclosed type fittings shall be provided with a removable glass receptacle, arranged to enclose the lamp completely and of such size or construction as to prevent undue heating of the lamp, or if the position of fittings be such that the glass receptacle is liable to mechanical damage. The glass shall be protected by a suitable wire guard or as specified in the fitting catalogue. The leads of pre-wired fixture shall be terminated on ceiling rose or connector in the fixture itself. 4.1.24.1 Outdoor fittings: External and road lamps shall have weather proof fittings of approved design so as to effectively prevent the admission of moisture. An insulating distance piece of moisture proof material shall be inserted between the lamp holder nipple and the fitting. Flexible cord conductors and cord grip lamp holders must no be used where exposed to weather. In verandahs and similar exposed situations, where pendants are used, they shall be of fixed rod type. Bulk head fittings: Bulk head fittings shall be of cast iron/cast aluminium body suitably painted white inside and grey outside complete with heat resistant glass cover, B C holder and wire guard suitable for 100 watts incandescent lamp. Where specified gasket for glass cover and shock proof B C holder shall be provided. Accessories: Switches: A switches shall be placed in the live conductor of the circuit and no single pole switch or fuse shall be inserted in the earth or earthed neutral conductor of the circuit. Single pole switches may be of the rocker-operated piano and the switch shall be ON when the knob is down on grid plate mounting in single or gangs of switches of the specified ratings. All 6/16 amps switches shall be enclosed type flush mounted on grid plates, suitable for 240 volts AC. All switches shall be fixed underside of grid plate with brass screws, leaving ample space back and sides for accommodating wires. 4.1.25.2 Lamp Holders: Lamp holders for use on brackets and the light shall have not less than 1.3cm nipple and all those for use with flexible pendent shall be provided with cord grips. All lamps holder shall be provided with shade carriers. Where centre contact Edison Screw lamp holders are used, the outer or screw contact shall be connected to the middle wire or the neutral or to the earthed conductor of the circuit.
4.1.24.2
4.1.25 4.1.25.1
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Contractor
4.1.25.4
Lamps: All incandescent and CFL lamps, unless otherwise required, shall be fixed at height of 2.5 m above the floor level or as specified in drawing or schedule of fixtures. Ceiling rose / connector: a. b. A ceiling rose, connector or any other similar attachment shall not be used on a circuit, the voltage of which normally exceeds 250 volts. Normally only one flexible cord shall be attached to a ceiling rose. Specially designed ceiling roses shall be used for multiple connections. A ceiling rose shall not embody fuse terminal as an integral part of it.
4.1.25.5
c. 4.1.25.6
Socket Outlets: a. b. c. Every socket outlet shall be controlled by a switch. The switch controlling the socket outlet shall be on the Live side of the line. 5 amps and 15 amps socket outlet shall normally be fixed at any convenient place 23 cms. above the floor level or near in special cases as desired by the Architect. The switch for 5 and 15 amps, socket outlet shall be kept alongwith the socket outlet. However, in special case, if desired by the Architect the 5 amp. socket outlet shall be placed at the normal switch level. A special rate for such point shall be paid. 15 amps socket outlet in the kitchen of the residential or commercial buildings shall be fixed at convenient place 23 cms. above working platform or as specified in drawings/schedule of fixtures. In a room containing a fixed bath or shower, there shall be no socket outlet and there shall be no provision for connecting a portable appliance. Any stationary appliance connected permanently in the bath room shall be controlled by an isolator switch or circuit breaker having outlets at such location where water/moisture does not effect. d. Where socket outlets are placed at lower level, they shall be enclosed in a suitable PVC or metallic box, as the case may be, to harmonise with the system of wiring adopted or shutter type sockets shall be provided as specified. In an earthed system of supply, a socket outlet and plug shall be of three pin type, the third terminal shall be connected to earth. Conductors connecting electrical appliance with socket outlet shall be flexible twin cord with an earthing cord which shall be secured by connecting between the earth terminal of plug and the metallic body
e. f.
Employer
TS (ELECT.) - 17
Contractor
of the electrical appliance. g. Where use of shutter type of interlocking type of socket is required for any special installation, the items should be separately and specifically listed in the schedule of Specification of that particular work.
4.1.25.7
Fixing of lighting fixtures: The light fixtures and fittings shall be assembled and installed in position complete and ready for service, in accordance with details, drawings, manufacturers instructions and to the satisfaction of the Architect.
4.1.26
Attachment of fittings and accessories In conduit/raceways wiring, accessories like ceiling rose, brackets, battens, stiff pendants etc. shall be mounted to ceiling or wall on substantial box or blocks of metal construction twice painted both inside and outside including back side after all fixing holes are made in them. Blocks shall not be less than 4 cm deep. In conduit/raceways wiring, accessories like switches, socket outlets, call bell pushes etc. shall be flush mounted on grid plates and fixed on G. I. outlet boxes of specified dimension as suitable for grid plate accessories, and the outlet box twice painted both inside and outside including back side after all fixing holes are made in them and attached to the wall. Blocks shall not be less than 4 cm deep. The cover for the box or block shall be of phenolic laminated sheet where no accessories are required and that regular grid plate where switches etc. are required. In conduit/raceways wiring, groups of accessories and regulators shall be mounted on properly secured metal box of suitable size to accommodate the number of fittings. The cover for section accommodating switches, socket outlets, fan regulator etc. shall be grid plate mounted fixed with aluminium alloy/brass/cadmium painted iron screws as specified. The control boxes shall be recessed and metal boxes shall be suitably earth. Alternatively in the case of conduit/raceways wiring, switches may be surfaced mounted wherever specially called for on teakwood or approved hard wood boxes. But in this case, the rate shall be suitably reduced and suitably amended item entered in the schedule of work. In case of conduit wiring all accessories like switches, socket outlet, call bell pushes and regulators shall be fixed in flush pattern under side of grid plate and metal boxes. Accessories like ceiling, roses, brackets, battens, stiff pendants etc. shall be fixed on metal outlet boxes. Aluminium alloy or cadmium plated iron screws shall be used to fix the accessories to their bases.
Employer
TS (ELECT.) - 18
Contractor
The control switch board shall normally be mounted with their bottom 1.25 meter from floor level or as specified in drawing/fixture schedule. 4.1.27 4.1.27.1 Fans, Regulators and Clamps. Ceiling fans: a. Ceiling fan including their suspension shall conform to relevant Indian Standards. All ceiling fans shall be wired to ceiling roses or to special connector boxes and suspended from hooks and shackles with insulators between hooks and suspension rods. There shall be no joint in the suspension rod. For wooden joists and beams, the suspension arrangement shall consist of MS flat of size not less than 40 mm x 6 mm secured on the sides of the joists or beams by means of two coach screws of size not less than 5 cm for each flat. Where there is space above the beam, a through bolt of size not less than 1.5 cm diameter shall be placed above the beam from which the flats are suspended. In the later case the flats shall be secured from movements by means of another bolt and nut at the bottom of the beam. A hook consisting of MS rod of size not less than 1.5 cm diameter shall be inserted between the MS flat through oval holes on their sides. Alternatively the flats may be bent inwards to hold tightly between them by means of a bolt and nut, a hook of S form. In the case of I beams, flats shall be shaped suitably to catch the flanges and shall be held together by means of a long bolt and nut. For concrete roofs, ceiling fan hooks shall be got buried in the concrete during construction. M S flat of size 40 mm x 6 mm bent in the form of an inverted U supported on two cross rods or cross flats 60 cm. long which are bound together to the top reinforcement of the roof shall be used. The distance between the vertical legs shall not be less than 15 cm. and the legs shall project at least 13 cm. below the ceiling and oval holes shall be made in them for carrying a 15 mm diameter rod hook. In buildings with concrete roofs having a low ceiling height where the fan clamp mentioned under clause 4.1.27.1 (e) cannot be used for wherever specified recessed type fan clamp inside a MS Hexagonator round box, as shown in the drawings shall be used.
b.
c.
d.
e.
f.
Employer
TS (ELECT.) - 19
Contractor
g.
Canopies on top of suspension rod shall effectively hide the suspension. The leading in wire shall be of nominal cross sectional area not less than 1.5 sq. mm and shall be protected from abrasion. Unless otherwise specified, all ceiling fans shall be hung 2.75 m above the floor.
h.
i.
4.1.27.2
Exhaust Fan: a. b. Exhaust fan shall conform to relevant Indian Standards. Exhaust fans shall be erected at the places indicated on the drawing or by the Architect. For fixing an exhaust fan, a circular hole shall be provided in the wall to suit the size of the frame, which shall be fixed by means of rag bolts embedded in the wall. The hole shall be neatly plastered to the original finish of the wall. The exhaust fan shall be connected to exhaust fan point, which shall be wired as near to the hole as possible by means of a flexible cord, care being taken that the blades rotate in the proper direction. Exhaust fans for installation in corrosive atmosphere, shall be painted with special PVC paint or Chlorinated rubber paint (Chlorinated rubber paint). Installation of exhaust fans in kitchen, dark rooms and such other special locations need careful consideration.
c.
d.
