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Bi ging QoS CCNP Switching Mi thit b mng trn ng i phi kim tra xem n c th h tr cho yu cu trn hay khng. Khi yu cu ti thiu c p ng, ng dng ngun s c thng bo xc nhn. Sau , ng dng c th s dng ng truyn.
3.3. Policers:
Vic gii hn bng thng thc hin bi policers Sau khi packet c phn loi, ta c th cu hnh switch gii hn traffic.
3.4. Scheduling:
Scheduling cn c gi l egress queueing hoc congestion management Packets c gn vo egress queue da theo gi tr CoS: gi tr 0-3 gn vo standard, 4-7 gn vo second standard queue Catalyst dng k thut gi l WRR. Kch thc ca mi queue c cu hnh theo t l. Mi queue c gn mt trng s. Priority queue s lun c phc v trc v khng b xp vo hng i ny.
3.5.1. Tail-drop:
Nhng packets n sau trong hng i s b drop Gy ra hin tng tcp global synchronization (xem thm trong sch)
3.5.2. WRED:
ng Quang Minh, CCIE#11897 http://www.vnpro.org Email: dangquangminh@vnpro.org 4
Bi ging QoS CCNP Switching - WRED s drop mt s packet c trong hng i Cc packets s b drop n mt gii hn no .
Trong hnh v trn, gi tr DSCP s c dng khi packet c di chuyn trong switch nh sau: 1. Packet c gn mt gi tr DSCP. Gi tr ny c tnh t inbound switch port. 2. Khi packet c switch bn trong, mi gi tr DSCP c th c thay i hoc hnh ng tng ng. ng Quang Minh, CCIE#11897 http://www.vnpro.org Email: dangquangminh@vnpro.org 5
Bi ging QoS CCNP Switching 3. Khi packet c xp hng i, gi tr DSCP s c chuyn sang CoS. Gi tr CoS ny c th c dng xc nh hng i hay scheduling. Theo phn trc, Catalyst switch s tham kho cc i lng: CoS v DSCP. Compute CoS From Internal DSCP Trust CoS: Trust IP Precedence: Trust DSCP: mls qos map dscp-cos ... mls qos map cos-dscp ... mls qos map ip-prec-dscp ... mls qos trust dscp ... mls qos map dscp-mutation ...
Bi ging QoS CCNP Switching Switch (config)# class-map class-name [match all | match any] Vic phn loi traffic c th da vo access-list, NBAR. Vi access-list: Switch(config-cmap)# match access-group name access-list Vi NBAR: Switch(config-cmap)# match protocol [protocol name] Bc k tip, nh ngha QoS policy switch(config)# policy-map policy-name Ch ra class trong policy Switch(config-pmap)# class class-name Sau , ta c th set cc dscp value hoc ip precedence Switch(config-pmap)# set dscp dscp-value Sau cng, p dng QoS vo mt interface, ti a mt cho inbound, mt cho outbound. Switch(config-if)# service-policy [input|output] policy-name
Bi ging QoS CCNP Switching Switch(config-if)# no wrr-queue random-detect queue-id Trnh nghn bng cch dng wred: Switch(config-if)# wrr-queue random-detect queu-id Thay i cc gii hn trong hng i Switch(config-if)#wrr-queue random-detect {max-threshold|min-threshold} queue-id