The regulators of ceiling fans or exhaust fans shall be connected to earth by loop earthing. 4.1.28 Interchangeability: Similar parts of all switches, lamp holders, distribution fuse boards, switchgear, ceiling roses, brackets, pendants, fans and all other fittings of the same type shall be interchangeable in each installation. 4.1.29 Structural alteration to buildings: No alteration which shall affect the structure of building shall be done unless sanction of the competent authority has first been obtained and request for the same shall be made through the Architect. All chases, ducts, holes etc required in connection with the electrical work shall be provided and filled by the Contractor at his own cost to the original architectural finish of the
Employer
TS (ELECT.) - 20
Contractor
buildings. 4.1.30 Workmanship: Good workmanship is an essential requirement for compliance with the clauses in this specification. The work shall be carried out under the direct supervision of a first class licensed foreman or of a person holding a certificate of competency issued by the State Govt. for the type of work involved, employed by the contractor who shall rectify then and there, the defects pointed out by the Architect during the progress of work. 4.1.31 Design and Construction: All materials supplied shall be new & conforming to relevant Indian Standards Specifications wherever they exist. Materials having ISI Certification marks will be preferred. 4.1.32 Completion plan and Completion Certificate: The Contractor shall provide as installed drawings, operation and maintenance manuals as below: a) b) c) 2 sets of laminated drawings. 1 set of tracings. 1 compact disc of drawings.
The makes of items like metal clad switches fluorescent fittings, distribution boards MCBs switchgear, cables, wires, conduits etc. has been categorized and covered at the end of specification. 4.1.33 PVC insulated and PVC sheathed wiring: This system of wiring, is suitable for low pressure installation, and shall not be used in places exposed to sun and rain nor in damp places but can be installed in the above places, provided they are sheathed in special approved protective covering and well protected to withstand dampness. This system of wiring is suitable in situations where acids & alkalies are likely to be present. The drawings and jointing of PVC insulated copper conductor wires and cables shall be executed with due regard to the following precautions. While drawing wires through conduits, care shall be taken to avoid scratches and kinks which cause breakage of conductors. There shall be no sharp bends. Insulation shall be shaved off like sharpening of a pencil and it shall not be removed by cutting it square. PVC insulated flexible copper conductor wire for control wiring ends shall be soldered (atleast 20 mm length).
Employer
TS (ELECT.) - 21
Contractor
Strands of wires shall not be cut for connecting terminals. The Terminals shall have sufficient cross sectional area to take all strands and shall be soldered. Connecting brass screws shall have flat ends. All looped joint shall be soldered and connected through terminal block/connectors. The pressure applied to tighten terminal screws shall be having nominal cross sectional areas exceeding 10 sq. mm shall always be provided with cable sockets. At all bolted terminals, brass flat washer of large area and approved steel string shall be used. Brass, nuts and bolts shall be used for all connections. Only certified wireman and cable jointers shall be employed to do jointing work. All wires and cables shall bear the manufacturers label and shall be brought to site in original packing for all internal wiring, PVC insulated wire or 1100 volts grade shall be used. The sub circuit wiring for point shall be carried out in looped system and no joint shall be allowed in the length of the conductors. If the use of joints connection unavoidable due to any specific reason prior permission in writing shall be obtained from the architect. No wire shall be drawn into any conduit, until all work of any nature, that may cause injury to wire, is completed. Cash shall be taken in pulling the wires so that no damage occurs to the insulation of the wires. Before the wires are drawn into the conduits, the conduits shall be thoroughly cleaned of moisture, dust, dirt or any other obstruction by forcing compressed air through the conduits. The minimum size of PVC insulated conductor wires for all sub circuit wiring for light points shall be 1.5 sq. mm. 4.1.34 4.1.34.1 Surface conduit wiring system. Type and size of conduit: Conduits and accessories shall conform to relevant Indian Standards . The conduit shall be fire retardant PVC unless otherwise mentioned. The conduits shall be black, round, high density with smooth internal surface. The conduits shall have smoke suppressing, fire retardant and temperature stable characteristics. Minimum size of conduit used shall be 19/20 mm and wall thickness shall be minimum 2 mm. All PVC bends and accessories shall be of approved make only. The minimum number of wires that can be drawn in one conduit of different sizes is given herebelow and this number shall not be exceeded. Wires originating from two different phases shall not run in the same conduit. ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Normal cross Size of Conduit sectional ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------area of 20mm 25mm 32mm 40mm conductor ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------in sq. mm S B S B S B S B ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------1.5 5 4 10 8 18 12 -
Employer
TS (ELECT.) - 22
Contractor
2.5 4 6 10 16
5 3 2 2 -
3 2 -
8 6 5 4 2
6 5 4 3 2
12 10 8 6 3
10 8 7 5 3
8 6
6 5
25 3 2 5 3 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------NOTE: i) The above table shows the maximum capacity of conduits for a simultaneous drawing in of cables. The table applies to 250 volt grade PVC copper conductor cables. ii) The columns headed S applies to runs of conduit which have distance not exceeding 4.25 m between draw in boxes and which do not deflect from the straight by an angle of more than 15 degrees. The columns headed B apply to runs of conduit which deflect from the straight by an angle of more than is degrees. Conduit pipes shall be fixed by heavy gauge saddles, secured to suitable wood plugs or other approved plugs with screws in an approved manner at an internal of not more than one metre but on either side of the couplers or bends or similar fittings, saddles shall be fixed at a distance of 30 cm from the centre of such fitting. The saddles shall not be less than 24 gauge for conduits upto 25 mm dia. and not less than 20 gauge for larger diameter. Where conduit pipes are to be laid along the trusses, steel joists, etc. The same shall be secured by means of ordinary clips or girder clips as required by the Architect where it is not possible to drill holes in the truss members suitable clamps with bolts and nuts shall be used. The width and the thickness of the ordinary clips or girder clips and clamps shall not be less than as stated below. After the conduits, junction boxes, outlet boxes and switch boxes are installed in position, the outlet shall be properly plugged or covered so that water, moisture, insects or any other foreign matter does not enter into the conduits system. The saddles shall be of moulded type high density rigid MS in proper finish securely fixed to support by means of rawl bolts or brass machine screws.
4.1.34.2
Fixing of Conduit: a.
b.
c.
4.1.34.3
Outlets: The switch or regulator box shall be made of metal on all sides, except on the front. In the case of cast boxes wall thickness shall be atleast 3 mm and in case of welded mild steel sheet boxes the wall thickness shall not be less than 18 gauges upto a size of 20cm x 30cm and above this size 16 gauge MS boxes shall be used. Except where otherwise stated grid plate shall be fixed on the front with aluminium alloy/brass/cadmium plated iron screws as specified. Clear depth of the box shall not be less than 65 mm and this shall be increased suitably to accommodate mounting of fan regulators in flush pattern. All fittings shall be fitted in flush pattern on the grid plate.
Employer
TS (ELECT.) - 23
Contractor
4.1.34.4
A portion of the above box shall be sunk in the wall, the other portion being projected out for suitable flush fitting of grid plate on the box. All outlet boxes fabricated for receiving plug sockets and switches shall be moulded to standard sizes. All boxes shall have adequate number of knockout holes of required diameter and a common terminal screws point. Erection and Earthing of MS conduit: The MS conduit of each circuit or section shall be completed before conductors are drawn in. The entire system of conduit after erection shall be tested for mechanical and electrical continuity throughout and permanently connected to earth conforming to the requirements specified under Section Earthing by means of special approved type of earthing clamps efficiently fastened to conduit pipe in a workman and conduit. Gas or water pipe shall not be used as earth medium. If conduit pipes are liable to mechanical damage, they shall be adequately protected. In a conduit system pipe must be continuous when passing through walls of floors. Earthing continuity between the conduit system and the mains board should be maintained by providing suitable earth bonding wherever the continuity cannot be otherwise maintained. Recessed conduit wiring system: Recessed conduit wiring system shall comply with all the requirement of surface conduit wiring system specified in clauses under 4.1.34 and in addition to the requirement specified in the following clauses.
4.1.35
4.1.35.1
Making of Chase: The chase in the wall shall be neatly made and of ample dimensions to permit the conduit to be fixed in the manner desired. In case of exposed brick/rubble masonry work special care shall be taken to fix the conduit and accessories in position along with the building work. Fixing of conduit in chase: The conduit pipe shall be fixed by means of staples or by means of saddles not more than 60 cm apart or by any other approved means of fixing. Fixing of standard bends or elbows shall be avoided as far as practicable and all curves maintained by bending the conduit pipes itself with a long radius which will permit easy drawing in of conductors. Inspection Boxes: Suitable inspection junction boxes according to requirements shall be provided to permit periodical inspection and to facilitate replacement of wires, if necessary. This shall be mounted flush with the wall or ceiling concrete. Minimum 65 mm depth junction boxes shall be used in roof slabs and the depth of boxes in other places shall be as per IS 2667 1976. Types of accessories to be used: All outlet such as switches, wall sockets etc. shall be flush mounting type. The outlet box shall be same as specified and shall be mounted flush with the wall. The Metal box shall be efficiently
4.1.34.2
4.1.35.3
4.1.35.4
Employer
TS (ELECT.) - 24
Contractor
earthed with conduit by and approved means of earth attachment. To facilitate drawing of wires in the conduit, G. I. Fish wire of 16/18 SWG shall be provided along with laying of recessed conduit.
Employer
TS (ELECT.) - 25
Contractor
4.1.35.5
Conduit for telephone, Security system and fire alarm: Conduits and system of conduiting for telephone, security system, fire detection and alarm system shall be the same as for electrical system, except they shall be installed atleast 150 mm away from the electrical conduits.
4.1.36
Testing of Wiring Installation: On completion of installation the following tests shall be carried out: 1. 2. 3. 4. Insulation Resistance Test Polarity Test of Switch Earth Continuity Test Earth Electrode Resistance Test
Beside the above, any other test specified by the local authority shall also be carried out. All calibrated instruments for testing, labour, materials and incidentals necessary to conduct the above tests shall be provided by the Contractor at his own cost. 4.1.36.1 Insulation Resistance: a) The insulation resistance shall be measured by applying between earth and the whole system of conductors or any section there of with all fuses in place and all switches closed, and except in earthed concentric wiring all lamps in position or both poles of the installation other wise electrically connected together, a direct current pressure of not less than twice the working pressure provided that it need not exceed 500 volts for medium voltage circuits. Where the supply is derived from the three wire DC or a poly phase A. C. system, the neutral pole of which is connected to earth either direct or through added resistance, the working pressure shall be deemed to be that which is maintained between the phase conductor and the neutral. b) The insulation resistance shall also be measured between all conductors connected to one pole or phase conductor of the supply and all the conductors to the neutral or to the other pole or phase conductors of the supply with all lamps in position and switches in off position and its value shall be not less than 50 Megaohms divided by number of outlets. c) d) Where a whole installation is being tested, a lower value than that given by the formula, subject to a minimum of 1 megaohm, is acceptable. A preliminary and similar test may be made before lamps etc. are installed, and in this event the insulation resistance to earth should be
Employer
TS (ELECT.) - 26
Contractor
not less than 100 megaohms divided by the number of outlets or when PVC insulated cables are used for wiring 25 megaohms divided by number of outlets. e) The term outlet includes every point along with every switch except that a switch combined with a socket outlet, appliance or lighting fitting is regarded as one outlet. 4.1.36.2 Polarity test of switch: a) In a two wire installation a test shall be made to verify that all switches in every circuit have been fitted in the same conductor throughout and such conductor shall be labeled or marked for connection to the phase conductor or to the non-earthed conductor of the supply. In a three wire or a four wire installation a test shall be made to verify that every non linked single pole switch is fitted to a conductor which is labeled or marked for connection to one of the phase conductor of the supply.
b)
c) The installation shall be connected to the supply for testing. The terminals of all switches shall be tested by a test lamp, one lead of which is connected to the earth. Glowing of test lamp to its brilliance, when the switch is on position irrespective of appliance in position or not, shall indicate that the switch is connected to the right polarity. 4.1.36.3 Testing of earth continuity path: The earth continuity conductor including metal conduits and metallic envelopes of cables in all cases shall be tested for electric continuity and the electrical resistance of the same alongwith the earthing lead but excluding any added resistance or earth leakage circuit breaker measured from the connection with the earth electrode to any point in the earth continuity conductor in the completed installation shall not exceed one ohm. Measurement of earth electrode resistance: a) Two auxiliary earth electrodes, besides the test electrode, are placed at suitable distance from the test electrode. A measured current is passed between the electrode A to be tested and an auxiliary current electrode C & the potential difference between the electrode A and auxiliary potential electrode B is measured. The resistance of the least electrode A is then given by R = V/I Where R V = = Resistance of earth electrode in ohms. Reading of the voltmeter in volts.
4.1.36.4
Employer
TS (ELECT.) - 27
Contractor
I b)
Reading of the ammeter in amps.
Stray currents flowing in the coil may produce serious errors in measurement of earth resistance. To eliminate this hand driven generator is used. If the frequency of the supply of hand driven generator coincides with the frequency of stray current there will be wandering of instrument pointer. An increase or decrease of generator speed will cause this to disappear. At the time of test, the test electrode shall be separated from the earthing system. The auxiliary electrodes shall be of 13 mm diameter mild steel rod driven up to 1 m into the ground.
c)
d) e) f)
All the three electrodes shall be so placed that they will be independent of the resistance area of each other. If the test electrode is in the form of rod, pipe or plate, the auxiliary current electrode C shall be placed at least 30 m away from it and the auxiliary potential electrode B shall be placed mid way between them. g) Unless three consecutive reading of test electrode resistance agree the test shall be repeated by increasing the distance between electrodes A & C upto 50 m and each time placing mid way between them. h) On these principles Megger Earth Tester containing a direct reading ohm-meter a hand driven generator and auxiliary electrodes are manufactured for direct reading of earth resistance of electrodes.
On completion of an electric installation (or an extension to an installation) a certificate shall be furnished by the contractor countersigned by the certified supervisor under whose direct supervision the installation was carried out. This certificate shall be in the prescribed form in addition to the test certificate required by the local Electric Supply Authorities. All statutory approvals shall be obtained by the contractor. Employer shall only sign power application forms which are duly filled in by the contractor. Necessary deposit to the Electricity department (paid by the contractor) shall be reimbursed by the Employer.
Employer
TS (ELECT.) - 28
Contractor
SECTION II PANELS AND SWITCHGEAR 4.2.1 General : Unless otherwise specified in the tender specifications, the entire equipment shall be suitable for operating on 415 volts/240 volts, 50 cycles, earthed neutral, 3 Phase 4 wire AC system. All components, accessories, raw materials and finished parts used in the manufacture and assembly of switch boards, power and control circuit wiring and earthing system shall comply with the relevant Indian Standards amended upto date. Where Indian Standards does not exist, British Standards specifications shall apply. The entire work shall comply with I.E. rules, particular care shall be taken to ensure compliance with rules 41, 45, and 61. 4.2.2 Makes: The Contractor shall use the makes of materials as listed in Appendix A and no other makes shall be permitted to be used. Should the Contractor install the material or carry out the method in question before receiving approval from the Architects, the Architect shall direct the Contractor to remove the material in question immediately at his cost and the same shall be replaced with approved makes. If however, the material or equipment specified or shown on the drawings is not available due to any genuine reason, the Contractor shall prior to order get the written approval of the Engineer-in-charge for the particular material/equipment. If there is delay in ordering of material on the part of Contractor, the same shall not amount to genuine reason. It shall be the Contractors responsibility for the safe custody of all materials at site, till handing over of total installation. All materials shall be inspected by the Contractor to ensure that finishes are in accordance with these specifications. Architect reserves the right to inspect the materials at the place of manufacture at Contractors expense. 4.2.3 Workmanship: The workmanship and method of installation shall conform to the best standard of practices. All work shall be performed by skilled tradesmen and to the satisfaction of the Architect. Any work that in the opinion of the Architect does not conform to the best standard practices shall be removed and reinstated by the Contractor at his expense. Certificates and Licenses must be held by all tradesmen for the type of work in which they are involved, where such Certificates and Licenses exist under Government legislation. Labels, Circuit Charts and Indexing:
4.2.4
Employer
TS (ELECT.) - 29
Contractor
All control equipment including motor control centres, control panels, circuit breakers, fuse/switches, isolators and distribution boards shall be provided with labels suitably engraved with legible characters (not less than 5mm high) indicating the use of the equipment and its reference numbers. Switch panels, distribution boards and similar distribution units shall unless specified otherwise, be designated in accordance with the type of services. The Contractor shall show details of labels on his working drawing which should be submitted to the Architect for approval prior to the labels being manufactured. Labels inscribed with 6mm minimum size lettering red on a white background and the words DANGER 415 VOLTS in English and Hindi shall be provided and fixed externally on terminal lids, covers and doors of busbar chambers, link boxes and all equipment which is connected to more than one phase of a medium voltage supply. Distribution boards and control panels shall be fitted with circuit charts mounted to the inside cover. These charts shall consist of a typed list giving the designation of each circuit and the size of the breaker required, and shall be protected by a sheet of perspex 2mm thick, labels shall also be attached to the barriers of breakers indicating the number of each individual circuit shown on the list. On AC systems the phase sequences shall be maintained throughout the installation and all phase connections shall be in the order Red, Yellow, Blue from top to bottom and/ or left to right. Neutral connections, links and / or bus bars shall always be located above/ below or to the side, not between the phase connection, links or bus-bars. The particular phase connected to fuse banks and bus-bars shall be clearly indicated by marking with the appropriate colour. The use of self adhesive PVC insulating tape is not acceptable for this purpose. All Labels and perspex circuit chart protective sheets shall be fixed on boards so as not to either damage the boards or disfigure them. All the phase wires shall be coloured RED, YELLOW, BLUE and neutral BLACK. Taping of wires, colour coding or sleeving of wore shall not be acceptable.
Employer
TS (ELECT.) - 30
Contractor
4.2.5
Type: The main control panel shall be floor mounted, free standing, totally enclosed, dust and vermin proof construction or alternatively of compartmentalised cubicle rigid construction type as specified in the tender specifications. In either case, the switch-board shall be vermin proof and suitable for tropical climatic conditions. The design shall include all provisions for safety of operating maintenance personnel. Rubber mat of quality tested for 500 volts, one meter wide shall be provided for full length of Panel, on 25 mm thick teak wood/ply board platform and shall be fixed firmly. The control panel shall be metal enclosed 14 SWG CRCA sheet steel cubicle, indoor type, dead front, floor mounting/wall mounting type. The control panel shall be totally enclosed, and vermin proof. The panel shall be in IP 54 enclosure. Gaskets between all adjacent units and beneath all covers shall be provided to render the joints dust proof. Control panels shall be arranged in multi-tier formation. All doors and covers shall be hinged and latched and shall be folded and braced as necessary to provide a rigid support for all components.Joints of any kind in sheet metal shall be seam welded, all welding slag grounded off and welding pits wiped smooth with Plumber metal. All panels and covers shall be properly fitted and secured with the frame and holes in the panels correctly positioned. Fixing screws shall enter into holes tapped into an adequate thickness of metal or provided with nuts. Self threading screws shall not be used in the construction of control panels. Base channel of 75 mm x 75 mm x 5 mm thick shall be provided at the bottom. Minimum clear space of 200 mm between the floor of the control panel and bottom most unit (Switchgear or Bus Bar) shall be provided. The control panel shall be of adequate size with a provision of spare space to the extent of 25% of number of outgoing feeders complete with bus bars to accommodate possible future additional switchgear. Knockout holes of appropriate size and number shall be provided in the control panels, distribution boards etc. in conformity with the location of incoming and outgoing conduits/cables. All equipment such as meters and indicating lamps etc. shall be located adjacent to the unit with which it is associated and care shall be taken to achieve a neat and symmetrical arrangement. Facility shall be provided for termination of cables from both above and below the control panel. Where cables enter from below, cable boxes shall be fitted at the rear
Employer
TS (ELECT.) - 31
Contractor
end arranged in tiers to facilitate making connections to the upper and lower units. Clamps shall be provided to support the weight of the cables. All power wiring inside the control panel shall be colour coded. Circuit diagram showing the arrangement of circuits shall be pasted on the inside of panel door and covered with transparent perspex sheet 2 mm thick. All labeling shall be provided in engraved anodised aluminium / bakelite strips on the front face of the panel board. The total height of the panel shall be limited to 2350 mm including the base channel. 4.2.6 Busbar Chamber: The bus bar and bus bar chamber shall be fabricated as described in chapter 1.5, and to the entire satisfaction of the Architect, however bus bar chambers shall be integral part of cubicle type panels in separate compartment. 4.2.7 Instrument Compartment: All instruments shall be flush mounted. Instrument chambers should have sufficient space. Indicating lamps should have minimum 50 mm distance between them. They shall be accessible for testing and maintenance without any danger of accident and contact with live parts of circuit breaker and bus bar. Flush mounting type voltmeter with CTs and selector switches shall be provided for the main incoming feeder, or as detailed in the bill of quantities. Voltmeters and ammeters shall conform to I S 1248 Direct Acting electrical Indicating Instruments and their class index shall not be higher than 1.5. Runs of control wires within the switch board shall be neatly bunched and suitably supported/clamped. Means shall be provided for easy identification of the control wires. 4.2.8 Switchboard components: Contractor shall use only one make of component for ease of maintenance and interchangeability. The rating of each component i.e. contactors, fuse, circuit breaker, overload relay, single phasing preventer etc. shall be as recommended by the original equipment manufacturer of components.
Employer
TS (ELECT.) - 32
Contractor
4.2.9
Selection of cables/wires: For all single phase/3 phase wiring, 1100 volts grade PVC insulated copper conductor wires/cable shall be used. Final connections to the equipment shall be through wiring enclosed in galvanized flexible conduits rigidly clamped at both ends. An isolator shall be provided near each motor/equipment wherever the motor/equipment is at a distance from the supply panel through a partition barrier or through ceiling construction. PVC insulated single core copper conductor wires shall be used inside the control panel for connecting different components and all the wires inside the control panel shall be neatly dressed and PVC ferrules shall be provided at both the ends for easy identification in control wiring. The minimum size of control wiring shall be 1.5 sq.mm PVC insulated stranded soft drawn copper conductor wires drawn through conduit to be provided for connecting equipment and control panels. Only stranded wires shall be used. Power wiring shall be of the following sizes: i. Upto 5 HP motor loads /5 kw heaters 3 x 4 sq.mm aluminium Conductor armoured cables. 3 x 6 sq. mm aluminium Conductor armoured cables 2 nos. 3 x 6 sq.mm Conductor armoured cables. iv. From 20-25 HP aluminium motor loads From 30-35 HP motor loads 2 Nos. 3 x 10 sq.mm conductor armoured cables 2 Nos. 3 x 16 sq.mm aluminium Conductor armoured cables 2 Nos. 3 x 25 sq.mm aluminium
ii.
From 6-10 HP motor loads/6-7.5 KW heaters
iii.
From 12.5-15 HP aluminium motor loads.
v.
vi.
From 40-50 HP
Employer
TS (ELECT.) - 33
Contractor
motor loads vii. From 60-75 HP motor loads
Conductor armoured cables 1 No. 3 x 70 sq.mm aluminium Conductor armoured cables
Employer
TS (ELECT.) - 34
Contractor
4.2.10
Cable Compartments: Cable compartment of minimum width as 300 mm for large boards and 250 mm for medium and small boards size shall be provided in the boards for easy termination of all incoming and outgoing cables entering from bottom or top. Adequate supports shall be provided in cable compartment to support cables. All incoming and outgoing switch terminals shall be brought out to terminal blocks in cable compartments and identified accordingly.
4.2.11
Moulded Case Circuit Breakers (MCCB): MCCBs shall be quick make and break type, and shall conform to relevant Indian Standards. The housing shall be heat resistant and having a high impact strength. MCCBs shall be flush mounted and shall be provided with trip free manual operating lever and ON AND OFF indications. The contacts shall be provided to quench the arc immediately. MCCB shall be provided with magnetic thermal releases for over current and short circuit protection. Earth fault protection shall be provided in all MCCBs used as Incomers in panels and elsewhere if specified. The overload or short circuit device shall have a common trip bar. All MCCBs shall be mounted vertically or horizontally as directed by the Architect. All MCCBs shall have 1 set of NO and NC potential free contacts for operation of Building Management System.
4.2.12
Meters and Indications: All meters shall be housed in a separate compartment and accessible from front only. Lockable doors shall be provided for the metering compartment. All switches, contactors, push buttons, indicating lamps shall be distinctly marked with a small description of the service fed.
4.2.13
Painting: Entire sheet metal works shall undergo seven tank process including passivating, sprayed with a corrosive resistant primer and baked in oven. The finishing treatment shall be two coats of synthetic enamel paint of approved colour. Alternatively the panels shall be powder coated if specified. Testing: All switch-boards shall be tested at manufacturers works. The switch boards shall be got approved before dispatch to site. The switch boards shall be tested again at site if directed by Architect.
4.2.14
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4.2.15
Cable Trays: All cables shall be laid in factory fabricated cable trays/Ladder type saddle comprising channels and rungs. The channels and rungs shall be perforated and shall be of minimum 3 mm thickness. Sufficient care shall be taken at the time of fabrication for de-rusting. Mild steel hangers shall be provided from structural steel rods with double nuts and washers at one metre distance or welding to suspension plate provided in the building concrete roof.
4.2.16 4.2.16.1
Air Circuit Breaker (ACB): Construction: An air circuit breaker shall be provided for controlling the in coming supply feeder or as required and specified in schedule. The ACB should be fully enclosed flush front in sheet steel construction. It shall be in formed and welded steel construction, conforming to I. S. 2516 with a rupturing capacity of 31 MVA at 415 volts. The breaker should have 3 distinct positions SERVICE/TEST/ISOLATED within the cubicle. It should be possible to withdraw the breaker for testing with the cassette door closed. The fixed contacts should be copper and silver plated only. Wherever specified electrical closing of breaker should be with Electrical motor wound stored energy spring closing mechanism. Mechanical indicator to indicate the status of spring should be provided . ON/OFF mechanical indicators for the status of ACB should also be provided. Operating handle for operation of ACB should be provided for charging the spring in continuous action. The spring shall be released in one operation at the correct speed independent of operator. A direct mechanical coupling should indicate the ACB in ON to OFF position. One set of NO/NC potential free contacts to be provided for operation on Building Management System.
4.2.16.2
Safety Features: a) Main contacts should be shrouded by a safety shutter preventing inadvertent contact with isolating contacts when breaker is withdrawn from the cassette. It should be possible to close the breaker in 3 distinct positions only SERVICE/TEST/ISOLATED.
b)
Employer
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Contractor
c) d)
When the breaker is closed, the hinged door should not open. While withdrawing the moving portion from the cassette, a stop should be provided on guide rails to prevent accidental falling down of breaker. It should not be possible to interchange two circuit breakers of two different thermal ratings. Moving portion of breaker should be provided with a heavy duty plugin type earth contact which makes contact before and breaks after the main isolating contact during the insertion into and withdrawal from service position of breaker. The earth contact should remain connected from service position to isolated position of the breaker. The movement shall be on steel BALLS/ROLLERS. Arc baffles should be provided above the arc chutes to let out ionised gases. The incoming panel accommodating ACB shall be provided with indicating lamps for ON-OFF positions, voltmeter and ammeter of size not less than 96mm x 96mm, selector switches, fuses for potential circuit and current transformers. It should be possible to bolt the draw-out frame not only in connected position but also in TEST and DISCONNECTED position to prevent dislocation due to vibration and shocks.
e)
f)
g)
7
h)
i)
4.2.16.3
Protections: a) Electro magnetic and thermal release or static trip release should be provided on circuit breaker for over current and earth fault protection. Specific lamp indications should be provided for over current and earth fault operation. The releases should be adjustable and thermally compensated. Relays should be CT operated through shunt trip for short circuit and earth fault protection. Under voltage relays should be provided. Over voltage relays should be provided in incomers only.
b)
c) d)
e) f)
Employer
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Contractor
g)
Minimum 6 NO and 6 NC auxiliary contacts shall be provided on each breaker. The contacts shall be rated 5 Amps.
h) Rated insulation voltage is 660 volts AC. 4.2.17 Drawings: Shop drawings for control panels and wiring of equipment showing the route of conduit/cable shall be submitted by the contractor for approval of the Engineer-in-Charge/Consultant before starting the fabrication of panel and starting the work. On completion, four sets of As-installed drawings incorporating all detail like, conduits routes, circuit in conduit, location of panels, switches junctions/pull boxes and cable route etc. shall be furnished by the contractor. 4.2.18 Testing: Before commissioning, the installation shall be subjected to (i) an insulation resistance test with a 500 volts megger, (ii) Earth Electrode resistance test, in accordance with Indian Electricity Rules and the results of such tests furnished to the consultants/Project Engineer. 4.2.19 Bus Bar Chambers: Bus Bar chamber shall be fabricated with Mild Steel angles for frame work and covered all round with sheet steel of thickness not less than 2mm CRCA in a box form. Front covers of the bus bar chambers shall be detachable and covers on the remaining sides may or may not be detachable as specified. The covers shall be fitted with dust and vermin proof gasket, secured with sufficient numbers of cadmium plated iron screws to ensure that the covers are dust tight. Suitable opening shall be provided for cable entries. Bus bar chambers for bus bars of more than 90 cm. length shall have horizontal and vertical stiffeners welded to the main frame. Alternatively the bus bar chamber shall be made of sheet steel of thickness not less than 3 mm with detachable covers on all sides and dust and vermin proof gasket. The joints shall be continuous welded. The detachable cover shall be secured to the box with sufficient number of cadmium plated iron screws to ensure dust tightness. This type of bus bar chamber shall be restricted for bus bars upto 90 cm length. However bus bar chamber in cubicle type panel shall form part of panel, having removable cover in front and insulated opening for connecting links to feeders. Self threading screws shall not be used. Bus bar chambers of size upto 90 cm. shall have detachable end covers so that the same can be extended.
Employer
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Contractor
The bus bar chamber shall be painted with two coats of synthetic enamel paint of approved colour or powder coated as specified. 4.2.20 Bus Bars: Bus bar shall be made of high conductivity electrolytic copper as specified in schedule conforming to relevant Indian Standards and shall be of sufficient cross section so that a current density of 100 amps/sq.cm for copper is not exceeded at nominal current rating. The cross section of the neutral bus bar shall be the same as that of the phase bus bar for bus bars of capacities upto 200 amps. For higher capacities the neutral, bus bar must not be less than half the cross section of that of phase bus bar. Retaining the minimum cross-section area of 2 sq.cm for copper bus bars. The bus bars shall be suitably insulated with PVC heat shrinkable sleeves. 4.2.21 Bus Bar supports and attachments: Bus bars shall be adequately supported on hygroscopic insulated supports at regular intervals to withstand maximum short circuit stress likely to be encountered. The insulating material shall be non carbonizing type and impervious to moisture. Alternatively bus bars shall be supported on resin cast epoxy or dough moulding compound insulators of suitable lengths and size conforming to relevant Indian Standards. The supports shall be sufficiently robust to effectively withstand electro-mechanical stress produced in the event of short circuit. Hardware used for mounting the supports shall be cadmium plated type or hot dipped galvanised iron. Connections to bus bars shall be made by bolts and nuts as required. Care should however be taken to ensure that the current density of the bus bars at the point of connection does not exceed permissible limits. Design consideration shall be kept for maximum permissible current density at minimum available cross-section at bolting points. The bolts washers and nuts used for connections to bus bars shall be of cadmium plated/hot dipped galvanised iron. Suitable precaution shall be taken against heating due to bimetallic contact. Further for tapping of connections from bus bars, PVC insulated wires may be used for current capacities upto 100 amp. and for higher current capacities solid conductors/strips suitably insulated with PVC sleeve shall be used. The minimum clearances to be maintained for open and enclosed indoor air insulated bus bars/electrically non exposed and working at system voltages
Employer
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Contractor
upto 600 volts shall be 26 mm between Phase to Earth and 32mm between Phase to Phase. 4.2.22 4.2.22.1 Bus Bar Markings: The colours and letters (or symbols) for Bus Bars: Main bus bar connection and Auxiliary wiring etc. shall conform to relevant Indian Standards. A brief from IS 375-1963 (revised) is given for broad guide lines. Bus Bar and Main Connections i. Three Phase Two Phase Single Phase ii. Neutral Connections
Colour Red, Yellow, Blue Red, Blue Red Black
Letter/Symbol R. Y. B. R. B. R N
iii. Connection on earth Green E --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------4.2.22.2 Phase sequence and polarity Bus bars and main connect when marked shall be in accordance with the following table to indicate the order in which the voltages in phases reach their maximum values. As indicated by colour of letters Red, Yellow, Blue Red, Blue phase sequence as indicated vectorially R. Y. B R. B.
System Three Phase Two phase 4.2.22.3
Arrangement of Bus Bars and Main connections: Bus bars and main connections which are substantially in one plane shall be arranged in order given as follows: i. The order of phase connections shall be Red, Yellow and Blue.
ii.
When the run of the conductors is horizontal, the red shall be on the top or on the left or farthest away as viewed from the front.
Employer
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Contractor
iii.
When the run of the conductor is vertical the red shall be on the left or farthest away as viewed from the front. When the system has a neutral connection in the same plane as the phase connections the neutral shall occupy an outer position. Unless the neutral connections can be readily distinguished from the phase connections the order shall be red, yellow, blue and black.
iv.
v.
Employer
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Contractor
SECTION III EARTHING 4.3. General: All the non-current carrying metal parts of electrical installation shall be earthed properly. All metal conduits, trunking, cable sheaths, switchgear, distribution boards, light fittings and all other parts made of metal shall be bonded together and connected by means of specified earthing conductors conforming with Indian Electricity Rules. 4.3.1 Connection of earthing conductors: Main earthing conductors shall be taken from the earth connections at the main switch board to an earth electrode with which the connection is to be made. Sub-mains earthing cables shall run from the main switch board to the sub distribution boards through conduit. Final distribution boards earthing conductors shall run from sub-distribution boards to final distribution boards. Circuit earthing conductor shall run from the exposed metal of equipment and shall be connected to any point on the main earthing conductor, or its distribution board or to an earth leakage circuit breaker. Metal conduits, cable sheathing and armouring shall be earthed at the ends adjacent to switch boards at which they originate, or otherwise at the commencement of the run by an earthing conductor in effective electrical contact with cable sheathing. Where equipment is connected by flexible cord, all exposed metal parts of the equipment shall be earthed by means of an earthing conductor enclosed with the current carrying conductors within the flexible cord. Switches, switch boxes, accessories, lightning fitting etc. shall be earthed with green coloured cables laid in conduits. 4.3.2 Prohibited connections: Neutral conductor, sprinkler pipes, or pipes conveying gas, water, or inflammable liquid structural steel work, metallic enclosures, metallic conduits and lightning protection system conductors shall not be used as a means of earthing an installation or even as a link in an earthing system. The electrical resistance measured between earth connection at the main switch board and any other point on the completed installation shall be low enough to permit the passage of current necessary to operate fuse or circuit breakers, and shall not exceed 1 ohm.
Employer
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Contractor
4.3.3
Earth connections: All metal clad switches and other equipment carrying single phase current shall be connected to earth by a single connection. All metal clad switches carrying 3 phase medium voltage shall be connected with earth by two separate and distinct connections. The earthing conductors inside the building wherever exposed shall be properly protected from mechanical injury by running the same in GI pipe of adequate size. The overlapping in copper strips at joints where required shall be minimum 75 mm. The joints shall be riveted and brazed in an approved manner. Sweathed lugs of adequate capacity & size shall be used for termination of all conductor wires above 6 sq. mm. Size. Lugs shall be bolted to the equipment body to be earthed after the metal body is cleaned of paint and other oily substances and properly tinned.
4.3.4
Earth Electrode: Earth Electrodes shall be Electrolytic copper plates adequately tinned and shall be protected against mechanical injury and corrosion. Minimum dimension of the Copper Plate electrode shall be 60 cm x 60 cm x 3 mm thick. The electrode shall be buried in ground with its face vertical and top not less than 3 M below ground level. Alternatively, plate shall be formed in cylindrical shape of equivalent surface area as directed by Architect.
4.3.5
Method of Installing Watering Arrangement: In the case of plate earth electrodes, a watering pipe of 20 mm diameter of medium class GI shall be provided and attached to a funnel with mesh provided on the top of this pipe for watering the earth. The watering funnel attachment shall be housed in masonry enclosure of not less than 30 cm x 30 cm finished with smooth sand cement plaster. A cast iron/MS frame with cover having locking arrangement shall be suitably embedded in the masonry enclosure. An earth electrode shall be situated at a distance not less than 3 mts away from any building. Care shall be taken that the excavations for earth electrode may not affect the column footings or foundation of the building. In case a masonry crossing is to be carried out the electrode shall pass through hume pipes/GI pipes class B/Masonry trench 50 cms deep, provided as desired and specified in Schedule. The location of the earth electrode will be such where the soil has reasonable chance of remaining moist. As far as possible Entrances, Pavements and road ways, are definitely avoided for locating the earth electrode.
Employer
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Contractor
4.3.6
Artificial Treatment of Soil: The earth electrode resistance shall be reduced by artificial chemical treatment of the soil. For this purpose, the most commonly used substances are sodium chloride (common salt), calcium chloride, sodium carbonate, copper sulphate mixed with soft coke or charcoal in suitable proportion. But before any chemical treatment is applied, possible corrosive effect on the electrode material and connections must be taken into consideration. When this treatment is resorted to, the electrode shall be surrounded by charcoal/coke and salt. This treatment of soil shall be specified in the schedule of work.
4.3.7 4.3.7.1
Size of Earthing Lead: Main Earthing Lead: The main earthing lead shall be of copper wire or copper strip as specified. For all electrical installations except sub-stations and generating station, the earthing lead shall be not less than one half of sectional area that of the largest conductor to be protected subject to an upper limit of 80 sq. mm. But if a conductor is larger than 160 sq mm nominal cross sectional area, two or more earthing conductors shall be used in parallel to provide at least half the cross section area of the current carrying conductor or bus bars. The minimum size of main earthing lead shall not be less than 8 SWG of copper wire and 25 mm x 3 mm in case of copper strip/tape.
4.3.7.2
Size of earth Lead for Sub-Stations/Generating Stations: The recommended size of copper earth bus in case of generating station and sub-stations shall be: ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Capacity of transformer / Size of copper strip in mm Generating set ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------a. b. Upto 300 KVA Above 300 KVA but not Exceeding 500 KVA 25 x 3 32 x 5 or 40 x 4
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Employer
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Contractor
4.3.7.3
Size of Earth Continuity Conductor: The nominal minimum cross sectional area of an earth continuity conductor not contained within a cable or flexible cord shall be 14 SWG copper.
4.3.7.4
Method of Connecting Earthing Lead to Earth Electrode: In plate earth electrode the earthing lead shall be securely bolted to the plate with two bolts, nuts, checknuts and washers and brazed. All materials used for connecting the earth lead with electrode shall be of tinned brass for copper plate electrode. Earth lead should be securely connected at the other end to the earth studs provided on the main boards/SDBs by means of bolting soldered lugs after metal body is cleaned of paint and oily substances and properly tinned. Loop earthing shall be provided for all mountings of main board and other metal clad switches and distribution fuse boards with not less than 14 SWG copper. Looping earthing of individual unit will not be however, necessary in the case of assembled switch boards.
4.3.8
Protection of Earthing Lead: The earthing lead from electrode onwards shall be suitably protected from mechanical injury by a minimum of 15 mm diameter G. I. Pipe of medium class in case of wire and by 40 mm diameter Medium class G. I. Pipe in case of strip. Portion of this protection pipe within ground shall be buried at least 50 cm deep (to be increased to 100 cm in case of road crossing and pavements). The portion within the building shall be drawn in G. I. Pipes through wall and floors to adequate depth.
4.3.9
No. of Earth Electrodes for Installation: In all cases the relevant provisions of rule 33, 61 and 67 of Indian Electricity Rules 1956 as amended shall be complied with. Metallic covers or supports of all medium pressure or HT apparatus or conductors shall, in all cases be connected to not less than two separate and distinct earths including electrodes. The number of earthing electrodes for substations having one transformer or
Employer
TS (ELECT.) - 45
Contractor
one generating set shall be not less than four (two for neutral and two for earthing the metal frame). Separate earth electrodes shall be provided for lightning arrestors. 4.3.10 Resistance of Earth: No earth electrode shall have a greater ohmic resistance than one ohm as measured by an approved earth testing apparatus. 4.3.11 Earthing shall be copper strips/wires of sizes as mentioned in Schedule of Quantities. The main panel shall be connected to the main earthing system of the building by means of 2 Nos. 25 mm x 3 mm copper tapes. All singlephase metal clad switches shall be earthed with 2 mm diameter copper conductor wire. All 3 phase motors and equipment shall be earthed with two numbers distinct and independent copper wires/tapes as follows: i. ii. iii. iv Loads upto and including 10 HP rating Loads 12.5 HP to 40 HP capacity Loads 50 to 75 HP capacity Loads above 75 HP 2 Nos 3 mm dia copper wires 2 Nos. 4 mm dia copper Wires 2 Nos 6 mm dia copper wires / 2 Nos 20mm x 3mm copper tape. 2 Nos 25mm x 3 mm copper tapes
All switches shall be earthed with two numbers distinct and independent copper wires/tapes as follows: i. ii. panels 63 amps to 100 amps rating iii. 3 phase switches and control2 Nos 6 mm dia panels 125 amps to 200 amps copper wires / 2 Nos 20 x 3 mm rating copper tape 3 phase switches and control2 Nos 3 mm dia copper tapes panels upto 60 amps rating 3 phase switches and control2 Nos 4 mm dia copper wires
iv.
3 phase switches, control 2 Nos 3 mm x 25 mm copper panels, bus ducts, above 200 tapes amps rating The earthing connections shall be tapped off from the main earthing of electrical installation. The over-lapping in earthing strips at joints wherever
Employer
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Contractor
required shall be minimum 75 mm. These straight joints shall be riveted with brass rivets and brazed in approved manner. Sweated lugs of adequate capacity and size shall be used for all termination of wires. Lugs shall be bolted to the equipment body to be earthed after the metal body is cleaned of paint and other oily substance and properly tinned. NOTES: 1) All single phase metal clad switches and control panels shall be connected with minimum 2 mm dia copper conductor wire. 2) All 3 phase equipments shall have two distinct earthing connections as mentioned above. 3) Main earthing to MCC shall be with 2 Nos. 25 mm x 3 mm Copper tape. 4) In case of overlapping of joints in earthing tape, the same shall be minimum 75 mm. The joints shall be riveted with brass rivets and brazed. 5) All terminations of earthing wires shall be with suitable lugs bolted to equipment. 6) No earth electrode shall have an ohmic resistance more than 1 ohms.
Employer
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Contractor
APPENDIX A LIST OF APPROVED MAKES FOR EQUIPMENT & MATERIALS Sr. Details of Material / Equipment No. 1 MCCBs 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 MCBs & MCB Distribution Contactors, Push button and other Panel accessories Meters Current Transformers Power and Control cables Lugs Glands Terminal Connectors PVC insulated copper wires PVC Conduit Flame retardant type with accessories Switches, Sockets and accessories Lighting Fixtures Ceiling fans / Exhaust Fans Telephone cables Tel tag Blocks MS Conduits Selector Switches Switch Fuse Units Manufacturer's Name' / Make L&T / Siemens / ABB / EE / Crompton / Groupe Schneider MDS / HAVELLS / SIEMENS Boards L&T / Siemens AE / IMP AE / Kappa Electric CCI / Gloster Rajnigandha Dowell Comet / Power / Gripwell Elmex / Connect well Finolex / National / Anchor Precision / AKG MK India / Anchor Roma / North West Philips / Crompton / GE / Wipro Crompton / GEC / KHAITAN Delton / ITL KRONE or equal approved Steel Crafts / NIC / BEC BCH / L&T / Siemens L&T / EE / SIEMENS / Universal / Finolex /
Employer
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APPENDIX B RELEVANT INDIAN STANDARDS FOR ELECTRICAL WORKS
PVC insulated and PVC sheathed solid aluminium conductor Cables of voltage rating not exceeding 1100 volts PVC insulated cables (for voltages upto 1100V): Part I with copper conductors (revised) Part II with aluminium conductors(revised)
4288 1967
694 (Part I) 1964 694 (Part II) 1964 1554 (Part I) 1964
PVC insulated (heavy duty) electric cables for working Voltages upto and including) 1100 volts (revised) PVC insulation and sheath of electric cables
5831-1970
Thermoplastic insulated Weather proof cables: Part I PVC insulated and PVC sheathed 3035 (Part I) 1965
Recommended current ratings for cables: Part I Paper insulated lead sheathed cables 3961 (Part I) 1967 3961 (Part II) 1967 3961 3961 (Part IV) 1968 3961 5819 1970 (Part V) (Part
Part II PVC insulated and PVC sheathed heavy duty cables Part III Rubber insulated cables III)1968 Part IV Polythylene insulated cables
Part V PVC insulated light duty cables 1968 Recommended short circuit ratings of high voltage PVC cables Rubber insulated cables: Part I with copper conductors (revised) Part II with aluminium conductors (revised)
434 (Part I) 1964 434 (Part II) 1964
Electrical Appliances:
Employer
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Contractor
Electrical bells and buzzers for indoor use (revised)
2268 1966 302 1067
Light Electrical appliances General and Safety Requirements for Electrical Installations, Codes of Practice: Danger Notice plates Earthing, Code of practice for
2551 1963 3043 1966 732 1963 1886 1967 1866 1961 2309 1969 5987 1970
Electrical wiring installations (system voltage not exceeding 650 volts) Installation and maintenance of transformers (first revision) Insulating Oil Maintenance of
Protection of buildings and allied structures against lightning (first revision) Selection of switches (voltage not exceeding 1000 V) Electrotechnical Vocabulary:
Machines and Transformers Lighting Section I General aspects
1885 (Part II)1961 1885 (Part XVI) 1968 Sec. I 1885 (Part XVI) 1968 Sec. 2 1885 (Part XVI) 1968 Sec. 3 1885 (Part XVII) 1969 1885 (Part XXXII) 1971
Lighting Section 2: General illumination lighting fittings Lighting Section 3: Lamps and auxiliary apparatus Fans: Fans and regulators, ceiling type, electric (second revision) Fans, fixed capacitors Switchgear and control gear Cable, conductor and accessories
374 1966 1709 1960
Employer
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Contractor
Illumination Engineering: Electric lighting fittings, general and safety requirements for (first revision) Flame proof electric lighting fittings Part I well 1962 glass and bulk head types Flood lights 1913 - 1969 2206 (Part I)
1947 1961
Interior Illumination: Part I Principles for good lighting and aspects 1966 of design, code of Practice for Part II Schedule for values of illumination and glare index code of Practice Lighting of public thorough fares, codes II) of practice for (first revision) Water tight electric lighting fitting 3646 (Part II)
3646 (Part II) 1966 1944 (Part I and 1970 3553 1966
Current Transformers: Part I General requirements 2705 (Part I) 1964 2705 2705 (Part (Part II) III) Part II Measuring current transformers 1964 Part III Protective current transformers 1964 Voltage Transformers: Part I General requirements. 3156 (Part I) 1965
Insulating Materials: Adhesive insulating tapes for electrical purposes: Part II Tapes with PVC substrates 2448 (Part II) 1968 335 1963 Insulating oil for transformers and switchgear (revised)
Part III Three phase whole current and transformer 722 (Part III) 1966 operated meters and single phase two wire transformer operated meters (first revision)
Employer
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Contractor
Part IV Three phase watt hour meters with maximum demand Indicator (first revision) Lamp and Lamp Accessories: Ballasts for fluorescent lamps Part I for switch start circuits (first revision) Bayonet lampholders (first revision)
722 (Part IV) 1966
1534 (Part I) 1967 1258 1967 3323 1965 1569-1963 418 1963 2183 1963 3324 1965 2215 1968 2418 1964
Bipin lamp holders for tubular fluorescent lamps Electric discharge lamps (fluorescent and mercury vapour) capacitors Electric lamps, tungsten filament general service (second revision) High pressure mercury vapour lamps, schedule Holders for starters for tubular fluorescent lamps Starters for fluorescent lamps (second revision)
Tubular fluorescent lamps for general lighting service Lightning Arresters: Application guide for expulsion type lightning arresters Application guide for non-linear resistor-type lightning arresters for alternating current systems Lightning arresters for alternating current systems: Part I Non linear resistor type lightning arresters Part II Expulsion type lightning arresters.
4850 1968 4004 1967
3070 (Part I) 1965 3070 (Part II)1966
Switchgear and Controlgear: Air-break isolators for voltage not exceeding 1000 volts (first revision) Circuit breakers, ac: Part I Requirements - Section 1 Voltage not 1) 2516 (Part I / Sec 2607 1967
Employer
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exceeding 1000 volts Part I Requirements, Section 2 Voltage range 2) 1000 to 11000 volts Part II Tests, Section 1 Voltage not exceeding 1) 1000 volts Part II Tests, Section 2 Voltage above 1000 upto and including 11000 volts Distribution pillars for voltages not exceeding 1000 volts General requirements for switchgear and controlgear for voltages not exceeding 1000 volts Switchgears bus bars, main connection and auxiliary wiring, marking and arrangements for (revised) Normal duty air break switches and composite units of air break switches and fuses for voltage not exceeding 1000 volts Heavy duty air break switches and composite units of air break switches and fuses for voltages not exceeding 1000 volts AC Contactors of voltage not exceeding
1965 2516 (Part I / Sec 1963 2516 (Part II / Sec 1966 2516 (Part II / Sec II) 1965 5039 1969 4237 1967 375 1963
4064 1967
4047 1967
1000 volts
2959 1965 3428 1969
Metal enclosed switchgear and controlgear for voltages above 1000 volts but not exceeding 11000 volts. Wiring Accessories: Boxes for the enclosure of electrical accessories: Part I: Steel and cast iron boxes Part II: Boxes made of insulating material Ceiling roses (first revision)
5133 (Part I) 1969 5133 (Part II) 1969 371 - 1966
Fittings for rigid steel conduits for electrical wiring 2667 1964 Link clips for electrical wiring 2412 1963
Employer
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Rigid steel conduits for electrical Rigid steel conduits for Electrical
wiring (revised) wiring accessories
1653 1964 3837 1966 4615 1968
Switch socket outlets (non-inter-locking type)
Switches for domestic and similar purposes (Superseding IS 1087-1957 and 2120-1963) Three pin plug and socket outlets (first revision)
3854 1966 1293 1967
Safety Standards: Guide for safety procedures and practices in electrical work 5216 1969
Employer
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Contractor
APPENDIX C SAFETY PROCEDURES 1. The Indian Electricity Rules 1965 as amended upto date are to be followed in toto. Any installation or portion of installation which does not comply with these rules should be got rectified immediately. The detailed instructions on safety procedures given in I. S. I. Code No. 5216-1969 Code for Safety Procedures and practices in Electrical Works shall be followed. It shall be the responsibility of the Contractor to see the control switches and DBs are duly marked, the distribution diagrams of sub-stations prominently displayed, sub-station premises, main switch rooms and DB enclosures are kept clean. Rubber or insulating mats should be provided in front of main switch boards. Protective and safety equipment such as rubber gauntlets or gloves, earthing rods, line mens belt, portable artificial respiration apparatus etch should be provided in each work site. Where electric welding or such other nature of work is undertaken, goggles shall also be provided and used. Necessary number of caution boards such as Man on Line, Dont switch on should be readily available at work site. Standard First Aid boxes containing materials as prescribed by St. John Ambulance Brigade or Indian Red Cross should be provided at work site. Periodical examination of the First Aid facilities and Protective and Safety equipment at site shall be undertaken for their adequacy and effectiveness by the Contractor. Charts (one in English and one in regional language) displaying methods of giving artificial respiration to a recipient of electric shock should be prominently displayed. A chart containing the names, addresses and telephone numbers of nearest authorized medical practitioners, hospitals, Fire Brigade and also of the officers in executive charge shall be displayed prominently alongwith the First Aid Box. Contractor should train supervisory and authorized persons of his team in the First Aid Practices, including various methods of artificial respiration with the help of local authorities such as Fire Brigade, St. John Ambulance Brigade and Indian Red Cross or other recognized institutions equipped to impart such training, as prompt rendering of artificial respiration can save life at times of electric shock. All new recruits should be given such First Aid Training.
2.
3.
4. 5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
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13.
No work shall be undertaken on Live installations or on installations which could be energized unless one more person is present to immediately isolate the electric supply in case of any accident and to render First Aid if necessary. No work on Live L. T bus bar or pedestal switch board in the sub-stations should be handled by a person below the rank of a wireman and such work should preferably be done in the presence of Contractor or his Electrical Engineer in charge of the work. When working on or near live installations suitable insulated tools should be used and special care should be taken to see that those tools accidently do not drop on live terminals causing shock or dead short. The electrical switchgear and distribution boards should be clearly marked to indicate the areas being controlled. Before energizing on an installation after the work is completed, it should be ensured that all tools have been removed and accounted, no person is present inside any enclosure of the switch board etc., any earthing connection made for doing the work has been removed. In case of electrical accidents and shock, the electrical installation on which the accident occurred should be switched off immediately and the affected person should be immediately removed from the live installation by pulling him with the help of his coat, shirt, wooden rod, broom handle or with any other dry cloth or paper. He should be removed from the place of accident to a near by safe place and artificial respiration continuously given as contained in I. S. I. Code and Standard prescribed by St. John Ambulance Brigade or Fire Brigade. While artificial respiration on the affected person is started immediately, help of Fire Brigade and Medical Practitioner should be called for and artificial respiration continued uninterrupted until such help arrives. Contractor or his Electrical Engineers holding charge of work should take particular care to ensure that these instructions are imparted to their staff working at site.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.
Employer
TS (ELECT.) - 56
Contractor

Section - 4 Internal Electrical Works: Section - I Electrical Wiring 4.1 Definitions and Conventional Symbols

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Section - 4 Internal Electrical Works: Section - I Electrical Wiring 4.1 Definitions and Conventional Symbols

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Copyright:

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Project : Construction of Ravindra Bhavan at Sanquelim, Goa Employer : Goa State Infrastructure Development Corporation Ltd.

SECTION - 4 INTERNAL ELECTRICAL WORKS

14/0.193 23/0.193 40/0.193

1.4 2.3 4.5

Reading of the ammeter in amps.

From 6-10 HP motor loads/6-7.5 KW heaters

From 12.5-15 HP aluminium motor loads.

motor loads vii. From 60-75 HP motor loads

Conductor armoured cables 1 No. 3 x 70 sq.mm aluminium Conductor armoured cables

Colour Red, Yellow, Blue Red, Blue Red Black

System Three Phase Two phase 4.2.22.3

APPENDIX B RELEVANT INDIAN STANDARDS FOR ELECTRICAL WORKS

434 (Part I) 1964 434 (Part II) 1964

Electrical bells and buzzers for indoor use (revised)

2268 1966 302 1067

Machines and Transformers Lighting Section I General aspects

374 1966 1709 1960

722 (Part IV) 1966

4850 1968 4004 1967

3070 (Part I) 1965 3070 (Part II)1966

2959 1965 3428 1969

5133 (Part I) 1969 5133 (Part II) 1969 371 - 1966

wiring (revised) wiring accessories

1653 1964 3837 1966 4615 1968

Switch socket outlets (non-inter-locking type)

3854 1966 1293 1967

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